Abstract
An aerated concrete-hybrid construction element comprises a plurality of support structure profiles integrated therein and arranged parallel to one another at a distance from one another. The support structure profiles have a rib running transversely to the plane of the construction element, each with a respective support structure limb angled in the same direction away from the plane of the rib and running parallel or approximately parallel to the adjacent outer surface of the construction element. The support structure limbs of the support structure profiles are cast into an aerated-concrete layer extending over the length of the support structure limbs in their juxtaposed arrangement.
Claims
1-19. (canceled)
20. A building erected from wall and/or ceiling construction elements as pre-fabricated components, comprising: the construction elements are aerated concrete-hybrid construction elements with a plurality of parallel and spaced-apart support structure profiles integrated therein, which support structure profiles comprise a rib running transversely to the plane of the construction element, with a respective support structure limb angled in the same direction away from the plane of the rib and running parallel or approximately parallel to the adjacent outer surface of the construction element, wherein the support structure limbs of the support structure profile are cast into an aerated concrete layer extending over the length of the support structure limbs in their juxtaposed arrangement, and wherein a bond is created due to the surface bond of the aerated concrete to the cast support structure profile parts, and both the support structure profiles and the aerated concrete layer are statically defined together, in their interaction, with regard to loads to be absorbed and transferred.
21. The building of claim 20, wherein both support structure limbs of the support structure profiles are cast completely in an aerated concrete layer.
22. The building of claim 20, wherein the aerated concrete layer has an average bulk density of less than 1600 kg/m.sup.3.
23. The building of claim 20, wherein the support structure limbs have at least one joining groove which is recessed in the direction of the other support structure limb and follows in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the support structure profile.
24. The building of claim 23, wherein the at least one joining groove is undercut on both sides.
25. The building of claim 23, wherein pipe holders are fixed in at least some of the joining grooves of the support structure limbs.
26. The building of claim 20, wherein the rib has at least one joining groove which follows in the longitudinal extent of the support structure profile.
27. The building of claim 26, wherein the joining groove of the rib is made in the rib in the direction of the bent support structure limbs.
28. The building of claim 20, wherein the rib and/or the support structure limbs hold joining structures which act transverse to the longitudinal extent of the support structure profile.
29. The building of claim 20, wherein the aerated concrete layer is formed from at least two aerated concrete shells and each support structure limb is cast in a separate aerated concrete shell.
30. The building of claim 29, wherein the two aerated concrete shells are spaced from each other.
31. The building of claim 30, wherein a firm layer of insulating material is disposed between the two aerated concrete shells.
32. The building of claim 29, wherein the density of the two aerated concrete shells is different.
33. The building of claim 32, wherein the bulk density of one aerated concrete shell is 30-50% greater than that of the other aerated concrete shell.
34. The building of claim 20, wherein at least one construction element has at least two support structure profiles with their backs facing one another and spaced apart by a smaller amount than from adjacent support structure profiles, the ribs of these two support structure profiles being connected together by a transverse bolt extending through a release.
35. The building of claim 20, wherein at least one construction element is uniformly curved in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the support structure profiles.
36. The building of claim 35, wherein the distance of the lower apex of the curved construction element from an imaginary line connecting the ends thereof corresponds to the value L/200, where L is the length of the construction element in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the support structure profiles.
37. The building of claim 20, wherein at least one construction element is designed as a stair construction element and has at least two support structure profile pairs arranged at a distance from one another, the support structure profiles of said pairs being arranged with the backs thereof facing each other at a distance, wherein stair step support structure profiles are disposed between the support structure profiles of a support structure profile pair at a distance of the height of the stair steps and are connected to the support structure profiles.
38. The building of claim 37, wherein an edge protection profile is disposed at the free ends of the stair step support structure profiles extending over the width of the stair construction element.
39. An aerated concrete-hybrid construction element for erecting a building made of such construction elements, characterized in that the aerated concrete-hybrid construction element is an aerated concrete-hybrid construction element according to claim 20.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] The present disclosure is described below by means of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures. Shown are:
[0018] FIG. 1 a schematic horizontal section through a construction element according to a first embodiment,
[0019] FIG. 2 an end view of a support structure profile which is used in the construction element of FIG. 1,
[0020] FIG. 3 a schematic horizontal section through a construction element according to a further embodiment,
[0021] FIG. 4 a schematic horizontal section through a construction element according to yet a further embodiment,
[0022] FIG. 5 a schematic cross section through a construction element according to yet a further embodiment,
[0023] FIG. 6: a schematic plan view of the upper horizontal narrow side of a further construction element,
[0024] FIG. 7 a schematic vertical section through a further construction element,
[0025] FIG. 8: a perspective view of a section of yet another construction element which is designed as a ceiling construction element, and
[0026] FIG. 9: a perspective view/view into yet another construction element, designed as a stair construction element.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 1, a construction element 1 provided as a wall element is constructed of a plurality of spaced-apart support structure profiles 2 made of steel. These have a wall thickness of at least 1 mm. In the illustrated embodiment, the support structure profiles are spaced apart by a distance of not more than 600 mm. The support structure profiles 2 are cast in an aerated lightweight concrete shell 3 with a density of 450 kg/m.sup.3. The support structure profiles 2 extend through the entire length of the construction element 1, which length is equal to the height of the wall construction element since the construction element 1 is a wall construction element. The support structure profiles 2, of which a supporting structure 2 is shown enlarged in FIG. 2 in an end view, have a rib 4 from which a support structure limb 5, 5.1 is bent at each end. The support structure limbs 5, 5.1 are bent in the same direction. The support structure limbs 5, 5.1 run parallel or quasi-parallel to the outside 6, 6.1 of construction element 1. The support structure limbs 5, 5.1 deflected at an angle of 90 are structured by joining elements. This is a dovetail-shaped joining groove 7, 7.1 made in each support structure limb 5, 5.1 pointing in the direction of the other support structure limb 5.1, 5.2 extending over the entire longitudinal extent of the support structure profile 2 and an end-side bend 8, 8.1 which points to the other respective support structure limbs 5, 5.1. In the rib 4 there is also a joining groove 9 made in the cross-sectional shape of a dovetail. Due to these joining structures 7, 8, 7.1, 8.1, 9, in this exemplary embodiment the support structure profiles 2 are cast in their entirety in the aerated lightweight concrete shell 3. Because of this bond, the construction element 1 is statically defined in common with the support structure profiles 2 and the aerated lightweight concrete shell 3. Both elementssupport structure profiles 2 and aerated lightweight concrete shell 3assume static functions.
[0028] FIG. 3 shows a further construction element 10 in which the aerated lightweight concrete layer, which in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 is formed from the aerated lightweight concrete shell 3, is formed from two aerated lightweight concrete shells 11, 12. In each aerated lightweight concrete shell 11, 12, a support structure limb 5, 5.1 of the support structure profiles 2 is cast. The bulk density of the aerated lightweight concrete shells 11, 12 is different, wherein in the illustrated exemplary embodiment, aerated lightweight concrete shell 11 has a higher bulk density than aerated lightweight concrete shell 12. The construction element 10 is provided as a wall construction element. Thus, the static equilibrium of the construction element 10 is defined by the support structure profiles 2 of primarily aerated concrete shell 11, while aerated lightweight concrete shell 12 assumes more of a thermal insulation function. However, this is involved in the static definition of the construction element 10, but to a lesser extent. In this exemplary embodiment, the bulk density of aerated lightweight concrete shell 11 is about 600 kg/m.sup.3 and that of aerated lightweight concrete shell 12 is 350 kg/m.sup.3.
[0029] To produce the construction element 10, after the support structure profiles 2 are brought into the desired arrangement to each other, first aerated lightweight concrete shell 11, with its higher bulk density, is poured into a corresponding form. Aerated lightweight concrete shell 12 can be cast onto aerate lightweight concrete shell 11 wet on wet. Due to the lower bulk density thereof, it will not mix with the as yet uncured material of aerated lightweight concrete shell 11 or penetrate into it. By the simultaneous setting of the two aerated lightweight concrete shells 11, 12, the connection of the two shells 11, 12 is particularly good.
[0030] FIG. 4 shows a further construction element 13 which, just like construction element 10, has two aerated lightweight concrete shells 14, 15. In contrast to construction element 10, the two aerated lightweight concrete shells 14, 15 are spaced from each other in construction element 13. An insulating material layer 16 is inserted between the two aerated lightweight concrete shells 14, 15 in this embodiment. The bulk densities of aerated lightweight concrete shells 14, 15 correspond to those of aerated lightweight concrete shells 11, 12, wherein aerated lightweight concrete shell 15 is the one with the lower bulk density. The insulating material layer 16 is strong enough to be walked upon and thus sufficiently firm enough to apply the insulating material layer 16 wet on wet after casting aerated lightweight concrete shell 14 and then immediately casting aerated lightweight concrete shell 15. The casting of aerated lightweight concrete shells 14, 15 can thus take place in one step just as in the embodiment of FIG. 3 and without the necessary waiting time for the first cast aerated lightweight concrete shell 14 to harden. As can be seen from FIG. 3, in this exemplary embodiment as well, the support structure limbs 5, 5.1 are completely cast in each case in an aerated lightweight concrete shell 14 or 15.
[0031] Yet another embodiment of a construction element 17 is shown in FIG. 5. This construction element 17 also has two aerated lightweight concrete shells 18, 19. The construction element 17 is provided as a ceiling construction element. Aerated lightweight concrete shell 18 has a higher bulk density than aerated lightweight concrete shell 19 in the illustrated embodiment, in this case a bulk density of about 850 kg/m.sup.3. Aerated lightweight concrete shell 19 has a bulk density of about 500-650 kg/m.sup.3. The top 20 of construction element 17 forms the substrate for a floor to be applied thereon, for example a screed. For this reason, the support structure limbs 5 of the support structure profiles 2 used in the design of this construction element 17 are exposed at the tops. Due to the joining grooves 7 which are then also exposed, a special joining option is created here for a screed to be applied on the top 20 (not shown).
[0032] Holders 21 are placed in individual joining grooves 7.1 of the other support structure limbs 5.1 of the support structure profiles 2 or of each of the same of the ceiling construction element 17, the holders holding pipes 22 for a piping system for heating. As can be seen from the sectional view of FIG. 5, the holders 21 with the tubes 22 held thereby are cast in aerated lightweight concrete shell 18. As the exemplary embodiment of construction element 17 shows, in the described concept the joining grooves 7, 7.1 present in the support structure limbs 5, 5.1 serve not only a stiffening, but also additional purposes, which are support purposes in this embodiment. In this ceiling construction element 17, aerated lightweight concrete shell 18 is the lower shell, which serves as a heat radiator in an operation of a heat transfer fluid guided through the tubes 22. In this embodiment, the bulk density is thus also used so that this shell can get a heat radiator function. In an analogous manner, the pipes 22 of the pipeline system integrated in aerated lightweight concrete shell 18 can also be used for ceiling cooling. It is understood that the above-described concept of the integration of pipes or a piping system is also possible in both aerated lightweight concrete shells, as well as the integration of such a piping system cast in an aerated lightweight concrete shell in connection with the realization of a wall heating system.
[0033] In a manner not shown, construction element 17 is slightly curved in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the support structure profiles (in the clamping direction of the ceiling construction element 17), specifically by an amount which corresponds to the length of construction element 17 divided by a factor of 200: L/200 [length unit]. By this curvature, the top 20 of the construction element 17 is slightly convex. As a result, the construction element 17, which is designed as a ceiling construction element, is pre-curved to such a degree that a sagging of the same which occurs during installation leads to the top 20 then becoming flat. A perspective view of another such construction element is described in FIG. 8.
[0034] FIG. 6 shows a further construction element 23. This construction element 23 which is designed as a ceiling construction element is in principle designed similar to construction element 1 of FIG. 1. Therefore, like parts are identified with the same reference signs. Construction element 23 differs from construction element 1 in that two support structure profiles 2 are arranged at a closer distance from one another and a release 24 is provided between them near the middle of their rib. The two support structure profiles 2 with their backs facing each other are connected together by a bolt 25, wherein the bolt 25 extends through the release 24. The exposed shaft of the bolt 25 can serve as a connection point for connecting a hoist, such as a loop to lift the construction element 23 with a crane or the like. FIG. 6 shows an example of such a hoist connection point. When construction element 23 only has a single such hoist attachment point, it is located centrally with respect to its length. In many cases, two such hoist connection points will be provided correspondingly spaced apart.
[0035] FIG. 7 shows a further construction element 26. Construction element 26 is designed as a ceiling construction element and designed in principle in this embodiment similar to construction element 1 of FIG. 1. Construction element 26 differs due to the arrangement of its support structure profiles 2 which, as can be seen from this figure, are arranged with their backs facing each other in pairs. Construction element 26 is designed to be bolted to the adjacent walls (shown dashed in this figure). The walls then have a grip for accessing the bolt head and a turnbuckle. In this embodiment, the mutually facing sides of construction element 26 and the narrow sides of the adjacent walls are protected by a frame profile by means of which a positive lock connection can be made in the transverse direction relative to the height of the walls. For this reason, an opening 27 is provided between the two support structure profiles 2, which are arranged in the figure on the right edge of construction element 26. The opening 27 is provided by a corrugated pipe section within the formwork for casting construction element 26. The corrugated tube insert 28 is part of construction element 26. Through this vertical opening 27 through construction element 26, it is possible to screw the ceiling construction element 26 to its base and/or its upper mount, for example, a wall. Such a construction element connection is primarily useful in buildings that are built in earthquake-prone areas.
[0036] FIG. 8 shows a further construction element 29, which is designed as a ceiling construction element. In this figure, only a portion of the construction element 29 is shown. This construction element 29 is shown schematically laid out on a substrate and is convexly curved over its span, wherein FIG. 8 shows the construction element 29 before it is completely decoupled from a crane 29 carrying the construction element. The distance of the lower apex 30 from an imaginary line 31 connecting its ends corresponds to the value L/200, wherein L is the length of the construction element 29 in the direction of its span.
[0037] Due to the hybrid character of the above-described aerated concrete construction elements with respect to the functionality defining the statics thereof, the above-described concept of a construction element design is also suitable for the formation of other construction element embodiments, such as stair construction elements. Such a stair construction element 32 is shown in FIG. 9. FIG. 9 shows the construction element 32 in a partial view (upper section) and in a partial view (lower section). The construction element 32 is constructed in accordance with the concept of the integration of support structure profiles 2 into an aerated lightweight concrete layer 33 already explained in connection with the above-described construction elements. In the illustrated stair construction element 32, two support structure profile pairs 34 are arranged at a distance from each other. Each support structure profile pair 34 is spaced from the adjacent lateral end of construction element 32. The two support structure profiles 2 of a support structure profile pair are arranged with their backs facing each other and at a distance from each other. Between these, stair step support structure profiles 35 are arranged, namely at an angle to the longitudinal extent of the support structure profiles 2. These serve to support the stair steps 36 to be designed and to support a stair step edge protection profile 37 that is located at the free ends of the stair step support structure profiles 35. The stair step edge protection profiles 37 have a width that corresponds approximately to the width of the stair construction element 32. The support structure profile pairs 34 with the stair step support structure profiles 35 held thereby and stair step support structure profile 37 are placed in a suitably prepared formwork before the still flowable aerated lightweight concrete is introduced into a formwork containing the above-described construction elements. After setting of the aerated lightweight concrete, the stair construction element 32 is completed.
[0038] In this construction element 32 the force introduced via the stairs 36 to the construction element 32 is introduced via stair step support structure profile 35 to support structure profile 2 and to aerated lightweight concrete 33 and from this to the substrate supporting stair construction element 32. In this embodiment, the hybrid character of construction element 32 again becomes particularly clear.
[0039] The present disclosure has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments. Without departing from the scope of the applicable claims, numerous other possibilities arise for a person skilled in the art to implement the present disclosure within the scope of the valid claims without these having to be explained in the context of these embodiments.
TABLE-US-00001 List of reference symbols 1 Construction element 2 Support structure profile 3 Aerated lightweight concrete shell 4 Rib 5, 5.1 Support structure limb 6, 6.1 Outside 7, 7.1 Joining groove 8, 8.1 Edge 9 Joining groove 10 Construction element 11 Aerated lightweight concrete shell 12 Aerated lightweight concrete shell 13 Construction element 14 Aerated lightweight concrete shell 15 Aerated lightweight concrete shell 16 Insulation layer 17 Construction element 18 Aerated lightweight concrete shell 19 Aerated lightweight concrete shell 20 Top 21 Holder 22 Pipe 23 Construction element 24 Release 25 Bolt 26 Construction element 27 Perforation 28 Corrugated tube insert 29 Construction element 30 Apex 31 Line 32 Stair construction element 33 Aerated lightweight concrete layer 34 Support structure profile pair 35 Stair step support structure profile 36 Stair step 37 Stair step edge protection profile
