Abstract
A sutureless device and methods for closing a tissue opening that minimizes the labor, cost, and skill typically required is disclosed. The apparatus comprises two anchors that attach to either side of an open tissue wound. The two anchors are connected together by a tie strip; the tie strip has a plurality of teeth and a rack. As the wound edges and anchors are brought together the ratchet system on the tie strip prevents the anchors and tissue wound from reopening. To control the distance between the two anchors, a rack and pinion system and a key or a lever system is utilized. The rack is located on the tie strip and the pinion is located on the key.
Claims
1. A tissue closing device comprising: a receiving base having a receiving body; an anchor base having a tie strip comprising a plurality of teeth and a rack, the tie strip receivable within the receiving body; the receiving body having a slide port and a pawl extending into the slide port; a key having a pinion, the pinion corresponding to the rack on the tie strip; wherein rotational motion to the key causes the rack on the tie strip to move relative to the pinion, thereby translating the rotational motion of the pinion into linear motion of the tie strip and the anchor base, such that the distance between the anchor base and the receiving base decreases; the teeth and the pawl maintains the distance between the anchor base and receiving base.
2. The tissue closing device of claim 1, further comprising a coupler that connects two or more tissue closing devices, forming an array.
3. The tissue closing device of claim 1, wherein the tissue closing device comprises an arc shape.
4. A tissue closing device comprising: an anchor base and a receiving base each curved to conform to a shape of a body part; the receiving base having a receiving body; the anchor base comprising a tie strip having a plurality of teeth, and a rack; wherein the tie strip connects with the anchor base; the receiving body comprising a pawl for engaging with the teeth on the tie strip;
5. The tissue closing device of claim 4, further comprising a releasable key having a pinion corresponding with the rack on the tie strip; wherein rotational motion to the key causes the rack on the tie strip to move relative to the pinion, thereby translating the rotational motion of the pinion into linear motion of the tie strip and the anchor base, such that the distance between the anchor base and the receiving base decreases.
6. The tissue closing device of claim 4, further comprising a lever having a lever clasp, wherein movement of the lever causes the lever clasp to engage with the teeth or the rack and thereby move the tie strip and anchor base in relation to the receiving base.
Description
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] The invention may take form in certain parts and arrangement of parts, and preferred embodiment of which will be described in detail in the specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, which for a part hereof:
[0021] FIG. 1 shows an elevated side plan view of the tissue closing device of the invention;
[0022] FIG. 2 shows an array of the tissue closing device, illustrating how each tissue closing device is connected to the other tissue closing devices; in addition shows a key releasably connected to one of the tissue closing devices in the array;
[0023] FIG. 3 shows a side view of the tissue closing device that shows the device attached to a user's skin and a tie strip bridging over an open tissue wound;
[0024] FIG. 4 shows a side view of the tissue closing device that shows the device attached to a user's skin and a tie strip bridging over the tissue wound with the tissue wound closed and the wound's edges properly aligned; in addition, shows a badged covering the device and the tissue wound;
[0025] FIG. 5 shows a bottom view of an array of the tissue closing device; showing the locations of the adhesive pads and an adhesive cover;
[0026] FIG. 6 shows a top view of an array of tissue closing devices, illustrating how the location of each tissue closing device may vary based upon the type and location of the tissue wound;
[0027] FIG. 7 shows a side view of the tissue closing device with an open wound showing how the tissue closing device bridges over an open wound, also illustrating how a key is position onto receiving base;
[0028] FIG. 8. shows a cross section view of the tissue closing device, showing how the teeth located on a tie strip interacts with a latch and a pawl;
[0029] FIG. 9. shows a top view of the device with the key placed on the receiving anchor;
[0030] FIG. 10 shows an elevated side view of an array of tissue closing devices and the key;
[0031] illustrating variable number of tissue closing devices that may be combined in the array;
[0032] FIG. 11 shows an elevated side view of an array of the receiving anchors, illustrating the connection between each device is flexible and the array may be adjustable for jagged wounds or adjust to the contour of the body;
[0033] FIG. 12 shows the a bottom view of the key;
[0034] FIG. 13 shows an array of the tissue closing devices, illustrating how a user may utilize a cutting device such as scissors to separate the tissue closing devices;
[0035] FIG. 14 shows an elevated side view of an array of the devices, illustrating the connection between each device is flexible and the array may be adjustable for arced tissue wounds or adjust to the contour of the body;
[0036] FIG. 15 illustrates an elevated side view of the device that includes a lock that prevents movement of the tie strip;
[0037] FIG. 16 shows a top view of the device with the lock that prevents movement of the tie strip;
[0038] FIG. 17 shows a side view of the device with the lock in a closed position, therefore would prevent movement of the tie strip;
[0039] FIG. 18 shows a side view of the device with the lock in an open position, therefore allowing movement of the tie strip;
[0040] FIG. 19 shows a side view of the device with a lever; the lever being integrally formed with the receiving base;
[0041] FIG. 20 shows an elevated side view of the device with a lever that is integrally formed with receiving base;
[0042] FIG. 21 shows an elevated side view of the device with a removable lever;
[0043] FIG. 22 shows an elevated side view of the device that is formed in a shape arc to match the contours of the body, such as a finger.
[0044]
TABLE-US-00001 Drawing Reference Numbers 2 Tissue closing device 4 Anchor base 6 Receiving base 8 Tie strip 9 Array 10 Receiving body 12 boss 14 Latch 15 Pawl 16 Teeth 18 Rack 20 starting end 22 Anchor buttress 24 Tip 25 Recess 26 pad 27 Adhesive cover 28 Adhesive 29 Cover tab 30 Slide port 32 Cross member 34 Side 36 Coupler 38 Scissors 50 Key 52 Handle 54 Pinion 56 Orifice 58 Shaft 60 Lock 62 Lock hook 64 Catch 70 Lever 72 pivot point 74 Lever clasp 76 Lever mortise 100 Tissue wound 102 Skin 104 Bandage
DESCRIPTION
[0045] The following discussion describes embodiments of the invention and several variations of these embodiments. This discussion should not be construed, however, as limiting the invention to these particular embodiments. Practitioners skilled in the art will recognize numerous other embodiments as well. It is not necessary that the device have all the features described below with regard to the specific embodiment of the invention shown in the figures.
[0046] In the following description of the invention, certain terminology is used for the purpose of reference only and is not intended to be limiting. Terms such as upper, lower, above, and below refer to directions in the drawings to which reference is made. Terms such as inward and outward refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of the component described. Terms such as side, top, bottom, horizontal, and vertical describe the orientation of portions of the component within a consistent but arbitrary frame of reference which is made clear by reference to the text and the associated drawings describing the component under discussion. Such terminology includes words specifically mentioned above, derivatives thereof, and words of similar import.
[0047] Referring generally to FIGS. 1 through 22, a tissue closing device 2 comprising of an anchor base 4, a receiving base 6, and a tie strip 8 for closing a tissue wound 100. As shown in FIGS. 3, 7, 9, and 10, a key 50 comprising of a handle 52 and pinion 54. Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 17, 18, 19 and 20 comprising the use of a lever 70. Each item will be discussed in detail below.
[0048] As illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, the anchor base 4 and the receiving base 6 attach to a patient's skin 102. The anchor base 4 is attached near the edge of a tissue wound 100. The receiving base 6 is attached on the opposite side near the edge of the tissue wound 100. The anchor base 4 and the receiving base 6 is preferably composed of a semi-rigid material such as nylon or plastic; however, flexible materials, metals or any semi-rigid materials are suitable for use in the present invention. The width and length of the anchor base 4 and the receiving base 6 vary based upon the size of the tissue wound 100. Larger tissue wounds 100 will require a larger sized anchor base 4 and receiving base 6. In application, a user would have a variety of different sizes available, and the user would select the appropriate size tissue closing device 2 determined by the size of the tissue wound 100. In addition, as shown in FIG. 22, the tissue closing device 2 may be curved or arced to conform with the shape of the body, such as a finger or chin. The specific shape of the anchor base 4 and the receiving base 6 may also vary.
[0049] Located on the bottom of the anchor base 4 and the receiving base 6 is an adhesive 28. The adhesive 28 is for attaching the anchor base 4 and the receiving base 6 to the patient's skin 102. The adhesive 28 is generally any hydrophilic adhesive or medical adhesive agent such as a hydrocolloid, a hydrogel, or an acrylic polymer. However, many different types of adhesives 28 may work and are well known in the profession. As one skilled in the art will recognize, if the size of the anchor base 4 and the receiving base 6 increases, the surface area of the adhesive 28 increases, thus increasing the strength of the connection between the skin 102 and the anchor base 4 or receiving base 6.
[0050] To increase the comfort of the patient, a pad 26 may be placed between the adhesive 28 and the bottom of the anchor base 4 or the receiving base 6. The pad 26 may be installed in a recess 25 located on the base of the anchor base 4 and the receiving base 6. The shape and depth of the recess 25 is similar to the pad 26. The pad 26 will typically be flexible and more elastic than the anchor base 4 and the receiving base 6. The flexibility of the pad 26 will help maintain adhesion, minimize blister, and reduce irritation as well as adapts to irregularities of the surface of the skin 102.
[0051] As seen in FIG. 5, an adhesive cover 27 protects the adhesive 28. In addition, the adhesive cover 27 helps keep the adhesive 28 free of bacteria or viruses. The adhesive cover 27 is a protective layer that may be peeled away immediately prior to use. Generally, the adhesive cover 27 is coated paper but may be made of plastic or any other suitable material. The adhesive cover 27 must be easily removable by the user. In application, many users will use protective gloves to assist them in obtaining a stronger grip on the adhesive cover 27. A tab 29 is located on the edge of the adhesive cover 27. The tab 29 is generally made of the same material as the adhesive cover 27.
[0052] As illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, the tie strip 8 connects the receiving base 6 and the anchor base 4 by bridging over the tissue wound 100. The tie strip 8 comprises a starting end 20, a tip 24, a rack 18, and a plurality of teeth 16. Generally, the tie strip 8 is comprised of the same material as the anchor base 4 and the receiving base 6. The starting end 20 is attached to the anchor base 4. To increase the strength of the connection between the starting end 20 and the anchor base 4, additional anchor buttresses 22 may be added. In the preferred embodiment, the tie strip 8, anchor buttress 22, and the anchor base 4 are integrally formed from the same material. Located at the opposite end of the longitudinal axis of the tie strip 8 is the tip 24. The tip 24 has a spearhead shape to allow the user to easily insert the tie strip 8 into a receiving body 10. The tie strip 8 length, width and thickness vary based upon the size of the tissue wound 100 and the actual need. However, the size of the tie strip 8 must be able to withstand a tension force to prevent the tissue wound 100 from reopening.
[0053] Located on the top of the tie strip 8 are the teeth 16. The teeth 16 are axially spaced along the longitudinal axis of the tie strip 8 for engaging with a pawl 15, which is described below. Located on the side of the tie strip 8 is the rack 18. The rack 18 is essentially an axially spaced gear bar that engages with the pinion 54 or lever 70 as illustrated in FIG. 15 or any other mechanical device which will incrementally close the distance between receiving base 6 and anchor base 4. located on the key 50. As one skilled in the art will recognize, the location of the rack 18 and the teeth 16 may be located on any side of the tie strip 8.
[0054] FIG. 8 is an illustration of the receiving body 10 that is located on the receiving base 6. The receiving body 10 includes a slide port 30, a cross member 32, two slides 34, and a latch 14. The slide port 30 is an opening for reception of the tie strip 8. The size of the slide port 30 is slightly larger than the size of the tie strip 8, such that the tie strip 8 will easily glide into the slide port 30 but small enough to prevent the tie strip 8 from freely moving. Generally, the receiving body 10 is integrally formed on the receiving base 6.
[0055] As shown in FIG. 8, a latch 14 is pivotally connected to the receiving body 10. However, the connection only allows the latch 14 to move when a force is applied to it. The latch 14 includes the pawl 15 that extends from the latch 14 into the slide port 30. As the tie strip 8 is passed through the slide port 30, the slope of the teeth 16 push the pawl 15 away from the tie strip 8, allowing the tie strip 8 to slide further into the receiving body 10. When tension is applied to the tie strip 8 to withdraw it from the receiving body 10, the latch 14 acts to position the pawl 15 so that the pawl 15 firmly grips one of the teeth 16. Thus the pawl 15 only allows the tie strip 8 to move in one direction. If the user wishes to withdraw the strap 8 from the receiving body 10, the user must intentionally lift the latch 14 so that the pawl 15 is raised above the teeth 16.
[0056] As illustrated in FIGS. 15 and 16, a lock 60 is located on the latch 14. The lock 60 prevents the movement of the tie strip 8 in any direction. The lock 60 extends down from the latch 14 parallel to the sides 34. Located at the end of the lock 60 is a lock hook 62. Located on the sides 34 is a catch 64. To prevent movement of the tie strip 8, the user pushes the latch 14 towards the receiving base 6. The movement of the latch 14 lowers the pawl 15 towards the teeth 16 so that the pawl 15 creates an interference fit with one of the teeth 16 and prevents movement of the tie strip 8. To prevent the latch 14 from returning to it normal location, the lock hook 62 engages with the catch 64 as shown in FIG. 17.
[0057] As described above and shown in FIGS. 3 and 12, the key 50 is releasably connected to the anchor base 4. The key 50 comprises the handle 52 and the pinion 54. The handle 52 is of a size that allows the user to easily grip it and apply a rotational force to the key 50. The handle 52 may have several different shapes and sizes. Located at the base of the key 50 is the pinion 54. The pinion 54 generally has a gear-like shape and corresponds with the rack 18 located on the tie strip 8. A shaft 58 is positioned between the pinion 54 and the handle 52 to raise the handle 52 above the receiving base 6. The key 50 is made of any semi-rigid or rigid materials such as nylon, plastic or metal. However, other suitable materials may also be utilized such as metals.
[0058] Located at the base of the key 50 and in the center of the pinion 54 is an orifice 56. Located on the receiving base 6 is a boss 12. Generally, the boss 12 has a circular shape. The orifice 56 has a size and shape slightly larger than the boss 12, such that the user may place the orifice 56 over the boss 12, creating a tight fit, yet allow the user to freely turn the key 50. One skilled in the art will acknowledge that there are several embodiments for releasably connecting the key 50 to the receiving base 6. One such embodiment is the receiving base 6 have a recessed well in order to receive the key 50.
[0059] One embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 19 and 20, which utilizes a lever 70. The lever 70 releasably connects to and engages receiving body 10. Located at the base of the lever 70 is a lever clasp 74. The lever clasp 74 extends towards the tie strip 8 and the teeth 16. The lever 70 acts as a ratchet, advancing the tie strip 8 forward with precise control. When the users actuates the lever 70, the lever 70 pivots at the pivot point 72 and causes the lever clasp 74 to move. The lever clasp 74 engages with one of the teeth 16 and pushes the tie strip 8 and the anchor base 4 towards the receiving base 6. When the tissue wound 100 is closed, the lever 70 is removed or positioned parallel to the body of the tie strip 8 to prevent interference with a bandage 104. FIGS. 19 and 20 shows the lever 70 integrally formed with the receiving base 6. However, FIG. 21 shows an alternative way for the lever 70 attaching to the receiving base 6 by utilizing a Lever mortise 76. One who is skilled in the art would recognize that there are several methods of creating pivot point 72 and creating a method for advancing tie strip 8.
[0060] As illustrated in FIGS. 3, 4, and 10, a coupler 36 may connect several tissue closing devices 2 together in an array 9. The coupler 36 may connect to either or both the anchor base 4 and the receiving base 6. While FIGS. 3, 4, and 10 show four couplers 36 connecting each tissue closing device 2, different multiples of couplers 36 may be utilized. The coupler 36 may be made from any flexible or semi-flexible material such as nylon. The flexibility, compressability or expandability of the coupler 36 allows the user to adjust the location of each tissue closing device 2. As illustrated in FIG. 6., the coupler 36 is easily severed. However, in some embodiments, the coupler 36 is rigid and resilient.
[0061] In practice, an array 9 of tissue closing devices 2 are supplied to the user. The user determines the number of tissue closing devices 2 required to properly close the tissue wound 100 and removes the excess tissue closing devices 2 from the array 9. FIG. 4 shows a pair of scissors 38 or other cutting devices needed to separate the tissue closing device 2. If the tissue wound 100 is extremely jagged or located on a curved or rounded portion of the body, the user may separate all the tissue closing devices 2. Preferably, the longitudinal axis of each tissue closing device 2 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tissue wound 100 at a particular point on the tissue wound.
[0062] As shown in FIG. 4, a thin film bandage 104 is position over the entire device 2 and wound 100. Typically, the bandage 104 is a transparent film, but could be opaque and of various different materials. The bandage 104 is to protect the wound 100 from bacteria and debris. In addition, the bandage 104 prevents the device 2 from being snagged on outside objects. Furthermore, the bandage 104 keeps the adhesive 28 more securely fastened to the skin 102. This may in turn be covered by a bulkier protective covering of various materials.
[0063] The method to operate the tissue wound device 2, the user removes the adhesive cover 27 from the back of the anchor base 4 and the receiving base 6. The adhesive 28 connects the anchor base 4 and the receiving base 6 to the skin 102. Specifically, the anchor base 4 is placed next to the edge of the tissue wound 100. The receiving base 6 is placed on the opposing side of the tissue wound 100. The tip 24 is inserted into the slide port 30 located on the receiving base 6. However, the tip 24 may be inserted during the manufacturing process.
[0064] The key 50 is then inserted onto the boss 12 located on the receiving base 6. As the user turns the key 50, rotational motion of the pinion 54 is converted into a linear motion of the tie strip 8 and the anchor base 4 in such a way that the distance between the anchor base 4 and the receiving base 6 decreases. An alternative to the key 50, is the utilization of the lever 70.
[0065] As the space between the anchor base 4 and the receiving base 6 decreases, the skin 102 is pulled together and closes the tissue wound 100. The teeth 16 and the pawl 15 maintain the distance between the anchor base 4 and the receiving base 6. This system allows the user to carefully make incremental movements of the skin 102. Once the wound is appropriately closed, the lock 60 may be utilized to prevent any movement.
[0066] While a preferred embodiment of the invention of the device has been shown and described herein, it should, however, be understood that the description above contains many specifics that should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Thus, the scope of the embodiment should be determined by the appended claims and their legal equivalents thereof, rather than by the examples given.
