Abstract
A seat rail system for a vehicle. The seat rail system includes an upper rail and a stationary lower rail attached to a floor structure of the vehicle. The upper rail is configured for being attached to a vehicle seat and the upper rail is movably arranged in relation to the lower rail in a longitudinal vehicle direction. The seat rail system further includes an elongated load member attached to the lower rail, where an upper part of the load member is extending into a lower portion of the upper rail. One or more lower parts of the load member are extending through the floor structure. The load member is configured for being directly in engagement with the floor structure and the lower portion in a vehicle impact event for establishing a load path from the floor structure to the upper rail via the load member.
Claims
1. A seat rail system for a vehicle, wherein the seat rail system comprises an upper rail and a stationary lower rail attached to a floor structure of the vehicle, wherein the upper rail is configured for being attached to a vehicle seat, wherein the upper rail is movably arranged in relation to the lower rail in a longitudinal vehicle direction, wherein the seat rail system further comprises an elongated load member attached to the lower rail, wherein an upper part of the load member is extending into a lower portion of the upper rail, wherein one or more lower parts of the load member are extending through the floor structure, wherein the load member is configured for being directly in engagement with the floor structure and the lower portion in a vehicle impact event for establishing a load path from the floor structure to the upper rail via the load member.
2. The seat rail system according to claim 1, wherein the one or more lower parts of the load member are extending through corresponding openings of the floor structure.
3. The seat rail system according to claim 1, wherein the one or more lower parts of the load member are configured for being in engagement with a lower surface of the floor structure in the vehicle impact event.
4. The seat rail system according to claim 1, wherein the one or more lower parts of the load member are extending through a lower section of the lower rail.
5. The seat rail system according to claim 1, wherein the upper part of the load member has an upper T-shaped cross-sectional configuration with a laterally extending upper flange, wherein the upper flange is configured for being in engagement with the lower portion of the upper rail in the vehicle impact event.
6. The seat rail system according to claim 5, wherein the lower portion of the upper rail has a bell-shaped cross-sectional configuration forming a cavity, wherein the cavity is configured for embracing the upper flange.
7. The seat rail system according to claim 6, wherein the upper rail comprises a first side section and a second side section joined to each other, wherein the cavity is formed between the first side section and the second side section, wherein the first side section comprises a lateral inwardly projecting first flange and the second side section comprises a lateral inwardly projecting second flange, wherein the first flange and the second flange are arranged below the upper flange and configured for being in engagement with the upper flange in the vehicle impact event.
8. The seat rail system according to claim 1, wherein the one or more lower parts of the load member have lower T-shaped cross-sectional configurations with a laterally extending lower flange, wherein the lower flange is configured for being in engagement with the floor structure in the vehicle impact event.
9. The seat rail system according to claim 8, wherein the upper part of the load member has an upper T-shaped cross-sectional configuration with a laterally extending upper flange, wherein the upper flange is configured for being in engagement with the lower portion of the upper rail in the vehicle impact event, and wherein the load member comprises two joined material sections forming the upper and lower T-shaped cross-sectional configurations, wherein the material sections each at least partly has a U-shape like cross-sectional configuration.
10. The seat rail system according to claim 1, wherein the seat rail system further comprises laterally extending bearing structures, wherein the bearing structures are attached to the upper rail and extending in opposite directions from the upper rail, wherein the bearing structures are configured for movably engaging the lower rail.
11. The seat rail system according to claim 10, wherein the bearing structures are positioned above a lower end of the lower portion of the upper rail.
12. The seat rail system according to claim 7, wherein the lower end is formed by the first flange and the second flange.
13. The seat rail system according to claim 10, wherein the bearing structures comprise bearings, wherein the lower rail comprises bearing surfaces laterally arranged on opposite sides of the load member, wherein the bearings and the bearing surfaces are configured for interacting with each other when the upper rail is displaced in relation to the lower rail.
14. The seat rail system according to claim 1, wherein the floor structure is an integrated structural part of a body-in-white structure of the vehicle.
15. A vehicle comprising the seat rail system according to claim 1.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] The disclosure will be described in detail in the following, with reference to the attached drawings, in which
[0023] FIG. 1 shows schematically, in a side view, a vehicle with a seat rail system having an upper rail attached to a vehicle seat and a lower rail attached to a floor structure, according to the disclosure,
[0024] FIG. 2 shows schematically, in a perspective view from above, the seat rail system, according to the disclosure,
[0025] FIG. 3 shows schematically, in an exploded perspective view, the seat rail system, according to the disclosure,
[0026] FIG. 4 shows schematically, in a perspective view from above, the upper rail of the seat rail system, according to the disclosure,
[0027] FIGS. 5A-5B show schematically, in cross-sectional front views, the seat rail system in normal operating conditions and in a vehicle impact event, according to the disclosure,
[0028] FIG. 6 shows schematically, in a perspective view from above, the lower rail of the seat rail system and the floor structure, according to the disclosure,
[0029] FIGS. 7A-7C show schematically, in perspective views from above, the lower rail of the seat rail system in different mounting positions in relation to the floor structure, according to the disclosure,
[0030] FIG. 8 shows schematically, in a perspective view from below, the lower rail of the seat rail system and the floor structure, according to the disclosure, and
[0031] FIG. 9 shows schematically, in a perspective view from above, the seat rail system with a drive mechanism, according to the disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLE EMBODIMENTS
[0032] Various aspects of the disclosure will hereinafter be described in conjunction with the appended drawings to illustrate and not to limit the disclosure, wherein like designations denote like elements, and variations of the described aspects are not restricted to the specifically shown embodiments, but are applicable on other variations of the disclosure.
[0033] FIG. 1 schematically shows a vehicle V with a seat rail system S. The seat rail system S comprises an upper rail 1 and a stationary lower rail 2, as illustrated in FIGS. 1-3, 5A-5B, and 9. The lower rail 2 is attached to a floor structure 3 of the vehicle V, and the upper rail 1 is attached to a vehicle seat 4. The upper rail 1 is movably arranged in relation to the lower rail 2 in a longitudinal vehicle direction D.sub.LO, as indicated with the double arrow in FIG. 2, for a convenient adjustment and positioning of the vehicle seat 4 in relation to the floor structure 3. A lower base surface 2b of the lower rail 2 is positioned in connection to an upper surface 3c of the floor structure 3. The seat rail system S may be provided with suitable positioning and locking arrangements for positioning of the upper rail 1 in relation to the lower rail 2 when adjusting the vehicle seat 4. The floor structure 3 is forming part of the seat rail system S, as will be further described below. Usually, two parallel seat rail systems S are used for holding one vehicle seat 4. In FIG. 1, the seat rail system S is illustrated in connection to a front vehicle seat 4, but the seat rail system S may be used also for other adjustable vehicle seats.
[0034] A lateral vehicle direction D.sub.LA is defined as a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal vehicle direction D.sub.LO. The expressions upper, lower, upwards, and downwards, used in this context are referring to directions in relation to the seat rail system S when installed in the vehicle V in the position illustrated in FIG. 1.
[0035] The floor structure 3 is suitably an integrated structural part of a body-in-white structure of the vehicle V having an extension in the longitudinal vehicle direction D.sub.LO and lateral vehicle direction D.sub.LO, or essentially in the longitudinal vehicle direction D.sub.LO and lateral vehicle direction D.sub.LO, as indicated in for example FIG. 2. With a body-in-white structure of the vehicle V is meant a car body construction in which the car body's sheet metal components have been welded together, where any moving parts, the motor or engine, the chassis or the chassis sub-assemblies, and the trim have not yet been added to the car body construction. By attaching the lower rail 2 to the floor structure 3 integrated in the body-in-white structure of the vehicle V, a secure attachment of the lower rail 2 is accomplished. Non-illustrated additional fastening brackets or similar arrangements may for example be used for the attachment of the lower rail 2 to the floor structure 3, where screw fasteners or similar fastening devices can be used for a firm and secure attachment of the lower rail 2 to the floor structure 3 via the fastening brackets.
[0036] The seat rail system S further comprises an elongated load member 5 attached to the lower rail 2, as shown in for example FIGS. 3 and 6. The load member 5 comprises an upper part 5a and one or more lower parts 5b. In the illustrated embodiment the upper part 5a is extending along the length of the load member 5, and a plurality of lower parts 5b are arranged in connection to the upper part 5a in a spaced apart configuration, as understood from for example FIG. 3. The upper part 5a of the load member 5 has an upper T-shaped cross-sectional configuration with a laterally extending upper flange 6a, as shown in FIGS. 3, 5A-5B, and 6. The one or more lower parts 5b of the load member 5 have lower T-shaped cross-sectional configurations with a laterally extending lower flange 6b, as shown in FIGS. 3, 5A-5B, and 8. A web section 5c of the load member 5 is connecting the upper flange 6a and the lower flange 6b. With a T-shaped cross-sectional configuration is meant a cross-sectional shape having a T-shape, or a shape similar to a T-shape such as the double hook like configuration shown in FIGS. 5A-5B. The cross-sectional configuration of the load member 5 where the upper parts 5a and the lower parts 5b correspond to each other is similar to an I-beam structure, or similar to an I-beam like structure, as shown in FIGS. 5A-5B.
[0037] As shown in FIG. 8, a lower section 2a of the lower rail 2 is arranged with a plurality rail openings 17 arranged for receiving the plurality of lower parts 5b. The lower parts 5b are suitably positioned through corresponding rail openings 17 when mounting the load member 5 to the lower rail 2, and thereafter the lower parts 5b could be bent into the lower T-shaped cross-sectional configurations, as understood from FIG. 8. In this way, one or more lower parts 5b of the load member 5 are extending through the lower section 2a of the lower rail 2. The load member 5 and the lower rail 2 are made of suitable materials having high strength, as for example high-strength steel, polymers, composite materials, or other suitable materials or combinations of materials. The load member 5 is attached to the lower rail 2 with suitable fastening means, such as for example welds, glue, rivets, or screw fasteners.
[0038] In the illustrated embodiment, the load member 5 comprises two joined material sections 5:1, 5:2 forming the upper and lower T-shaped cross-sectional configurations with the web section 5c in-between. The material sections 5:1, 5:2 each at least partly has a U-shape, or U-shape like, cross-sectional configuration, as shown in FIGS. 5A-5B. This construction with the two joined material sections may simplify the mounting or assembling of the load member 5 to the lower rail 2, since each of the sections can be positioned into the rail openings 17 and thereafter attached to each other and to the lower rail 2.
[0039] In an assembled state of the seat rail system S, as shown in for example FIGS. 5A-5B, the upper part 5a of the load member 5 is extending into a lower portion 1a of the upper rail 1. As understood from for example FIG. 4, the lower portion 1a may be sectioned into more than one structural part of the upper rail 1 for receiving the upper part 5a. In the illustrated embodiment, the upper rail 1 is arranged with three sections that together are forming the lower portion 1a and the upper part 5a of the load member 5 is extending into all three sections forming the lower portion 1a.
[0040] The upper rail 1 is further provided with upper fastening portions 18 for attaching the vehicle seat 4 to the upper rail 1, as shown in for example FIGS. 4 and 5A-5B. The fastening portions 18 may be arranged as openings that suitably are provided with threads for receiving a threaded fastening element for attaching the vehicle seat 4 to the upper rail. The vehicle seat 4 may be arranged with brackets or similar structures for the attachment to the upper rail 1 and engagement with the fastening element.
[0041] The seat rail system S further comprises laterally extending bearing structures 10, as shown in for example FIGS. 3 and 5A-5B. The bearing structures 10 are attached to the upper rail 1, and the bearing structures 10 are extending laterally in opposite directions from the upper rail 1. The bearing structures 10 may be arranged pairwise on opposite sides of the upper rail. The bearing structures 10 are configured for movably engaging the lower rail 2 and for providing a low-friction engagement between the upper rail 1 and the lower rail 2. The bearing structures 10 comprise bearings 10a, and the bearings 10a are suitably connected to the upper rail 1 via extending shaft structures 10b or similar arrangements for lateral positioning of the bearings 10a in relation to the lower rail 2.
[0042] The lower rail 2 comprises two bearing surfaces 12 laterally arranged on opposite sides of the load member 5, as shown in for example FIGS. 5A-5B. The bearings 10a and the bearing surfaces 12 are configured for interacting with each other when the upper rail 1 is displaced in relation to the lower rail 2. In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, the first rail 1 comprises two pairs of bearing structures 10 arranged for interacting with the bearing surfaces 12. However, any suitable number of bearing structures 10 may be used. The bearings 10a may for example be roller bearings and the roller bearings may be provided with wheel elements or similar structures for rolling interaction with the bearing surfaces 12 upon longitudinal displacement of the upper rail 1 in relation to the lower rail 2. The bearings 10a may alternatively be sliding bearings for sliding interaction with the bearing surfaces 12 upon longitudinal displacement of the upper rail 1 in relation to the lower rail 2. Other types of bearings may also be used depending on the construction and design of the system. The bearing structures 10 are as illustrated in FIGS. 5A-5B positioned above a lower end 11 of the lower portion 1a of the upper rail 1 for a compact and robust construction of the system.
[0043] As shown in FIGS. 5A-5B, the one or more lower parts 5b of the load member 5 are extending through the floor structure 3 through corresponding openings 3a of the floor structure 3. The positions of the openings 3a are coinciding with the spacing of the lower parts 5b along the load member 5, as understood from FIGS. 3 and 8. The openings 3a have narrowing configurations, and the openings 3a are tapering in the longitudinal vehicle direction D.sub.LO. Suitable narrowing shapes are for example keyhole like shapes as illustrated in FIG. 3. However, any suitable narrowing shape may be used. The openings 3a in the illustrated embodiment are provided with narrow sections 16a and wide sections 16b.
[0044] The wide sections 16b of the openings 3a have suitable sizes for receiving the lower parts 5b, and the lower parts 5b with the lower flange 6b are inserted into the wide sections 16b when mounting the lower rail 2 with the load member 5 to the floor structure 3, as illustrated in FIG. 7A. The lower parts 5a are entering the wide sections 16b in a downwards movement of the lower rail 2, as indicated with arrows in FIG. 7A. When inserted into the openings 3a, the lower parts 5b are extending through the floor structure 3 and the lower flanges 6b are positioned below the floor structure 3, as illustrated in FIG. 7B. To complete the mounting of the lower rail 2 to the floor structure 3, the lower rail 2 is after insertion into the wide sections 16b pushed in a direction towards the narrow sections 16a, as indicated with arrows in FIG. 7B. By pushing the lower rail 2 in the direction towards the narrow sections 16a, the lower flanges 6b will be positioned below the floor structure 3 into a final mounting position, as shown in FIG. 7C. When the lower flanges 6b are positioned below the floor structure 3 within the narrow sections 16a, the lower rail 2 is prevented from being displaced in an upwards direction due to engagement between the lower flanges 6b and a lower surface 3b of the floor structure 3, as understood from FIGS. 5A-5B. The second rail 2 may be further attached to the floor structure 3 via the non-illustrated fastening brackets, as described above. When the lower rail 2 is attached to the floor structure 3, the upper rail 1 and the vehicle seat 4 may be mounted to the lower rail 2.
[0045] The lower portion 1a of the upper rail 1 suitably has a bell-shaped cross-sectional configuration, or a bell-shape like cross-sectional configuration, and the lower portion is with this configuration formed with a cavity 7, as shown in for example FIGS. 5A-5B. The cavity 7 is configured for embracing the upper flange 6a of the load member 5.
[0046] The upper rail 1 comprises a first side section 8a and a second side section 8b. The side sections are suitably joined to each other with appropriate fastening means. The upper rail 1 may for example be made of two welded sheets that are forming the bell-shaped lower portion, and the welded sheets are forming lateral sides of the upper rail 1. The cavity 7 is formed between the first side section 8a and the second side section 8b, as shown in for example FIGS. 5A-5B.
[0047] The first side section 8a comprises a lateral inwardly projecting first flange 9a and the second side section 8b comprises a lateral inwardly projecting second flange 9b. The first flange 9a and the second flange 9b are forming the lower end 11 of the lower portion 1a. As shown in FIGS. 5A-5B, the first flange 9a and the second flange 9b are arranged below the upper flange 6a, and with this configuration, the first flange 9a and the second flange 9b are extending in inwards directions towards the load member 5. The first side section 8a and the second side section 8b are together with the first flange 9a and the second flange 9b forming the cavity 7, which is embracing the upper flange 6a of the load member 5.
[0048] The upper flange 6a comprises a first flange section 13a and a second flange section 13b, which are extending laterally on opposite sides of the web section 5c, as shown in FIGS. 5A-5B. The first flange 9a is arranged below the first flange section 13a and the second flange 9b is arranged below the second flange section 13b. In the illustrated embodiment, the first flange 9a is extending inwards towards the load member 5 from the first side section 8a with an upwards inclined configuration, and the second flange 9b is extending inwards towards the load member 5 from the second side section 8b with an upwards inclined configuration. The first flange section 13a is extending outwards towards the first side section 8a from the web section 5c with a downwards inclined configuration, and the second flange section 13b is extending outwards towards the second side section 8b from the web section 5c with a downwards inclined configuration. The first flange section 13a has suitably an extension parallel to, or essentially parallel to, the extension of the first flange 9a, and the second flange section 13b has suitably an extension parallel to, or essentially parallel to, the extension of the second flange 9b.
[0049] The load member 5 is configured for being directly in engagement with the floor structure 3 and the lower portion 1a in a vehicle impact event for establishing a load path from the floor structure 3 to the upper rail 1 via the load member 5. With a vehicle impact event is meant any situation where the vehicle V is exposed to impact forces, such as when the vehicle V is hitting an object or an object is hitting the vehicle V. Typical vehicle impact events are when the vehicle V is involved in a crash situation or collision, for example with another vehicle, or if the vehicle V leaves a roadway in a run-off-road collision or similar event. If the vehicle V is involved in a collision, impact forces will act on the vehicle seat 4 and the seat rail system S.
[0050] In a head-on collision, or in a collision where the front end of the vehicle V runs into an object, the front part of the upper rail 1 is pushed downwards towards the second rail 2 by a pushing force F.sub.PUSH and the rear part of the upper rail 1 is pulled in a direction upwards away from the second rail 2 by a pulling force F.sub.PULL, due to the forces acting on the vehicle seat 4 causing a rotational movement. In a rear-end collision, or in a collision where the rear end of the vehicle V runs into an object, the front part of the upper rail 1 is pulled in a direction upwards away from the second rail 2 by a pulling force F.sub.PULL and the rear part of the upper rail 1 is pushed downwards towards the second rail 2 by a pushing force F.sub.PUSH, due to the forces acting on the vehicle seat 4 causing a rotational movement. The pushing force F.sub.PUSH and the pulling force F.sub.PULL are schematically illustrated in FIG. 2.
[0051] The strength of the seat rail system S is critical when a pulling force F.sub.PULL is acting on the upper rail 1, such as in the vehicle impact events described above. The pulling force F.sub.PULL is illustrated with an arrow in FIG. 5B, indicating that a part of the upper rail 1 is pulled in a direction upwards away from the second rail 2. When the pulling force F.sub.PULL is acting on a part of the seat rail system S, the load member 5 has the function to directly engage the floor structure 3 and directly engage the upper rail 1. In this way, the floor structure 3 is connected to the upper rail 1 via the load member 5 for establishing the load path from the floor structure 3 to the upper rail 1 via the load member 5. The load member 5 is establishing a strong and robust construction of the seat rail system S that is preventing large and unwanted deformations of the rails. With the system configuration, the load member 5 is directly in engagement with both the floor structure 3 and the lower portion 1a in the vehicle impact event. The established load path in the vehicle impact event from the floor structure 3 to the upper rail 1 via the load member 5, is through the engagement of the load member 5 following a centre line C of seat rail system S from the floor structure 3 to the upper rail for establishing a short load path compared to traditional systems, as indicated in FIG. 5B.
[0052] More specifically, the upper flange 6a is configured for being in engagement with the lower portion 1a of the upper rail 1 in the vehicle impact event. The first flange 9a is engaging the first flange section 13a in the vehicle impact event, and the second flange 9b is engaging the second flange section 13b in the vehicle impact event for a strong connection between the upper rail 1 and the load member 5. In this way, the first flange 9a and the second flange 9b are configured for being in engagement with the upper flange 6a. As understood from FIG. 5B, the parts involved are arranged as hook-like elements that are interacting with each other in the vehicle impact event, preventing that the upper rail 1 is separated from the lower rail 2 due to the connection of the load member 5 to the lower portion 1a. In the vehicle impact event, the upper rail 1 is pulled a small distance upwards away from the lower rail 2 due to minimal play between parts involved. As shown in FIG. 5A, there is a small play between the upper flange 6a and the respective first flange 9a and the second flange 9b in normal operating conditions, which is allowing the movement of the upper rail 1 in relation to the lower rail 2 in the longitudinal vehicle direction D.sub.LO for the positioning of the vehicle seat 4 relative to the floor structure 3.
[0053] In a similar way, the one or more lower parts 5b of the load member 5 are configured for being in engagement with the lower surface 3b of the floor structure 3 in the vehicle impact event. The lower flange 6b is engaging the lower surface 3b of the floor structure 3 in the vehicle impact event for a strong connection between the floor structure 3 and the load member 5. As understood from FIG. 5B, the lower flange 6b is interacting with the floor structure 3 preventing that the lower rail 2 is separated from the floor structure 3. As shown in FIG. 5B, the lower flanges 6b of the lower parts 5b are arranged as hook-like elements that are interacting with the floor structure 3 in the vehicle impact event, preventing that the lower rail 2 is separated from the floor structure 3 due to the connection of the load member 5 to the floor structure 3. In the vehicle impact event, the lower rail 2 may be pulled a small distance upwards away from the floor structure 3 due to a small play between the lower flange 6b and the lower surface 3b of the floor structure 3. The small play between the lower flange 6a and the lower surface 3b of the floor structure 3 in normal operating conditions is allowing the mounting of the upper rail 2 to the floor structure, as described above.
[0054] The construction of the seat rail system S is providing a straight symmetrical load path all the way from the floor structure 3 to the vehicle seat via the upper rail 1, allowing a compact construction of the system with low height and low weight.
[0055] As illustrated in FIG. 9, the seat rail system S may further be provided with a drive mechanism 19 for positioning the upper rail 1 in relation to the lower rail 2. The drive mechanism may comprise an electric motor 19a and be configured as a worm drive mechanism. The worm drive mechanism may comprise an elongated threaded rod 19b connected to the lower rail 2 that is interacting with a worm gear 19c arranged on the upper rail 1. It should be understood that the drive mechanism 19 could have other suitable constructions, such as for example a linear actuator or ball screw mechanism.
[0056] It will be appreciated that the above description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, its application or uses. While specific examples have been described in the specification and illustrated in the drawings, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the present disclosure or as defined in the claims. Furthermore, modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the present disclosure without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the present disclosure not be limited to the particular examples illustrated by the drawings and described in the specification as the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the teachings of the present disclosure, but that the scope of the present disclosure will include any embodiments falling within the foregoing description and the appended claims. Reference signs mentioned in the claims should not be seen as limiting the extent of the matter protected by the claims, and their sole function is to make claims easier to understand.
REFERENCE SIGNS
[0057] 1: Upper rail [0058] 2: Lower rail [0059] 2a: Lower section [0060] 2b: Lower base surface [0061] 3: Floor structure [0062] 3a: Opening [0063] 3b: Lower surface [0064] 3c: Upper surface [0065] 4: Vehicle seat [0066] 5: Load member [0067] 5a: Upper part [0068] 5b: Lower part [0069] 5c: Web section [0070] 6a: Upper flange [0071] 6b: Lower flange [0072] 7: Cavity [0073] 8a: First side section [0074] 8b: Second side section [0075] 9a: First flange [0076] 9b: Second flange [0077] 10: Bearing structure [0078] 10a: Bearing [0079] 10b: Shaft structures [0080] 11: Lower end [0081] 12: Bearing surface [0082] 13a: First flange section [0083] 13b: Second flange section [0084] 16a: Narrow section [0085] 16b: Wide section [0086] 17: Rail opening [0087] 18: Fastening portions [0088] 19: Drive mechanism [0089] 19a: Electric motor [0090] 19b: Threaded rod [0091] 19c: Worm gear [0092] C: Centre line [0093] D.sub.LA: Lateral vehicle direction [0094] D.sub.LO: Longitudinal vehicle direction [0095] F.sub.PULL: Pulling force [0096] F.sub.PUSH: Pushing force [0097] S: Seat rail system [0098] V: Vehicle
