Abstract
Intermediate for the production of a projectile in particular a deformable bullet, consisting of a ductile blank, which is cold-formed into the intermediate by means of pressing, a cylindrical solid base end section and a press end section with a central press recess incorporated by means of pressing and a wall limiting the press recess to form an ogival shaped tip, wherein the wall is formed with at least two slots extending in the axial direction of the intermediate, which separate at least two prongs in the circumferential direction of the intermediate, wherein the at least two slots extend by more than 10% of an axial total longitudinal extension of the intermediate from the wall end towards the base end section.
Claims
1. A projectile, comprising a cylindrical solid base end section and a press end section with a central press recess incorporated by means of pressing, and a wall limiting the press recess, which is formed into an ogival shaped tip having an opening at a tip of the ogival shaped tip, wherein the wall is formed with at least two through slots, which limit at least two structurally separated wall sections in a circumferential direction, and wherein the cylindrical solid base end section and the press end section are formed as a single piece, and wherein adjacent lateral edges of the wall sections lie opposite one another with a gap of less than 2 mm or at least partially make contact with each other in the circumferential direction.
2. The projectile according to claim 1, in which the projectile is made from an intermediate comprising a ductile blank, which is cold-formed into the intermediate by means of pressing, the intermediate comprising a cylindrical solid base end section and a press end section with a central press recess incorporated by means of the pressing and a wall limiting the press recess to form an ogival shaped tip, wherein the wall is formed with at least two slots extending in an axial direction of the intermediate, which separate at least two prongs in a circumferential direction of the intermediate, wherein the at least two slots extend by more than 10% of an axial total longitudinal extent of the intermediate from the wall end in a direction of the base end section, by being cold-formed in such a way that the at least two prongs separated in circumferential direction are folded onto one another to form the ogive section so that an opening at the tip of the ogive section is centred relative to a longitudinal axis (A) of the projectile.
3. The projectile according to claim 1, in which a contact length of adjacent wall sections at their lateral edges is over 20% of a total length of the lateral edges from a tip of the respective ogive section towards a slotted base, and there is a contact of the lateral edges along approximately the total length of the lateral edges except a region of less than 2 mm in the region of the slotted base.
4. A method for manufacturing a projectile according to claim 1, wherein a blank made of a ductile material is inserted into a cylindrical die and a press head formed according to a blade of a slotted screwdriver, wherein the maximum diameter of the blade is greater than the calibre of the projectile, is inserted into the die for creating the intermediate of the projectile and the blank is cold-formed to form a central press recess.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the press head is formed according to a blade of an SL-type, a PH-type, or a PZ-type slotted screwdriver.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the blank is made of copper.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the press head consists of a hardened material with a hardness greater than 55 HV 5.
8. The projectile according to claim 1, wherein adjacent lateral edges of the wall sections lie opposite one another with a gap of less than 1 mm.
9. The projectile according to claim 1, wherein adjacent lateral edges of the wall sections at least partially make contact with each other in the circumferential direction.
10. The projectile according to claim 1, wherein the opening centred at a tip of the ogive section has a maximum diameter of less than 10% of the calibre of the projectile defined by the base end section.
11. The projectile according to claim 1, wherein the opening centred at a tip of the ogive section has a maximum diameter of less than 5% of the calibre of the projectile defined by the base end section.
12. The projectile according to claim 1, wherein adjacent lateral edges of the wall sections lie opposite one another with a gap of less than 2 mm.
13. A projectile, consisting of a ductile material, wherein the projectile has a structure dimensioned and shaped in such a way that, after being fired into a gelatinous mass the projectile hits into and is caught, being stuck in it is deformed in such a way that at least two prongs radially bent outwards and bent back in the projectile longitudinal direction from a cylindrical, solid base end section are formed, wherein two other identically or similarly shaped teeth protruding from the base end section are formed between the at least two bent-back prongs, wherein the radial extension of the at least two teeth is less than that of the at least two prongs, wherein the base end section has a deformation-side central recess, from which the at least two prongs and the at least two teeth are radially bent outwards.
14. The projectile according to claim 13, in which the at least two prongs and/or the at least two teeth have a central reinforcement, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the respective prong and/or the respective tooth from the central recess, which reinforcement is realized by means of a material accumulation, and/or in which a radial constriction is formed between a prong and the adjacent tooth, which separates the adjacent tooth and prong.
Description
(1) Further characteristics, advantages and features of the invention are illustrated by the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention on the basis of the enclosed drawings which show in the following:
(2) FIG. 1 a perspective view of an intermediate of the invention for manufacturing a projectile according to the invention in accordance with a preferred embodiment;
(3) FIG. 2 a top view of the intermediate in accordance with FIG. 1;
(4) FIG. 3 a cross-sectional view along the section line III-III in accordance with FIG. 2;
(5) FIG. 4 a cross-sectional view of the intermediate along section line IV-IV in accordance with FIG. 2;
(6) FIG. 5 a lateral view of a projectile according to the invention in a preferred embodiment based on the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 1 to 4;
(7) FIG. 6 a top view of the projectile in accordance with FIG. 5;
(8) FIG. 7 a cross-sectional view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 5 and 6;
(9) FIG. 8 a perspective view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 5 to 7;
(10) FIG. 1.1 a perspective view of an intermediate of the invention for manufacturing a projectile according to the invention in accordance with a further preferred embodiment;
(11) FIG. 2.1 a top view of the intermediate in accordance with FIG. 1.1
(12) FIG. 3.1 a cross-sectional view along section line III-III in accordance with FIG. 2.1;
(13) FIG. 4.1 a cross-sectional view of the intermediate along section lines IV-IV to FIG. 2.1;
(14) FIG. 5.1 a top view of a projectile according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment based on the intermediate according to the invention in accordance with FIGS. 1.1 to 4.1;
(15) FIG. 6.1 a cross-sectional view of the projectile along section line VI-VI in accordance with FIG. 5.1; and
(16) FIG. 7.1 a perspective view of the projectile in accordance with the FIGS. 5.1 and 6.1;
(17) FIG. 9 a top view of a tool according to the invention for manufacturing the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 1 to 4 or the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 5 to 8;
(18) FIG. 10 a cross-sectional view of the tool along the section line X-X;
(19) FIG. 11 a perspective view of the tool in accordance with FIGS. 9 and 10;
(20) FIG. 12 a cross-sectional view of the tool along the section line XII-XII in accordance with FIG. 9;
(21) FIG. 13 a perspective view of an intermediate according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment;
(22) FIG. 14 a top view of the intermediate in accordance with FIG. 13;
(23) FIG. 15 a cross-sectional view of the intermediate along the section line XV-XV to FIG. 14;
(24) FIG. 16 a cross-sectional view of the intermediate along the section line XVI-XVI to FIG. 14;
(25) FIG. 17 a lateral view of a projectile according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment on the basis of the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 13 to 16;
(26) FIG. 18 a top view on the projectile according to the invention in accordance with FIG. 17;
(27) FIG. 19 a cross-sectional view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 17 and 18;
(28) FIG. 20 a perspective view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 17 to 19;
(29) FIG. 21 a top view of a tool according to the invention for manufacturing the intermediate according to the invention in accordance with FIGS. 13 to 16 of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 17 to 20 in a further embodiment according to the invention.
(30) FIG. 22 a cross-sectional view of the tool along the section line Z-Z in accordance with FIG. 21;
(31) FIG. 23 a perspective view of the tool in accordance with FIGS. 21 and 22;
(32) FIG. 24 a cross-sectional view of the tool along the section line Y-Y in accordance with FIG. 21;
(33) FIG. 25 a perspective view of an intermediate according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment;
(34) FIG. 26 a top view of the intermediate in accordance with FIG. 25;
(35) FIG. 27 a perspective view of the intermediate along section line X-X in accordance with FIG. 26;
(36) FIG. 28 a cross-sectional view of the intermediate along the section line Y-Y in accordance with FIG. 26;
(37) FIG. 29 a perspective view of a projectile according to the invention according to a further preferred embodiment based on the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 25 to 28;
(38) FIG. 30 a top view of the projectile according to the invention in accordance with FIG. 29;
(39) FIG. 31 a cross-sectional view of the projectile according to the invention in accordance with FIGS. 29 and 30;
(40) FIG. 32 a perspective view of the projectile according to the invention in accordance with FIGS. 29 to 31;
(41) FIG. 33 a top view on a tool according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment for manufacturing the intermediate according to the invention in accordance with FIGS. 25 to 28 or the projectile in accordance with FIG. 29 to 32;
(42) FIG. 34 a cross-sectional view of the tool along the section line Z-Z in accordance with FIG. 33;
(43) FIG. 35 a perspective view of the tool in accordance with FIGS. 33 and 34;
(44) FIG. 36 a cross-sectional view of the tool along the section line Y-Y in accordance with FIG. 33;
(45) FIG. 37 a perspective view of an intermediate according to the invention in further preferred embodiment;
(46) FIG. 38 a top view of the intermediate in accordance with FIG. 37;
(47) FIG. 39 a cross-sectional view of the intermediate along the section line X-X in accordance with FIG. 38;
(48) FIG. 40 a cross-sectional view of the intermediate along the section line Z-Z to FIG. 38;
(49) FIG. 41 a lateral view of a projectile according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment on the basis of the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 37 to 40;
(50) FIG. 42 a top view of the projectile in accordance with FIG. 41;
(51) FIG. 43 a cross-sectional view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 41 and 42;
(52) FIG. 44 a perspective view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 41 to 43;
(53) FIG. 45 a top view on a tool according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment for forming the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 37 to 40 or FIGS. 1.1 to 4.1 or the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 41 to 44 or FIGS. 5.1 to 7.1;
(54) FIG. 46 a cross-sectional view along the X-X section line in accordance with FIG. 45;
(55) FIG. 47 a perspective view of the tool in accordance with FIGS. 45 and 46;
(56) FIG. 48 a cross-sectional view of the tool along the section line Z-Z in accordance with FIG. 45;
(57) FIG. 49 a perspective view of an intermediate according to the invention in accordance with a further preferred embodiment;
(58) FIG. 50 a top view of the intermediate in accordance with FIG. 49;
(59) FIG. 51 a cross-sectional view along the section line Z-Z in accordance with FIG. 50;
(60) FIG. 52 a cross-sectional view along the section line to FIG. 50, which is rotated by 45° with relation to the axis Z-Z in accordance with FIG. 50;
(61) FIG. 53 a top view of a tool according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment for manufacturing the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 49 to 52;
(62) FIG. 54 a cross-sectional view of the tool along the section line Z-Z in accordance with FIG. 53;
(63) FIG. 55 a perspective view of the tool in accordance with FIGS. 53 to 54;
(64) FIG. 56 a lateral view of a projectile according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment on the basis of the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 49 to 52;
(65) FIG. 57 a top view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 56 and 57;
(66) FIG. 58 a cross-sectional view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 56 and 57;
(67) FIG. 59 a perspective view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 56 to 58;
(68) FIG. 60 a perspective view of an intermediate according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment;
(69) FIG. 61 a top view of the intermediate in accordance with FIG. 60;
(70) FIG. 62 a cross-sectional view along the section line Y-Y in accordance with FIG. 61;
(71) FIG. 63 a sectional view along a section line rotated by 60° with respect to the section line Y-Y in accordance with FIG. 61;
(72) FIG. 64 a top view of a tool according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment for manufacturing an intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 60 to 63;
(73) FIG. 65 a cross-sectional view along the section line Y-Y in accordance with FIG. 64;
(74) FIG. 66 a top view on a tool rotated by 60° in accordance with FIG. 64;
(75) FIG. 67 a cross-sectional view along the section line X-X in accordance with FIG. 66;
(76) FIG. 68 a perspective view of the tool in accordance with FIGS. 64 to 67;
(77) FIG. 69 a perspective top view of a deformed projectile according to the invention after being fired based an intact projectile in accordance with FIGS. 17 to 20;
(78) FIG. 70a a perspective view of the deformed projectile in accordance with FIG. 69;
(79) FIG. 71 a lateral view of the projectile according to the invention in accordance with FIGS. 69 and 70;
(80) FIG. 72 a perspective view of an intermediate according to the invention in a further embodiment for manufacturing a partial fragmentation bullet in accordance with a preferred embodiment;
(81) FIG. 73 a top view of the intermediate in accordance with FIG. 72;
(82) FIG. 74 a cross-sectional view along the section line III-III in accordance with FIG. 73;
(83) FIG. 75 a cross-sectional view of the intermediate along the section line N-N in accordance with FIG. 73;
(84) FIG. 76 a lateral view of the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 72 to 75;
(85) FIG. 77 another lateral view of the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 72 to 76;
(86) FIG. 78 a perspective view of a projectile according to the invention in a first construction in accordance with a preferred embodiment on the basis of the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 72 to 77, wherein dashed lines should not indicate visible edges from the outside;
(87) FIG. 79 a top view of the projectile in accordance with FIG. 78;
(88) FIG. 80 a perspective view of the projectile according to the FIGS. 78 and 79, wherein the lines are left out;
(89) FIG. 81 a cross-sectional view of the projectile along the section lines in N-N in accordance with FIG. 79;
(90) FIG. 82 a lateral view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 78 to 81;
(91) FIG. 83 a perspective view of a projectile according to the invention in a second embodiment on the basis of the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 72-77 and the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 78-82, wherein the dashed lines show edges that are not visible from the outside;
(92) FIG. 84 a perspective view of the projectile in accordance with FIG. 83 without dashed lines;
(93) FIG. 85 a top view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 83 and 84;
(94) FIG. 86 a cross-sectional view of the projectile along the section lines IV-IV in accordance with FIG. 85;
(95) FIG. 87 a lateral view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 83 to 87;
(96) FIG. 88 a perspective view of an intermediate according to the invention for manufacturing a partial fragmentation bullet according to the invention with two separate core components in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;
(97) FIG. 89 a top view of the intermediate in accordance with FIG. 88;
(98) FIG. 90 a cross-sectional view of the intermediate along section lines IV-IV in accordance with FIG. 89;
(99) FIG. 91 a cross-sectional view of the projectile along the section lines III-III in accordance with FIG. 89;
(100) FIG. 92 a lateral view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 88 to 91;
(101) FIG. 93 another lateral view of the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 88 to 92;
(102) FIG. 94 a perspective view of a projectile according to the invention in a first embodiment on the basis of the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 88-92;
(103) FIG. 95 a top view of the projectile in accordance with FIG. 94;
(104) FIG. 96 a perspective view of the projectile in accordance with the FIGS. 94 and 95;
(105) FIG. 97 a cross-sectional view of the projectile along the section lines N-N in accordance with FIG. 95;
(106) FIG. 98 a lateral view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 94-97;
(107) FIG. 99 a perspective view of a projectile according to the invention in a second embodiment on the basis of the intermediate according to the invention in accordance with FIGS. 88 to 93, wherein the invisible edges of the projectile are shown with dashed lines;
(108) FIG. 100 a perspective view of the projectile in accordance with FIG. 99 without dashed lines;
(109) FIG. 101 a top view of a projectile in accordance with the FIGS. 99 and 100;
(110) FIG. 102 a cross-sectional view of the projectile along the section lines N-N in accordance with FIG. 101;
(111) FIG. 103 a lateral view of the projectile in accordance with the FIGS. 99 to 102;
(112) FIG. 104 a perspective view of an intermediate of the invention for manufacturing a projectile according to the invention, such as a partial fragmentation bullet, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;
(113) FIG. 105 a top view of the intermediate in accordance with FIG. 104;
(114) FIG. 106 a cross-sectional view along section line IV-IV in accordance with FIG. 105;
(115) FIG. 107 a cross-sectional view along the section line III-III in accordance with FIG. 105;
(116) FIG. 108 a lateral view of the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 104 to 107;
(117) FIG. 109 another lateral view of the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 104 to 108;
(118) FIG. 110 a perspective view of a projectile according to the invention in a first embodiment based on the intermediate according to the invention in accordance with FIGS. 104 to 109, wherein dashed lines indicate edges which are not visible from the outside;
(119) FIG. 111 a top view of the projectile in accordance with FIG. 110;
(120) FIG. 112 a perspective view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 110 and 111;
(121) FIG. 113 a cross-sectional view of the section lines IV-IV in accordance with FIG. 111;
(122) FIG. 114 a lateral view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 110 to 113;
(123) FIG. 115 a perspective view of a projectile according to the invention in a second embodiment on the basis of the intermediate according to the invention in accordance with FIGS. 104 to 109, wherein dashed lines indicate edges that are not visible from the outside;
(124) FIG. 116 a perspective view of the projectile in accordance with FIG. 51 without a line;
(125) FIG. 117 a top view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 115 and 116;
(126) FIG. 118 a cross-sectional view of the projectile along section line IV-IV in accordance with FIG. 117;
(127) FIG. 119 a lateral view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 115 to 117;
(128) FIG. 120 a perspective view of an intermediate of the invention for manufacturing a projectile according to the invention, such as a partial fragmentation bullet, in a preferred embodiment;
(129) FIG. 121 a top view of an intermediate in accordance with FIG. 120;
(130) FIG. 122 a cross-sectional view of the intermediate along section line IV-IV to FIG. 121;
(131) FIG. 123 a cross-sectional view of the intermediate along the section line III-III in accordance with FIG. 121;
(132) FIG. 124 a lateral view of the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 120 to 123;
(133) FIG. 125 another lateral view of the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 120 to 124;
(134) FIG. 126 a perspective view of a projectile according to the invention in a first embodiment on the basis of the intermediate according to the FIGS. 120-125, wherein dashed lines indicate edges that are not visible from the outside;
(135) FIG. 127 a perspective view of the projectile in accordance with FIG. 126 without dashed lines;
(136) FIG. 128 a top view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 126 and 127;
(137) FIG. 129 a cross-sectional view of the projectile along section line IV-IV in accordance with FIG. 128;
(138) FIG. 130 a lateral view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 126-130;
(139) FIG. 131 a perspective view of a projectile according to the invention in a second embodiment on the basis of the intermediate according to the invention in accordance with FIGS. 120-125, wherein dashed lines indicate edges that are not visible from the outside;
(140) FIG. 132 a perspective view of the projectile in accordance with FIG. 131 without a line;
(141) FIG. 133 a top view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 131-132;
(142) FIG. 134 a cross-sectional view of the projectile along section line IV-IV in accordance with FIG. 133; and
(143) FIG. 135 a lateral view of the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 131-134.
(144) In FIG. 1, an example is shown on the basis of a perspective view for an intermediate according to the invention or intermediate product for manufacturing a projectile or bullet of an ammunition according to the invention, in particular, a deformable bullet or partial fragmentation bullet. It should be noted that, for all perspective views, such as FIG. 1, the dashed lines are invisible contour edges in accordance with a perspective view. To better clarify the profile within the intermediate, the invisible contours are dashed.
(145) In FIGS. 1 to 4, the intermediate according to the invention is generally provided with the reference number 1. The intermediate 1 consists of a blank, which is cut to length from a cylindrical rod section and is then inserted into a die, which is not shown in more detail. The blank is then cold-formed to form the design form of the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 1 to 4.
(146) The intermediate 1 comprises a cylindrical, solid base end section 3 with a flat end face 5. The base end section 3 comprises an edge rounding on the flat end face 5 for easy insertion into a case of an ammunition (not shown).
(147) In axial direction A, the base end section 3 passes into a press end section 7, wherein the transition between the base end section 3 and the press end section 7 can be defined by a press recess 11 incorporated into the blank. In the top view in accordance with FIG. 2, it is apparent that, in the axial direction, the press recess has a star shape, in which three slot arms 10a to 10c extend radially from an axial centre (cavity 18 of the projectile 37) radially towards the outer side. These slot arms 10a to 10c form a completely continuous slotting in a wall 12 of the press end section 7, which wall 12 results due to the prongs 13 resulting due to the through slotting 10a to 10c. The slots 10a to 10C completely separate the prongs 13, wherein the slots 10a to 10c extend continuously from the radial outer side of the intermediate 1 towards the recess centre (the cavity 18) at the longitudinal axis A. In a radial cross-section (not shown here in more detail), the prongs 13 are therefore structurally separated by the slotting.
(148) From the recess 11, the cavity 18 (see FIGS. 5 to 8) results, which forms, in particular, during the forming of the prongs 13 into the ogive section 20. During this forming, the cylindrically extending prongs on the outer side are shaped radially inwards in order to form the ogival outer side, wherein the cavity 18, in particular, upon contact of the lateral edges 17 of the prongs 13, is partially closed in the circumferential direction.
(149) In the embodiment in accordance with FIGS. 1 to 4, the press end section 7 comprises three prongs extending from the press end section 13, all of which have essentially the same outer shape and are arranged at equidistant circumference sections of about 1,200 to one another. Each prong 13 at the stage of the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 1 to 4 has a cylindrical outer surface 15, which ends at a lateral edge region 17 of the prong 13, at which, viewed in the circumferential direction, the cylindrical outer surface 15 abruptly ends. A pair of inner flank surfaces 21, 23 extend from the edge region 17 towards the press recess 11, which inner flank surfaces 21, 23, have a convex shape both in the axial direction as well as in the circumferential direction. When viewed in accordance with FIGS. 1 to 4, the shape of the intermediate has the shape of a solid sepal. Each prong 13 runs together from the base end section 3 to a prong tip 25, wherein a circumferential width of each prong 13 continuously decreases starting from one foot of the prong in the transition region to the base end section 3 towards the prong tip 25.
(150) As is apparent in the cross-sectional views of the FIGS. 3 and 4 in particular, each prong 13 comprises a material reinforcement or material accumulation 31 in the region of a centre of the prong 13 in the longitudinal axis progression of the intermediate 1. The material accumulation 31 is responsible for a convex embodiment of the inner side flank surfaces 21, 23 and represents an aspect to achieve a controlled deformation of the projectile 37 resulting from the intermediate 1, in particular, when it is fired into a gelatine block (not shown in more detail) in accordance with the above-mentioned test methods.
(151) The material accumulation 31 extends essentially in a straight line from the prong tip 25 to the prong foot at the transition region to the base end section 3. As is apparent in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, for each of the slots 10a to 10c, a slotted base 33 extends in the radial direction towards a central recess ground 35, wherein the recess ground 35 in the lateral view is lower than the further progression of the slotted bases 33 in the radial direction. The slotted bases 33 rise from the central recess ground 35 in the radial direction. The slotted bases 33 are essentially flat or rounded and are designed for a 9 mm bullet approximately between 0.5 mm to 4 mm or 5 mm wide. The weakening of the intermediate 1 due to the recess 11 incorporated by means of deep-drawing in combination with the subsequent forming in order to form the ogive section 20 causes that, upon impact of the bullet 37 formed from the intermediate 1, for example, in accordance with FIGS. 5 to 8, the material is used as a force deformation joint in the region of the slotted base, since it runs along the connecting line of two adjacent slotted bases 33. The plastic deformation joint allows the prongs to fold 13 radially outwards, as is shown, for example, in the deformed projectile 81 in accordance with FIGS. 69 to 71. The prongs 83 form in a sepal-like manner or extend in tongue-like manner radially towards the outside.
(152) As is apparent in FIG. 3, the slotting 10a to 10c extends from the axial maximum extension of the prong tip 25 up to the base end section 3 across more than 50% of the total length of the intermediate 1.
(153) After the intermediate 1 has been deep-drawn without the need for applying further machining manufacturing measures, the intermediate 1 is ready to be formed into a finished projectile. The forming process for the formation of the projectile 37 mainly consists of forming the press end section 7 with the prongs 13 separated by slots into an ogive section 20. Thereby, the prongs 13 are so radially deformed inwards in such a way that the lateral edges 17 of the prongs 13 enter into or approximately enter into contact, as is shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 8 in particular. In the preferred embodiment in accordance with FIGS. 1 to 8, the lateral edges 17 are brought approximately completely into contact up to a side passage opening 41 in the region of the slotted base 33. The side passage opening 41 can be less than 1 mm in size and includes a triangular, heart or spade shape. In the embodiment in accordance with FIGS. 1 to 8, it is advantageous to keep the side opening 41 as small as possible. The lateral edges 17 are in contact with each other and form (in contrast to the prior art, which teaches exclusively surface indentations or weakening points) adjacent boundary surfaces, which form a separation structure between the prongs 13 lying adjacent to one another. The adjacent lateral edges 17 extend up to the pointed end 43 of the ogive section 20, on which a particularly essentially star-shaped, centred opening 45 is formed, which serves to penetrate a gelatinous mass in the standardized test methods, which causes the desired deformation (in accordance with FIGS. 69 to 71) due to the build-up of a hydraulic pressure. The central opening 45 should thereby be significantly less than 20% of the cylindrical cross-section of the base end section 3. In the case of the projectile 37 shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, the opening cross-section of the opening 45 is about 10% or less of the cylindrical cross-section of the base end section 3.
(154) In the embodiment according to the invention in accordance with FIGS. 1.1 to 7.1 another example of an intermediate 1 is shown, wherein, for better readability of the figure description and to avoid repetitions for identical components of the intermediate 1, the same reference numbers are used as in the case of the embodiment in accordance with FIGS. 1-8. The intermediate 1 differs from the intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 1 to 4 on the one hand in the depth of the insertion of the press recess 11 and in the number of the slot arms on the other, namely having four slot arms 10a to d. The axial depth of the press recess 11 corresponds to about 20-30% of the total longitudinal expansion of the intermediate 1, which is clearly apparent in FIGS. 3.1 and 4.1. In contrast to the embodiment in accordance with FIGS. 1-4, the slot arms 10a to 10d do not form a complete radial breakthrough in the wall 12 of the press end section 7. Rather, the wall 12 is cylindrically closed on the outside due to the slotted bases 9, wherein the wall thickness at the axial end in the region of the press recess 11 is thin. The slotted base 9 runs essentially in a straight line at a constant gradient in the longitudinal direction to a recess ground 35, which is circular/concave. The prongs 13 also flow into the recess ground 35. The prongs 13 have a convex shape on the cavity side with a ridge (material accumulation 31), which extends centrally towards the recess ground 35. The outer surface 15 of the intermediate 1 is completely cylindrical, also at the height of the end face end, at which the press recess 11 is incorporated. The press recess 11 can be incorporated by means of a tool, as is shown in FIGS. 21-24, wherein also other shapes of an embossing die can be used, as it is known in the region of the screwdriver bit shapes (screwhead profile).
(155) After the intermediate 1 has been deep-drawn without the need for applying further machining manufacturing measures, the intermediate 1 is ready to be formed into a finished projectile 37. With regard to the projectile 37 in accordance with FIGS. 5 to 8, the same reference numbers are used for easy readability of the figure description and for the avoidance of repetitions for the same or similar components of the projectile 37. The forming process for the formation of the projectile 37 mainly consists of forming the press end section 7 with the prongs 13 separated by slots into an ogive section 20. Thereby, the prongs 13 are so radially deformed inwards in such a way that the prongs 13 enter into or approximately enter into contact, as is shown in FIGS. 5.1 to 7.1 in particular. In the embodiment in accordance with FIGS. 5.1 to 7.1, the inner flank surfaces are approximately at least largely brought into contact to form a radially completely closed cavity 18, which extends from the recess ground 35 in the axial longitudinal direction to the tip of the projectile 37, at which a funnel-shaped crater recess is formed. In the embodiment in accordance with FIGS. 5.1 to 7.1, the outer surface of the ogive 20 is favourably completely closed. At the pointed end 43 of the ogive section 20, a particularly essentially circular, centred opening 45 is formed, which serves to penetrate a gelatinous mass in the standardized test methods, which causes the desired deformation (in accordance with FIGS. 69 to 71) due to the build-up of a hydraulic pressure. The central opening 45 should thereby be significantly less than 20% of the cylindrical cross-section of the base end section 3. In the case of the projectile 37 shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, the opening cross-section of the opening 45 is about 20% or less of the cylindrical cross-section of the base end section 3. On the base side, the projectile 37 has a small bevel 27 to make it easier to work with an ammunition case.
(156) The following description, an example of a deep-drawing tool to create the intermediate 1 in FIGS. 1 to 4 or the projectile 37 in FIGS. 5 to 8 is explained. In the design according to the invention of the tool for the forming of the intermediate 1, according to the invention, a classical known tool, namely a slotted screwdriver, which is used in the embodiment in accordance with FIGS. 9 to 12, has a three-slot or three-bar blade.
(157) In the following, the press head/tool according to the invention in accordance with FIGS. 9 to 12 is generally provided with reference umber 51, which comprises the deformation bars 53 forming slots 10a to 11c extending radially, which are separated by inner flank surfaces 55, which are designed to be essentially concave in the axial direction as well as in the circumferential direction. The maximum outer diameter of the tool 51 according to the invention in accordance with FIGS. 9 to 12 (also applies to the tools described later) is slightly greater than the calibre of the projectile to be created 37 or the intermediate to be manufactured 1. For example, the size difference is between 1 mm and 2 mm.
(158) As in evident in FIG. 10, the bars 53 are at an angle of 60° to each other in the cross-sectional view. From the top view, it is evident that the bars 53 are arranged in a 120° angle offset to each other, thus forming a point-symmetric structure. The bars run into a central tip 51, which is rounded or spherical.
(159) It has been shown that using the tool 51 according to the invention, namely the press head or the blade of a correspondingly shaped slot screwdriver, a deep-drawing process can be carried out on the blank of ductile material, such as ductile metal, such as copper, a copper alloy, brass or the like, for the formation of the intermediate 51, which does not suffer from the difficulty of the earing, meaning the formation of waves. Extensive post-processing is not necessary when using the tool according to the invention.
(160) Another preferred embodiment of an intermediate 1 according to the invention show FIGS. 13 to 16. For easier readability of the figure description, the same reference numbers for the identical or similar components of intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 1 to 4 used to make the intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 13 to 16.
(161) The intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 13 to 16 differs from that in accordance with FIGS. 1 to 4 by the number of slots 10a to 10d and the number of prongs 13, namely four. As is particularly evident in FIG. 14, the slotted bases 33 extend in a cross-shaped manner from the common recess ground 35 outwards in the radial direction, thereby rising (FIG. 13).
(162) The prongs have a convex, belly-shaped top side towards the press recess 11, which reaches a maximum in the form of the material reinforcement 31. The prongs 13 extend in accordance with the unformed intermediate 1 on the outside cylindrically straight and inside convex slightly inclined outwards towards the prong tips 25.
(163) In FIGS. 17 to 20, the intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 13 to 16 is transformed into a projectile 37, wherein, for better readability compared to the projectile 37 in accordance with FIGS. 5 to 8, the same reference numbers are used for similar or identical components.
(164) Unlike the projectile in accordance with FIGS. 5 to 8, the projectile comprises 37, in accordance with FIGS. 17 to 20, a significantly larger side opening 41, which has a triangular shape, wherein the clear width of the side opening 41 from the slotted base towards the prong tip 25 gradually decreases. The contacting lateral edges 17 of the prongs 13 lie only in the pointed region along a few millimetres, especially in the case of a 9 mm calibre. In this way, the cavity 18 is closed in the short adjacent region in the circumferential direction, while the cavity 18, which results from the press recess 11, is accessible through the four side passage openings 41 laterally and the centred opening 45 axially.
(165) The opening 45 centred in the longitudinal direction of the projectile at the top of the ogive section is essentially square with rounded corners. The cross-sectional surface of the opening 45 is also significantly less than 20%, 15% or 10% of the cylindrical cross-sectional surface of the base end section 3. The small cross-sectional surface prevents that stronger components seal the opening against the gelatinous mass, whereby the gelatinous material cannot penetrate into the cavity 18 in order to build up the hydraulic forces for splitting the prongs 13 there.
(166) The tool 51 according to the invention, using which the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 13 to 16 is provided in FIGS. 21 to 23 with reference number 51. The same and identical components of the tool are provided with the same reference numbers to make it easier to read.
(167) In contrast to the embodiment in accordance with FIGS. 9 to 12, the tool 51 comprises four bars in accordance with FIGS. 21 to 24 for the formation of four slots 10 in the wall of the press end section 7 of the intermediate 1. The four bars 53 are arranged at a right angle to each other. As is apparent in FIG. 23 in particular, the flank surface regions 55 between the bars 53 have a concave shape to form the convex surface shape with the material reinforcement 31 of the intermediate 1.
(168) In FIGS. 25 to 28, another further preferred embodiment of the intermediate 1 according to the invention is shown, wherein, for identical and similar components of the intermediate 1, the same reference numbers are used like in the above-described embodiments.
(169) In contrast to the above embodiments, the intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 25 to 28 only has one slot that extends completely from a radial side to the opposite side through the longitudinal axis centre, which is best apparent in FIG. 26. The slot 10 forms the press recess 11 and divides the wall for enclosing the cavity 18 into two prong sections 13, which tapers to the tip 25 both in the width direction as well as material thickness here. The same also applies to the prongs in accordance with other embodiments, which are described and are still to be described.
(170) In accordance with the top view of FIG. 26 and the cross-sectional view in accordance with FIG. 28, the slotted base 33 is relatively wide and extends on the outer radial side by almost half the diameter of the base end section 3. On the outer side, the slotted base 33 tapers into the recess ground 35, which lies centrally to the longitudinal axis A of the intermediate 1.
(171) As is clearly apparent in FIG. 25, the prongs 13 have a convex shaped inner top side which faces towards the pressing recess 11 and comprises a material reinforcement 31, which, as described above, extends from the prong tip 25 to the recess ground 35.
(172) In contrast to the other embodiments, the slotted base 33 rises particularly with regard to the longitudinal axis A at an angle of about 30 to 60°, approximately between 400 and 50°. The slotted base essentially runs in a straight line towards the outside in a radial manner.
(173) The projectile manufactured, and in particular, formed from the intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 25 to 28 is shown in FIGS. 29 to 32, wherein the same reference numbers are used for the same reference numbers with respect to the projectile description already described above. As is evident in FIGS. 29 to 32, the ogive section comprises 20 large side openings 41, which results from the wide slotted base 33 of the intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 25 to 28. As is also evident, the clear cross-section of the side opening 41 decreases towards the tip of the ogive section 20. It is also evident that there is no contact between the slotted lateral edges 17 even in the region of the centred opening 45. This means that it is not necessary for the lateral edges 17 to make contact in order to form the projectile 37 according to the invention. The bent prongs 13 limit the cavity 18, which is accessible from the centred opening 45 as well as from both side openings 41. Between the lateral edges 17 approximately making contact in the region of the central opening 45, a gap 61 is formed, which should have a width of less than 2 mm or 1 mm.
(174) As is evident in FIG. 30, the central opening 45 in the region of the acute angle of the ogive section 20 essentially has an hourglass shape, wherein the clear cross-section of the opening 45 is significantly less than 20% or 10% of the cylindrical surface of the base end section 3. In the lateral view in accordance with FIG. 29 and the cross-sectional view in accordance with FIG. 31, a special design of the ogive section 20 is apparent, in which a bottle neck shape is provided at the pointed end of the wall, whereby the general ogive section design is different in accordance with the other embodiments.
(175) In FIGS. 33 to 36, another embodiment of the tool 51 according to the invention is shown, wherein, for easier readability, the same reference numbers are used as was the case with the tool embodiments previously described above. The press head 51 in accordance with FIGS. 33 to 36 comprises only two bars 53 for the formation of the two slots 10a and 10b according to the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 25 to 28. The concave flank surfaces 55 can be easily recognized in FIGS. 33 and 35.
(176) The embodiment of the intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 37 to 40 differs from the embodiment of the intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 13 to 16 in that the prong has no purely convex top side facing the press recess 11 but a concave design with a linear material reduction 63 (indentation or crevice), which forms a splitting of the prong into two prong sections 13a and 13b, which each leads into its own prong tip 25a, 25b. The “split” prongs are structurally separated from four narrow slots 10a to 10d.
(177) The intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 37 to 40 has a convex curvature at least in the axial direction but not in circumferential direction due to the material reduction 63.
(178) In FIGS. 41 and 42, the projectile 37 according to the invention is manufactured on the basis of the intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 37 to 40. For better readability of the figure description, the same reference numbers are used for identical and similar components of projectile 37. In the embodiment of the projectile 37 in accordance with FIGS. 41 to 45, the side opening 41 is less than half of the longitudinal extension of the lateral edge 17.
(179) For a large part of the edge of the side 17 there is a contact-like installation of the lateral edges 17 to each other to limit the cavity 18 in the circumferential direction.
(180) In contrast to the embodiments described above, the intermediate 1, at the pointed end of the ogive section 20, comprises a star shape whose clear cross-sectional surface is significantly less than 20% of the cross-sectional surface of the base end section 3. In particular, the cross-sectional surface of the opening is less than 15% or 10%.
(181) The upper final edge in the region of the star-shaped central opening 45 forms the end of the respective prong 13, wherein lateral edges 17 lie on one another, thereby making contact.
(182) In FIGS. 45 to 48, the tool 51 according to the invention, namely the press head, is shown, using which the intermediate 1 should be manufactured in accordance with FIGS. 37 to 40. Similar to the tool in accordance with FIG. 21 to 24, the tool 51 has four bars, wherein the flank surfaces 55 are formed at least in circumferential direction in a convex manner with a ridge 71. The four bars 53 extend at a right angle to each other.
(183) In FIGS. 49 to 52, another intermediate 1 according to the invention is shown with a more complicated, non-axis-symmetric prong structure. The structure of intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 49 to 52, for which the same reference numbers are used for similar and identical portions, as explained above, comprises a press recess 11, which has continuous slots 10. The slots 10a to 10d run radially slightly outside, in particular, tangentially to the recess ground towards the longitudinal axis A of the intermediate 1. The prongs 13 also have a convex top side and grow as a single piece out the base end section 3. They reach a prong tip 25.
(184) The intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 49 to 52 is bent into a projectile 35 in accordance with FIGS. 56 to 59. As is evident, the side openings 41 and the lateral edges 17 of the respective prongs are screw-shaped with respect to the longitudinal axis A, which derives from the non-purely radial slots 10a to 10d of the intermediate 1.
(185) Also, the central opening 45 of the projectile 37 in accordance with FIGS. 56 to 59 has a smaller clear cross-sectional surface than the cylindrical cross-sectional surface of the base end section 3. The clear cross-sectional surface of the central opening 45 is significantly smaller than 20% or 15% or 10%.
(186) The cavity 18 is open to the side via the side openings 41 and via the central opening 45. About half of the axial length of the lateral edges 17 is in contact, so that there the cavity is closed in the circumferential direction. The other half of the lateral edges 17 is spaced for the formation of the side opening 41.
(187) In FIGS. 53 to 55, the tool 51 according to the invention is shown, which is used for manufacturing the intermediate 1 according to the invention. As is particularly evident in FIG. 55, the four bars do not run in the centre through the longitudinal axis of the tool, but slightly offset tangentially to the pointed region 57. Due to this displacement, the slightly twisted shape of the lateral edges 17 and the side opening 41 result.
(188) Ultimately, with FIGS. 60 to 63, a further embodiment of the intermediate 1 according to the invention is shown, wherein, for identical or similar components, the same reference numbers are used. The intermediate 1 comprises three slots 10 a to 11c that run radially, but slightly offset to the longitudinal axis A like the initially described embodiment in accordance with FIGS. 1 to 4. This results in the prongs 13 shown in FIGS. 60 to 63. The prongs 13 lead at their end into an essentially flattened end 71.
(189) The surface facing to the press recess 11 is convex in shape, wherein its thickness decreases in the axial progression towards the end 71.
(190) The intermediate shown in accordance with FIGS. 60 to 63 can be transformed into a projectile 37, which is not shown in the figures in more detail.
(191) The tool 51 according to the invention in accordance with FIGS. 65 to 68 is designed to manufacture the intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 61 to 63. The bars 53 responsible for the slots 10a to 11c are also offset towards the longitudinal axis of the tool 51 in order to incorporate corresponding slot shapes into the intermediate 1.
(192) In FIGS. 69 to 71, a deformed projectile according to the invention is shown, which essentially corresponds to the object of the invention in accordance with FIGS. 13 to 20. The deformed projectile 81 comprises four tongue-like single-piece prongs 83 extending from the base end section 3, the shape of which can be designated as a sepal-like shape. As is evident in FIGS. 69 to 71, the bent prongs 83 comprise a centre reinforcement 33, which extends from the prong tip 25 to the recess ground 35. The deformation of the prongs 83 can also be called a mushroom-shaped deformation. According to the invention, between two adjacent deformed prongs, there is another pointed projection 85 radially extending outwards, which essentially has the shape of a shark tooth and extends in a convex shape radially outwards.
(193) As evident in FIG. 71, the teeth 85 extend above the deformed prongs 83 and have a significantly shorter longitudinal extension than the formed prongs 83. The pointed teeth 85 result from a deformation in the region of the slotted base 33 between the respective adjacent prongs 83. The continuous slot design and the formation of a narrow slotted base 33 in the region of the base end section 3 forces the formation of additional pointed teeth 85 between the bent prongs 83. In the region between the teeth 85 and the bent prongs 83, nib-shaped constrictions 87, form, which are typical for an ideal deformation under the above-mentioned test conditions.
(194) As is apparent in the top view of FIG. 65, the deformed profile is approximately double-axis-symmetric and forms four further radially extending outwards, in particular pointed teeth 85, in addition to the four folded prongs 85.
(195) FIGS. 72-75 show a further embodiment of an intermediate 1 according to the invention, wherein, for the better readability of the figure description and to avoid repetitions for identical or similar components of the intermediate 1, the same reference numbers are used. The intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 72-77 is similar to the intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 1-4 in that the press recess 11 forms three slot arms 10a to c, which are arranged at equidistant distances (120°) to each other. The slot arms 10a to c are slightly wider and run essentially radially evenly towards the outer side. The slots partially run through continuously towards the outer surface 15 in a radial manner. The prongs 13 are shaped identically to one another and have a convex inner flank surface 21 facing the cavity 18. A significant difference from the intermediates 1 described above is that the base body of the intermediate 1 is made of two pieces, namely being made of a core 38 and a jacket 39. The core 38 is a solid material, for example, formed from a ductile material, such as copper or lead, which is completely surrounded by the thin-walled jacket 39 also made of a ductile material. Only the end face, on which the forming tool in axial direction A is retracted for the formation of the press recess 11, is not covered by the jacket 39. When inserting the press recess 11, both the base body, the core 38, as well as the attached jacket 39 are plastically deformed to insert the desired slotting (1o). The intermediate 1 has a conical final shape at the opposite end face 5 opposite the press end section 7. The jacket 39 slightly protrudes axially at the end of the press end section 7 so that no material of the core 38 can project beyond the edge of the jacket 39.
(196) After the intermediate 1 has been deep-drawn without the need for applying further machining manufacturing measures, the intermediate 1 is ready to be formed into a finished projectile, in particular, a partial fragmentation bullet. The forming process for the formation of the projectile 37 mainly consists of forming the press end section 7 with the prongs 13 separated by slots into a suitable ogive section 20, in particular, being pressed. In this process, the prongs 13 are radially deformed inwards in such a way that the lateral edges 17 of the prongs 13 enter into contact, as is shown in FIGS. 78 to 83 in particular. In the preferred embodiment in accordance with FIGS. 78 to 82, the lateral edges 17 are fully brought into contact until a completely closed outer surface 15 in the region of the cavity 18 and the slot arms 10 of the intermediate 1 has been formed. In the case of the embodiment in accordance with FIGS. 78 to 82, it is advantageous to make the side opening 41 disappear. The cavity 18 extends cylindrically from the recess ground 35 up to the end 43 of the ogive section 20, at which a particularly essentially circular, centred opening 45 is formed, which serves to penetrate a gelatinous mass in the standardized test methods, which causes the desired deformation (in accordance with FIGS. 69 to 71) due to the build-up of a hydraulic pressure. The central opening 45 should thereby be significantly less than 20% of the cylindrical cross-section of the base end section 3. In the case of the projectile 37 shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, the opening cross-section of the opening 45 is about 20% or less of the cylindrical cross-section of the base end section 3.
(197) A variant to the projectile 37 is shown in FIGS. 83-87, wherein, for the easy readability of the figure description, the same reference is used for identical components of the projectile 37.
(198) The projectile, in particular, a partial fragmentation bullet 37 in accordance with FIGS. 83 to 87 differs from the projectile 37 in accordance with FIGS. 78 to 82 in that, at the central opening 45, a tip 86, in particular of plastic, is inserted in order to allow the ogive section 20 to taper to a pointed tip in an aerodynamic manner. The tip 86 has an essentially symmetrical structure and two blind-hole recesses 84, 88, one (84) on the open outer side of the tip 86 and another (88) at the application region that engages into the cavity 18 of the projectile 37. In the forming of the intermediate 1 to the projectile 37, the tip 86 can already be pre-assembled, so that, during forming, pressing forces for holding the tip 86 are transmitted. To provide a defined axial position of the tip 86, the latter has a circumferential section 89, on which the round end of the jacket 39 is attached.
(199) FIGS. 88-93 show a further variant of an intermediate 1 according to the invention, wherein for the similar or identical components the same reference numbers as above are used. The intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 88-93 differs from the intermediate in accordance with FIGS. 72-77 in that the core 38 is made of two pieces, namely a deformation section 91, in particular, made of a solid material, for example, made of a ductile material, such as copper or lead, in which the press recess 11 is incorporated, and an undeformed, base-side core section 93, in particular, made of a solid material, for example, made of a ductile material, such as copper or lead. The core section 93 is slightly smaller and represents more than half, for example, two-thirds of the total length of the intermediate 1. Preferably, two different materials for the deformation section are also used 90 and the base-side core section 93. However, the same material can also be used, wherein an boundary surface 95 is formed between the two sections 91, 93. The press recess 11 is incorporated exclusively in the deformation section 91, wherein the recess ground 35 is positioned close to the boundary surface 95 between the deformation section 91 and the core section 93.
(200) The projectile 37, in particular, a partial fragmentation bullet resulting from intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 88-93, is shown in FIGS. 94-97 in a first embodiment and, in FIGS. 99-103, in a second embodiment, wherein the second embodiment only differs in that the above-described tip 86 being inserted into the cavity 18. The projectile 37 in accordance with the 1.sup.st and 2.sup.nd embodiment differs from the projectile 37 in accordance with FIGS. 78-87 in the 2-part core, the deformation section 91 and the core section 93, wherein the deformation section 91 is essentially in the region of the ogive section 20; however, it can also extend significantly (at the expense of the core section 93) towards the base and occupy a larger portion of the core 38.
(201) The embodiment of the intermediate 1 according to the invention in accordance with FIGS. 104 to 109 differs from the intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 72-77 in that, instead of three slot arms 10 (three prongs 13), four slot arms 10a to d (prong 13) are provided. For easy readability of the figure description, the same reference numbers as above are used. From the intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 104-109, the approximately same projectile 37 shown in FIGS. 110-115, can be produced, as is the case with the intermediate 1 with three prongs 13. By increasing/reducing the number of prongs/the number of slot arms, the geometry of the ogive 20 or cavity 18 can be adjusted. Also, the projectile 37 in accordance with the second embodiment with the tip 86 in accordance with FIGS. 115-119 is approximately identical to the above-described projectile 83-87 in accordance with the figures.
(202) The embodiment of the intermediate 1 according to the invention in accordance with FIGS. 120 to 125 differs from the intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 88-93 in that, instead of three slot arms 10 (three prongs 13), four slot arms 10a to d (prong 13) are provided. For easy readability of the figure description, the same reference numbers as above are used. From the intermediate 1 in accordance with FIGS. 120-125, the approximately same projectile 37 shown in FIGS. 126-129, can be produced, as is the case with the intermediate 1 with three prongs 13 in accordance with FIGS. 94-97. By increasing/reducing the number of prongs/the number of slot arms, the geometry of the ogive 20 or cavity 18 can be adjusted. Also, the projectile 37 in accordance with the second embodiment with the tip 86 in accordance with FIGS. 131-135 is approximately identical to the above-described projectile 37 in accordance with FIGS. 115 to 119. The features disclosed in the above description, the figures and the claims can be relevant for the realization of the invention in the various embodiments, both individually as well as in any combination.
REFERENCE LIST
(203) 1 intermediate 3 base end section 5 end face 7 press end section 9 slotted base 10 (a, b, c, d) slot arms 11 press recess 12 wall 13, 83 prongs 15 outer surface 17 edge region 18 cavity 20 ogive section 21, 23, 55 inner flank surface 25 prong tip 27 bevel 31 material accumulation 33 slotted base 35 recess ground 37 bullet, projectile 38 core 39 jacket 41 side opening 43 pointed end 45 centred opening 51 press head, tool 53 deformation bar 55 inner flank surface 57 pointed region 61 gap 63 material reduction 71 flat end 81 deformed projectile 83 folded prongs 84, 88 blind-hole recess 85 tooth 86 tip 87 nib-shaped constriction 89 section 91 deformation section 93 core section 95 boundary surface A axial direction
