Abstract
The invention presents molding tools, in which a position of a molding tool within a base tool or a position of molding cores relative to each other can be set by adjusting a position of base tools by means of controllable adjustment elements.
Claims
1. A molding tool, comprising: at least one controllable adjustment element for determining the position of a molding core of a molding tool.
2. The molding tool as claimed in claim 1, comprising the molding core, wherein the molding core has an upper surface, a lower surface and lateral surfaces, wherein a molding surface is formed on the upper surface, wherein the at least one controllable adjustment element comprises one or more adjustment elements arranged on the lateral surfaces of the molding core.
3. The molding tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molding tool comprises a base tool having a socket for the molding core, wherein the at least one controllable adjustment element comprises one or more adjustment elements arranged in the base tool.
4. The molding tool as claimed in claim 3, wherein the one or more adjustment elements arranged in the base tool comprise one or more adjustment elements arranged in a lateral surface of the socket.
5. The molding tool as claimed in claim 3, wherein the one or more adjustment elements arranged in the base tool comprise one or more of adjustment elements arranged on a bottom of the socket and adjustment elements arranged in a recess in the socket, for vertical position adjustment of the molding core.
6. The molding tool as claimed in claim 5, wherein the one or more adjustment elements arranged in the base tool comprise one or more adjustment elements which are movable between a first position and a second position, wherein the movable adjustment elements project into the socket in the first position in order to enter into engagement with the molding core and are retracted in the second position in order to release the molding core.
7. The molding tool as claimed in claim 6, wherein the one or more movable elements comprise further adjustment elements of the one or more adjustment elements arranged in the base tool in order to adjust a vertical position of the molding core.
8. The molding tool as claimed in claim 3, wherein the one or more adjustment elements arranged in the base tool are arranged and set up in such a way as to set a tilt of the molding tool.
9. The molding tool as claimed in claim 8, further comprising the molding core, wherein the molding core has a rounded shape, thus enabling the molding core to be tilted in the socket by actuating the one or more adjustment elements arranged in the base tool.
10. The molding tool as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a further base tool, wherein the base tool and the further base tool are assembled for molding, wherein the base tool and the further base tool each have a socket for a molding core, wherein the one or more controllable adjustment elements comprise an adjustment element for adjusting a position of the base tool relative to the further base tool in an assembled state.
11. The molding tool as claimed in claim 10, wherein the adjustment element for adjustment is arranged in one or more of a guide column and in a guide recess.
12. The molding tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one controllable adjustment element comprises one or more of a mechanical, pneumatic and a hydraulic adjustment element.
13. The molding tool as claimed in claim 12, wherein the at least one controllable adjustment element comprises a hydraulic expansion clamping element.
14. The use of a molding tool as claimed in claim 1 to produce optical elements.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0039] Embodiments are explained in greater detail below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:
[0040] FIG. 1 shows one half of a molding tool according to one embodiment,
[0041] FIG. 2 shows one half of a molding tool according to another embodiment,
[0042] FIG. 3 shows one half of a molding tool according to another embodiment,
[0043] FIG. 4 shows one half of a molding tool according to another embodiment,
[0044] FIG. 5 shows a molding tool according to another embodiment, and
[0045] FIG. 6 shows a conventional molding tool.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0046] Various embodiments are explained in detail below. It should be noted that these embodiments are used merely for illustration and should not be interpreted as restrictive.
[0047] For better understanding, various modifications of and additions to the conventional molding tool explained at the outset with reference to FIG. 6 are explained below with reference to FIGS. 1-5. These modifications and additions are shown in cumulative fashion, i.e. further modifications and additions are added from one figure to the next. However, it should be noted that the various modifications and additions can also be implemented independently of one another. For example, the modification and addition illustrated in FIG. 2 as an addition in comparison with FIG. 1 can also be implemented independently of the modifications and additions in FIG. 1. Here, FIGS. 1-5 show cross-sectional views of molding tools.
[0048] To avoid repetitions, elements which are identical or correspond to one another bear the same reference signs. Elements which have already been explained at the outset with reference to FIG. 6 are not explained again in detail. In addition to the explicitly illustrated components of the molding tool, further components that are not illustrated can be provided, particularly components used in conventional molding tools. The indefinite article a or an should not be taken as a numerical indicator but should be interpreted in the sense of one or more.
[0049] Here, FIGS. 1-4 each illustrate one half of a molding tool having a base tool 1 and a molding core 3. The other half in each case can be configured in a corresponding manner. A direction indicated by an arrow 30 is referred to below as the vertical direction and a direction indicated by an arrow 31 is referred to as a horizontal direction. This serves merely for simple designation and does not imply any specific position of the illustrated molding tools during use.
[0050] In the embodiment in FIG. 1, controllable adjustment elements 11 are provided in contrast to the conventional approach in FIG. 6. Here, the controllable adjustment elements 11 are provided on an inner side of a socket (recess) of the base tool 1, as illustrated in FIG. 1, wherein the molding core 3 is accommodated in the socket, and/or are provided on an outer side of the molding core 3. The controllable adjustment elements 11 can be arranged around the molding core 3 and/or can be arranged at various levels (at three levels in the example in FIG. 1). In this case, the controllable adjustment elements 11 can be wedged over the entire circumference of the molding core 3, or, alternatively, over only part of the circumference. The controllable adjustment elements 11 make it possible to produce a force F, as indicated by arrows 19, by means of which the molding core 3 can be fixed in the base tool 1 with reproducible accuracy of position. Here, the accuracy of position can be less than 10 m, preferably less than 5 m.
[0051] In this context, a controllable adjustment element is generally an element, the position, extent and/or exerted force of which can be controlled, e.g. via corresponding control lines. Here, the term can be controlled includes the possibility of closed-loop control or some other type of adjustment. Controllable adjustment elements of this kind can be mechanical, pneumatic and/or hydraulic elements. In the case of mechanical elements, it is possible, for example, for wedges to be moved relative to one another or for spring elements to be actuated in order in this way to modify an extent of elements, or elements can be moved in respect of their position by means of corresponding drives. In the case of pneumatic or hydraulic elements, a chamber can be filled with gas (pneumatic) or liquid (hydraulic) in order to modify the extent thereof. As a particular preference, hydraulic expansion elements, which can be designed as single- and/or multi-way chamber systems, can be used as controllable adjustment elements. In the case of hydraulic expansion elements an expanding sleeve is deformed by the action of hydraulic oil, this being possible with high reproducibility. By means of the controllable adjustment elements 11, it is thus possible to achieve reproducible positioning of the molding core in a direction (in a horizontal direction) as indicated by the arrows 19 in FIG. 1. Since the controllable adjustment elements can be controlled via corresponding control lines, an adjustment is furthermore possible without having to disassemble the molding tool.
[0052] Another embodiment of the molding tool is illustrated in FIG. 2. In comparison with the embodiment in FIG. 1, the distance plates 8, 9 used for vertical adjustment (adjustment in the vertical direction) of the molding core 3 have been replaced by controllable adjustment elements 12. As indicated by arrows 20, a force in the vertical direction can be exerted on the molding core 3 by these controllable adjustment elements 12, thus allowing vertical adjustment. In respect of the configuration of the controllable adjustment elements 12, the statements made in relation to the controllable adjustment elements 11 apply.
[0053] The controllable adjustment elements 12 can be arranged at various points around a molding core 3 (all the way round or part way round), and/or at various points on a lower side of the molding core 3. As illustrated, some of the adjustment elements 12 are arranged on the bottom of the socket and others are arranged on an upper side of a recess of the socket (for accommodating a widened part of the molding core 3). By means of the controllable adjustment elements 12, a vertical adjustment can be performed, in particular by open-loop or closed-loop control, without the need to exchange plates, such as the distance plates 8, 9. Thus, for the vertical adjustments, there is no need particularly for disassembly of the molding tool, and adjustment can take place in the installed state, e.g. on the basis of measurement of a workpiece produced, without new inaccuracies arising due to disassembly.
[0054] In the case of the embodiments in FIGS. 1 and 2, the molding tool must be disassembled as before, in particular the support plate 2 must be removed, in order to exchange the molding core. In the embodiment in FIG. 3, this is no longer necessary. In particular, the base tool 11 in the embodiment in FIG. 3 has a socket for the molding core 3 which is free from undercuts. Moreover, the base tool 1 has controllable adjustment elements 13, which are movable, as indicated by arrows 21, to enable them to be moved backward and forward between a first position, in which they are in engagement with recesses 14 in the molding core 3, and a second position, in which they release the molding core 3, enabling it to be removed. Here, the controllable adjustment elements 13 can be driven pneumatically, hydraulically or mechanically. It should be noted that the controllable adjustment elements 13 and the recesses 14 are dimensioned in a manner sufficient to tolerate relatively high forces (up to several tens of kilonewtons) occurring during molding. In the cross-sectional view in FIG. 3, two controllable adjustment elements 13 are shown in this case. It is also possible for a plurality of such elements to be arranged around the molding core 3, and/or the controllable adjustment elements 13 can be arranged at various positions in the vertical direction.
[0055] As illustrated in FIG. 3, some of the controllable adjustment elements 12 can be arranged in the controllable adjustment elements 13 in this case.
[0056] FIG. 4 shows a further modification, which can be used in molding tools according to the invention. In the embodiment in FIG. 4, the molding core 3 has a slightly convex, rounded shape as compared with the angular shape in FIGS. 1-3. In this case, individual control of the controllable adjustment elements 11 and 12 and, if appropriate, of further controllable adjustment elements 15 can be used to adjust a tilt of the molding core, as indicated by an arrow 16 in FIG. 4. To make this possible, ends of the controllable adjustment elements 13 which are in engagement in the recesses 14 can likewise have a rounded shape. In this way, angular tolerances of less than 20, preferably less than 10, can be achieved.
[0057] The embodiments explained with reference to FIGS. 1-4 have improved adjustment capabilities for molding cores relative to the base tool into which they are inserted. As already explained, the various modifications can be employed independently of one another. Thus, embodiments can have any desired combinations of the adjustment elements 11, 12, 13 and 15 (the latter together with the rounded molding core), wherein it is also possible to omit one or more of these adjustment elements. An embodiment in which an adjustment of two molding tool halves relative to one another is improved and it is thus also possible for the molding cores of the two halves to be adjusted with increased accuracy relative to one another will now be discussed with reference to FIG. 5.
[0058] In the embodiment in FIG. 5, with the molding tool of FIG. 5, the controllable adjustment elements which were discussed with reference to FIGS. 1-4 are here provided both in half A and in half B. In other embodiments, it is also possible for just some of these adjustment elements or none of these adjustment elements to be used.
[0059] As explained at the outset with reference to FIG. 6, one of the base tool halves (in this case half B) has guide columns 4B, which enter into engagement with corresponding guide holes 4A in half A. Moreover, precision guides 5A, which engage in corresponding recesses 5B in half B, are provided. Conversely, it is equally possible for the guides to be provided on half B and the recesses on half A.
[0060] Here, in contrast to the conventional molding tool in FIG. 6, the guides 5A have controllable adjustment elements 17, and/or the recesses 5B have controllable adjustment elements 17B. The controllable adjustment elements 17A, 17B can once again be configured in the manner already explained above in relation to other controllable adjustment elements. The controllable adjustment elements 17A and/or 17B enable the base tool halves 1A, 1B and thus the molding cores 3A, 3B to be positioned with improved accuracy relative to one another since the base tool halves can be moved slightly in the horizontal direction relative to one another by means of forces that can be produced by the controllable adjustment elements 17A and/or 17B, as indicated by arrows 18, thus allowing accurate positioning.
[0061] By means of the described set of controllable adjustment elements, it is thus possible to increase the accuracy of manufacture of plastic elements by molding, and this can be used, in particular, to produce optical elements, e.g. for smart glasses.
