GRADIENT SUB-BOILING DISTILLER

Abstract

The present invention discloses a gradient sub-boiling distiller and a distillation method. The gradient sub-boiling distiller includes a condensation pipe, an evaporation surface, a heating device, a liquid distributor, a tail liquid trough, a condensate trough, a tail liquid pipe, a liquid inlet pipe, a condensate pipe, and a shell. A raw material liquid is preheated through the condensation pipe, flows down from the evaporation surface after being further preheated in the heating device, and is continuously evaporated. With the temperature continuously decreasing, vapor condenses on the surface of the condensation pipe, the heat of condensation preheats the raw material liquid in the condensation pipe, and the flow direction of the raw material liquid in the condensation pipe is opposite to that on the evaporation surface. The present invention completely recovers the heat of condensation, increases the energy efficiency, reduces water for water-cooling, saves water resources and reduces energy consumption.

Claims

1. A gradient sub-boiling distiller, comprising at least one condensation pipe, at least one evaporation surface, a heating device, a liquid distributor, a tail liquid trough, a condensate trough, a tail liquid pipe, a liquid inlet pipe, a condensate pipe, and a shell, wherein one end of the heating device is communicated with the liquid distributor, and the other end is communicated with the condensation pipe; one end of the evaporation surface is connected to the liquid distributor, and the other end is provided with the tail liquid trough; the tail liquid trough is communicated with the tail liquid pipe; one end of the condensation pipe is communicated with the liquid inlet pipe, and the other end is communicated with the heating device; and the condensate trough is located at one end of the condensation pipe and is communicated with the condensate pipe.

2. The gradient sub-boiling distiller according to claim 1, wherein the distiller further comprises a pump, and an inlet and an outlet of the pump are respectively communicated with the tail liquid pipe and the liquid inlet pipe through a circulation pipe.

3. The gradient sub-boiling distiller according to claim 1, wherein the distiller further comprises a heat exchanger disposed on the tail liquid pipe, the condensate pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe.

4. The gradient sub-boiling distiller according to claim 2, wherein the circulation pipe further comprises a cooling device.

5. The gradient sub-boiling distiller according to claim 4, wherein the liquid inlet pipe is connected to a pipe between the condensation pipe and the heating device or a pipe between the liquid distributor and the heating device.

6. The gradient sub-boiling distiller according to claim 1, wherein the distiller further comprises a device connected to the evaporation surface to periodically move the evaporation surface relative to the condensation pipe.

7. The gradient sub-boiling distiller according to claim 1, wherein the distiller further comprises a gas generator, a gas storage tank, an air extractor, or an air compressor communicated with the shell through a pipe.

8. The gradient sub-boiling distiller according to claim 1, wherein the distiller further comprises a fan, and an inlet and an outlet of the fan are communicated with the shell.

9. The gradient sub-boiling distiller according to claim 1, wherein the condensation pipe is made of a polymer material or a composite material thereof, and has a longitudinal partition plate inside; holes partitioned by the partition plate are communicated with liquid passages at both ends of the condensation pipe, and protrusions are formed on a surface of the condensation pipe; the evaporation surface and the condensation pipe are arranged at intervals; the protrusions on the surface of the condensation pipe support and compress the evaporation surface; the protrusions on the surface of the condensation pipe comprise columnar or tapered protrusions, inclined columnar or tapered protrusions, and longitudinal strip-shaped protrusions; and longitudinal strip-shaped protrusions of a guide trough, located at one end of the evaporation surface and lower than one end of the condensation surface, are formed on the side surface.

10. The gradient sub-boiling distiller according to claim 1, wherein the evaporation surface is omitted, and the raw material liquid is dripped or sprayed from the liquid distributor.

11. The gradient sub-boiling distiller according to claim 2, wherein the distiller further comprises a heat exchanger disposed on the tail liquid pipe, the condensate pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe.

12. The gradient sub-boiling distiller according to claim 2, wherein the condensation pipe is made of a polymer material or a composite material thereof, and has a longitudinal partition plate inside; holes partitioned by the partition plate are communicated with liquid passages at both ends of the condensation pipe, and protrusions are formed on a surface of the condensation pipe; the evaporation surface and the condensation pipe are arranged at intervals; the protrusions on the surface of the condensation pipe support and compress the evaporation surface; the protrusions on the surface of the condensation pipe comprise columnar or tapered protrusions, inclined columnar or tapered protrusions, and longitudinal strip-shaped protrusions; and longitudinal strip-shaped protrusions of a guide trough, located at one end of the evaporation surface and lower than one end of the condensation surface, are formed on the side surface.

13. The gradient sub-boiling distiller according to claim 4, wherein the condensation pipe is made of a polymer material or a composite material thereof, and has a longitudinal partition plate inside; holes partitioned by the partition plate are communicated with liquid passages at both ends of the condensation pipe, and protrusions are formed on a surface of the condensation pipe; the evaporation surface and the condensation pipe are arranged at intervals; the protrusions on the surface of the condensation pipe support and compress the evaporation surface; the protrusions on the surface of the condensation pipe comprise columnar or tapered protrusions, inclined columnar or tapered protrusions, and longitudinal strip-shaped protrusions; and longitudinal strip-shaped protrusions of a guide trough, located at one end of the evaporation surface and lower than one end of the condensation surface, are formed on the side surface.

14. The gradient sub-boiling distiller according to claim 5, wherein the condensation pipe is made of a polymer material or a composite material thereof, and has a longitudinal partition plate inside; holes partitioned by the partition plate are communicated with liquid passages at both ends of the condensation pipe, and protrusions are formed on a surface of the condensation pipe; the evaporation surface and the condensation pipe are arranged at intervals; the protrusions on the surface of the condensation pipe support and compress the evaporation surface; the protrusions on the surface of the condensation pipe comprise columnar or tapered protrusions, inclined columnar or tapered protrusions, and longitudinal strip-shaped protrusions; and longitudinal strip-shaped protrusions of a guide trough, located at one end of the evaporation surface and lower than one end of the condensation surface, are formed on the side surface.

15. The gradient sub-boiling distiller according to claim 7, wherein the condensation pipe is made of a polymer material or a composite material thereof, and has a longitudinal partition plate inside; holes partitioned by the partition plate are communicated with liquid passages at both ends of the condensation pipe, and protrusions are formed on a surface of the condensation pipe; the evaporation surface and the condensation pipe are arranged at intervals; the protrusions on the surface of the condensation pipe support and compress the evaporation surface; the protrusions on the surface of the condensation pipe comprise columnar or tapered protrusions, inclined columnar or tapered protrusions, and longitudinal strip-shaped protrusions; and longitudinal strip-shaped protrusions of a guide trough, located at one end of the evaporation surface and lower than one end of the condensation surface, are formed on the side surface.

16. The gradient sub-boiling distiller according to claim 2, wherein the evaporation surface is omitted, and the raw material liquid is dripped or sprayed from the liquid distributor.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0051] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal distiller at an evaporation surface.

[0052] FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a gradient distiller provided with a heat exchanger.

[0053] FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a distiller provided with a cooling device.

[0054] FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a distiller having a plurality of evaporation surfaces and condensation pipes.

[0055] FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a distiller for processing a high-temperature liquid.

[0056] FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the condensation pipes made of a polymer material.

[0057] FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the condensation pipes made of a polymer material.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Embodiment 1

[0058] As shown in FIG. 1, a condensation pipe 2 is disposed in a shell 9 and includes 20 circular pipes of 10 mm in diameter and 500 mm in length arranged in parallel; an evaporation surface 1 is a stainless steel plate, and the distance between the evaporation surface and the condensation pipe is 30 mm. The raw material liquid enters the condensation pipe 2 from a liquid inlet 10 and flows along the condensation pipe 2; the liquid vapor condenses on a lower surface of the condensation pipe 2, and meanwhile, the heat of condensation preheats the liquid in the condensation pipe 2. The preheated liquid enters a heating device 3 through a liquid distributor 4, and is further heated in the heating device 3. The heated liquid enters the evaporation surface 1, and is distributed to flow on the evaporation surface 1 in the form of a film, and meanwhile, is continuously evaporated with the temperature of the liquid continuously decreasing, and finally enters a tail liquid trough 6 to be discharged by a tail liquid pipe 12. The liquid vapor condenses on the surface of the condensation pipe 2, and the condensate flows to one end along the condensation pipe 2 and falls into a condensate trough 7 (the left end of the condensation pipe is higher than the right end), and is discharged through a condensate pipe 11.

Embodiment 2

[0059] As shown in FIG. 2, the evaporation surface 1 is prepared by two layers of degreased fiberglass clothes (pores among the fiberglass cloth layers can diffuse the liquid well) and an outer frame, the distance between the evaporation surface and the condensation pipe is 7 mm, and a trough having a V-shaped cross section is disposed at the top of the evaporation surface (or the outer wall of the trough is covered with the fiberglass cloth), and the liquid enters the trough through the liquid distributor, and then overflows from a notch and falls onto the evaporation surface (or enters the evaporation surface by the fiberglass cloth of the trough wall). The condensation pipe 2 includes 20 stainless steel square pipes of 10 mm10 mm arranged in parallel. The raw material liquid enters a heat exchanger 5 through the liquid inlet 10, then enters the condensation pipe 2, flows along the condensation pipe 2, and is preheated in the condensation pipe 2, and meanwhile, the liquid vapor condenses on the outer surface of the condensation pipe 2. The preheated liquid enters the heating device 3 and is further heated in the heating device 3. The heated liquid enters the liquid distributor 4, is distributed by the liquid distributor 4 to the evaporation surface 1, and is distributed to flow on the evaporation surface 1 in the form of a film, and meanwhile, is continuously evaporated with the temperature of the liquid continuously decreasing, and finally enters the tail liquid trough 6, enters the heat exchanger 5 through a pipe for heat exchange with the raw material liquid in the heat exchanger 5, and finally is discharged from the tail liquid pipe 12. The liquid vapor evaporated by the evaporation surface condenses on the surface of the condensation pipe 2, and the condensate flows to one end along the condensation pipe 2 and falls into the condensate trough 7, and enters the heat exchanger 5 through the pipe for heat exchange with the raw material liquid in the heat exchanger 5, and finally is discharged from the condensate pipe 11. The heating device 3 is a liquid storage tank at the top end of the condensation pipe, and has a built-in heater; and the heating device is located in the shell 9.

Embodiment 3

[0060] In this embodiment, a liquid cooling device 13 is disposed on a liquid circulation pipe 14 to appropriately cool the circulating liquid to increase the temperature difference between the evaporation surface and the condensation pipe, thereby increasing the evaporation and condensation speeds. Heat exchange is performed between the liquid in the cooling device 13 and the outside air or the cooling water.

[0061] The replenished raw material liquid enters the liquid circulation pipe 14 through the liquid inlet 10, enters the condensation pipe 2 with the circulating liquid, flows along the condensation pipe 2, and is preheated in the condensation pipe 2; and meanwhile, the liquid vapor condenses on the outer surface of the condensation pipe 2. The preheated liquid enters the heating device 3, and is further heated in the heating device 3. The heated liquid enters the liquid distributor 4, is distributed by the liquid distributor 4 to the evaporation surface 1, and is distributed to flow on the evaporation surface 1 in the form of a film, and is continuously evaporated with the temperature of the liquid continuously decreasing, and finally, the liquid that is not evaporated enters the tail liquid trough 6, is partially discharged by the tail liquid pipe 12, and is partially continuously evaporated to be moderately cooled in the cooling device. The liquid vapor evaporated from the evaporation surface condenses on the surface of the condensation pipe 2, and the condensate flows to one end along the condensation pipe 2 and falls into the condensate trough 7, and finally discharged from the condensate pipe 11.

Embodiment 4

[0062] The apparatus in this embodiment includes a plurality of condensation pipes 2 having a rectangular cross section of 5 mm250 mm and a length of 600 mm, that is, each condensation pipe contains two condensation surfaces of 250 mm600 mm. The evaporation surface of 250 mm600 mm is a 150-mesh hydrophilization-treated stainless steel mesh. The mesh is fixed and tensioned by a side frame, and the top of the evaporation surface is a V-shaped trough covered with a mesh. The evaporation surface 1 and the condensation pipe 2 are parallel to each other and arranged at intervals, and the distance therebetween is 3 mm. The heat exchanger 5 is used for heat exchange between the raw material liquid and the condensate as well as the tail liquid.

Embodiment 5

[0063] The technical solution of this embodiment is suitable for concentrating a high-temperature extract or distilling high-temperature wastewater to obtain pure water. The high-temperature liquid is introduced from the top end and can be operated without heating the circulating liquid, or energy consumption of heating is less. It is particularly advantageous to the centration of the high-temperature extract such as a traditional Chinese medicine extract (generally extracted at a high temperature).

[0064] The replenished raw material liquid is mixed into the circulating liquid through the liquid inlet pipe 10, enters the heating device 3 together with the circulating liquid so as to be heated (or not heated) in the heating device 3, then enters the liquid distributor 4 to be distributed to the evaporation surface 1, and is evaporated and cooled on the evaporation surface 1, then flows into the tail liquid trough 6, and is partially discharged from the tail liquid pipe 12, is partially transported by a circulation pump 8 and the circulation pipe 14 through the cooling device 13 so as to be moderately cooled in the cooling device 13, and then is distributed into each condensation pipe 2 through a pipe so as to be preheated in the condensation pipe 2, and then collected by the pipe; and then the raw material liquid is added.

Embodiment 6

[0065] Provided is a gradient sub-boiling distiller having a condensation pipe made of a polymer material or a composite material thereof (for example, polypropylene added with a thermal conductive material to enhance thermal conductivity). To save space, the overall structure is not described in detail herein, and only the condensation pipe used is described. The condensation pipe is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The condensation pipe is a rectangle having a length of 1,200 mm and a cross section with a length of 1,000 mm and a width of 5 mm. A liquid passage 23 is disposed at both ends of the condensation pipe. The longitudinal partition plate 15 functions to increase the strength. The holes separated by the longitudinal partition plate 15 are communicated the liquid passages 23 at both ends of the condensation pipe. The surface of the condensation pipe is provided with a columnar protrusion 16, a strip-shaped protrusion 17 having a rectangular cross section, or a strip-shaped protrusion 21 having a triangular cross section, and the height of the protrusion is 3-15 mm. Guide troughs are respectively disposed on the surface of the strip-shaped protrusion, i.e., a gap 19 and 20 between the trough 18 and the strip-shaped protrusion, and a guide trough 22 formed by a side surface of the protrusion and ridges on the side surface. The columnar protrusions may be inclined relative to the surface. When the condensation pipe is disposed vertically, the top ends of the columnar protrusions are lower than the base portion, so that the raw material liquid on the evaporation surface does not flow upward into the condensate, and the condensate generated on the columnar protrusions or the condensate flowing to the columnar protrusions from the surface of the condensation pipe also cleans the columnar protrusions and finally flows into the raw material liquid, without contaminating the condensate. The protrusions may also be longitudinal strip-shaped, for example, strips having a rectangular, semi-circular, or triangular cross section, etc., the top ends of which are in contact with and support the evaporation surface, and the base portion is connected to the surface of the condensation pipe. A guide trough inclined relative to the condensation surface is disposed on the side surface, and one end of the guide trough at the evaporation surface is lower than the end at the condensation surface. In this way, the liquid on the evaporation surface is collected into the guide trough while flowing toward the condensation surface and flows back to the evaporation surface along the guide trough, and the condensate generated on the protrusions also flows along the guide trough, and cleans the protrusions, so that the raw material liquid does not contaminate the condensate.