Abstract
The invention relates to an inductive position sensor, comprising: a first part with a cylindrical coil winding (14) having a longitudinal direction, a second part with a soft magnetic plunger core (20). The invention also relates to the soft magnetic plunger core and a magnetic shield around said cylindrical coil winding for said inductive position sensor. According to the invention is the soft magnetic plunger core as well as the magnetic shield hollow, preferably with circular cross-section, and made from electrical steel or soft iron sheet material.
Claims
1. An inductive position sensor, comprising: a first part with a cylindrical coil winding (14) having a longitudinal direction, a second part with a soft magnetic plunger core (20) arranged movable with respect to the cylindrical coil winding (14) in the longitudinal direction and said soft magnetic plunger core having a longitudinal extent parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical coil winding, and wherein the first part at least partly surrounds the soft magnetic plunger core, characterized in that a thin walled soft magnetic tubular shield (11a) surrounds the cylindrical coil winding (14), wherein said thin walled soft magnetic shield (11a) is shaped to circular cross-section form with an longitudinal abutting seam (11c) running in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical coil winding, and shaped to the circular cross-section form from a flat strip cut to a rectangle and wherein the thin walled soft magnetic shield (11a) has a cylindrical cross section with one gable end closed by a shield hole washer element (11b), and wherein both the soft magnetic tubular shield (11a) and the shield hole washer element (11b) are made from flat strips of electrical steel.
2. An inductive position sensor according to claim 1, wherein the thin walled soft magnetic tubular shield (11a) is arranged inside of a tubular housing made in polymeric material, with beveled notches integrated with the housing and arranged circumferentially around an end of the thin walled soft magnetic tubular shield (11a) pressing the thin walled soft magnetic tubular shield (11a) such that the gap of the longitudinal abutting seam (11c) is reduced.
3. An inductive position sensor according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the shield hole washer element (11b) has a relative thickness versus the thin walled soft magnetic tubular shield (11a) in the range 1.5 to 5 times.
4. An inductive position sensor according to claim 2, wherein the tubular housing made in polymeric material includes a central guide tube for the soft magnetic plunger core (20).
5. An inductive position sensor according to claim 1, wherein the soft magnetic plunger core (20) is shaped to a hollow cross-section form with an longitudinal abutting seam (21s) running in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical coil winding (14), and shaped to the hollow circular cross-section form (20.sub.R) from a flat cold rolled strip of electrical steel cut to a rectangle (20.sub.SP).
6. An inductive position sensor according to claim 5, wherein the longitudinal abutting seam (21s) of the soft magnetic plunger core (20) is fused together.
7. An inductive position sensor according to claim 5, wherein the thickness of the wall (W.sub.T) of the soft magnetic plunger core (20) is between 0.02-5% of the total outer diameter (OD.sub.C) of the soft magnetic plunger core.
8. An inductive position sensor according to claim 7, wherein the thickness of the wall (W.sub.T) of the soft magnetic plunger core (20) is between 0.01-0.4 mm.
9. An inductive position sensor according to claim 8, wherein the wall of the soft magnetic plunger core (20) is mounted as a foil on top of a central inactive core element (22) made of nonmagnetic material.
Description
LIST OF FIGURES
[0030] The invention will be described using following figures, where
[0031] FIG. 1a show a longitudinal cross section of the coil winding housing, without a movable plunger core;
[0032] FIG. 1b show a cross section of the coil winding housing seen in the view A-A in FIG. 1a;
[0033] FIG. 1a show a cross section of the coil winding shield seen in the view B-B in FIG. 1a;
[0034] FIG. 2 show a cross section of the coil winding housing, with a movable plunger core;
[0035] FIG. 3 show a cross section of a conventional movable plunger core of conventional design as a solid body;
[0036] FIG. 4a shows in a perspective view the plunger core;
[0037] FIG. 4b shows in a side view the plunger core;
[0038] FIG. 4c shows in an end view the plunger core;
[0039] FIG. 5a shows in a perspective view the flat plate used to form the plunger core;
[0040] FIG. 5b shows in a side view the plunger core after rolling the flat plate to tubular form;
[0041] FIG. 5c shows in an end view the plunger core as shown in FIG. 5b;
[0042] FIG. 6 show in an end view an alternative embodiment of the plunger core; and;
[0043] FIG. 7 show in an end view the inventive shield 11a in a similar end view.
[0044] FIG. 8a show the tubular shield part alone;
[0045] FIG. 8b show the shield hole washer alone;
[0046] FIG. 8c show the housing alone;
[0047] FIGS. 9a to 9c show the mounting sequence of the shield members into the housing;
[0048] FIG. 10 show a end view of the housing alone;
[0049] FIG. 11 show a detail view of the interaction between shield elements when mounted in the housing.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
[0050] In FIG. 1a is shown a longitudinal cross section of the coil winding housing, without a movable plunger core. And in FIG. 1b is seen a cross section of the coil winding housing seen in the view A-A, and in FIG. 1c is seen a cross section of the magnetic shield seen in the view B-B.
[0051] The coil winding housing comprises an electrical winding 14 wound on an elongated electrical winding support 13 which may be equipped with winding chambers as seen in FIG. 1a. The turns of the coil winding are wound in an orthogonal plane crossing the longitudinal axis of the coil winding housing, and the length of the coil winding in the longitudinal direction is at least as long as the stroke of the motion to be detected (i.e. the stroke length of the plunger core later described). The total length of the coil winding housing is indicated with L.sub.H, i.e. slightly longer than the length of the coil winding.
[0052] The winding is encapsulated in some insulation material 12, which may be oil or resin that may be injected through a filler injection hole 12h (in FIG. 1a plugged).
[0053] A magnetic shield is surrounding the coil winding. The magnetic shield is preferably made from soft magnetic material, such as electrical steel. In the figure is the magnetic shield made in a cup formed piece 11, with an outer thin walled plate part formed as a tube and with one gable end closed by a bottom part. The outer thin walled soft magnetic shield 11 with its bottom part may be shaped to a cup form by pressing to the cup shape form from a flat cold-rolled strip cut to a rectangle. One gable end, from which end the plunger core is extending, is closed by the bottom part. The magnetic field will thus be enclosed by the cup shaped shield. The shield is then preferably totally encapsulated by a sturdy polymeric material that forms the outer skin of the coil winding housing. The outer skin also covers the inner surface of the cylindrical hole 15, and therefore is a polymeric material with low friction preferably used. As shown in FIG. 1a complementary flanges can be arranged in this outer skin for mounting the inductive sensor in a correct position. In the center of the coil winding is formed a recess in form of a cylindrical hole 15, which is used as the guide for the plunger core later to be described.
[0054] FIG. 2 is the same view as in FIG. 2, but here with a movable plunger core 20 installed. The stroke direction of the movable plunger core 20 is indicated by a double headed arrow, i.e. the plunger core 20 may be moved out or into the cylindrical hole 15 of the coil winding housing. And as indicated earlier, any part of the plunger core or the coil winding housing could be the part that is stationary. The conventional plunger core is made in iron alloy as a solid rod. The plunger core 20 is shown separate in FIG. 3 having an longitudinal length of LC, which typically is 5-15 mm longer than the longitudinal length of the coil winding 14, allowing fastening members to be attached to the protruding end.
[0055] The plunger core 20 is shown in a perspective view in FIG. 4a, and in FIG. 4b in strict side view, and in FIG. 4c in an end view. The soft magnetic plunger core 20 has in this embodiment a hollow and circular cross-section and is made from electrical steel or soft iron sheet material. The plunger core 20 is shaped to a hollow circular cross-section form with a longitudinal abutting seam 21s running in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical coil winding 14. The seam 21s may have a gap W between the abutting edges of the plunger core, but it may also be closed with soldering/welding. However, as the seam runs in the longitudinal direction of the coil winding it would not interfere with the magnetic field.
[0056] As illustrated in FIG. 5a to 5c, could the plunger core 20 be manufactured from a flat cold rolled strip cut to a rectangle 20.sub.SP, as seen in FIG. 5a, and shaped to the hollow circular cross-section form 20.sub.R, as seen in FIGS. 5b and 5c. The thickness of the wall W.sub.T of the plunger core 20 is less than 25% but more than 0.01% of the total outer diameter OD.sub.C of the plunger core 20.
[0057] Preferably is the thickness of the wall W.sub.T of the plunger core 20 between 0.02-5% of the total outer diameter OD.sub.C of the plunger core 20. The actual thickness of the wall of the soft magnetic plunger core may preferably lie between 0.01-0.3 mm.
[0058] An alternative embodiment of the plunger core is shown in an end view in FIG. 6. Here the wall of the soft magnetic plunger core 20 is mounted as a thin foil on top of a central core element 22 made of a filler material different from electrical steel. The core element 22 may preferably have the same total length as the total length of the plunger core, thus supporting the thin foil attached to the outer surface of the core element 22. The filler may be a resin or any polymeric blend, resulting in high structural rigidity of the plunger core even if the soft magnetic material is mounted as a thin foil on the surface of the central core element 22. The foil may be glued to the surface of the central core element 22 or cured together with the filler during curing of the filler. This foil design of the plunger is inventive per se as no prior art has used a thin foil with a thickness between 0.02-5% of the total outer diameter OD.sub.C of the plunger core 20, and this may be a further cost reduction design to be considered when low cost soft magnetic foils becomes available.
[0059] In FIG. 7 is also shown in an end view the inventive shield 11a in a similar end view. The same principles of manufacturing apply to the shield as the plunger core, besides resulting in a larger outer diameter. With the same manufacturing process for both the plunger core and the shield could production costs be reduced, as the same type of rolling machine may be used and the same electrical steel or soft iron sheet material may be used and delivered to the work shop in rolls, keeping number of components down.
[0060] In FIGS. 8a to 8c are shown the three main components that form the shielded housing, i.e. the magnetic shield made in 2 pieces, an outer thin walled tubular part 11a and with one gable end closed by a shield hole washer 11b. The tubular part 11a and the shield hole washer 11b to be mounted in the housing 10. The entire housing is shown alone in FIG. 8c with a central pillar member 10c that provides for the hole 15 where the plunger is displaceable, and that centers the shield hole washer 11b.
[0061] FIG. 9a show the three main components of the inventive shielded housing in an exploded view, with the housing 10, the tubular shield part 11a and the shield hole washer 11b stacked in top of each other. As indicated in FIG. 9a by the arrow is first the tubular shield part 11a pressed downwardly into the housing 10. FIG. 9b show the tubular shield part in its final position in the housing 10. As indicated in FIG. 9b by the arrow is the shield hole washer 11b thereafter pressed downwardly into the tubular shield part 11a and the housing 10, reaching the final position as shown in FIG. 9c. FIG. 10 show the housing 10 alone, and this housing is equipped with integral beveled notches 10x arranged evenly around the inner circumference of the housing, in this embodiment with 8 beveled notches. These beveled notches will compress the tubular shield part 11a radially inwardly decreasing the gap 11s. There are also ridges 10y in the bottom of the housing supporting the shield hole washer in its final position.
[0062] In FIG. 11 is disclosed a detail embodiment of the co-action between the tubular shield part 11a and the shield hole washer 11b. As the beveled notches 10x press the tubular shield part radially inwardly will a contact force be developed against the outer periphery of the shield hole washer 11b. In order to provide for best shielding effect is the thickness of the shield hole washer larger than the thickness of the tubular shield part, increasing the contact surface therebetween. As indicated in FIG. 11 should the thickness of the shield hole washer be about 2 times larger than the thickness of the tubular shield part, and preferably such that the thickness of the shield hole washer element 11b has a relative thickness versus the thin walled soft magnetic tubular shield 11a in the range 1.5 to 5 times.
[0063] The invention may be modified in several ways beside the embodiment shown. This applies to the type of electrical coil winding and structure of the coil bobbin.
[0064] The essential features are that the coil shield surrounding the coil is made from a rolled soft magnetic plate material, that is a standard product made in large volumes and hence obtainable at low cost, and preferably that the gable end of the shield is made from a hole washer made from similar soft magnetic material.
[0065] This inventive design of the shielded housing may preferably also be combined with a plunger core made in similar fashion from soft magnetic plate material, i.e. the plunger core that changes the inductance in the electrical coil winding use a hollow rod made from electrical steel that use a large outer surface of the plunger core as inductance changing member, and in a preferred embodiment use the same type of design of the shield also made in electrical steel. It is foreseen that the plunger core design may be the subject of protection on its own, i.e. without any limitation regarding the shield, e.g. by means of a divisional application.
[0066] Even if the active part of the plunger core and the thin walled soft magnetic shield is shaped to circular cross-section form with a longitudinal abutting seam running in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical coil winding, could the seam also be running obliquely versus the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical coil winding. This especially if the seam is fused together.
