LAMINATED VEHICLE GLAZING AND DEVICE COMPRISING AN ASSOCIATED NEAR-INFRARED VISION SYSTEM

Abstract

A laminated glazing of a vehicle includes a first extra clear glass sheet (exterior glazing), a lamination interlayer and a second glass sheet (interior glazing) with two through-holes in this second sheet.

Claims

1. A vehicle glazing, comprising: a first glass sheet intended to be the exterior glazing, with a first external main face and a second internal main face oriented toward a passenger compartment; a lamination interlayer made of polymer material with a first main face oriented toward the second internal main face and a second main face opposite the first main face; a second glass sheet intended to be the interior glazing with a third main face oriented toward the second internal main face and a fourth internal main face oriented toward the passenger compartment, the first glass sheet having a total iron oxide content by weight of at most 0.05%, a first through-hole, in a thickness of the second glass sheet, the first through-hole being centimetric, and a second through-hole, in the thickness of the second glass sheet, the second through-hole being centimetric, the second through-hole being separated from the first through-hole, under the first through-hole, separated by an interhole distance of at least 8 cm.

2. The vehicle glazing according to claim 1, wherein the second sheet has an upper longitudinal edge face, the first through-hole opens onto said upper longitudinal edge face or is closed, the first through-hole is between the second through-hole and the upper longitudinal edge face.

3. The vehicle glazing according to claim 1, wherein the first through-hole is larger than the second through-hole.

4. The vehicle glazing according to claim 1, wherein the first through-hole has a surface cross section with a largest dimension of at most 20 cm.

5. The vehicle glazing according to claim 1, further comprising at least one metal wire bonded to the lamination interlayer, and optionally absent in front of said first through-hole.

6. The vehicle glazing according to claim 1, further comprising: a first local heating zone in front of said first through-hole, and a second local heating zone in front of said second through-hole.

7. The vehicle glazing according to claim 6, further comprising at least two electrical leads which are local busbars.

8. The vehicle glazing according to claim 6, wherein the local busbars or one or more flat connectors of the first and second local heating zones are grouped together in a zone peripheral to the first through-hole.

9. The vehicle glazing according to claim 6, further comprising a heating layer that encompasses a surface facing the first and second through-holes in order to form the first and second local heating zones.

10. The vehicle glazing according to claim 7, further comprising a heating layer and the local busbars are separated by at most 30 cm.

11. The vehicle glazing according to claim 1, further comprising a functional element bonded to the lamination interlayer, wherein the functional element comprising a sheet of sub-millimetric thickness, said functional element comprising: a first zone facing the first through-hole, a second zone facing the second through-hole, said functional element being transparent to an infrared working wavelength in a range from 800 nm to 1800 nm, and said functional element being present between the first and second through-holes, thus taking up a surface encompassing the first and second through-holes.

12. The vehicle glazing according to claim 11, wherein the functional element comprises on the first main face oriented toward the first external main face or the second internal main face: the heating electroconductive coating facing the first through-hole and facing the second through-hole, forming first and second local heating zones, and/or the functional element comprises on the first main face or the second main face an opaque masking element at least partially offset from the first through-hole and at least partially offset facing the second through-hole.

13. The vehicle glazing according to claim 1, wherein the first glass sheet comprises on the second internal main face, a functional coating or a functional film adhered to the second internal main face with sub-millimetric thickness, said functional element comprising: a first zone facing the first through-hole a second zone facing the second through-hole, the functional coating extending under the lamination interlayer between first and second functional surfaces, extending over the second internal main face, under an optional functional layer, or is on an optional functional layer that is on the second internal main face, the functional coating or film being transparent at least at one infrared working wavelength in a range from 800 nm to 1800 nm.

14. The vehicle glazing according to claim 1, further comprising an anti-reflective coating that is anti-reflective at least at one infrared working wavelength in a range from 800 nm to 1800 nm said anti-reflective coating comprising: a first free anti-reflective surface in a zone of the first through-hole a second free anti-reflective surface in a zone of the second through-hole.

15. The vehicle glazing according to claim 14, wherein the anti-reflective coating is on the second internal main face, wherein the lamination interlayer has a first interlayer through-hole facing the first through-hole, and a second interlayer through-hole facing the second through-hole, and wherein optionally the anti-reflective coating extends under the lamination interlayer on the second internal main face, under an optional functional layer, or is on an optional functional layer that is on the second internal main face.

16. The vehicle glazing according to claim 1, wherein facing the first through-hole, the lamination interlayer has a first interlayer through-hole and a first piece is present in the first through-hole, which is transparent at least at one infrared working wavelength in a range from 800 nm to 1800 nm, which is adhered to the bare or coated the second internal main face of a first functional layer.

17. The vehicle glazing according to claim 16, wherein the first piece comprises a main external face with an anti-reflective coating at said infrared working wavelength in a range from 800 nm to 1800 nm.

18. The vehicle glazing according to claim 1, further comprising, on the second internal main face, a functional layer extending over all or part of the vehicle glazing that is absorbent at an infrared working wavelength in a range from 800 nm to 1800 nm and is: absent from said first through-hole at least in a central zone of said first through-hole and present on a border of the first through-hole between the second internal main face and the first main face, absent from said second through-hole at least in a central zone of said second through-hole and present on a border of the second through-hole between the second internal main face and the first main face, and/or a functional coating is on the second internal main face, transparent at the working wavelength, is facing the first through-hole and the second through-hole.

19. A device comprising: said vehicle glazing according to claim 1, and an infrared vision system adapted to operate at an infrared working wavelength in a range from 800 nm to 1800 nm disposed in the passenger compartment behind said vehicle glazing and comprising an emitter, so as to send radiation passing through the first glass sheet at the second through-hole and a receiver so as to receive radiation after the radiation has passed through the first glass sheet at the first through-hole.

20. The vehicle glazing according to claim 1, wherein the second glass sheet has a total iron oxide content by weight of at least 0.4%.

Description

[0333] FIG. 1 shows schematically in cross sectional view a windscreen 100 in a first embodiment of the invention with an infrared vision system such as a LIDAR.

[0334] FIG. 2 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen 100 of FIG. 1.

[0335] FIG. 3 shows schematically in cross sectional view a windscreen 200 according to the invention with an infrared vision system such as a LIDAR in a second embodiment of the invention.

[0336] FIG. 4 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen 200 of FIG. 3.

[0337] FIG. 5 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) a windscreen 300 in a third embodiment which is a variant of the preceding one.

[0338] FIG. 6 shows schematically in cross sectional view a windscreen 400 according to the invention with an infrared vision system such as a LIDAR in a fourth embodiment of the invention.

[0339] FIG. 7 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen 400 of FIG. 6.

[0340] FIG. 8 shows schematically in cross sectional view a windscreen 500 according to the invention, with an infrared vision system such as a LIDAR in a fifth embodiment of the invention.

[0341] FIG. 9 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen of FIG. 8.

[0342] FIG. 10 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen in a first variant of FIG. 8.

[0343] FIG. 11 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen in a second variant of FIG. 8.

[0344] FIG. 12 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen in a third variant of FIG. 8.

[0345] FIG. 13 shows schematically in cross sectional view a windscreen 600 according to the invention, with an infrared vision system such as a LIDAR in a sixth embodiment of the invention.

[0346] FIG. 14 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen 600 of FIG. 13.

[0347] FIG. 15 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen 601 in a variant of FIG. 13.

[0348] FIG. 16 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen 602 in a variant of FIG. 13.

[0349] FIG. 17 shows schematically in cross sectional view a windscreen 700 according to the invention, with an infrared vision system such as a LIDAR in a seventh embodiment of the invention.

[0350] FIG. 18 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen 700 of the previous figure.

[0351] FIG. 1 shows schematically a windscreen of a vehicle particularly a motor vehicle 100 according to the invention, with an infrared vision system such as a LIDAR at 905 nm or 1550 nm comprising a receiver 7 and an emitter 7.

[0352] This vision system is placed behind the windscreen facing a zone that is preferably located in the central and upper part of the windscreen. In this zone, the infrared vision system is oriented at a certain angle with respect to the surface of the windscreen (face F2 14). In particular, the emitter 7 and the receiver 7 can be oriented directly toward the image capture zone, in a direction that is nearly parallel to the ground, that is to say slightly inclined toward the road. In other words, the emitter 7 and the receiver 7 of the LIDAR can be oriented toward the road at a slight angle with a field of vision suitable for fulfilling their functions. The receiver 7 is placed above the emitter 7 (thus the receiver 7 is further from the ground).

[0353] The windscreen 100 is a curved laminated glazing comprising: [0354] an external glass sheet 1, with an exterior face F1 and an interior face F2 [0355] and an internal glass sheet 2, for example with a thickness of 1.6 mm or even less, with an exterior face F3 and an interior face F4 on the passenger compartment side [0356] the two glass sheets being bonded to one another by an interlayer made of thermoplastic material 3 (single or multi-laminations), most usually polyvinyl butyral (PVB preferably with plasticizers), preferably clear, of sub-millimetric thickness optionally having a transverse cross section decreasing in the shape of a wedge from top to bottom of the laminated glazing, for example a PVB (RC41 from Solutia or Eastman) with a thickness of about 0.76 mm, or alternatively if necessary an acoustic PVB (three-layer or four-layer), for example with a thickness of about 0.81 mm, for example an interlayer in three PVB laminations, PVB with a main internal face 31 and a main face 32. The windscreen of a road vehicle in particular is curved.

[0357] In a conventional and well-known way, the windscreen is obtained by hot lamination of the elements 1, 2 and 3. For example a clear PVB of 0.76 mm is selected.

[0358] The first glass sheet 1, particularly silica-based, soda-lime-based, silica-soda-lime-based (preferably), aluminosilicate-based, or borosilicate-based, has a total iron oxide content by weight (expressed in the form Fe.sub.2O.sub.3) of at most 0.05% (500 ppm), preferably of at most 0.03% (300 ppm) and at most 0.015% (150 ppm) and particularly greater than or equal to 0.005%. The first glass sheet can preferably have a redox greater than or equal to 0.15, and particularly between 0.2 and 0.30, particularly between 0.25 and 0.30. Particularly an OPTWHITE glass with a thickness of 1.95 mm is selected.

[0359] The second glass sheet 2 particularly silica-based, soda lime-based, preferably soda-lime-silica-based (and like the first glass sheet), even aluminosilicate, or borosilicate-based has a total iron oxide content by weight of at least 0.4% and preferably of at most 1.5%.

[0360] The glasses of the applicant called TSAnx (0.5 to 0.6% iron) TSA2+, TSA3+(0.8 to 0.9% iron), TSA4+(1% iron), TSA5+, for example green, can be particularly mentioned. For example a TSA3+ glass with a thickness of 1.6 mm is selected.

[0361] According to the invention, in a central peripheral region along the upper longitudinal edge 10, the windscreen 100 comprises: [0362] a first through-hole 4, herein closed, of the second glass sheet 2, first hole 4 thus delimited by a wall of the glass 401 to 404 [0363] and even optionally a first closed through-hole of the interlayer in the thickness of the lamination interlayer 3 delimited by an interlayer wall 301 to 304, [0364] under the first through-hole, a second closed through-hole 4 of the second glass sheet 2, second hole 4 thus delimited by a wall of the glass 401 to 404 [0365] and even optionally a second closed interlayer through-hole in the thickness of the lamination interlayer 3 delimited by an interlayer wall 301 to 304.

[0366] Alternatively one or each interlayer hole can be partial.

[0367] A central line M is defined passing through the middle of the upper edge which can be an axis of symmetry of the glazing.

[0368] The two vertical through-holes 4, 4 can be central, and then the line M passes divides each through-hole into two identical parts.

[0369] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 (cross sectional view according to M), the first through-hole is herein a closed hole (surrounded by the wall of the glass sheet), thus within the glazing particularlywith trapezoidal cross sectioncomprising: [0370] a first large side 401 or so-called upper longitudinal edge closest to the edge face of the upper longitudinal edge of the glazing 10parallel to this edge face with a length of at most 20 cm for example 8 cm and spaced apart by at least 5 cm or 6 cm from the edge face (of the large side) [0371] a second large side 402 or so-called lower longitudinal edge (farthest from the edge face of the upper longitudinal edge 10, near the central zone) parallel to the first large side with a length of at most 25 cm or 20 cm and preferably greater than that of the first large side for example 14 cm, [0372] first and second small sides 403, 404, or oblique lateral edges.

[0373] The height (between the large sides) is at least 5 cm herein 6 cm.

[0374] The second hole 4 is herein a closed hole (surrounded by the wall of the glass sheet), thus within the glazing particularlywith trapezoidal cross section [0375] a first large side or so-called upper longitudinal edge 401 closest to the edge face of the upper longitudinal edge of the glazing 10parallel to this edge face with a length of at most 20 cm for example 6 cm [0376] a second large side or so-called lower longitudinal edge 402 (farthest from the edge face of the upper longitudinal edge 10, near the central zone) parallel to the first large side 402 with a length of at most 25 cm or 20 cm and preferably greater than that of the first large side 401 for example 15 cm [0377] with a height (between the large sides) of at least 5 cm herein 6 cm.

[0378] The second hole 4 is separated by at least 8 cm herein 15 cm from the first hole 4.

[0379] The receiver 7 is opposite the first through-hole 4 (upper hole). The emitter 7 is opposite the second through-hole 4 (lower hole).

[0380] The first through-hole 4 (and even the second through-hole 4 although a closed hole is preferred) can alternatively be a notch and thus a through-hole preferably opening on the side of the roof (on the upper longitudinal edge 10).

[0381] The through-holes 4 and 4 can be in another region of the windscreen 100 or even in another glazing of the vehicle in particular the rear window.

[0382] The first interlayer hole can preferably be of identical size or wider than the first hole 4 of the internal glass.

[0383] The first interlayer hole herein has the same trapezoidal shape as the first hole 4 with two large sides 301, 302 and two small sides 303, 304. The first interlayer hole can preferably be identical in size or wider than the first hole 4 for example the walls 301 to 304 delimiting the interlayer hole being set back by at most 10 mm or 5 mm from the walls of the glass 401 to 404 delimiting the hole 4. Alternatively, it is a rectangle or any other shape encompassing the surface of the first through-hole (trapezoidal or other) 4.

[0384] The second interlayer hole can preferably be of identical size or wider than the second hole 4 of the glass.

[0385] The second interlayer hole herein has the same trapezoidal shape as the second hole 4 with two large sides 301, 302 and two small sides 303, 304. The second interlayer hole can preferably be identical in size or wider than the second hole 4 for example the walls 301 to 304 delimiting the interlayer hole being set back by at most 10 mm or 5 mm from the walls of the glass 401 to 404 delimiting the hole 4. Alternatively, this is a rectangle or any other shape encompassing the surface of the second through-hole (trapezoidal or other).

[0386] The windscreen 100 comprises on face F2 12 an opaque masking layer for example black 5, such as a layer of enamel or a lacquer, forming a peripheral frame of the windscreen (or of the window) particularly along the upper longitudinal edge 10 of the glazing and particularly along the left lateral edge 10 of the glazing.

[0387] The external edge 50 of the masking layer closest to the edge face of the glazing can be spaced apart by 1 or 2 mm to several cm from the edge face 10 (herein upper longitudinal edge).

[0388] The masking layer 5 has an internal (longitudinal) edge 51 in the central zone of the windscreen and an internal (longitudinal) edge 52 on either side. The layer 5 herein has a greater width in the central zone than in the peripheral zones, on either side.

[0389] This central zone being provided with holes 4, 4, this masking layer 5 comprises: [0390] in line with the first hole 4, a first gap that is large enough not to affect the performance of the receiver 7, particularly slightly smaller than the first through-hole 4 [0391] in line with the second hole 4, a second gap that is large enough not to affect the performance 7 of the emitter 7, particularly slightly smaller than the second through-hole 4.

[0392] The first gap herein has the same trapezoidal shape as the first hole 4 with two large sides 501, 502 and two small sides 503, 504. The first gap can be preferably of identical size or smaller than the first hole 4 for example the walls 501 to 504 delimiting the first gap protruding by at most 50 mm or 10 mm or even 5 mm from the walls of the glass 401 to 404 delimiting the first hole 4. Alternatively, this is a rectangle or any other shape particularly inscribed in the surface of the first through-hole (trapezoidal or another).

[0393] The second gap herein has the same trapezoidal shape as the first hole 4 with two large sides 501, 502 and two small sides 503, 504. The second gap can be preferably of identical size or smaller than the second hole 4 for example the walls 501 to 504 delimiting the second gap protruding by at most 50 mm or 10 mm or even 5 mm from the walls of the glass 401 to 404 delimiting the second hole 4. Alternatively, this is a rectangle or any other shape particularly inscribed in the surface of the second through-hole (trapezoidal or another).

[0394] The masking layer 5 is capable of masking the casing 8 (plastic, metal, etc.) of the LIDAR 7, 7. The casing 8 can be adhered to face F4 14 by an adhesive 6 and to the roof 80.

[0395] The windscreen 100 can comprise a set of metal wires that are almost invisible, for example with a thickness of 50 m, which are placed in or on a face of the lamination interlayer 3 (over the entire surface), for example face Fb 32 on the side of F3, in the form of lines that are optionally straight. These almost-invisible metal wires are absent in line with the through-holes 4, 4.

[0396] A first recessed insert (not shown) like a ring with a width of at most 1.5 cm for example made of flexible material, polymer (polycarbonate etc.) can be housed mounted on (particularly adhered or by force) [0397] on the wall of the hole of the lamination interlayer, it can act as a creep barrier and be masked by the masking layer [0398] and/or on the wall 40 of the second glass sheet delimiting (at the top) the first through-hole, to serve as mechanical reinforcement, and/or for attaching the LIDAR, this insert being able to extend beyond the first hole, particularly on face F4.

[0399] FIG. 3 shows schematically in cross sectional view a windscreen 200 with an infrared vision system such as a LIDAR in a second embodiment of the invention. FIG. 4 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen 200 of FIG. 3.

[0400] Only the differences with the first embodiment are explained hereunder.

[0401] The first glass sheet comprises, on face F2, an anti-reflective coating 2, at least at one so-called infrared working wavelength from 800 nm to 1800 nm, particularly between 850 nm and 1600 nm with [0402] a first zone 101 with a first free surface (not covered by the lamination interlayer 3 and the second glass sheet 2) opposite the total hole formed by the interlayer through-hole in the thickness of the interlayer and said first through-hole 4, edge zone or contour 101 [0403] a second zone 102 with a second free surface 1 (not covered by the lamination interlayer 3 and the second glass sheet 2) opposite the total hole formed by the interlayer through-hole in the thickness of the interlayer and said first through-hole 4, edge zone or contour 102.

[0404] The anti-reflective coating 101, 102 is local and herein divided into two separated layers for example spaced apart by at least 1 cm, 5 cm. Each zone of the anti-reflective layer 101, 102 has a rectangular shape in this peripheral region (in dotted lines in FIG. 4 since they are not visible) and the edge 20 optionally protruding between face 12 and face Fa 31 for example at most by 10 mm or 5 mm from the walls delimiting the interlayer hole or the through-hole 4. Herein, each zone of the anti-reflective coating is on face F2 and partially covers the optional masking layer 5 on face F2.

[0405] The first zone 101 (and optionally the second zone, respectively) of the anti-reflective coating alternatively has another shape for example a shape homothetic to that of the cross section of the first through-hole or interlayer through-hole (and optionally of the second through-hole or interlayer through-hole, respectively) and thus for example a trapezoidal shape.

[0406] With an OPTIWHITE glass of 1.95 mm and an anti-reflective coating of 110 nm the following total transmissions are obtained on the side of face F2 at the first and second total hole: [0407] at 90 of 92.5% at 905 nm and 92.0% at 1550 nm [0408] at 60 of 91.7% at 905 nm and 91.5% at 1550 nm.

[0409] In an alternative shown in FIG. 5, the windscreen 300 has an anti-reflective coating with a rectangular surface encompassing the first and second anti-reflective zones 101, 102 and is present between the two holes 4 and 4.

[0410] Possible alternatives are as follows (without being exhaustive) optionally cumulative: [0411] the anti-reflective coating does not project beyond the first through-hole (or the second through-hole) and is even spaced apart from the edge of the first through-hole (and of the second through-hole) preferably by at most 1 cm or 5 mm [0412] the anti-reflective coating is spaced apart from the masking layer (for example which is on face F2 particularly of the enamel) or at least does not cover it. [0413] the anti-reflective coating comprises a chemical protection underlayer, particularly a dense silica layer, particularly by sol-gel, with the functional layer of sol-gel (nano)porous silica positioned on top. [0414] face F2 comprises a functional layer (athermal, etc.) under or on the enamel, the anti-reflective coating optionally being in contact with the functional layer particularly on or under the functional layer (athermal, etc.).

[0415] FIG. 6 shows schematically in cross sectional view a windscreen 400 according to the invention with an infrared vision system such as a LIDAR in a fourth embodiment of the invention. FIG. 7 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen 400 of FIG. 6.

[0416] Only the differences with the first embodiment are explained hereunder.

[0417] The lamination interlayer 3 for example made of two laminations of PVB does not comprise a hole (or alternatively a partial hole for example in a second interlayer oriented toward face F3, with face Fb 32). Also, in line with the first and second through-holes 4, 4 the surface 32 can be free.

[0418] The opaque masking layer 5 is not widened in the central zone (passing by M). A functional masking element 60 completes the masking (for the outside) in this central zone and is disposed inside the lamination interlayer 3. It has an upper edge 601 under the enamel zone 5 and a lower edge 602 toward the center of the windscreen. The functional masking element 60 comprises a lamination or support particularly made of polymer for example PET of 100 m, transparent at the working wavelength of the LIDAR with a first main face on the side of face F2 61 and with a second main face on the side of face F3 62.

[0419] The first face 61 (alternatively the second main face 62) has a solid layer opaque coating 63 provided with a first trapezoidal gap gap (alternatively rectangular or any other shape) in line with the first through-hole 4 and provided with a second trapezoidal gap gap (alternatively rectangular or any other shape) in line with the second through-hole 4.

[0420] Optionally, face F2 is covered by an athermal electrically conductive layer 70 (sunlight control, heating, etc.) provided with a first trapezoidal gap gap (alternatively rectangular or any other shape) in line with the first through-hole 4 and provided with a second trapezoidal gap gap (alternatively rectangular or any other shape) in line with the second through-hole 4.

[0421] The opaque insert 60 can have a sensor (antenna, etc.), LED screen particularly on face 62 side F3. The opaque insert 60 can comprise other resists for these sensors.

[0422] FIG. 8 shows schematically in cross sectional view a windscreen 500 according to the invention, with an infrared vision system such as a LIDAR in a fifth embodiment of the invention. FIG. 9 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen 500 of FIG. 8. FIG. 10 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen 501 in a first variant of FIG. 8. FIG. 11 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen 502 in a second variant of FIG. 8. FIG. 12 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen 502 in a third variant of FIG. 8.

[0423] Only the differences with the first embodiment are explained hereunder.

[0424] The lamination interlayer 3 for example made of two laminations of PVB does not comprise a hole (or alternatively a partial hole for example in a second interlayer oriented toward face F3, with face Fb 32). Also, in line with the first and second through-holes 4, 4 the surface 32 can be free.

[0425] A heating functional element 60 is disposed within the lamination interlayer. It has an upper edge 601 under the enamel zone 5 and a lower edge 602 toward the center of the windscreen. It extends so as to cover the region of the through-holes 4, 4.

[0426] The heating functional element 60 comprises a sheet or support particularly made of polymer for example PET of 100 m, transparent at the working wavelength of the LIDAR with a first main face on the side of face F2 61 and with a second main face on the side of face F3 62.

[0427] The second face 62 (alternatively the first main face 61) has a heating coating 64 facing the first through-hole 4 and facing the second through-hole 4, forming first and second local heating zones. The heating coating made of material that is transparent at least at one so-called infrared working wavelength in a range from 800 nm to 1800 nm, in particular between 850 nm and 1600 nm.

[0428] The coating herein is on first and second separated rectangular heating zones 64, 64 for example spaced apart by at least 1 cm and optionally of different sizes (smaller second heating zone). The large sides 641, 643 and 641, 643 can be parallel to the large sides of the through-hole 4 or 4. The small sides 642, 644, 642, 644 can be parallel to the small sides of the through-hole 4 or 4. Independent power supplies may be desirable.

[0429] The first rectangular heating zone 64 is provided with two electrical leads or first and second horizontal (dedicated) local busbars 65, 66 offset from the first through-hole 4 on either side of the large sides of the first through-hole 4 supplied with power 67 for example at 15 V or 48 V. The second rectangular heating zone 64 is provided with two electrical leads or third and fourth horizontal local busbars (dedicated) 65, 66 offset from the second through-hole 4 on either side of the large sides of the second through-hole supplied with power 67 for example at 15 V or 48 V.

[0430] The length of the busbars preferably equal to or longer than the large sides of the through-holes can be adapted to measure.

[0431] In the case of round or oval-shaped through-holes the substantially horizontal busbars can be curved to match the shape of the through-holes.

[0432] It is sought to place the busbars as close together as possible in order to increase the power density. Preferably the distance between busbars of each zone is at most 30 mm or 20 mm.

[0433] The heating insert 60 can have a sensor (antenna and) electroluminescent screen particularly on face 62 side F3.

[0434] The heating insert 60 can also serve as masking insert as previously disclosed. Its extent, the extent of the enamel and the masking layer can be preferably adapted on face 61 herein opposite the heating layer or alternatively even on all or part of the heating layer and the busbars (preferably on face 61).

[0435] In FIG. 10, the first, second, third fourth busbars are lateral 65, 66 and 65, 66 herein vertical but oblique (not parallel) with respect to the small sides of the through-holes 4, 4.

[0436] Vertical or oblique lateral busbars (parallel with respect to the small sides of the through-holes 4, 4) may be preferred since horizontal busbars can result in local overthicknesses that lead to distortions.

[0437] The first and third busbars can be aligned and the second and fourth busbars can be aligned.

[0438] In the case of round or oval-shaped through-holes the lateral busbars can be curved to match the shape of the holes.

[0439] In FIG. 11, a variant of FIG. 9, the heating layer 64 is rectangular and encompasses a surface facing the first and second through-holes 4, 4 in order to form the first and second local heating zones separated by a discontinuity 640, for example of sub-centimetric width, of the heating layer 64.

[0440] In FIG. 12, a variant of FIG. 10, the heating layer 64 is rectangular and encompasses a surface facing the first and second through-holes in order to form the first and second local heating zones separated by a discontinuity 640, for example of sub-centimetric width, of the heating layer 64.

[0441] In variants not shown of FIG. 9 it is also possible to provide: [0442] to do away with the two busbars 66, 65 between the two holes and then there are first and second common busbars 65, 66 at the first and second local heating zones with a common supply of power 67 [0443] or at least to do away with one of the second and third busbars 66, 65 between the two holes and then there are first and second common busbars 65, 66 at the first and second local heating zones, and the supply of power 67 is adapted.

[0444] In a variant not shown, the busbars of the first and second local heating zones, are grouped together in a zone peripheral to the first through-hole particularly which is an upper zone located between the upper longitudinal edge and the first through-hole and/or which is a lateral zone adjacent to a lateral edge of the first through-hole (between the lateral edge of the glazing and the hole).

[0445] FIG. 13 shows schematically in cross sectional view a windscreen 600 according to the invention, with an infrared vision system such as a LIDAR in a sixth embodiment of the invention. FIG. 14 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen 600 of FIG. 13. FIG. 15 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen 601 in a variant of FIG. 13. FIG. 16 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen 602 in a variant of FIG. 13.

[0446] Only the differences with the first embodiment are explained hereunder.

[0447] The lamination interlayer 3 for example made of two laminations of PVB does not comprise a hole (or alternatively a partial hole for example in a second interlayer oriented toward face F3, with face Fb 32). Also, in line with the first and second through-holes 4, 4 the surface 32 can be free.

[0448] Face Fb 32 comprises: [0449] a first heating metal wire 68, anchored to the lamination interlayer, facing the first through-hole 4, first coiling wire (cf. FIG. 14), [0450] a second metal wire particularly heating 68, herein discrete from said first metal wire, anchored to the lamination interlayer facing the second through-hole 4, second coiling wire.

[0451] Each power supply 67 is independent.

[0452] The wires 68, 68 can also be on the side of face Fa or inside the lamination interlayer. In one alternative embodiment only the first wire is used, the first wire is facing the first through-hole (by coiling), particularly between the first and second through-holes and facing the second through-hole (by coiling). The supply of power can be adapted as a consequence. It is possible to use a flat connector in the upper zone for example between the first hole and the upper longitudinal edge.

[0453] In FIG. 15, the first local heating zone comprises a plurality of heating wires 67, connected to the supply of power by two adjacent horizontal busbars 65, 66 in the upper zone above the first through-hole or by a flat connector. The second local heating zone comprises a plurality of heating wires 67 connected to the supply of power by two adjacent horizontal busbars 65, 66 in the zone above the second through-hole 4 or by a flat connector.

[0454] In FIG. 16 the first local heating zone comprises a plurality of first heating wires 67, connected to the supply of power by first and second horizontal busbars 65, 66 on either side of the first through-hole 4. The second local heating zone comprises a plurality of second heating wires 67 connected to the supply of power by third and fourth adjacent horizontal busbars 65, 66 on either side of the second through-hole 4.

[0455] In variants not shown of FIG. 9 it is also possible to provide: [0456] to extend the first wires to be in front of the second through-hole and thus to do away with the two busbars 66, 65 between the two holes and then there are first and second common busbars 65, 66 at the first and second local heating zones with a common supply of power 67 [0457] or to extend the first wires to be in front of the second through-hole at least to do away with one of the second and third busbars 66, 65 between the two holes, and then there are first and second and third common busbars 65, 66 at the first and second local heating zones, and the supply of power 67 is adapted.

[0458] In one variant, the busbars or the one or more flat connectors are grouped together in a zone peripheral to the first through-hole particularly an upper zone that is located between the upper longitudinal edge and the first through-hole and/or lateral zone adjacent to a lateral edge of the first through-hole.

[0459] FIG. 17 shows schematically in cross sectional view a windscreen 700 according to the invention, with an infrared vision system such as a LIDAR in a seventh embodiment of the invention. FIG. 18 shows schematically in front view (passenger compartment side) the windscreen 700 of the previous figure.

[0460] Only the differences with the first embodiment are explained hereunder.

[0461] For purposes of mechanical protection, a first piece 9, curved, transparent at least at one working wavelength of the LIDAR, is adhered to face F2 12 coated with an optional first functional layer (heating, etc.) 104 under and inside the first through-hole 4. The first piece is for example polymer or extra clear glass.

[0462] The external face of the first piece 9 can be under or inside the first through-hole 4 or like herein projecting toward the side of the passenger compartment. It comprises an anti-reflective coating 106 particularly based on (nano)porous silica for example like the one already disclosed for the second embodiment.

[0463] The first piece 9 is spaced apart (space 90 of 2 mm) from the walls 401, 301 delimiting the first through-hole 4 and the interlayer hole. On the border 104 (protruding from the piece 9) the layer 104 thus has a free surface.

[0464] For the purposes of mechanical protection, a second piece 9, curved, transparent at least at one working wavelength of the LIDAR, is adhered to face F2 12 coated with an optional functional layer (heating etc.) 105 under and inside the second through-hole 4. The second piece is for example polymer or extra clear glass.

[0465] The external face of the second piece 9 can be under or inside the second through-hole 4 or like herein projecting toward the side of the passenger compartment. It comprises an anti-reflective coating 106 particularly based on (nano)porous silica for example like the one already disclosed for the second embodiment.

[0466] The second piece 9 is spaced apart (space 90 of 2 mm) from the walls 401, 301 delimiting the second through-hole 4 and the interlayer hole. On the border 105 (protruding from the piece 9) the layer 105 thus has a free surface.