Composite of Heat Sink and Electrical and/or Electronic Component

Abstract

Various embodiments include a composite comprising: a cooling system; a surface to be cooled including at least a part of an electrical and/or electronic component; and a set of chemical bonds joining the cooling system to the surface.

Claims

1. A composite comprising: a cooling system; a surface to be cooled including at least a part of an electrical and/or electronic component; and a set of chemical bonds joining the cooling system to the surface.

2. The composite as claimed in claim 1, wherein the set of chemical bonds includes at least one bond selected from the group consisting of: van der Waals bonds, ionogenic bombs, and covalent bonds.

3. The composite as claimed in claim 1, wherein the set of chemical bonds comprise polar bonds constructed via functional groups comprising at least one polarizing functional group selected from the group consisting of: a halogen-, a sulfur-, an oxygen-, and a nitrogen-containing functional group.

4. The composite as claimed in claim 1, obtained by additive manufacturing.

5. The composite as claimed in claim 4, wherein the surface of the electrical and/or electronic component serves as a print bed and the cooling system is constructed by means of 3D printing.

6. The composite as claimed in claim 4, wherein the cooling system comprises a print material including at least one reactive group for construction selected from the group consisting of: a halogen, a halide, a pseudohalogen, a pseudohalide, an amino group, an amide group, an aldehyde group, a keto group, a carboxyl group, a thiol group, a hydroxyl group, an acryloyloxy group, a methacryloyloxy group, an epoxy group, an isocyanate group, an ester group, a sulfo group, a phosphoric acid group, and a vinyl group.

7. The composite as claimed in claim 6, wherein the reactive groups are printed in the form of organometallic compounds.

8. The composite as claimed in claim 7, wherein at least one organometallic compound is present, for example, in the form of a complex-type compound with one or more ligands.

9. The composite as claimed in claim 8, wherein the complex-type compound comprises a central atom selected from the group consisting of silicon, aluminum, zirconium, and titanium.

10. The composite as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a waterglass.

11. The composite as claimed in claim 10, wherein the waterglass comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of: silicon-, zirconium-, and aluminum-oxygen bonds.

12. The composite as claimed in claim 1, wherein the printable compounds comprises pastes or a dispersion.

13. The composite as claimed in claim 1, wherein the printable compounds are in pure form or in a mixture with a solvent.

14. The composite as claimed in claim 1, wherein the printable materials comprise thermally conductive particles, for example those that are based on metals and/or ceramics.

15. (canceled)

16. The composite as claimed in claim 14, wherein the filler comprises particles in platelet form, rod form, and/or bead form.

17. The composite as claimed in claim 14, wherein the filler is present in an amount of 20% to 70% by volume, based on the material to be printed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Accordingly, the present disclosure describes composites composed of a cooling system and a surface to be cooled that is part of an electrical and/or electronic component, wherein the composite is joined together by the formation of chemical, especially covalent, bonds. In some embodiments, there are chemical bonds in the form of van der Waals bonds, ionogenic bombs and/or covalent bonds in the composite. In some embodiments, the chemical bonds in the composite are in the form of polar bonds constructed via polarizing halogen-, sulfur-, oxygen- and/or nitrogen-containing functional groups.

[0018] In some embodiments, the composite is obtainable by means of 3D printing. In some embodiments, the print bed is the surface of the electrical and/or electronic component and the cooling system is constructed by means of 3D printing. In some embodiments, the composite is one composed of a cooling system disposed on a surface to be cooled that is part of an electrical and/or electronic component, wherein the composite is obtainable by means of 3D printing, wherein the print bed is the surface of the electrical and/or electronic component and the cooling system is constructed thereon by means of 3D printing.

[0019] In some embodiments, the material to be printed for construction of the cooling system comprises at least one reactive group selected from the following groups: halogen/halide such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine atom; pseudohalogen/pseudohalide such as CN group, SCN group; amino group, amide group, aldehyde group, keto group, carboxyl group, thiol group, hydroxyl group, acryloyloxy group, methacryloyloxy group, epoxy group, isocyanate group, ester group, sulfo group, phosphoric acid group, vinyl group. These groups are printable, for example, in the form of organometallic compounds, and in turn, for example, in the form of complex-type compounds having one or more ligands comprising one or more of the abovementioned groups. Examples of suitable central atoms of a complex-type organometallic compound are silicon, aluminum, zirconium and/or titanium.

[0020] In some embodiments, it is possible to print what are called waterglasses, i.e. fundamentally liquid sodium/potassium silicates that solidify via silicization. The term waterglass also includes liquid compounds capable of silicization that are constructed exactly like the abovementioned waterglasses. These are compounds comprising, for example, silicon-, zirconium- and/or aluminum-oxygen bonds such as SiOSi, AlOAl, SiOAl, ZrOZr, SiOZr, ZrOAlOSi, SiOAlOZr, and any further combinations thereof.

[0021] In some embodiments, the material to be printed is in the form, for example, of a paste and/or in the form of a dispersion. In some embodiments, the material to be printed is, for example, in pure form or in a mixture with a solvent. In some embodiments, the printed materials comprise thermally conductive particles, for example those based on metals and/or ceramics. Suitable thermally conductive particles, apart from the known metallic or ceramic particles, for example those based on metal oxides, are also, for example, nitrides as well, such as boron nitride. The fillers may be in one or more fraction(s) comprising particles in platelet form, rod form and/or bead form.

[0022] Filler fraction in the present disclosure refers, for example, to one type of filler, whether in terms of size, shape of the material and/or construction. The fillers may be coated and uncoated and may take the form of core-shell particles, of solid particles and/or of hollow particles, or of any mixtures thereof.

[0023] In some embodiments, the materials are printed in the form of aluminosilicate hybrid materials and/or waterglasses. The use of 1-K (one-component) or 2-K (two-component) systems in printing has been found to be especially advantageous. The printing of 2-K systems by the methods mentioned below is known to the person skilled in the art. The printable materials solidify and/or harden in the course of printing, followed by post-curing that may be in thermal or UV-initiated form.

[0024] In the case of printing by means of standard 3D methods such as fused deposition molding (FDM), fused filament fabrication (FFF), multijet fusion, the material then forms a chemical bond either with the print bed or with a lower, already printed layer, more particularly either an ionogenic bond, a van der Waals bond and/or a simple or multiple covalent bond.

[0025] In some embodiments, the print bed, i.e. the surface of the electrical and/or electronic component for formation of the chemical bond, is pretreated prior to the printing, for example cleaned, roughened and/or coated with an adhesion promoter layer.

[0026] In some embodiments, there is a composite composed of a cooling system and an electrical and/or electronic component, in which heat transfer is optimized by a reduction in material transitions, in such a way that the composite is bonded by the formation of chemical bonds, especially also covalent bonds. For production of the composite, it is possible to use 3D printing methods, wherein the surface to be cooled is usable directly or indirectly as print bed.