Solvent System and Method of Preparing Water Based Aerosol Base Paint

Abstract

The invention relates to a solvent system, which consists of a liquid present in the cup of an aerosol can filling device, said cup having functionally connected thereto mechanized color paste dispensing elements which enable dispensing into the filling device's cup one color paste in an amount A, which is at least A.sub.min, as well as of an aerosol base paint present in the aerosol can. The solvent system comprises:the liquid present in the cup of an aerosol can filling device, which liquid occupies a volume V1 of a filling volume V2 of the cup and which liquid comprises a color paste mixture and additionally possibly also water and a binder, said color paste mixture having been produced into the cup by dispensing into the cup, with mechanized dispensing elements, individual color tone pastes which make up a tint of said color paste mixture, in a ratio defined by a color tone recipe for said color paste mixturethe aqueous aerosol base paint present in an aerosol can with a filling volume V, which base paint, as a liquid under pressure, occupies a total volume Vt=VV2 of said aerosol can filling volume V, whereby said aerosol base paint in liquid form under pressure comprises a water-compatible solvent 20-60% by volume, a binder 20-60% by volume, and a propellant 30-60% by volume, preferably 35-45% by volume, and wherein the solvent system has the minimum amount A.sub.min of the color paste mixture, as well as a total amount A.sub.tot of the color paste mixture, adapted to depend on the aggregate amount of a binder in the aerosol can as well as a binder in the cup.

Claims

1. A water based solvent system comprising water, propellant and possible organic co-solvent, for tinting an aerosol paint in an aerosol can with a filling device having a cup having functionally connected thereto mechanized color paste dispensing elements which enable dispensing into the filling device's cup the liquid containing a color paste mixture in an amount A, which solvent system, comprising: a liquid present in the cup of an aerosol can filling device, which liquid occupies a volume V1 of a filling volume V2 of the cup, comprises with respect to its volume V1: a color paste mixture 10-100% by volume having a predetermined color tone, water 0-90% by volume and a binder 0-90% by volume, which color paste mixture being made up of several color paste components, each of which have at least the volume A.sub.min, by dispensing into the cup, with mechanized dispensing elements, each of said individual color paste components in a ratio defined by the recipe of the color paste mixture tone, whereby a base paint to be tinted comprising an emulsified binder and a propellant said base paint dispersed into a water compatible solvent, present in the aerosol can, with a filling volume V and occupies, as a liquid under pressure a total volume of V.sub.t of said filling volume V, wherein the base paint to be tinted comprises, with respect to total weight: binder and separate dispersing agent/emulsifier or an emulsified binder 15-80% w/w, preferably 20-75% w/w by weight, wherein the binder is an acryl resin, an alkyd resin, an oil-modified alkyd resin, an epoxy resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyurethane-modified alkyd resin, a styrene-butadiene emulsion or, a styrene-butadiene dispersion, and wherein the base paint comprises propellant 18-45% by weight, preferably 25-25 35% by weight, wherein propellant is DME or a mixture of DME along with butane, propane, CO.sub.2 or HFC-134a and said recipe of the color paste mixture tone is selected from the group of different recipes in which group each recipe defines the exact amount of each individual color paste compound to make up the color paste mixture having a predetermined color tone so that: the total volume and the total amount A.sub.tot of the color paste mixture have been adapted to depend on the aggregate volume and the amount of the binders in the aerosol can and in the filling cup; and the minimum volume A.sub.min of each color paste component dispensed into a filling cup is 0.1-0.2 ml which minimum volume A.sub.min is adapted to be same as the minimum paste volume requirement for base paint to be toned in an accurate way, wherein said accurate toning means that the maximum color deviation of dE is 1.0, preferably 0.7 from the intended color tone of the toned base paint.

2. The solvent system of claim 1, wherein the dry content of the binder is preferably in a range of 25-45% by weight of the base paint to be tinted.

3. The solvent system of claim 1, wherein the minimum volume A.sub.min of a color paste compound is 0.1-0.2, which minimum volume A.sub.min is adapted to be the same as the minimum dispensing volume of the dispensing element for tinting the base paint into the selected color tone.

4. The solvent system according to claim 1, wherein the group of different recipes originates from the color tone recipes for color paste mixtures intended to be used to tint base paint for a bucket paint having a bigger volume of solvent system.

5. The solvent system according to claim 4, wherein the group of different recipes mixtures intended to be used to tint base paint for a bucket paint having a bigger volume of solvent system have been converted into color tone recipes for tinting base paint of an aerosol paint by keeping the color strength intact but reducing the overall amount of solvent in the solvent system.

6. (canceled)

7. The solvent system according to claim 1, wherein the propellant is dimethyl ether (DME).

8. (canceled)

9. The solvent system according to claim 1, wherein the binder is selected from 5 the group consisting of binders a)-f): a) saponified/neutralized short oil alkyd which is water dilutable/emulsifiable having less than 40% of fatty acids, b) saponified/neutralized medium oil alkyd which is water dilutable/emulsifiable having 40-60% of fatty acids, c) emulsified/dispersed short oil alkyd having less than 40% of fatty acids, d) emulsified/dispersed medium oil alkyd having 40-60% of fatty acids, e) emulsified/dispersed polyurethane modified alkyd being chained with mid oil having 40-60% of fatty acids, f) emulsified/dispersed polyurethane modified alkyd being chained with short oil having less than 40% of fatty acids.

10. The solvent system according to claim 7, wherein the oil content of resin is about 44%, the acid value of solids maximum 30 and pH-value of 7-8.

11. The solvent system according to claim 1, wherein the liquid present in the filling device's cup is produced by adding into the cup either a) a color paste mixture and water or b) a color paste mixture and a binder or c) a color paste mixture, a binder, and water.

12. The solvent system according to claim 1, wherein the cup has a filling volume (V2) of 100 ml.

13. The solvent system according to claim 12, wherein the liquid present in the filling device's cup is produced by adding into the cup, whose filling volume (V2) is 100 ml, a color paste mixture 15-25 ml, as well as water or a binder or water and a binder in such a way that a volume (V1) occupied by the liquid of the cup's filling volume (V2) is 50-100 ml.

14. The solvent system according to claim 1, wherein each individual color paste included in the color paste mixture has been dispensed into the cup in a mechanized manner without mixing with a dispensing element in an amount A defined by the color tone recipe for the color paste mixture.

15. The solvent system according to claim 1, wherein the aerosol base paint to be tinted and the liquid in the cup of the filling device are adapted to have an aggregate binder content of 15-45% by weight, preferably 20-35% by weight of the aerosol can's filling volume, i.e. 25-90% by weight, preferably 38-45% by weight, of the total weight of a tinted aerosol paint to be prepared into the aerosol can.

16. A method of preparing a water based, aerosol base paint to be tinted, having an extended shelf life, into an aerosol can with a volume V, said base paint comprising a binder, a water-compatible solvent, as well as a propellant and co-solvent if necessary, said method comprising following steps of: selecting an alkyd resin, an oil-modified alkyd resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyurethane-modified alkyd resin or a polyurethane-modified alkyd resin having oil content of at least 30% w/w., dispensing into an aerosol can, whose filling volume is V whereby said V is at least 250 ml, said binder and a water-compatible solvent into which binder is dispersed or emulsified, generating an overpressure in the aerosol can by adding a propellant 18-60% by weight and by sealing the aerosol can, wherein the propellant is DME or a mixture of DME along with butane, propane, CO.sub.2 or HFC-25 134a, preferably the propellant is DME.

17. (canceled)

18. The method according to claim 16, wherein the only propellant is DME which is added in an amount of 18-35% by weight.

19. The method according to claim 16, wherein the binder is added in an amount which is (18-85% w/w), preferably 25-40% w/w of a total weight of the aerosol paint to be tinted.

20. The method according to claim 16, wherein the water-compatible solvent comprises water and DME.

21. The method according to claim 16, further comprising adding into the aerosol can an auxiliary co-solvent and/or an adjuvant, such that the pressurized aerosol paint to be tinted has a total volume Vt=V100 ml, wherein V is the aerosol can's filling capacity, before the aerosol can is pressurized and sealed.

22. The method according to claim 16, wherein the adjuvant is one or more selected from the following group of: a pigment stabilizer, a corrosion inhibitor, a filler, a thickener, a bedding, a drying accelerator, a viscosity regulator, a mold inhibitor, a dispersant, an emulsifier, a foam inhibitor.

23. The method according to claim 16, wherein the auxiliary co-solvent is an organic solvent.

24. A water based aerosol base paint to be toned and formulated into a pressurized and sealed aerosol can and prepared with a method according to claim 16.

25. A method of preparing a tinted aerosol paint into a pressurized and sealed aerosol can, said method comprising supplementing an aerosol base paint of claim 24, present in an aerosol can, with a liquid, which has a volume V1 is present in the filling cup of a filling device, and which liquid has been prepared by adding a color paste mixture with mechanized dispensing elements and possibly also water and a binder, which color paste mixture has a specific tint and which color paste mixture has been formulated by dispensing into the cup each individual color paste defined by the tone of the color paste mixture in a ratio defined by a color tone recipe intended for developing the discussed tint, whereby a minimum dispensing amount A.sub.min of the color paste component is 0.1-0.2 ml and a total amount of A.sub.tot of the color paste in said filling cup is dependent on the aggregate amount of a binder in the aerosol can as well as a binder in the filling cup.

26. A water-based aerosol paint, in a solvent system defined in claim 1, for a pressurized and sealed aerosol can with a filling volume V and which aerosol paint comprises a color pigment, a binder dispersed into a water-compatible solvent comprising water, wherein the binder is selected from the group composing of an alkyd resin, an oil-modified alkyd resin an epoxy resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyurethane-modified alkyd resin, a styrene-butadiene emulsion and or a styrene-butadiene dispersion, propellant, which is DME or a mixture of DME along with butane, propane, CO.sub.2 or HFC-134a, preferably the propellant is DME and possible co-solvent 20-45% by weight, said water compatible solvent comprising DME 18-45% by weight and the rest being water, wherein the dry content of said binder is 20-45% by weight preferably 30-45% by weight from the total weight of the paint.

27. The water-based aerosol paint defined in claim 26, wherein the dry content of the paint is 30-35% w/w.

28. The water-based aerosol paint according to claim 27, wherein an alkyd resin, an oil-modified alkyd resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyurethane-modified alkyd resin an oil-modified alkyd-polyurethane resin.

29. The aerosol paint according to claim 26, wherein the adjuvant is one or more selected from the following group of: a pigment stabilizer, a corrosion inhibitor, a filler, a thickener, a bedding, a drying accelerator, a viscosity regulator, a mold inhibitor, a dispersant, an emulsifier, a foam inhibitor.

30. The aerosol paint according to claim 26, wherein it comprises a polyurethane-modified resin 80-100 g, water 5-15 g, an adjuvant 2-11 g and DME 75-95 g, packed in an aerosol can having a filling volume (V) of 400 ml.

31. (canceled)

32. (canceled)

33. (canceled)

34. The solvent system of claim 1, wherein the resin is an acrylic dispersion or an acrylic emulsion.

Description

[0099] The invention will now be described in even more detail by way of the following non-limiting examples.

[0100] FIG. 1 presents schematically a common dispensing machine which may be used for tinting for example bucket paint.

[0101] FIG. 2 presents schematically how dolor tone recipes are made in the present invention.

[0102] FIG. 3 shows some RAL based color recipes for bigger amount of paint (1000 ml) and converted into 225 ml of paint.

[0103] FIG. 2 shows the principle in forming a group of color tone recipes (R; R3) for an aerosol paint from a group of color tone recipes (R; R1) intended for a bucket paint having much bigger volume (for example 2.4 L). When a base paint of the bucket paint is tinted there are available for example a group of color tone recipes R; R1. These color tone recipes R; R1 comprises color tone recipes based, for example on RAL-system and adjusted to base paint of said bucket paint. For tinting the bucket paint there are recipes a; a.sup.1, a; a.sup.2 . . . a; a.sup.n available each recipe defining a color tone recipe for composing a color paste mixture from corresponding individual color tone components in a known way. These recipes a; a.sup.1, a; a.sup.2 . . . a; a.sup.n can be converted into possible group of recipes R; R2, which comprises another, potential group of color tone recipes b; b.sup.1, b; b.sup.2 . . . b; b.sup.n, for an aerosol paint. This may be done, for example simply by reducing the amount of color paste mixture and the amount of color paste compounds in each color paste mixture recipe b; b.sup.1, b; b.sup.2 . . . b; b.sup.n because of reduced paint volume in aerosol can compared to said bucket paint volume. Usually aerosol paint is packed in an aerosol can with a filling volume from 250 ml to 1000 ml. However, all recipes of this group of recipes b; b.sup.1, b; b.sup.2 . . . b; b.sup.n each defining how to make up a color paste mixture from its color paste compounds, is not usually possible to realize because of machine limitations and limitations in the amount of binders and pigments due to incompatibility problems with solvent system comprising a solvent and a propellant and a binder dispersed or emulsified therein. Therefore one may only end up to a group of recipes R; R3 comprising only a couple of color tone recipes c; c.sup.1, c; c.sup.3, c; c.sup.5 . . . c; c.sup.n which can be realized accurately when tinting the base paint of this particular aerosol paint.

[0104] The task of the present invention is to increase the amount of color tone recipes c; c.sup.1, c; c.sup.3, c; c.sup.5 . . . c; c.sup.n so that more of potential color tone recipes b; b.sup.1, b; b.sup.2 . . . b; b.sup.n can be realized. This is done by taking into consideration the machine side limitations of dispensing elements (they can dispense accurately 0.1-0.2 ml of each color paste compound). Also the amount of binders and pigments should be adjusted with each other so that as many as possible from color tone recipes b; b.sup.1, b; b.sup.2 . . . b; b.sup.n could be realized. The latter is made by increasing the amount of binder.

[0105] FIG. 1 show a typical dispensing machine 10 which can be used in dispensing the color paste mixtures, water and binder into an aerosol can 1. The dispensing machine comprises a control system 3 having a proper software 31 with all color tone recipes (for example based on RAL system) and instructions how to realize each color tone recipe. The dispensing machine 10 comprises also dispensing device 2 comprising a group of dispensing elements 22. Each dispensing element 22 comprises a container 22a for a pigment paste and a dispensing channel 22b for delivering pigment into filling cup 4. Dispensing device 22 has a cylindrical body and by rotating the body each dispensing element can be brought above the filling cup 4. Filling cup 4, on its turn has a feeder tube 4b which connect the bottom of filling cup 4 to the aerosol can and pushing means 4a (for example piston) for delivering the paste mixture from the filling cup 4 to aerosol can. The filling volume of the cup is V2. After filling the filling cup 4 with the color paste mixture and possible water and binder, a piston 4a is used for pushing the content of the filling cup into the sealed aerosol can 1.

[0106] FIG. 3 shows some RAL-based color recipes for original base paint (clear base paint, 1000 ml) which were converted into 225 ml of base paint (clear base paint according to present invention).

[0107] All RAL-colors of original color system was convertible accurately into corresponding colors for an aerosol paint.

WORKING EXAMPLES

Example 1

General

[0108] A typical water-based aerosol base paint was prepared using the dispensing device shown in FIG. 1 and filled into the aerosol 1.

[0109] This kind of aerosol base paint comprises polyurethane-modified resin 80-100 g (binder), water 100-150 g, various adjuvants 2-11 g and DME 75-95 g, packed for example in an aerosol can 1 having a filling volume of 400 ml.

A Specified Composition

[0110] One typical ready-to-use aerosol base paint of the invention, present in a pressurized aerosol can with a filling volume of 400 ml, was prepared as follows: [0111] the polyurethane-modified resin and adjuvants were dispensed into an aerosol can; [0112] the propellant (DME) was added into the aerosol can and the can was sealed to become airtight.

[0113] Thus, the pressurized aerosol can having a filling volume of 400 ml contained the following aerosol base paint components in liquid phase:

TABLE-US-00001 Component amount/g amount % w/w Polyurethane-modified alkyd resin 92.7 30.1 Flow promoter (Capston) 0.8 0.2 Pigment stabilizer (Dextrol) 0.9 0.3 Thickener (Rheolate) 1.8 0.6 Drying agent (Additol) 3.3 1.1 Drying accelerator 2.3 0.7 Monoethanolamine (corrosion inhibitor) 0.8 0.2 Water 121.5 39.5 DME 83.6 27.2 Total 307.0 100.0

[0114] The overall density of this aerosol base paint was about 1 g/cm.sup.3, whereby the volume occupied by the liquid phase of the aerosol can's filling volume (400 ml) was about 300 ml.

[0115] Polyurethane resin has a dry matter content of 10-60% the rest being water. Above is given the proportion of dry polyurethane resin.

[0116] Such an aerosol base paint has a high binder content (about 30% by weight) and low amount of DME (27%) by weight). This aerosol base paint is compatible with most of the commercial dispensing machines for water-based paints, i.e. it can have a pigment (color paste) dispensed therein in a mechanized manner with dispensing devices 2 having a dosing accuracy of 0.1-0.2 ml.

[0117] This aerosol base paint makes it possible to provide a paint coating with any desired gloss level (matte, semi-gloss, glossy). This base paint can be used for preparing non-flammable aerosol paints by adding water and binder.

[0118] One and the same aerosol base paint lends itself to being toned for a precisely desired tint for example with the RAL color matching system (168 color tones) or with the NCS color tone system (1668 color tones).

[0119] Instead of polyurethane-modified alkyd, it is also possible to use binders as follows: acrylic dispersions/emulsions, polyurethane, alkyds, epoxy-modified alkyds, styrene-butadiene emulsions/dispersions.

[0120] Instead of DME, it is also possible to use a mixture of DME along with butane, propane, CO.sub.2 or HFC-134a.

Example 2

[0121] A water-compatible aerosol base paint, in which the binder is an acrylic dispersion: [0122] the acrylic dispersion and an adjuvant (butyl acetate) were dispensed into an aerosol can with a filling volume of 400 ml; [0123] the propellant (DME) was added into the aerosol can and the bottle was sealed to become airtight.

[0124] Thereby was obtained the next aerosol base paint whose density was about 1 g/cm.sup.3. The pressurized liquid phase thereof occupied again a volume of about 300 ml of the aerosol can's filling volume (400 ml)

Aerosol Paint Base Ready to be Tinted Proportion of Component

[0125]

TABLE-US-00002 butyl acetate 4.7% w/w Aqueous acrylic dispersion (binder) 40.8% w/w (about 60% by volume) DME 54.5% w/w (about 30% by volume)

Examples 3A and 3B

Example 3A

[0126] The aerosol base paint of example 1 was modified to get a white base paint and it was packed into an aerosol can with a filling volume of 400 ml and then toned in a mechanized manner with a commercial dispensing machine (see FIG. 1) whose minimum dispensing amount was 0.1 ml of color paste compound.

[0127] The color paste mixture was dispensed into a filling cup of the dispensing machine in an amount 1-50 ml corresponding to color tone recipe, and then into the same filling cup was added 40 ml of binder (polyurethane-modified alkyd resin). Thereby was obtained an aerosol paint toned to readiness for use, the space occupied thereby being 350-400 ml of the aerosol can with a filling volume of 400 ml.

Part A: Filled Aerosol Can

[0128]

TABLE-US-00003 White base paint 247 g (185 ml) DME (dimethyl ether) 73 g (110 ml)

Part B: Filling Cup, Added to Aerosol Can of Part A

[0129]

TABLE-US-00004 Domalkyd 0545 40 Wa or Necowel 586 N (binder) 40 g (40% w/w emulsion in water) Color paste mixture 20-50 g (20-50 ml)

Parts A+B Combined, Main Components of the Formed Aerosol Paint

[0130]

TABLE-US-00005 Binder (Domalkyd 0545 40 Wa or 31% w/w Necowel 586 N) Water 10% w/w DME 19% w/w TiO2 25% w/w Other pigments 5-12% w/w Additives 5-12% w/w, wherein each of the additive is added 0.1-1.5% w/w

White Base Paint Composition and its Volatile Organic Compounds

[0131] Polyurethane modified alkyd emulsion [0132] (Domalkyd 0545 40 Wa or Necowel 586 N) 40% w/w in water, VOC Free

TABLE-US-00006 Siccatief 0.22% w/w [0133] Drier

[0134] Dextrol OC-180 [0135] dispersing agent)

[0136] TiO.sub.2

[0137] Capstone SF 65 [0138] surface tension modifier, VOC free

[0139] BYk 349 [0140] surface tension modifier

[0141] Rheolate 310 [0142] rheology modifier, VOC free

[0143] Diosperbyk 199 [0144] Wetting and dispersive agent, Voc free, pigment stabilizer

[0145] AMP [0146] pH modifier

[0147] Water (demineralized)

[0148] Acemat Ok 520 [0149] solid matting agent

[0150] As can be seen above none of the additives, binder or pigments contains any volatile organic compounds (VOC). The only VOC-source was DME having weight of 19% w/w of the total weight of the readymade aerosol paint in the can (400 ml). The VOC-content of this aerosol paint is 19% and it was non-flammable in a subsequent test.

Example 3B

[0151] The aerosol base paint of example 1 was modified to get a clear base paint and it was packed into an aerosol can with a filling volume of 400 ml and then toned in a mechanized manner with a commercial dispensing machine (see FIG. 1) whose minimum dispensing amount was 0.1 ml of color paste compound.

[0152] The color paste mixture was dispensed into a filling cup of the dispensing machine in an amount 1-50 ml corresponding to color tone recipe, and then into the same filling cup was added 40 ml of binder (polyurethane-modified alkyd resin). Thereby was obtained an aerosol paint toned to readiness for use, the space occupied thereby being 350-400 ml of the aerosol can with a filling volume of 400 ml.

Part A: Filled Aerosol Can

[0153]

TABLE-US-00007 Binder mix clear 185 g (185 ml) about 71% w/w DME (dimethyl ether) 73 g (110 ml) about 28% w/w

Part B: Filling Cup, Added to Aerosol Can of Part A

[0154]

TABLE-US-00008 Domalkyd 0545 40 Wa or Necowel 40 g (40% w/w emulsion in water) 586 N Color paste mixture 20-50 g (20-50 ml)

Parts A+B Combined, Main Components of the Formed Aerosol Pain

[0155]

TABLE-US-00009 Binder (Domalkyd 0545 40 Wa or Necowel 586 N E 150) 48% w/w Water 6% w/w DME 21% w/w Pigments 7-15% w/w Additives 5-10% w/w, wherein each of the additive is added 0.1-1.5% w/w

Clear Binder Mix Paint Composition and its Volatile Organic Compounds

[0156] Polyurethane modified alkyd emulsion [0157] Domalkyd 0545 40 Wa or Necowel 586 N 40% w/w in water, VOC Free

[0158] Borchi oxy coat, Voc free [0159] Drier

[0160] Dextrol OC-180 [0161] dispersing agent)

[0162] TiO.sub.2

[0163] Capstone SF 65 [0164] surface tension modifier, VOC free

[0165] BYk 349 [0166] surface tension modifier

[0167] Rheolate 310 [0168] rheology modifier, VOC free

[0169] Diosperbyk 199 [0170] Wetting and dispersive agent, Voc free, pigment stabilizer

[0171] AMP [0172] pH modifier

[0173] Water (demineralized)

[0174] As can be seen above none of the additives, binder or pigments contains any volatile organic compounds (VOC). The only VOC-source was DME having weight of 19% w/w of the total weight of the readymade aerosol paint in the can (400 ml). The VOC-content of this aerosol paint is 21% w/w and the paint was non-flammable in a subsequent test.

Example 4A and 4B

General

[0175] In the aerosol base paint of example 1, having been packed into an aerosol can with a filling volume of 400 ml, the amount of alkyd resin was modified according to which components were added from a filling cup of 100 ml into the aerosol base paint present in the aerosol can. The filling cup was again functionally in communication with dispensing device 2 of a dispensing machine 10, shown in FIG. 1. The minimum dosing amount of each dispensing elements 22 was 0.1 ml of an individual color paste component.

Example 4A

[0176] The first aerosol base paint, which was modified in terms of the amount of alkyd resin, had been modified in such a way that it could be supplemented from the filling cup 4 of a dispensing machine 10 with a color paste mixture in the amount of 1-35 ml corresponding to each color tone recipe. Additionally, into the filling cup 4 was added a binder and water 50 ml in total from the total volume 100 ml of the filling cup 4 (50% by volume of water, 50% by volume of polyurethane-modified alkyd resin). Thereby is obtained an aerosol paint toned to readiness, the space occupied thereby being 350-400 ml of the aerosol can 1 with a filling volume of 400 ml.

First Aerosol Base Paint Modified in Terms of the Amount of Alkyd Resin

[0177]

TABLE-US-00010 Component amount/g amount/w-% Polyurethane-modified alkyd resin 67.7 22.0 Flow promoter (Capston) 0.8 0.2 Color pigment stabilizer (Dextrol) 0.9 0.3 Thickener (Rheolate) 1.8 0.6 Drying agent (Additol) 3.3 1.1 Drying accelerator 2.3 0.7 Monoethanolamine (corrosion inhibitor) 0.8 0.2 Water 146.5 47.6 DME 83.6 27.2 Total 307 100.0

Example 4B

[0178] In the second modified aerosol base paint, the amount of alkyd resin in the aerosol base paint of example 1 had been changed in such a way that it could be supplemented from a filling cup 4 of the toning and dispensing device with a color paste in the amount of 1-35 ml corresponding to each color tone recipe, and with 50 ml of water. Thereby is obtained an aerosol paint toned to readiness, the space occupied thereby being 350-400 ml of the aerosol can 1 with a filling volume of 400 ml.

Second Aerosol Base Paint Modified in Terms of the Amount of Alkyd Resin

[0179]

TABLE-US-00011 Component amount/g amount/w-% Polyurethane-modified alkyd resin 42.7 13.9 Flow promoter (Capston) 0.8 0.2 Color pigment stabilizer (Dextrol) 0.9 0.3 Thickener (Rheolate) 1.8 0.6 Drying agent (Additol) 3.3 1.1 Drying accelerator 2.3 0.7 Monoethanolamine (corrosion inhibitor) 0.8 0.2 Water 171.5 55.8 DME 83.6 27.2 Total 307 100.0

Example 5

[0180] The aerosol base paint of example 1, having been packed into an aerosol can with a filling volume V of 400 ml in such a way that the liquid solvent phase occupied a 300 ml volume of the aerosol can's entire filling volume. This base point was toned to perfectly white color tone and to perfectly black color tone with the dispensing machine 10 shown in FIG. 1.

[0181] 1) Base Paint

[0182] The aerosol base paint (about 300 ml) has a composition as follows:

[0183] Dry weight 92.6 g/31.2% w/w (mostly binder)

[0184] Total weight 297 g

[0185] 2) White-Toned Ready-to-Use Aerosol Paint

[0186] Composition of the white-toned ready-to-use aerosol paint:

[0187] Dry weight 120.3 g/32.3% w/w (mostly binder)

[0188] Total weight 272 g

[0189] 3) Black-Toned Ready-to-Paint

[0190] Composition of the black-toned ready-to-use aerosol paint:

[0191] Dry weight 115.2 g/31.8 w-% (mostly binder)

[0192] Total weight 263 g

[0193] As seen from the foregoing, both the aerosol base paint and the aerosol paint toned to readiness for use have a dry matter content of about 30% by weight.

Example 6

Water Based Alkyd Base Paint Formulation in a Pressurized Aerosol Can (400 ml)

[0194]

TABLE-US-00012 TABLE 2 Ingredients % w/w Mid-oil alkyd binder Worleesol 61A/65A 1:1(75%) in butyl glycol/sec. butanol/Dowanol PnB 1:1:1 24.6 DMAMP 80 0.3 Butanol 2.1 Ser ad FX thickener 0.0 Drier 0.7 Surface additives 0.2 Anti-foam additive 0.1 Ammonia 0.77 Water 35.0 Surface-tension reducer 0.1 Preservative 0.1 DME 36.0 Total 100.0

[0195] The formulations of examples 6 can be tinted by using dispensing tinting machine shown in FIG. 1.

Example 7

[0196]

TABLE-US-00013 TABLE 1 exemplary binders to previously mentioned broader classes a-f Necowel 4300 Synaqua 4804 Synthalat PWM 883 S Worleesol E330W Necowel 586N Worleesol E927W Domadalkyd 0545 40 Wa WorleeSol NW 410 (class b) Crosscore 5000

[0197] Synaqua 4804

[0198] APEO an ammonia and solvent free short-oil alkyd emulsion (class a)

[0199] Necowel 4300 is a co-solvent free, cationic modified medium-oil alkyd neutralized with ammonia to make it water emulsifiable (class b).

[0200] Synthalat PWM 883 S

[0201] Solvent and surfactant free medium oil urethane alkyd emulsion (class e)

[0202] Necowel 586 N

[0203] Co-solvent free, modified alkyd emulsion medium oil length (class b)

[0204] Worleesol E330W

[0205] A solvent free short-oil modified polyurethane alkyd emulsion (class f)

[0206] Worleesol E927W

[0207] A solvent free short-oil modified polyurethane alkyd emulsion (class f)

[0208] DOMALKYD 0545 40 Wa (class d)

[0209] A anionic emulsion of polyurethane resin,

Properties of Above Mentioned Binders

[0210] NECOWEL 586 N

[0211] Cosolvent free, modified alkyd emulsion medium oil length (class b)

[0212] Necowel 586 N is an aromatic PU-modified alkyd emulsion with medium oil length.

[0213] The emulsion does not contain APEO and is free of VOC and SVOC

[0214] Analytical Data

[0215] Solid content: 47-50%

[0216] Oil length: approx. 50%

[0217] Type of oil: soybean oil

[0218] Viscosity: 2.0-3.5 Pas, 20 C.

[0219] pH-value: 7-8

[0220] Solvent: water

[0221] DOMALKYD 0545 40 Wa (class d)

[0222] CHARACTERISTICS

[0223] Domalkyd 0545 40 Wa is anionic emulsion of polyurethane resin, modified with vegetable fatty acids. Supplied as 40% in water.

[0224] PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS:

TABLE-US-00014 Non-volatile content 40 1% DIN EN ISO 3251 Oil content approx. 44% Hydroxyl content (resin solid) approx. 1% DIN ISO 4629 Viscosity (100 1/s, 23 C.) 50-500 mPas DIN EN ISO 3219 pH 7-8 DIN 19268 Density approx. 1.02 g/cm.sup.3 ISO 2811

[0225] SPECIAL PROPERTIES: Rapid air drying, high gloss and excellent flow.

[0226] Outstanding adhesion and elasticity. High hardness, good water and chemical resistance.

[0227] APPLICATIONS: Domalkyd 0545 40 Wa is used for yellowing-resistant top coats and one-coat paints for industrial application (air and forced drying and stowing systems) on wood, steel and aluminium with excellent gloss retention and elasticity. Domalkyd 0545 40 Wa contains no emulsifiers and may be thinned with water at all ratios. Coating systems based on Domalkyd 0545 40 Wa exhibit very rapid physical drying. However, it is advisable to use some water based dryer. The siccative should be added carefully during agitation. Domalkyd 0545 40 Wa can be blended with water reducible melamine resin. Baking conditions depends on reactivity of melamine resin (max. 140 C.).

Synaqua 4804 (Class c)

[0228] Synaqua is a short oil alkyd emulsion. APEO and ammonia free, low VOC alternative available (below 50 g/l).

TABLE-US-00015 Total solids 50 1% w/w Viscosity 300 Cps Density 9.9 pH 7.0 Solvent: water

WorleeSol NW 410

[0229] This is a solvent free medium oil special modified alkyd emulsion (class d). Appearance milky liquid delivery form 46% in water

TABLE-US-00016 Non-volatile content 46% 2 Oil content (1h/125 C.), approx. 40%. Defined: DIN EN ISO 3251 Viscosity, 20 C. max. 3,000 mPas defined: Brookfield, spindle 4/20 rpm, DIN EN ISO 2555 Density in 23 C. 1.050 g/cm.sup.3 Defined: DIN EN ISO 2811-1.

[0230] WorleeSol NW 410 resin can be used for the manufacturing of water thinnable decorative and d.i.y. paints, which especially show a good brushability, excellent levelling and good filling properties. It is especially recommended for high gloss top coats. The formulation of wood protection stains is also possible.

Necowel 4300

[0231] Cationic modified medium-oil alkyd neutralized with ammonia co-solvent free, to make it water emulsifiable (class b).

TABLE-US-00017 Solid content 41-45% Oil length approx. 35% Viscosity (25 C.) 50-150 mPa .Math. s pH 5.5-6.5 Solvent: water

Crosscore 5000

[0232] A medium oil alkyl emulsion at 50% solids (class d).

[0233] Properties:

[0234] Medium to short oil alkyd emulsion Oil length 40%

[0235] Appearance milky white Solids 50%

[0236] Contains oil type soybean fatty acid co-solvent free and Amine free

[0237] Particle size200 nm

[0238] Viscosity 20 mPas at 23 C. pH7.

[0239] This resin is an example of resins of broader class d)

[0240] Additional properties: alkyd emulsion which is VOC free and don't need co-solvents to dry. There is no further VOC release after through drying and hardening.

[0241] Use: Interior and exterior primers and topcoats for wood, metal and joinery application, Corrosion resistant primers.

Worleesol E330W

[0242] Short oil modified PU alkyd emulsion, water thinnable (class f)

TABLE-US-00018 Non-volatile content 42 2 defined: DIN EN ISO 3251 Oil content about 33% Viscosity max 10,000 mPa .Math. s defined DIN EN ISO 2555 Acid value, on solids 15-20 defined DIN EN ISO 2555 pH 7.5-8.5 Density 20 C 1.046 g/cm.sup.3 defined DIN EN 151 2811-1 Delivery: 42% in water, VOC free.

Worleesol E927W

[0243] Short oil PU alkyd emulsion (class f), for water-borne solvent systems

[0244] Good compatibility with acrylic dispersions

TABLE-US-00019 Non-volatile content 40% 2 Defined: DIN EN ISO 3251 Oil content approx. 27% Density, 20 C., approx. 1.04 g/cm.sup.3 Defined: DIN EN ISO 2811-1 Acid value, on solids, max. 30 Defined: DIN EN ISO 3682 pH-value 6.8-7.5 Defined: DIN ISO 976 Viscosity (20 C.), max. 10.000 mPas Defined: DIN EN ISO 2555 Appearance milky liquid

Synthalat PWM 883 S

[0245] Solvent and surfactant free, urethane alkyd emulsion based on medium oil resin, with xylene below 0.1% upper lower

TABLE-US-00020 Oil content approx. 45% Special drying fatty acid Supplied 45 % in water viscosity in mPas 200-700 (as supplied) (in-house method AV-F-V005) non-volatile content 45 2% (as supplied) (in-house method AV-F-F003) pH-value 7.0-9.0 (as supplied) (in-house method AV-F-P001) acid value in mg KOH/g < 30 (house method AV-F-S001) Organic solvents acetone < 0.3%

[0246] Synthalat PWM 883/45% is suitable as sole binder for fast drying water based industrial lacquers with reduced amount of dryers.

Additives

[0247] In the present invention additives as selected to be either VOC-free or having low VOC-content. The VOC-values for any additive can be easily taken from supplier's product catalogues and safety datasheets. If there is any volatile organic compound in a specified additive, it must be mentioned in the safety datasheet for this additive.

[0248] Below have been given some non-restrictive guidelines for choosing VOC-free and low-VOC additives for aerosol paint compositions of the present invention.

[0249] Wetting and dispersing additives for waterborne application use electrosteric stabilization. The amount of added dispersing depends mainly on the pigment quality being usually on the very broad range of 6-90% calculated from the amount of the pigment.

[0250] Some exemplary VOC-free wetting and dispersing additives for water-borne paints:

[0251] Byk 191, which is a solution of a copolymer with pigment-affinity groups in water. The additive deflocculates pigments by means of steric stabilization.

[0252] TECO Dispers 653, which is a pigment-wetting and dispersing additive. This additive has modified polyether with groups of high pigment affinity.

[0253] Defoaming agents. To prevent foam and destroy any foam present, defoamers have to be added to the formulation. Most defoamers are also effective to some degree as deaerators and the reverse is true. A defoamer must be insoluble in the formulation to be defoamed where it should be present in the form of finely divided droplets. Furthermore, it is necessary for it to be sufficiently compatible with the medium to be defoamed not to cause surface defects such as craters. Most used defoaming agents are polydimethylsiloxanes and modified polysiloxanes.

[0254] Some examples of VOC-free defoamers/deaerators:

[0255] Tego Airex 902W. Emulsion of a polyether siloxane copolymer, contains fumed silica. Non-volatile content approx. 24%. Addition level calculated on total formulation: 0.2-3.0%.

[0256] Tego Foamex 840. Polyether siloxane copolymer, silica-free. Technical informationappearance clear liquidactive matter content 100%

[0257] Addition level calculated on total formulation: 0.05-0.5%. Addition may be either in the grind or during the let-down procedure.

[0258] Byk 1617. Emulsion of foam-destroying polysiloxanes, hydrophobic solids and emulsifying agents. Density (20 C.): 1.00 g/ml Non-volatile matter (60 min, 105 C.): 12.5%. Carrier:Water

[0259] Viscosity modifiers. In waterborne formulations, the binder is in the form of dispersed polymer particles so that regulation of the flow behavior by changing the molecular weight is not possible. Rheological additives (thickeners) must therefore be used to adjust the flow properties of waterborne coatings and printing inks. Rheological additives can be roughly separated into inorganic and organic thickeners or thickeners for solvent borne or waterborne coatings.

[0260] Below are examples of modified inorganic thickeners for solvent borne and water-borne systems. This list is not intended to be comprehensive.

[0261] Water-borne and solvent-borne systems: Bentonite, synthetic lattice-layer silicate, pyrogenic silica (sometimes organically modified).

[0262] Examples of organic thickeners for waterborne and solvent borne systems include: polyureas, cellulose derivatives, polyamides. Examples of organic thickeners for water borne coatings include: associative thickeners, non-associative thickeners.

[0263] Adhesion promoters (AP) are bi-functional materials that increase adhesive strength between the coating and the substrate and sometimes are referred to as coupling agents.

[0264] Titanates and zirconates are coupling agents and adhesion promoters that increase impact strength and chemical resistance and enhance physical, compounding and application properties.

[0265] Monomeric phosphate chemistries and phosphate esters are materials used in free-radical emulsion polymerization and provide wet adhesion bonding to the substrate.

Oligomeric Silanes

[0266] The first-generation coupling agents that are still used to improve adhesion are mono-functional. These mono-functional silane adhesion promoters are more and more substituted by oligomers. The oligomer molecules have a moderately high molecular weight and multiple functionality in both types of reactive groups: Methoxy (OCH.sub.3) groups, directly linked to silicon (Si) atoms, which form a covalent bond with the hydroxyl (OH) groups of the metal substrate. Epoxy groups that co-crosslink with the binder system during film formation. The core of the additive is formed by a strong siloxane network that has excellent resistance against, for example, hydrolysis, chemicals and UV radiation. Despite the increased molecular weight, compared to mono-functional silanes, the oligomer has a low viscosity and a broad compatibility.

Example 8

Aging Comparison Test

General

[0267] The spray pattern delivered from an aerosol can is a combination of the content of the can proportions, being the amount of liquefied propellant, the pressure, viscosity and of course how fine are the solid particles that have to be transported through the valve and the actuator.

[0268] As an indication the diameter of the openings in the valve and actuator during the spraying are between 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.

[0269] This means if paint in the can starts to flocculate or is the binder gets attacked by the propellant (DME) and cloaks together this will have a direct impact on the spray result. This can lead to solid particles disturbing the wet film and being visible in the dry film until totally blocking of the valve and actuator.

[0270] Aging tests have been done with the formulations 1-3.

Formulation 1

Colored Top Coat Based on Mix of Polyurethane Modified Short and Medium Oil Alkyd Emulsion (Composition According to Invention)

[0271]

TABLE-US-00021 Ingredients % w/w Worleesol E927W 25.00 Domalkyd 0545 40 Wa or Necowel 586N 30.00 dispersing agent byk 191 0.25 defoamer byk 015 0.20 flow/slip additive tego glide 110 0.18 thickener (Tixothrope)Tafigel pur 60 0.10 thickener (tixothrope) Byk 525 0.16 color paste mixture 10.00 Water 11.11 Dimethyl ether 23.00 Total 100.00

Formulation 3I: Acrylic Dispersion Based Colored Top Coat

[0272]

TABLE-US-00022 Ingredients % w/w EPS 294 (405 w/w in water) 35.00 thickener Rheolate 310 0.40 Tego glide 110 0.30 Bentone SD2 0.13 Color paste mixture 8.00 Texanol (solvent no VOC) 4.00 3-pentanediol, 2,2,4- trimethylmonoisobutyrate) Water 17.17 dimethyl ether (DME) 35.00 Total 100.00

Formulation 3I

Clear Acrylic Varnish

[0273]

TABLE-US-00023 Ingredients % w/w Joncryl 538 (acrylic dispersion) 32.40 Joncryl 683 (low mol weight acryl 98% in solvent) 9.00 diethyleneglycol monobutylether (non-flammable 4.00 but it will burn. UEL 6.2 LEL 0.9% in air) Isopropanol 3.00 Defoamer byk 015 0.30 Acemat 520 (hydrophobic fumed silica) 0.40 Thickener DSX 3290 0.55 water 10.35 Dimethyl Ether 40.00 Total 100.00

Results

[0274] After aging tests in the oven at 40 C. and 20 C. with intervals of 1 week spray test have been performed.

Formulation I

[0275] 1 week high gloss good opacity no spray defects Eventually this formulation has a shelf life of app 3 years at 20 C.

Formulation 2

[0276] 1 week little lower gloss than fresh can at start of the test. opacity ok

[0277] 2 weeks solid particles in the spray interrupting the spray pattern and visible in the wet and dry film.

[0278] 3 weeks after vigorously shaking the shaking balls were free a pray attempt was made but the valve/actuator system was blocked completely. After degassing the can (uncultured with a pin) the paint in the can was observed. It showed total coagulated binder and color pigment.

[0279] Conclusion: not stable, short shelf life

Formulation 3

[0280] Immediately (timeframe app 1H) after making the can it was impossible to spray for the moment the actuator was pushed down the valve and the actuator blocked completely.

[0281] After degassing the can (uncultured with a pin) the paint in the can was observed. It showed total coagulated binder and color pigment.

[0282] Conclusion: Nor stable, very short shelf life