Abstract
A thermal insulation plate (1), which is manufactured from cellular plastic, and the upper surface of which comprises grooves (5a, 5b), which are arranged in two directions over the area of the entire surface. The thermal insulation plate comprises at least in part of the groove (5a, 5b) intersections a spacer (6, 6a, 6b) for installing reinforcement, which is formed from thermal insulation material as a fixed part of the thermal insulation plate.
Claims
1. A thermal insulation plate manufactured from cellular plastic, and comprising a lower surface and an upper surface, of which the upper surface comprises grooves arranged in two directions over and area of the entire upper surface forming groove intersections, wherein the thermal insulation plate comprises at least in a part of the groove intersections a spacer configured for installing a reinforcement, the spacer being formed from thermal insulation material as a fixed part of the thermal insulation plate, and the spacer is being arranged in a centre of the groove intersection, so that a recess surrounds the spacer at least partly, and the spacer comprises a cavity in middle of the spacer, which cavity is arranged in the spacer substantially through an entire height of the spacer, and the cavity is arranged in a different direction than the grooves in the thermal insulation plate.
2. The thermal insulation plate according to claim 1, wherein the thermal insulation plate comprises expanded polystyrene (EPS), expanded polyethene (EPE), expanded polypropene (EPP), polyurethane (PUR), polyisocyanurate (PIR) or expanded polystyrene (XPS), more typically the thermal insulation plate comprised expanded polystyrene (EPS), expanded polyethene (EPE) or expanded polypropene (EPP).
3. The thermal insulation plate according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the thermal insulation plate comprises elongated grooves in longitudinal and lateral directions of the plate.
4. The thermal insulation plate according to claim 1, wherein the cavity extends through the spacer whereby the cavity is open at side surfaces of the spacer.
5. The thermal insulation plate according to claim 1, wherein the spacer comprises shapes in an upper surface of the spacer in the direction of the grooves.
6. The thermal insulation plate according to claim 1, wherein an upper surface of the spacer is lower than the upper surface of the thermal insulation plate.
7. (canceled)
8. A prefabricated structural element, which comprises an insulation material layer, a surface of which comprises grooves, reinforcement rods, which are arranged at least into a part of the grooves in the surface of the insulation material layer, a casting compound layer, which is arranged on the surface of the insulation material layer, wherein the insulation material layer is formed from one or more thermal insulation plates according to claim 1.
9. A floor structure, which comprises an insulation material layer, a surface of which comprises grooves, reinforcement rods, which are arranged at least into a part of the grooves in the surface of the insulation material layer, a casting compound layer, which is arranged on the surface of the insulation material layer, wherein the insulation material layer is formed in the floor structure from thermal insulation plates according to claim 1.
10. The thermal plate of claim 1, wherein the recess is substantially around the entire spacer.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0037] In the following, the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the appended drawings, in which
[0038] FIG. 1 shows a thermal insulation plate according to one embodiment of the invention,
[0039] FIG. 2 shows in more detail a spacer in a thermal insulation plate according to one embodiment of the invention,
[0040] FIG. 3 shows a prefabricated structural element according to one embodiment of the invention, which comprises a thermal insulation plate according to the invention, and
[0041] FIG. 4 shows as illustrated from above a structure, where prefabricated structural elements according to one embodiment of the invention are arranged adjacently.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0042] FIG. 1 shows a thermal insulation plate 1 according to one embodiment of the invention, which comprises a lower surface 2, an upper surface 3 and side surfaces 4a, 4b delimiting the surfaces. The upper surface of the thermal insulation plate 1 comprises grooves 5a, 5b, which are arranged in two directions over the entire area of the surface. Typically, the upper surface 3 of the thermal insulation plate comprises elongated grooves 5a, 5b in the longitudinal and lateral direction of the plate, as shown in FIG. 1. The thermal insulation plate according to the invention comprises at least in part of the groove intersections 5a, 5b a spacer 6a, 6b for installing reinforcement, which spacer is formed from thermal insulation material as a fixed part of the thermal insulation plate. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1, the thermal insulation plate 1 comprises a spacer 6a, 6b in all groove intersections.
[0043] FIG. 2 shows in more detail a spacer 6 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention for installing reinforcement. The spacer 6 is arranged in the intersection between grooves 5a, 5b substantially in the centre, so that there is a recess 7 around the spacer 6 substantially around the entire spacer 6. In other words, the grooves in the thermal insulation plate surround the spacer in the groove intersections. Thus, the casting compound can easily be arranged to be uniform on all sides of the spacer 6. The spacer 6 is arranged in the intersection between grooves 5a, 5b, so that the upper surface of the spacer 6 is lower than the upper surface 3 of the thermal insulation plate, whereby the spacer remains inside the casting compound layer, when casting compound is arranged in the grooves. The spacer 6 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 2 comprises a cavity 8 in the middle of the spacer, which is for example a deep V-groove, which is open at the side surfaces of the spacer and typically extends to the bottom of the spacer. This cavity or groove makes possible the easy installation of reinforcement wire underneath crossing reinforcement rods. Additionally, the spacer 6 can comprise shapes 9a, 9b in the direction of the grooves in the upper surface of the spacer, which make easier the positioning of reinforcement and thus speed up the installation of reinforcement in its place. The shapes 9a, 9b shown in FIG. 2 are one exemplary manner of shaping the upper surface of the spacer 6.
[0044] FIG. 3 illustrates a prefabricated structural element 10 according to one embodiment of the invention, which comprises a thermal insulation plate 1 according to the invention. The thermal insulation material layer 11 of the prefabricated structural element is formed from one or more thermal insulation plates 1 according to the invention. The casting compound layer 12 is formed on the surface of the thermal insulation material layer 11, forming a planar upper surface of the structural element, so that the surface area of the upper surface formed from the casting compound layer 12 is smaller than the surface area of the insulation material layer 11. Additionally, the prefabricated structural element 10 comprises reinforcement rods 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d arranged in grooves in the surface of the insulation material layer, typically in the longitudinal and lateral direction of the structural element. The reinforcement rods are arranged in the grooves in the surface of the insulation material layer, so that the ends of the reinforcement rods extend outside the side surface of the structural element 10 formed by the insulation material layer 11.
[0045] FIG. 4 illustrates a structure formed from prefabricated structural elements 10, 10, 10 according to the invention, such as a floor structure, seen from above. Prefabricated structural elements 10, 10, 10 have been arranged adjacently, so that the insulation material layers of the prefabricated structural elements arrange tightly against each other and form a uniform surface. Casting compound is arranged in seam points 14 between casting compound layers of prefabricated structural elements, where the reinforcement rods of the structural elements arrange overlappingly. Additionally, a second casting compound layer can further be formed from casting compound on the surface of the prefabricated structural elements.
