Low Viscosity Functional Fluid Composition

Abstract

This invention relates to a functional fluid, comprising (A) from 70 to 90, preferably 75-87 wt.-% of alkoxy glycol according to formula (I) CH.sub.3—O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.n—H wherein n is a number from 2 to 5, with the proviso that in at least 30 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (I) n is 3, and that 15 to 65 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (I) have n=4 or 5, and (B) less than 1.0 wt.-% of alkoxy glycol according to formula (II) R.sub.1—O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.m—H wherein R.sub.1 is a C.sub.2 to C.sub.8 alkyl residue, m is a number from 2 to 6, (C) from 8 to 25, preferably 12-23 wt.-% of at least one compound according to formula (III) H—O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.k—H wherein k is a number of 2 or higher, with the proviso that in at least 80 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (III) k is 2 or 3, (D) at least one additive, selected from the group consisting of corrosion inhibitors, alkalinity agents, aging protection agents, defoamers and lubricants, the lubricants being selected from the group consisting of propylene oxide containing alkylene oxide polymers that are optionally substituted with a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group, triglycerides, castor oil, ricinoleic acid, and ethoxylates of castor oil or ricinoleic acid, and mixtures thereof, the fluid comprising at most 3 wt.-% of an ester between boric acid and a glycol or alkylpolyglycol compound.

Claims

1. A functional fluid, comprising (A) from 70 to 90 wt.-% of alkoxy glycol according to formula (I)
CH.sub.3—O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.n—H   (I) wherein n is a number from 2 to 5, with the proviso that in at least 30 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (I) n is 3, and that 15 to 65 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (I) have n=4 or 5, (B) less than 1.0 wt.-% of alkoxy glycol according to formula (II)
R.sub.1O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.m—H   (II) wherein R.sub.1 is a C.sub.2 to C.sub.8 alkyl residue, m is a number from 2 to 6, (C) from 8 to 25 wt.-% of at least one compound according to formula (III)
H—O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.k—H   (III)  wherein k is a number of 2 or higher, with the proviso that in at least 80 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (III) k is 2 or 3, and (D) at least one additive, selected from the group consisting of corrosion inhibitors, alkalinity agents, aging protection agents, defoamers and lubricants, the lubricants being selected from the group consisting of propylene oxide containing alkylene oxide polymers that are optionally substituted with a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group, triglycerides, castor oil, ricinoleic acid, and ethoxylates of castor oil or ricinoleic acid, and mixtures thereof, and wherein the fluid comprises at most 3 wt.-% of an ester between boric acid and a glycol or alkylpolyglycol compound.

2. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein the components (A) to (D) add up to 100 wt.-%.

3. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein 30-85 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (I) have n=3.

4. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein 18-62 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (I) have n=4 or 5.

5. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein 2.5 wt.-% or less of all compounds according to formula (I) have n=2.

6. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein the content of component (A) in compounds according to formula (I) wherein n=1 is 1 wt.-% or less.

7. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein the content of component (A) in compounds according to formula (I) wherein n=6 or higher is 3 wt.-% or less.

8. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein the content in component (B) is at most 0.99 wt.-%.

9. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein R.sub.1 is C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 alkyl.

10. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein the content in component (B) is from 0.01 to 0.99 wt.-%.

11. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein the total amount of compounds according to formula (III), wherein k=2 is 1 to 15 wt. % of the total fluid.

12. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein the total amount of compounds according to formula (III) wherein k=3 is 6 to 16 wt.-% of the total fluid.

13. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein the total amount of compounds according to formula (III) with k=4 or higher is 5 wt.-% or less of the total fluid.

14. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio between compounds according to formula (I) with n=3 and n=4 or higher is (n=3):(n=4, or higher)=1:2 to 6:1.

15. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio between component (A) and component (C) is (A):(C)=3:1 to 10:1.

16. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein component (D) is present in an amount of 0.4 to 6 wt.-%.

17. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein the corrosion inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.8 to C.sub.22 fatty acids, esters of phosphorus or phosphoric acid with C.sub.1 to C.sub.18 aliphatic alcohols, phosphites having at least one C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 hydrocarbon residue; heterocyclic organic compounds having at least one nitrogen atom as heteroatom, and mixtures thereof.

18. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein the amine is selected from the group consisting of alkyl or cycloalkyl amines, alkanol amines, alkyl amine ethoxylates and their mixtures.

19. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein the stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of substituted phenols, sterically hindered amines and mixtures thereof.

20. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein the defoamer is selected from the group consisting of glycerides, waxes, fine powdered silica, ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymers, silicone based defoamer and mixtures thereof.

21. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant is selected from the group consisting of homopolymers of propylene oxide, copolymers of propylene oxide with ethylene oxide and/or butylene oxide, mono C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl substituted homopolymers of propylene oxide, mono C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl substituted copolymers of propylene oxide with ethylene oxide and/or butylene oxide, triglycerides, castor oil, ricinoleic acid, and ethoxylates of castor oil or ricinoleic acid, and mixtures thereof.

22. The functional fluid according to claim 1, comprising 0.3 to 3 wt.-% of an amine within the component (D), weight-% being relative to the fluid weight.

23. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein the fluid's content of esters between boric acid and glycol or alkyl polyglycol compounds is less than 3 wt. %.

24. The functional fluid according to claim 1, wherein the functional fluid has a kinematic viscosity of less than 800 centistokes at −40° C., on an dry equilibrium reflux boiling point (ERBP) of at least 255° C. and a wet equilibrium reflux boiling point (WERBP) of at least 155° C., both ERBP and WERBP to be determined according to Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) No 116.

25. A brake fluid comprising a functional fluid, wherein the functional fluid comprises (A) from 70 to 90 wt.-% of alkoxy glycol according to formula (I)
CH.sub.3—O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.n—H   (I) wherein n is a number from 2 to 5, with the proviso that in at least 30 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (I) n is 3, and that 15 to 65 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (I) have n=4 or 5, and (B) less than 1.0 wt.-% of alkoxy glycol according to formula (II)
R.sub.1—O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.m—H   (II) wherein R.sub.1 is a C.sub.2 to C.sub.8 alkyl residue, m is a number from 2 to 6, (C) from 8 to 25 wt.-% of at least one compound according to formula (III)
H—O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.k—H   (III) wherein k is a number of 2 or higher, with the proviso that in at least 80 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (III) k is 2 or 3, (D) at least one additive, selected from the group consisting of corrosion inhibitors, alkalinity agents, aging protection agents, defoamers and lubricants, the lubricants being selected from the group consisting of propylene oxide containing alkylene oxide polymers that are optionally substituted with a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group, triglycerides, castor oil, ricinoleic acid, and ethoxylates of castor oil or ricinoleic acid, and mixtures thereof, and wherein the fluid comprises at most 3 wt.-% of an ester between boric acid and a glycol or alkylpolyglycol compound.

26. A method of operating a vehicular brake, the method comprising transmitting hydraulic pressure by a functional fluid, wherein the functional fluid comprises (A) from 70 to 90 wt.-% of alkoxy glycol according to formula (I)
CH.sub.3—O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.n—H   (I) wherein n is a number from 2 to 5, with the proviso that in at least 30 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (I) n is 3, and that 15 to 65 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (I) have n=4 or 5, and (B) less than 1.0 wt.-% of alkoxy glycol according to formula (II)
R.sub.1—O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.m—H   (II) wherein R.sub.1 is a C.sub.2 to C.sub.8 alkyl residue, m is a number from 2 to 6, (C) from 8 to 25 wt.-% of at least one compound according to formula (III)
H—O—(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O).sub.k—H   (III) wherein k is a number of 2 or higher, with the proviso that in at least 80 wt.-% of all compounds according to formula (III) k is 2 or 3, (D) at least one additive, selected from the group consisting of corrosion inhibitors, alkalinity agents, aging protection agents, defoamers and lubricants, the lubricants being selected from the group consisting of propylene oxide containing alkylene oxide polymers that are optionally substituted with a Ci to C4 alkyl group, triglycerides, castor oil, ricinoleic acid, and ethoxylates of castor oil or ricinoleic acid, and mixtures thereof, and wherein the fluid comprises at most 3 wt.-% of an ester between boric acid and a glycol or alkylpolyglycol compound.

Description

EXAMPLES

[0079] Table 1 shows functional fluid compositions and their performance. Numbers are provided in wt.-%, unless noted otherwise.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 1 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 (.diamond-solid.) (.diamond-solid.) (.diamond-solid.) (.diamond-solid.) Component A 81.1385 79.2385 86.1685 75.9987 n = 3 31.1385 39.2385 51.1685 60.9987 n = 4 and 5 50 40 35 15 (>60% n = 4) Component B 0 0 0.98 0 (R.sub.1 = n-butyl) m = 3 0.98 m = 4 and higher (>80% m = 4) Component C 18 18 12 23 k = 2 (DEG) 10 9.5 6.6 9.5 k = 3 (TEG) 8 8.5 5.4 9.5 k = 4 and higher 4 Component D 0.8615 2.7615 0.8515 1.0013 Lubricant EO/PO random 0.1 0.15 copolymer mono butyl ether Castor Oil 1.5 ethoxylate (20 EO) Additives Diisopropanolamine 0.5 0.5 0.5 Octylamine + 2EO 1 Dibutylamine Defoamer 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 (polyether modified siloxane) Stabilizer BHT 0.2 0.2 Stabilizer 0.2 0.2 styrenated diphenylamine Stabilizer Bisphenol A Sodium nitrate Oleic acid 0.1 0.1 Phosphoric acid 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.05 ester dye stuff 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.0003 Total 100 100 100 100 wERBP [° C.] 159 (.diamond-solid.) 161 (.diamond-solid.) 161 (.diamond-solid.) 161 (.diamond-solid.) ERBP [° C.] 267 (.diamond-solid.) 263 (.diamond-solid.) 261 (.diamond-solid.) 258 (.diamond-solid.) viscosity (−40° C.) 790 (.diamond-solid.) 747 (.diamond-solid.) 582 (.diamond-solid.) 666 (.diamond-solid.) [mm.sup.2/s] Component ratios Component A 0.62 0.98 1.46 4.07 n = 3/n = 4 or higher Component A:C 4.51 4.4 7.18 3.3 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative example 1 (.square-solid.) example 2 (.square-solid.) example 3 (.square-solid.) example 4 (.square-solid.) (EP-0129240 ex. 1) (Buty) (MTeG) (MTG) Component A 69.4 70.9385 80.9885 86.9885 n = 3 33.2 30.9385 25.9885 81.9885 n = 4 and 5 36.2 40 55 5 (>60% n = 4) Component B 0 10 0 0 (R.sub.1 = n-butyl) m = 3 7 m = 4 and higher 3 (>80% m = 4) Component C 30 18 18 12 k = 2 (DEG) 30 9.9 9.9 6.6 k = 3 (TEG) 8.1 8.1 5.4 k = 4 and higher Component D 0.6 1.0615 1.0115 1.0115 Lubricant EO/PO random 0.15 0.15 copolymer mono butyl ether Castor Oil ethoxylate (20 EO) Additives Diisopropanolamine 0.5 0.5 0.5 Octylamine + 2EO Dibutylamine 0.3 Defoamer 0.001 0.001 0.001 (polyether modified siloxane) Stabilizer BHT 0.2 0.2 Stabilizer 0.2 0.2 styrenated diphenylamine Stabilizer 0.28 Bisphenol A Sodium nitrate 0.02 Oleic acid 0.1 0.1 0.1 Phosphoric acid 0.06 0.06 0.06 ester dye stuff 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 Total 100 100 100 100 wERBP [° C.] 160 (.diamond-solid.) 157 (.diamond-solid.) 159 (.diamond-solid.) 154 (.square-solid.) ERBP [° C.] 251 (.square-solid.) 266 (.diamond-solid.) 266 (.diamond-solid.) 252 (.square-solid.) viscosity (−40° C.) 1240 (.square-solid.) 922 (.square-solid.) 922 (.square-solid.) 453 (.diamond-solid.) [mm.sup.2/s] Component ratios Component A 0.92 0.77 0.47 16.4 n = 3/n = 4 or higher Component A:C 2.31 3.94 4.5 7.25 (.diamond-solid.) = according to the present invention, or according to the required specification (.square-solid.) = not according to the invention, or not according to the required specification