Multi-Purpose Tile System

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-purpose tile system, in particular a floor tile system, comprising a plurality of multi-purpose tiles. The invention also relates to a tile covering, in particular floor covering, consisting of mutually coupled tiles according to the invention. The invention further relates to a tile for use in multi-purpose tile system according to the invention.

Claims

1. Multi-purpose tile system, in particular a floor tile system, comprising a plurality of multi-purpose tiles, in particular floor tiles, each tile comprising: a substantially rigid base layer at least partially made of a closed cell foam plastic material, preferably provided with a toughening agent, at least one first coupling part and/or at least one second coupling part provided at different edges of the tile, in particular the base layer, which first coupling part comprises a, preferably single, upward tongue, at least one upward flank lying at a distance from the upward tongue and a single upward groove formed between the upward tongue and the upward flank, wherein: at least a part of a side of the upward tongue facing toward the upward flank extends is inclined toward the upward flank, at least a part of a side of the upward tongue facing toward the upward flank forms an upward aligning edge for the purpose of coupling the first coupling part to a second coupling part of an adjacent tile, at least a part of a side of the upward tongue facing away from the upward flank is preferably provided with a first locking element which is adapted for co-action with a second locking element of a second coupling part of an adjacent tile, which second coupling part comprises a, preferably single, downward tongue, at least one downward flank lying at a distance from the downward tongue, and a single downward groove formed between the downward tongue and the downward flank, wherein: at least a part of a side of the downward tongue facing toward the downward flank is inclined toward the downward flank, at least a part of a side of the downward tongue facing away from the downward flank forms a downward aligning edge for the purpose of coupling the second coupling part to a first coupling part of an adjacent tile, the downward flank is preferably provided with a second locking element which is connected substantially rigidly to the downward flank and adapted for co-action with a first locking element of a first coupling part of an adjacent tile, wherein the upward groove is adapted to receive at least a part of a downward tongue of an adjacent tile, and wherein the downward groove is adapted to receive at least a part of an upward tongue of an adjacent tile.

2. Tile system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substantially rigid base layer is at least partially made of a closed cell foam PVC material.

3. Tile system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the substantially rigid base layer is at least partially made of a closed cell foam plastic material, which plastic material is free of plasticizer.

4. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the base layer of foam plastic material has a density in the range of about 0.1 to 1.5 g/cm.sup.3.

5. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein, each tile comprises an upper substrate affixed to an upper side the base layer, wherein said substrate preferably comprises a decorative layer.

6. Tile system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the upper substrate is at least partially made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of: metals, alloys, macromolecular materials such as vinyl monomer copolymers and/or homopolymers; condensation polymers such as polyesters, polyamides, polyimides, epoxy resins, phenol-formaldehyde resins, urea formaldehyde resins; natural macromolecular materials or modified derivatives thereof such as plant fibres, animal fibres, mineral fibres, ceramic fibres and carbon fibres.

7. Tile system as claimed in in claim 6, wherein the vinyl monomer copolymers and/or homo-polymers are selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polymethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyacrylamides, ABS, (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) copolymers, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymers, polyvinylidene chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropene, and styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers.

8. Tile system as claimed in one of claims 5-7, wherein the upper substrate comprises a decorative layer and an abrasion resistant wear layer covering said decorative layer, wherein a top surface of said wear layer is the top surface of said tile, and wherein the wear layer is a transparent material, such that decorative layer is visible through the transparent wear layer.

9. Tile system as claimed in one of the foregoing claims, wherein the base layer of closed cell foam plastic material contains approximately 3% to 9% by weight of the toughening agent.

10. Tile system as claimed in one of the foregoing claims, wherein the closed cell foam plastic material of the base layer has an elastic modulus of more than 700 MPa.

11. Tile system as claimed in one of the foregoing claims, wherein the density of the base layer varies along the height of the base layer.

12. Tile system as claimed in one of the foregoing claims, wherein a top section and/or a bottom section of the base layer forms a crust layer having a porosity which is less than the porosity of the closed cell foam plastic material of the base layer, wherein the thickness of each crust layer is between 0.01 and 1 mm, preferably between 0.1 and 0.8 mm.

13. Tile system as claimed in one of the foregoing claims, wherein each tile comprises at least one backing layer affixed to a bottom side of the base layer, wherein said at least one backing layer at least partially made of a flexible material, preferably an elastomer.

14. Tile system as claimed in claim 13, wherein the thickness of the backing layer is at least 0.5 mm.

15. Tile system as claimed in claim 13 or 14, wherein the base layer is composed of a plurality of separate base layer segments affixed to said at least one backing layer, preferably such that said base layer segments are mutually hingeable.

16. Tile system as claimed in one of the foregoing claims, wherein each tile comprises at least one reinforcing layer, wherein the density of the reinforcing layer is preferably situated between 1000 and 2000 kg/m3, preferably between 1400- and 1900 kg/m3, and more preferably between 1400-1700 kg/m3.

17. Tile system as claimed in one of the foregoing claims, wherein at least a part of the first coupling part and/or at least a part of second coupling part of each tile is integrally connected to the base layer.

18. Tile system as claimed in one of the foregoing claims, wherein the first coupling part and/or the second coupling part allows deformation during coupling and uncoupling.

19. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein at least one coupling part of the first coupling part and second coupling part comprises a bridge connecting the tongue of said coupling element to the base layer, wherein the minimum thickness of the bridge is smaller than the minimum width of the tongue.

20. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the second coupling part comprises an upper bridge connecting the downward tongue to the base layer, wherein the upper bridge is configured to deform during coupling of adjacent panels, to widen the downward groove, and wherein, preferably, a lower side of the upper bridge of the second coupling part is at least partially inclined.

21. Tile system according to claim 20, wherein the upper side of the upward tongue is at least partially inclined, wherein the inclination of the upper side of the upward tongue and the inclination of the bridge part of the second coupling part are substantially similar, wherein both inclinations for instance mutually enclose an angle between 0 and 5 degrees.

22. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein at least a part of the upward flank adjoining the upper side of the tile is adapted to make contact with at least a part of the downward tongue adjoining the upper side of another tile in a coupled state of these tiles.

23. Tile system as claimed in claim 22, wherein the upper side of the tile is adapted to engage substantially seamless to the upper side of another tile.

24. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the first locking element is positioned at a distance from an upper side of the upward tongue.

25. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the second locking element is positioned at a distance from an upper side of the downward groove.

26. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the effective height of the downward aligned edge is larger than the effective height of the upward tongue.

27. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the mutual angle enclosed by at least an inclined part of a side of the upward tongue facing toward the upward flank and the upward flank is substantially equal to the mutual angle enclosed by at least an inclined part of a side of the downward tongue facing toward the downward flank and the downward flank.

28. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the angle enclosed by on the one hand the direction in which at least a part of a side of the upward tongue facing toward the upward flank extends and on the other the normal of the upper side of the base layer lies between 0 and 60 degrees, in particular between 0 and 45 degrees.

29. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the angle enclosed by on the one hand the direction in which at least a part of a side of the downward tongue facing toward the downward flank extends and on the other the normal of the lower side of the base layer lies between 0 and 60 degrees, in particular between 0 and 45 degrees.

30. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the first locking element comprises at least one outward bulge, and that the second locking element comprises at least one recess, which outward bulge is adapted to be at least partially received in a recess of an adjacent coupled tile for the purpose of realizing a locked coupling.

31. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the first locking element is positioned at a distance from an upper side of the upward tongue.

32. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein a side of the downward tongue facing away from the downward flank is provided with a third locking element, and wherein the upward flank is provided with a fourth locking element, said third locking element being adapted to cooperate with a fourth locking element of another tile.

33. Tile system as claimed in claim 32, wherein the co-action between the third locking element and the fourth locking element, in coupled condition of two tiles, defines a tangent T1 which encloses an angle A1 with a plane defined by the tile, which angle A1 is smaller than an angle A2 enclosed by said plane defined by the tile and a tangent T2 defined by a co-action between an inclined part of a side of the upward tongue facing toward the upward flank and an inclined part of a side of the downward tongue facing toward the downward flank.

34. Tile system as claimed in claim 33, wherein the greatest difference between angle A1 and angle A2 is situated between 5 and 10 degrees.

35. Tile system as claimed in one of claims 32-34, wherein the shortest distance between an upper edge of the downward tongue and a lower side of the base layer defines a plane, wherein the third locking element and at least a part of the downward tongue are situated at opposite sides of said plane.

36. Tile system as claimed in one of claims 32-35, wherein the minimum distance between said third locking element and an upper side of the tile is smaller than the minimum distance between an upper side of the upward tongue and said upper side of the tile.

37. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein a side of the upward tongue facing away from the upward flank is positioned at a distance from the downward flank, in coupled condition of adjacent tiles.

38. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein at least a number of tiles is identical.

39. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the tile system comprises different types of tiles (A and B respectively), wherein the arrangement and/or type of coupling parts used in a first type of tile (A) differs from the arrangement and/or type of coupling parts used in a second type of tile (B).

40. Tile system as claimed in claim 39, wherein the coupling parts of the first type of tile (A) as applied on one pair of opposite edge portions are arranged in a mirror-inverted manner relative to the coupling parts along the same pair of opposite edge portions of the second type of tiles (B).

41. Tile system as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the tile system comprises different types of tiles (A and B respectively), wherein the size of a first type of tile (A) differs from the size of second type of tile (B).

42. Tile system as claimed in one of the foregoing claims, wherein distinctive visual markings are applied to different tile types.

43. Tile system as claimed in claim 42, wherein distinctive visual markings are applied to the upward tongue of at least one first coupling element of each tile type.

44. Tile system as claimed in one of the foregoing claims, wherein each edge portion of each tile is provided with the first coupling part and/or the second coupling part, and wherein preferably edge portions are provided with different coupling parts.

45. Tile system as claimed in one of the foregoing claims, wherein the first coupling part and the second coupling part are configured to co-act in such a manner that coupled tiles are substantially locked both in a direction parallel to the plane defined by the tiles as well as in a direction perpendicular to said plane defined by the tiles.

46. Tile covering, in particular floor covering, consisting of mutually coupled tiles as claimed in any of the claims 1-45.

47. Tile for use in multi-purpose tile system according to one of claims 1-45.

Description

[0053] The invention will be elucidated on the basis of non-limitative exemplary embodiments shown in the following figures. Herein shows:

[0054] FIG. 1 schematically a transverse side view of a first embodiment of a floor tile according to the invention;

[0055] FIG. 2a a schematic representation of coupling parts of a second embodiment of a floor tile according to the invention;

[0056] FIG. 2b a schematic representation of a coupled position of two floor tiles comprising coupling parts as shown in FIG. 2a;

[0057] FIG. 3a a schematic representation of coupling parts of a third embodiment of a floor tile according to the invention;

[0058] FIG. 3b a schematic representation of a coupled position of two floor tiles comprising coupling parts as shown in FIG. 3a;

[0059] FIG. 4a a schematic representation of coupling parts of a fourth embodiment of a floor tile according to the invention;

[0060] FIG. 4b a schematic representation of a coupled position of two floor tiles comprising coupling parts as shown in FIG. 4a;

[0061] FIG. 5 schematically a side view of the laminate details of a possible embodiment of a floor tile according to the invention;

[0062] FIG. 6 a perspective view of the laminate details of a further possible embodiment of a floor tile according to the invention;

[0063] FIG. 7a schematic top view of a floor tile according to the invention in a first possible arrangement;

[0064] FIG. 7b a schematic top view of a floor tile according to the invention in a second possible arrangement;

[0065] FIG. 7c a schematic top view of a second embodiment of the floor tile with the arrangement shown in FIG. 7b;

[0066] FIG. 7d a schematic top view of first configuration of a tile system according to the invention comprising a plurality of floor tiles as shown in FIGS. 7a-c;

[0067] FIG. 7e a schematic top view of a second configuration of a tile system according to the invention comprising a plurality of floor tiles as shown in FIGS. 7a-b;

[0068] FIG. 7f schematic a top view of a third configuration of a tile system according to the invention comprising a plurality of floor tiles as shown in FIGS. 7a-b;

[0069] FIG. 7g a schematic top view of a fourth configuration of a tile system according to the invention comprising a plurality of floor tiles as shown in FIGS. 7a-b;

[0070] FIG. 7h a top view of a fifth configuration of a tile system according to the invention comprising a plurality of floor tiles as shown in FIGS. 7a-b; and

[0071] FIG. 8 a schematic representation of a fifth embodiment of a floor tile according to the invention.

[0072] FIG. 1 shows a side view of a rectangular multi-purpose floor tile 101 according to the invention. Floor tile 101 comprises a rigid base layer 102 which is at least partially made of a closed cell foam plastic material, preferably provided with a toughening agent, provided with an upper side 102a and a lower side 102b, and coupling parts 103, 104 positioned on opposite (longitudinal) sides of rigid base layer 102 and connected integrally to rigid base layer 102. A first coupling part 103 comprises an upward tongue 105, an upward flank 106 and an upward groove 109 formed between upward tongue 105 and upward flank 106. A side 105a of upward tongue 105 facing toward upward flank 106 extends in the direction of the normal N1 of the upper side 102a of rigid base layer 102. The tangent R1 and the normal N1 of upper side 102a of rigid base layer 102 are thus directed toward each other (converging orientation), wherein the angle enclosed by R1 and N1 amounts to 0-10, in particular about 3-5 degrees. Another side 105b of upward tongue 105 facing toward upward flank 106 forms an aligning edge enabling facilitated realization of a coupling to an adjacent floor tile. As shown, this side 105b functioning as aligning edge is directed away from the normal N1 of upper side 102a of the rigid base layer. An upper side 105d of upward tongue 105 does however extend in the direction of the normal N1 of upper side 102a of rigid base layer 102, and runs inclining downward in the direction of the side 105e of upward tongue 105 facing away from upward flank 106. This chamfering provides the option of giving the complementary second coupling part 104 a more robust and therefore stronger form. The side 105e of upward tongue 105 facing away from upward flank 106 is oriented substantially vertically and is moreover provided with a first locking element 107 in the form of an outward bulge 107. A lower part 106a of upward flank 106 is oriented diagonally, while an upper part 106b of upward flank 106 is shown to be substantially vertical and forms a stop surface for second coupling part 104. A lower wall part 109a of upward groove 109 is oriented substantially horizontally in this exemplary embodiment. A bridge 108 lying between lower wall part 109a of upward groove 109 and a lower side 103a has a somewhat elastic nature and is adapted to allow upward tongue 105 to pivot relative to upward flank 106, this resulting in a (temporary) widening of upward groove 109, whereby coupling of floor tile 101 to an adjacent floor tile can be facilitated. Second coupling part 104 is substantially complementary to first coupling part 103. Second coupling part 104 comprises a downward tongue 110, a downward flank 111 and a downward groove 112 formed between downward tongue 110 and downward flank 111. A side 110a of downward tongue 110 facing toward downward flank 111 lies in the direction of the normal N2 of the lower side 102b of rigid base layer 102. This means that a tangent R2 of side 110a of downward tongue 110 and the normal of the lower side 102b of rigid base layer 102 are mutually converging. In this exemplary embodiment the tangent R2 and the normal N2 enclose a mutual angle of 5 degrees. A side 110b facing away from downward flank 111 is diagonally oriented, but has a flatter orientation than the complementary side 106a of upward flank 106, whereby a gap (air space) will be formed in the coupled position, which will generally facilitate coupling between two floor tiles 101. The inclining side 110b of downward tongue 110 also functions as aligning edge for the purpose of further facilitating coupling between two floor tiles 101. Another side 110c facing away from downward flank 111 takes a substantially vertical form and forms a complementary stop surface for stop surface 106b of upward flank 106 (of an adjacent floor tile). Downward tongue 110 is further provided with a side 110d which is facing toward downward flank 111 and which functions as aligning edge for first coupling part 103 of an adjacent floor tile. Because upper side 105d of upward tongue 105 has an inclining orientation, an upper side 112a of downward groove 112 likewise has an inclining orientation, whereby the (average) distance between upper side 112a of downward groove 112 and an upper side 104a of second coupling part 104 is sufficiently large to impart sufficient strength to second coupling part 104 as such. Downward flank 111 is oriented substantially vertically and is provided with a second locking element 113 in the form of a recess 113 adapted to receive the outward bulge 107 of upward tongue 105 (of an adjacent floor tile).

[0073] A bridge 114 lying between upper side 112a of downward groove 112 and upper side 104a has a somewhat elastic nature and is adapted to allow downward tongue 110 to pivot relative to downward flank 111, this resulting in a (temporary) widening of downward groove 112, whereby coupling of floor tile 101 to an adjacent floor tile can be facilitated (not shown). The shown floor tile 101 can be part of a multi-purpose tile system according to the invention.

[0074] FIG. 2a shows a schematic representation of coupling parts 203, 204 of a second embodiment of a floor tile 201 according to the invention. FIG. 2b shows a schematic representation of the coupled position of two floor tiles 201a, 201b comprising coupling parts 203, 204 as shown in FIG. 2a.

[0075] The first coupling part 203 and the second coupling part 204 have equal functionalities as the first and second coupling parts shown in FIG. 1. The first coupling part 203 comprises an upward tongue 205, an upward flank 206 lying at a distance from the upward tongue 205 and an upward groove 209 formed between the upward tongue 205 and the upward flank 206. The second coupling part 204 comprises a downward tongue 210, a downward flank 211 lying at a distance from the downward tongue 210, and a downward groove 212 formed between the downward tongue 210 and the downward flank 211. A side 210b facing away from the downward flank 211 is diagonally oriented. The side 210b has a substantially straight design, where the complementary side 206a of the upward flank 206 has a rounded design. An air gap 230 is formed in the coupled position shown in FIG. 2b.

[0076] The first coupling part 203 comprises a first locking element 207 which is adapted for co-action with a second locking element 213 which is provided in the flank 211 of the second coupling part 204.

[0077] The difference between the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2a-b and FIG. 1 is that the tongues 205, 210, flanks 206, 211 and grooves 209, 212 have a substantially rounded design.

[0078] FIG. 3a shows a schematic representation of coupling parts 303, 304 of a third embodiment of a floor tile 301 according to the invention. FIG. 3b shows a coupled position of two floor tiles 301a, 301b comprising coupling parts 303, 304 as shown in FIG. 3a. The air gap 330 formed between a side 310b of the downward tongue and the complementary side 306a of the upward flank 206 is substantially smaller than the air gap shown in the embodiment of FIG. 2b.

[0079] FIG. 4a shows a schematic representation of coupling parts 403, 404 of a fourth embodiment of a floor tile 401 according to the invention. FIG. 4b shows a schematic representation of the coupled position of two floor tiles 401a, 401b comprising coupling parts 403, 404 as shown in FIG. 4a. The floor tile 401 comprises a rigid base layer 402 which is at least partially made of a closed cell foam plastic material. The tile 401 comprises a third locking element 440 and a complementary fourth locking element 441. A side 410b of the downward tongue 410 facing away from the downward flank 411 is provided with the third locking element 440. The upward flank 406 of the first coupling part 403 is provided with the fourth locking element 441. The third locking element 440 is adapted to cooperate with the fourth locking element 441 of another tile, as shown in FIG. 4b. FIG. 4a shows the co-action between the third locking element 440 and the fourth locking element 441 in coupled condition of two tiles 401a, 401b. The co-action defines a tangent T1 which encloses an angle A1 with a plane defined by the tile 401, which angle A1 is smaller than an angle A2 enclosed by said plane defined by the tile 401 and a tangent T2 defined by a co-action between an inclined part of a side of the upward tongue 405 facing toward the upward flank 406 and an inclined part of a side 410a of the downward tongue 410 facing toward the downward flank 411. The greatest difference between angle A1 and angle A2 is situated between 5 and 10 degrees. The third locking element 440 comprises a locking surface 443 having a distal end 442 which is distally located from a plane 450 defined by an upper side 406a of the upward flank 406 and a side 410d of the downward tongue 410 facing away from the downward flank 411, in a coupled condition.

[0080] The distance between said locking surface 443 and an upper side 402a of the tile 401 is smaller than the distance between an upper side 405a of the upward tongue 405 and said upper side 402a of the tile 401. FIG. 4b shows that a side 405e of the upward tongue 405 facing away from the upward flank 406 is positioned at a distance from the downward flank 411. A first air gap 430a is formed between the upward tongue 405 and the downward flank 411. A second air gap 430b is formed between the upward groove 409 and the downward tongue 410. The downward tongue 410 is in contact with a support surface 431 of the upward groove 409. A third air gap 430c is formed between the side 410b of the downward tongue 410 facing away from the downward flank 411 and the upward flank 406.

[0081] The bottom of the floor tile 401 comprises a bottom recess 432 which extends from point X to the end side 405e of the upward tongue 405. Preferably, the starting point X of the bottom recess 432 is at a distance d from a side 405b of the upward tongue 405 facing towards the upward flank 406.

[0082] FIG. 5 show a side view of the laminate details of a possible embodiment of a floor tile 501 according to the invention. The floor tile 501 comprises a rigid foam base layer 502 formed of a poly-foam or foamed plastic material having a lower side or bottom foam surface 502b and an upper side 502a. The floor tile 501 further comprises an upper substrate layer 520, formed of a non-foam plastic or metallic material and has a lower surface 520b and an upper surface 520a. The upper substrate layer 520 is provided over the upper foam surface 502a of the rigid base layer 502. An adhesive 521, which can be a layer or coating, is provided between the upper surface 502a of the rigid base layer 502 and the lower surface 520b of the upper substrate layer 520 to join the upper substrate layer 520 and the rigid base layer 502 together. The floor tile 501 can possibly include a design pattern or a decorative appearance of any selected type on or at the upper surface 520a of the substrate layer 520. The design pattern can be a wood grain design, a mineral grain design that resembles marble, granite or any other natural stone grain, or a colour pattern, colour blend or single colour to name just a few design possibilities. The decoration or design pattern can be printed onto or otherwise applied to the upper surface 520a of the upper substrate layer 520, but is preferably provided on a separate printing film or design layer 522 of any suitable known plastic material. The design layer 522 is covered by a transparent or semi-transparent abrasion resistant wear layer 523 of known material and fabrication through which the design layer 522 can be viewed. The top of the wear layer 523 is the top surface of the floor tile 501. The floor tile 501 can be provided with any of the coupling elements shown in the previous figures.

[0083] The upper substrate layer 520, the design layer 522 and the wear layer 523 can be initially laminated together to form an upper substrate laminate subassembly 524. The laminate subassembly 524 and the foam base layer 502 can then be laminated together to form the tile 501.

[0084] FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the laminate details of a further possible embodiment of a floor tile 601 according to the invention, wherein the layers of the laminate are shown separated partially. The floor tile 601 is provided with coupling parts 603 at the edge portions of the tile 601. This can be any suitable coupling part 603, for example the coupling parts shown in FIGS. 1-4. The floor tile 601 comprises a substantially rigid base layer 602 which is at least partially made of closed cell foam polyvinyl chloride material, for example polyvinyl chloride comprising sodium carbonate filler. The floor tile 601 further comprises an upper substrate layer 620, or reinforcing layer 620, affixed to the upper side of the base layer 602. In the shown embodiment, the reinforcing layer 620 is at least partially made of polyvinyl chloride resin comprising a plasticizer and a carbonate filler. The reinforcing layer 620 enhances the durability of the floor tile 601 and provides resistance against scratches and other small damages. A design layer 622 is provided on top of the reinforcing layer 620. The design layer 622 is preferably a thermoplastic film layer. The design layer 622 is covered by a transparent or semi-transparent abrasion resistant wear layer 623 through which the design layer 622 can be viewed. The wear layer 623 is a protection layer and is preferably at least partially made of a polyvinyl chloride resin comprising a DOTP plasticizer and calcium and zinc stearate. The top surface of the floor tile 601 comprises a ceramic bead polymer layer 626. The ceramic bead polymer layer 626 forms a protective overlay 626 due to its wear resistance and corrosion and erosion resistance. The floor tile 601 further comprises a backing layer 625. The backing layer 625 preferably has good sound damping properties. The backing layer 625 is preferably shock-absorbing. The floor tile 601 is fully waterproof and has a very good moisture stability. The possible embodiment of FIG. 6 may comprise all of the abovementioned layers, or any number of the mentioned layers in combination. For instance, the ceramic bead polymer layer 626 may optionally be omitted.

[0085] FIG. 7a shows a top view of a schematic representation of a floor tile A according to the invention in a first possible arrangement. The floor tile A comprises a plurality of first coupling parts G3L provided at a first edge portion A1 of the tile A and at a second edge portion A2. The floor tile A comprises a plurality of second coupling parts T3L provided at a third edge portion A3, opposite of first edge portion A1, and at a fourth edge portion A4. The first coupling parts G3L can be any type of first coupling part G3L comprising a, preferably single, upward tongue, at least one upward flank lying at a distance from the upward tongue and a single upward groove formed between the upward tongue and the upward flank, according to the invention. The second coupling parts T3L can be any type of second coupling part comprising a, preferably single, downward tongue, at least one downward flank lying at a distance from the downward tongue, and a single downward groove formed between the downward tongue and the downward flank, according to the invention. Tile A has a substantially rectangular design.

[0086] FIG. 7b shows a top view of a schematic representation of a floor tile B according to the invention in a second possible arrangement. The floor tile B is a mirror image of the floor tile A shown in FIG. 7a. The floor tile B comprises a plurality of first coupling parts G3L provided at a third edge portion B3 of the tile B and at a second edge portion B2. The floor tile B comprises a plurality of second coupling parts T3L provided at a first edge portion B1 and at a fourth edge portion B4. Tile B has a substantially rectangular design.

[0087] FIG. 7c shows a top view of a second embodiment of a floor tile C, which has a similar arrangement as the floor tile B shown in FIG. 7b. However the size of tile C differs from the size of tile B. Tile C has a substantially square design.

[0088] Due to the specific arrangement of first coupling parts G3L and second coupling parts T3L, it is possible to create a wide range of possible configurations of tile systems according to the invention. FIGS. 7d-h show examples of possible embodiments of configurations of floor tile systems consisting of mutually coupled tiles A and B and/or C. The tiles A, B, C are configured to co-act in such manner that coupled tiles are substantially locked both in a direction parallel to the plane defined by the tiles as well as in a direction perpendicular to said place defined by the tiles. Tiles with corresponding reference numbers are identical.

[0089] FIG. 7d shows a top view of a schematic representation of a first configuration of a tile system 700d according to the invention, comprising a plurality of floor tiles A, B, C as shown in FIGS. 7a-c. Each substantially square tile C is coupled with multiple substantially rectangular tiles A, B. The tiles can possibly include a design pattern or a decorative appearance at the upper surface of the tile. The design of the tiles can for example be chosen such that the rectangular tiles A, B have a different design than the square tiles C. The tile system 700d shows that the rectangular tiles A, B may for instance form a grout frame around the square tiles C.

[0090] FIG. 7e shows a top view of a schematic representation of a second configuration of a tile system 700e according to the invention, comprising a plurality of floor tiles A, B as shown in FIGS. 7a-b. The first edge portions A1 and the third edge portions A3 of each vertical oriented floor tile A are connected with a plurality of horizontal oriented floor tiles B.

[0091] FIG. 7f shows a top view of a schematic representation of a third configuration of a tile system 700f according to the invention, comprising a plurality of floor tiles A, B as shown in FIGS. 7a-b. The figure shows a herringbone structure.

[0092] FIG. 7g shows a top view of a schematic representation of a fourth configuration of a tile system 700g according to the invention comprising a plurality of floor tiles A, B as shown in FIGS. 7a-b. A plurality of series of six A-type floor tiles is connected to a plurality of series of six perpendicular oriented B-type floor tiles, thereby forming a chessboard pattern.

[0093] FIG. 7h shows a top view of a schematic representation of a fifth possible configuration of a tile system 700h according to the invention comprising a plurality of floor tiles A, B as shown in FIGS. 7a-b.

[0094] FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation of a floor tile 801 comprising a plurality of grooves 860a, 860b. The floor tile 801 comprises a substantially rigid base layer 802 and an upper substrate layer 820. The grooves 860a, 860b are V-shaped grooves which are located in the base layer 802. The grooves facilitate bending and/or folding of the tile 801 at inside and outside corners of intersecting support surfaces of a tile (not shown). The grooves 860a, 860b can be positioned at any preferred location of the tile 801. The shape of the grooves 860a, 860b can be of any preferred design, however the depth of the grooves 860a, 860b should not extend past the upper surface of the rigid base layer 802. In the shown embodiment the floor tile 801 comprises a first coupling part 803 and a second coupling part 804, which are equal to the coupling parts shown in FIG. 1.

[0095] Although the figures disclose various embodiments according to the invention, the features of the embodiments may be combined where appropriate, all falling within the intended scope of the invention. One could for instance imaging the use of various coupling parts in the tile systems or interchange the coupling parts between the different embodiments. One could also image to omit the application of a substantially rigid base layer at least partially made of a closed cell foam plastic material; instead, another type of, preferably rigid, base layer could be used in each tile, which alternative base layer may be made, for example, of at least one material selected from the group consisting of: MDF, HDF, synthetic material, such as a thermoplastic like polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a composite material, in particular a dust-(thermo)plastic-composite, a non-foamed plastic material, a mineral material and/or a thermoplastic material which is enriched with one or more additives. Here, the expression dust is understood is small dust-like particles (powder), like wood dust, cork dust, or non-wood dust, like mineral dust, stone powder, in particular cement. By combining bamboo dust, wood dust, or cork dust, or combination thereof, with for example high density polyethylene (HDPE), or polyvinylchloride (virgin, recycled, or a mixture thereof), a rigid and inert core is provided that does not absorb moisture and does not expand or contract, resulting in peaks and gaps. Although tile commonly has a laminated structure (multi-layer structure), the tile according to the invention may also be formed by a single layer tile.

[0096] Hence, the above-described inventive concepts are illustrated by several illustrative embodiments. It is conceivable that individual inventive concepts may be applied without, in so doing, also applying other details of the described example. It is not necessary to elaborate on examples of all conceivable combinations of the above-described inventive concepts, as a person skilled in the art will understand numerous inventive concepts can be (re)combined in order to arrive at a specific application.

[0097] It will be apparent that the invention is not limited to the working examples shown and described herein, but that numerous variants are possible within the scope of the attached claims that will be obvious to a person skilled in the art.

[0098] The verb comprise and conjugations thereof used in this patent publication are understood to mean not only comprise, but are also understood to mean the phrases contain, substantially consist of, formed by and conjugations thereof.