Facade assembly, building structure, and method for mounting the facade assembly

Abstract

A facade assembly for a building can have at least one facade element, which may be fastened to a wall or an inter-story ceiling of the building. The assembly can also have at least one fire-protection element, which may be mounted between the facade element and the wall or the inter-story ceiling. The fire-protection element contains an insulating layer and at least one angle profile with two flanges disposed at an angle relative to one another, wherein one of the flanges of the angle profile is fastened to the facade element and the other flange of the angle profile bears on the insulating layer.

Claims

1. A facade assembly for a building, comprising: at least one facade element, configured to be fastened to a wall or an inter-story ceiling of the building, and at least one fire-protection element, configured to be mounted between the facade element and the wall or the inter-story ceiling, wherein the fire-protection element comprises an insulating layer and at least one self-supporting angle profile with two flanges disposed at an angle relative to one another, wherein a first flange of the flanges of the angle profile extends in a first direction and is fastened to the facade element and a second flange of the flanges of the angle profile extends in a second direction corresponding to a direction in which the insulating layer extends, the second flange having a first surface and a second surface opposing the first surface, the first surface and the second surface of the second flange unfastened to the insulating layer, and wherein the first flange and the second flange are made of at least one metal.

2. The facade assembly according to claim 1, wherein the insulating layer is a mineral-wool insulating layer.

3. The facade assembly according to claim 1, wherein both flanges of the angle profile are disposed outside the insulating layer.

4. The facade assembly according to claim 1, wherein the first flange of the angle profile fastened on the facade element is disposed between the insulating layer and the facade element.

5. The facade assembly according to claim 1, wherein the angle profile is an L-shaped profile with equal or unequal legs.

6. The facade assembly according to claim 1, wherein the angle profile is formed at least partly from an intumescent material or is coated with an intumescent material.

7. The facade assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a protective layer which covers the fire-protection element at least partly.

8. A building structure, comprising the facade assembly according to claim 1.

9. The building structure according to claim 8, wherein the second flange of the angle profile bearing on the insulating layer is disposed on a front side of the insulating layer opposite the joint.

10. The building structure according to claim 9, wherein the first flange of the angle profile fastened on the facade element is directed away from the insulating layer.

11. The building structure according to claim 8, wherein the second flange of the angle profile bearing on the insulating layer is disposed on a bottom side of the insulating layer facing the joint.

12. The building structure according to claim 11, wherein the first flange of the angle profile fastened on the facade element is disposed between the insulating layer and the facade element.

13. A method for mounting a facade assembly for a building according to claim 1, said facade assembly comprising at least one facade element, which is fastened to a wall or an inter-story ceiling of the building, and at least one fire-protection element, which is mounted between the facade element and the wall or the inter-story ceiling, wherein the fire-protection element comprises at least one insulating layer and at least one self-supporting angle profile, said method comprising: attaching the facade element to the wall or the inter-story ceiling of the building, wherein a joint is formed between the facade element and the wall or the inter-story ceiling, attaching the fire-protection element to the facade element and/or to the wall or the inter-story ceiling of the building in the region of the joint, wherein a first flange of the angle profile is fastened to the facade element and extends in a first direction and a second flange of the angle profile extends in a second direction corresponding to a direction in which the at least one insulating layer extend, the second flange having a first surface and a second surface opposing the first surface, the first surface and the second surface of the second flange unfastened to the at least one insulating layer, wherein the first flange and the second flange are made of at least one metal.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the insulating layer is introduced into the joint and then the angle profile is applied on the front side of the insulating layer positioned opposite the joint.

15. The method according to claim 13, wherein the angle profile is mounted in the joint, wherein the first flange of the angle profile fastened to the facade element points into the joint, and then the insulating layer is introduced into the joint, wherein the bottom side of the insulating layer opposite the joint is brought into contact with the second flange of the angle profile and the first flange fastened on the facade element is disposed between the insulating layer and the facade element.

16. The facade assembly according to claim 1, wherein the angle profile consists of the at least one metal.

17. The facade assembly according to claim 16, wherein the at least one metal is iron or steel.

18. The facade assembly according to claim 1, wherein the angle profile is fastened to the facade element by a fastener.

19. The facade assembly according to claim 1, wherein the angle profile does not comprise an intumescent material.

20. The facade assembly according to claim 18, wherein the fastener comprises at least one rivet or screw.

Description

(1) Further advantages and features will become obvious from the description hereinafter in conjunction with the attached drawings, wherein:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a sectional view through a building with a facade assembly according to the prior art,

(3) FIG. 2 shows a sectional view through a building with a first embodiment of an inventive facade assembly, and

(4) FIG. 3 shows a sectional view through a building with a second embodiment of an inventive facade assembly.

(5) FIG. 1 shows a section of a building 10 with an inter-story ceiling 12. A facade assembly 14 is hung in curtain style on the exterior of building 10.

(6) Facade assembly 14 consists of a facade element 16 as well as a fire-protection element 18, which is disposed in a joint 20 between inter-story ceiling 12 and facade element 18. Fire-protection element 18 consists here of an insulating layer 19, for example of mineral wool.

(7) Facade element 16 forms an exterior wall construction or the facade of building 10 and has a substructure, not illustrated in detail here, for example a framework, on which the individual elements of the exterior facade, for example wall elements, windows as well as insulating layers, are retained. The substructure serves for fastening of facade elements 16 on building 10.

(8) Facade assembly 14 serves stylistic purposes and/or protection of building 10, wherein exterior side 22 of such a facade element 16 can be configured in any desired manner, especially as a function of viewpoints related to style and/or building physics. As an example, exterior side 22 may have elements of glass, ceramic, metal or other suitable materials.

(9) Facade assembly 14 or facade elements 16 bear only their own weight and have no static function for building 10.

(10) On back side 24 facing building 10, cladding is provided, which may be part of the interior wall of building 10 and consists here of steel sheet 26. This steel sheet 26 may be part of the substructure or may form merely the interior closure of the facade element.

(11) By virtue of fire-protection element 18 provided between inter-story ceiling 12 and facade element 16 penetration of smoke and fire from a region below inter-story ceiling 12 into the region above inter-story ceiling 12 in the event of fire is prevented, and so the propagation of a fire can be prevented or at least slowed.

(12) Due to the high temperatures occurring during a fire, however, deformation of facade element 16, especially of steel sheet 26 may occur (see dashed line in FIG. 1). This deformation may cause a gap 30, through which penetration of smoke or fire is possible, to develop between fire-protection element 18 and facade element 16. This means that fire-protection element 18 is not able to fulfill its fire-protection function completely if facade element 16 becomes badly deformed.

(13) In order to eliminate this disadvantage, facade assembly 14 shown in FIG. 2 is provided. The basic design of building 10 with an inter-story ceiling 12 as well as curtain-type facade element 16 corresponds substantially to the design shown in FIG. 1.

(14) Besides insulating layer 19, however, fire-protection element 18 additionally has a rigid angle profile 32, which is formed as an L-shaped profile in the embodiment shown here. The L-shaped profile may have equal or unequal legs. In the embodiment shown here, both flanges 34, 36 of angle profile 32 are disposed outside insulating layer 19 and facade element 16, wherein vertical flange 34 running along the facade element is directly fastened to steel sheet 26 of facade element 16.

(15) Horizontal flange 38 running transversely relative to facade element 18 bears directly on insulating layer 19. Gap 30, which is formed between insulating layer 19 and facade element 16 due to deformation of facade element 16 in the event of fire, remains closed by horizontal flange 36 of angle profile 32 positioned above it, so that reliable fire protection continues to be ensured.

(16) In the embodiment shown here, insulating layer 13 is fastened at least to inter-story ceiling 12, while angle profile 32 is fastened on facade element 16, in which case the fastening may be achieved respectively by a frictional, interlocking and/or substance-to-substance joint, for example by mechanical or chemical types of fastening.

(17) Vertical leg or flange 34 of L-shaped profile 32 is disposed at floor height of the story located above and is positioned or front side 38 of insulating layer 19 opposite joint 20. This permits safe and simple fastening of the profile on the facade element. As soon as facade element 16 deformed because of intense heat during a fire, gap 30 is formed.

(18) Horizontal flange 36 of angle profile 32, which is disposed above this gap 30 by the positioning on facade element 16, reliably seals gap 30.

(19) For mounting of fire-protection element 18, insulating layer 19 is first introduced into joint 20 and if necessary is fastened to inter-story ceiling 12 or wall. Angle profile 32 is applied on the front side 38 of insulating layer 19 positioned opposite joint 20, so that a flange 36 of the angle profile running transversely relative to facade element 16 rests directly on insulating layer 19. Angle profile 32 is fastened on the facade element with the other flange 34, which runs along facade element 16 and is directed away from insulating layer 19. In this way insulating layer 19 and angle profile 32 may be mounted from the same story level or the same room in simple and time-saving manner.

(20) In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, horizontal leg or flange 36 of angle profile 32 running transversely relative to facade element 16 is disposed on bottom side 40 of insulating layer 19, which is opposite joint 20. Vertical leg or flange 34, which is fastened on facade element 16, is disposed between insulating layer 19 and facade element 16.

(21) In this embodiment also, a gap 30 developed in the event of fire is reliably sealed by horizontal flange 36 of angle profile 32 running transversely relative to the facade element. In addition, dropping down or falling over of insulating layer 19 during enlargement of joint 20 that occurs due to distortion of steel sheet 26 may be prevented.

(22) In this embodiment, for mounting of fire-protection element 18, angle profile 32 is first mounted in joint 20, wherein vertical flange 34 of angle profile 32 running along facade element 16 points into joint 20 and is fastened there to facade element 16. Then insulating layer 19 is introduced into joint 20 from the same story level and laid on horizontal flange 36 of angle profile 32 running transversely relative to facade element 16.

(23) In all embodiments, angle profile 32 may be formed completely or partly from an intumescent material. In particular, it is advantageous to coat the leg of the angle profile running transversely relative to facade element 16 with the intumescent material, for example on its side facing insulating layer 19. Foaming up of the intumescent material during the effect of heat may then lead to improved sealing of gap 30.