ARRANGEMENT IN AN ELEVATOR FOR STOPPING UNCONTROLLED MOVEMENT OF THE ELEVATOR CAR

Abstract

Arrangement in an elevator for stopping uncontrolled movement of an elevator car, which elevator comprises at least an elevator car (1) arranged to move reciprocally in the elevator hoistway along guide rails (1a), and means for stopping uncontrolled movement of the elevator car (1). The arrangement according to the invention comprises an arrester (4, 5) separate from the guide rails (1a) of the elevator car (1) and independent of the suspension of the elevator car (1).

Claims

1. Arrangement in an elevator for stopping uncontrolled movement of an elevator car, which elevator comprises at least an elevator car arranged to move reciprocally in the elevator hoistway along guide rails, and means for stopping uncontrolled movement of the elevator car, wherein the arrangement comprises an arrester separate from the guide rails of the elevator car and independent of the suspension of the elevator car.

2. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the means for stopping uncontrolled movement of the elevator car comprise a stopper means rotatable around its axis of rotation from the effect of the movement of the elevator car, the rotational movement of which stopper means is arranged to be stopped after the speed of movement of the elevator car has increased to be higher than a predefined speed.

3. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the stopper means is mounted rotatably on bearings on the elevator car and connected at its outer rim to the arrester in such a way that when the elevator car moves, the stopper means follows the arrester and receives its rotational movement from the arrester.

4. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the arrangement comprises a brake for stopping rotational movement of the stopper means.

5. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the arrester is flexible.

6. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein there are at least two arresters and they are disposed essentially symmetrically with respect to the elevator car in such a way that both arresters are fixed at their first end above the elevator car and at their second end below the elevator car.

7. Arrangement according to claim 6, wherein the first arrester is fixed at its first end to its first fixing point in the top part of the elevator hoistway and at its second end to its second fixing point in the bottom part of the elevator hoistway in such a way that the first arrester is at the point of the elevator car and above it on the first side of the elevator car and below the elevator car on the second side of the elevator car, and in that the second arrester is fixed at its first end to its first fixing point in the top part of the elevator hoistway and at its second end to its second fixing point in the bottom part of the elevator hoistway in such a way that the second arrester is at the point of the elevator car and above it on the second side of the elevator car and below the elevator car on the first side of the elevator car.

8. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the arrester is a chain and the stopper means is a sprocket wheel.

9. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the arrester is a belt, preferably a V-belt, and the stopper means is a belt wheel or belt gripper.

10. Arrangement according to claim 9, wherein the arrester is a toothed belt and the stopper means is a cogged belt pulley.

11. Arrangement according to claim 9, wherein the arrester is a V-belt.

12. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the arrester is a steel wire rope and the stopper means is a rope pulley or rope gripper.

13. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the overspeed governor is connected to rotate along with the stopper means.

Description

[0013] In the following, the invention will be described in more detail by the aid of an example of its embodiment with reference to the simplified and diagrammatic drawings attached, wherein

[0014] FIG. 1 presents a diagrammatic and simplified side view of a part of one elevator provided with an arrangement according to the invention for preventing uncontrolled movement,

[0015] FIG. 2 presents a diagrammatic, simplified, magnified and sectioned side view of the structure of the arrangement according to FIG. 1 for preventing uncontrolled movement, the arrangement being on the bottom part of the elevator car,

[0016] FIG. 3 presents a simplified and magnified view of a safety gear means according to the invention, sectioned along the sectioning line A-A of FIG. 1, and

[0017] FIG. 4 presents a simplified and magnified view of one half of a safety gear means according to the invention, sectioned along the sectioning line B-B of FIG. 3.

[0018] FIG. 1 presents a diagrammatic and simplified side view of an elevator car 1 in one elevator according to the invention, the elevator being provided with a new prevention arrangement 3 for uncontrolled movement, instead of a safety gear solution according to prior art, the new prevention arrangement 3 being arranged to stop uncontrolled movement of the elevator car 1. In the solution according to the embodiment the elevator car 1 traveling on its guide rails 1a is suspended from the suspension ropes 2, which suspension ropes 2 can also function as the moving means of the elevator car 1. For the sake of clarity only a part of the guide rails 1a of the elevator car 1 are presented in FIG. 1, and the other normal components of the elevator are not presented at all.

[0019] In addition to the elevator car 1, FIG. 1 also presents a prevention arrangement 3 for uncontrolled movement of the elevator car 1, the arrangement comprising a safety gear means 3a provided with a stopper means 6 rotating round its center axis and with a brake, a freely rotating diverting means 9 as well as at least two flexible, essentially immobile, arresters 4 and 5, which function as movement transmission means. The arresters 4 and 5 are arranged to travel below the elevator car 1 crosswise to each other and thus to support the elevator car as evenly as possible.

[0020] The stopper means 6 is arranged to be in contact with an essentially immobile arrester 4, 5 and to receive through this contact its rotational movement from the arrester 4, 5 when the elevator car 1 moves and simultaneously carries the stopper means 6.

[0021] In a gripping situation, the rotational movement of the stopper means 6 is stopped in a controlled manner by means of the brake. Preferably the stopping is implemented at a deceleration that does not cause harm to passengers in the elevator car 1. The arrangement 3 according to the invention for preventing uncontrolled movement of an elevator car 1 is separate from and independent of the supports of the elevator car 1 and does not rest on the guide rails 1a of the elevator car 1.

[0022] In a solution according to one preferred embodiment of the invention the flexible arresters 4 and 5 are toothed belts, the rotating stopper means 6 are cogged belt pulleys, and the rotating diverting means 9 are diverting pulleys with smooth surfaces. Hereinafter in this description when referring to the aforementioned means, the terms according to a preferred embodiment of them will be used.

[0023] Both the crisscross toothed belts 4, 5 of the arrangement 3 for stopping uncontrolled movement of an elevator car 1 are arranged to travel over a cogged belt pulley 6 and a diverting pulley 9 when the elevator car 1 moves upwards and downwards on its guide rails 1a. The cogged belt pulley 6 is arranged to function in a gripping situation as a means stopping uncontrolled movement of the elevator car 1, which means stops the elevator car 1 on the toothed belts 4, 5 functioning as arresters.

[0024] The first toothed belt 4 is fixed at its first end via a flexible fixing means to its first fixing point 4a, e.g. to the roof of the elevator hoistway or to the top part of the elevator hoistway, from which fixing point 4a the toothed belt 4 is led downwards and to pass under the first cogged belt pulley 6 of the safety gear means 3a on the bottom part of the elevator car 1, after which the first toothed belt 4 is led over the first diverting pulley 9 on the bottom part of the elevator car 1, e.g. on the corner of the elevator car 1 opposite the first cogged belt pulley 6, and after passing around the first diverting pulley 9 to continue its journey downwards to its fixing point 4b of the second end in the bottom part of the elevator hoistway, e.g. to the floor of the elevator hoistway, to which the first toothed belt 4 is fixed at its second end via a flexible fixing means. In this way, the toothed belt 4 is at the point of the elevator car 1 and above it on the first side of the elevator car 1, and below the elevator car 1 on the second side of the elevator car 1.

[0025] Correspondingly, the second toothed belt 5 is fixed at its second end via a flexible fixing means to its second fixing point 5b in the bottom part of the elevator hoistway, e.g. to the floor of the elevator hoistway, from which fixing point 5b the second toothed belt 5 is led upwards and to pass over the second cogged belt pulley 6 of the safety gear means 3a on the bottom part of the elevator car 1, after which the second toothed belt 5 is led under the second diverting pulley 9 on the bottom part of the elevator car 1, e.g. on the corner of the elevator car 1 opposite the second cogged belt pulley 6, and after passing around the bottom of the diverting pulley 9 to continue its journey upwards to its fixing point 5a of the first end in the top part of the elevator hoistway, e.g. on the roof of the elevator hoistway, to which the second toothed belt 5 is fixed at its first end via a flexible fixing means. In this way, the toothed belt 5 is at the point of the elevator car 1 and above it on the second side of the elevator car 1, and below the elevator car 1 on the first side of the elevator car 1.

[0026] FIG. 2 presents a diagrammatic, simplified, magnified and sectioned side view of the structure of the arrangement 3 according to FIG. 1 for preventing uncontrolled movement of the elevator car 1, the arrangement being on the bottom part of the elevator car 1. The prevention arrangement 3 in FIG. 2 is sectioned in such a way that in the safety gear means 3a only the brake disc 7 and brake caliper 8 of the brake 3b of the first toothed belt 4 is shown as well as the cogged belt pulley 6 of the second toothed belt 5, behind which cogged belt pulley is the cogged belt pulley 6 of the first toothed belt 4. The brake discs 7 and cogged belt pulleys 6 of both toothed belts 4, 5 are on a common shaft 10 and rotate at the same speed and in the same direction along with the shaft 10, which shaft 10 is mounted on bearings e.g. on the frame of the brake 3b or on some other suitable place on the bottom part of the elevator car 1, e.g. on the bottom corner of the elevator car 1.

[0027] On the bottom part of the elevator car 1, e.g. on the bottom corner of the elevator car 1 opposite the safety gear means 3a, is a diverting pulley assembly comprising either one common smooth-surfaced diverting pulley 9 for both toothed belts 4 and 5 or one smooth-surfaced diverting pulley 9 for each toothed belt. The diverting pulley or diverting pulleys 9 are preferably fixed to one axis of rotation 11, which is mounted on bearings in a suitable location on the bottom part of the elevator car 1.

[0028] FIG. 2 also presents the distribution of gripping forces F in the toothed belts 4 and 5 on different sides of the elevator car 1. Since gripping occurs with one safety gear means 3a, the same gripping force acts on the cogged belt pulley 6 of both toothed belts 4 and 5, so that also exactly the same gripping force F=F.sub.1=F.sub.2=F.sub.3 acts on both toothed belts 4 and 5. In this case, therefore, F.sub.1=F.sub.3, so no one-sided gripping can occur.

[0029] FIGS. 3 and 4 present a simplified, magnified and appropriately sectioned safety gear means 3a according to the invention. FIG. 3 presents a safety gear means 3a according to the invention sectioned along the sectioning line A-A of FIG. 1, however in such a way that for the sake of clarity the brake calipers 8 are not sectioned. Correspondingly, FIG. 4 presents one half of a safety gear means 3a according to the invention sectioned along the sectioning line B-B of FIG. 3.

[0030] In the embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4, each toothed belt 4 and 5 has its own cogged belt pulley 6 and its own brake 3b with brake disc 7 and brake caliper 8. The cogged belt pulleys 6 and brake discs 7 are fixed by means of a key 12 to rotate along with their common axis of rotation 10 rotated by the toothed belts 4 and 5 when the elevator car 1 moves. It is essential that both cogged belt pulleys 6 always rotate at the same speed and that an equal gripping force is always exerted on them. The brake calipers 8 provided with brake pads are fixed non-rotatably to the frame of the brake 3b or to some other suitable location.

[0031] Instead of the separate cogged belt pulleys 6 and brakes 3b presented above, the toothed belts 4 and 5 can advantageously have only one common cogged belt pulley 6, and also only one common brake 3b with brake disc 7 and brake caliper 8.

[0032] The arrangement according to the invention also comprises an overspeed governor for movement of the elevator car 1, which overspeed governor for the sake of clarity is not, however, presented. Preferably, the operation of the overspeed governor is based on centrifugal force. The overspeed governor can be a conventional overspeed governor used in elevators.

[0033] In one preferred solution according to the invention, the overspeed governor is connected directly to the brake 3b of the safety gear means 3a and to the rotating parts of the safety gear means 3a, e.g. either to the brake discs 7, to the cogged belt pulleys 6 or to their common axis of rotation 10. In such a case, a separate rope for the overspeed governor is not needed in centrifugal triggering for stopping uncontrolled movement of the elevator car. The overspeed governor is connected to the rotating parts of the safety gear means 3a moving along with the elevator car 1 to rotate in such a way that the centrifugal weights rotate at the same speed as the axis of rotation 10. If the speed of the elevator car 1 increases to become higher than a predefined limit speed, the speed of rotation of the shaft 10 also increases to such that the centrifugal weights cause so-called centrifugal triggering, which activates the brake 3b of the safety gear means 3a. In such a case, uncontrolled movement of the elevator car 1 stops in a controlled manner as a result of the brake 3b.

[0034] One way to activate the brake 3b of the safety gear means 3a when centrifugal triggering has occurred is such that the cogged belt pulleys 6 rotating the safety gear means 3a are arranged to produce pressure or force that is transmitted to the brake 3b of the safety gear means 3a, whereby the brake pads of the brake caliper 8 press against the brake discs 7 of the brake 3b. The speed of the centrifugal triggering can preferably be adjusted e.g. electrically.

[0035] Alternatively, the brake pads of the brake caliper 8 can be pressed against the brake discs 7 by means of springs. In such a case, the brakes must be opened by means of an electromagnet, fluid pressure or air pressure, so the arrangement must have a power supply or pressure accumulator for producing opening energy during rescue operations.

[0036] What is essential in the solution according to the invention is that arrester is separate from the guide rails 1a of the elevator car 1, in which case gripping, i.e. stopping uncontrolled movement of the elevator car 1, does not stress the guide rails 1a of the elevator car 1. The arrester is preferably e.g. the aforementioned toothed belt arrangement, in which two toothed belts 4 and 5 are disposed crisscrossing each other to travel from below the trajectory of the elevator car 1 to above the trajectory and to rotate a cogged belt pulley 6 fitted to move along with the elevator car 1 when the elevator car 1 moves, the cogged belt pulley being in tooth contact with a toothed belt 4, 5. Rotation of the cogged belt pulley 6 is stopped in a gripping situation on the basis of triggering of the overspeed governor traveling along with the elevator car 1. Controlled stopping of the cogged belt pulley 6 is implemented by means of a brake 3b, e.g. a disc brake.

[0037] It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that the invention is not limited solely to the examples described above, but that it may be varied within the scope of the claims presented below. Thus, for example, the arrangement according to the invention can be different to what is presented above.

[0038] It is also obvious to the person skilled in the art that the arrester of the elevator car can be some other suitable structure, e.g. a flexible chain, such as a transmission chain, suited to the purpose, instead of a toothed belt. In such a case, instead of cogged belt pulleys, the stopper means and diverting means will be e.g. a sprocket wheel.

[0039] It is also obvious to the person skilled in the art that instead of a toothed belt the arrester of the elevator car can be a steel wire rope or some other belt than a toothed belt, e.g. a V-belt, in which case the stopper means is adapted to be suitable for his belt.

[0040] A person skilled in the art will understand that instead of a round stopper means the invention can use also some other type of stopper means, e.g. a gripper, e.g. a rope gripper, compressively gripping the arrester.