TRANSLUCENT ENCLOSING STRUCTURE

Abstract

A high-strength translucent structures that can be used in industrial and civil construction serving as facade or window structures, as well as for filling gaps in ceilings or raised floors with translucent elements, in the structures of separate sections of both walls and zenith skylights of buildings in required spatial altitude. The translucent enclosing structure includes glass units wherein the sheets of glass are hermetically connected to each other and fixed relative to each other by an internal rigid strengthening profile and a spacer frame, and the glass units are additionally provided with an external strengthening profile of Π-shaped cross-section in the form of a pultruded profile made of glass-plastic. There has been created a sufficiently strong and, therefore, reliable, durable, and cheap translucent enclosing structure designed for use in industrial and civil buildings.

Claims

1. A translucent enclosing structure comprising: glass units including glass sheets; wherein the glass sheets are hermetically connected to each other and fixed relative to each other by an internal rigid strengthening profile and a spacer frame; wherein the glass units are additionally provided with an external strengthening profile configure to have a Π-shaped cross-section in the form of a pultruded profile made of glass-plastic.

2. The translucent enclosing structure according to claim 1, wherein fixing elements configured in the form of plates made of metallic or non-metallic structural materials are mechanically attached to the ends of the glass units to fix the glass units relative to each other.

3. The translucent enclosing structure according to claim 1, wherein fixing elements configured in the form of angles made of metallic or non-metallic structural materials are mechanically attached to the ends of the glass units to fix the glass units relative to each other.

4. The translucent enclosing structure according to claim 1, wherein fixing elements configured in the form of angles made of metallic or non-metallic structural materials are attached to the external and/or internal strengthening profile to fix the glass units.

5. The translucent enclosing structure according to claim 1, wherein the internal rigid strengthening profile of the glass unit is formed rectangular in shape.

6. The translucent enclosing structure according to claim 1, wherein the internal rigid strengthening profile of the glass unit is made in the form of a shaped tube.

7. The translucent enclosing structure according to claim 1, wherein the internal rigid strengthening profile of the glass unit is formed oval in shape.

8. The translucent enclosing structure according to claim 1, wherein the internal rigid strengthening profile of the glass unit is Π-shaped.

9. The translucent enclosing structure according to claim 1, wherein the glass unit further comprises an external rigid strengthening profile.

10. The translucent enclosing structure according to claim 1, wherein the internal rigid strengthening profile includes a strengthening pultruded strip mechanically attached thereto.

11. The translucent enclosing structure according to claim 1, wherein the glass unit forms a single-camera design integrally comprising the internal rigid strengthening profile provided and a strengthening strip.

12. The translucent enclosing structure according to claim 1, wherein the glass unit forms a two-camera design integrally comprising the internal rigid strengthening profile provided with a strengthening strip.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The essence of the proposed invention is explained by schematic drawings, where

[0039] FIG. 1 shows a typical section of a single-camera HSGU;

[0040] FIG. 2 shows a typical section of a blank for a two-camera HSGU;

[0041] FIG. 3 shows a typical section of a single-camera HSGU with a pre-filled adhesive glue composition;

[0042] FIG. 4 shows a typical section of a blank for a two-camera HSGU with a pre-filled adhesive glue composition;

[0043] FIG. 5 shows a typical section of a single-camera HSGU with an internal strengthening profile in the space between sheets of glass;

[0044] FIG. 6 shows a typical section of a blank for a two-camera HSGU with an internal strengthening profile in the space between sheets of glass;

[0045] FIG. 7 shows a typical section of a single-camera HSGU with an internal strengthening profile in the space between sheets of glass after removing the excess of the squeezed adhesive glue composition;

[0046] FIG. 8 shows a typical section of a blank for a two-camera HSGU with an internal strengthening profile in the space between sheets of glass after removing the excess of the squeezed adhesive glue composition;

[0047] FIG. 9 shows a typical design solution for connecting the two-camera high-strength glass units, which are arranged in the same plane, between themselves in the translucent enclosing structure of the “wrap-around” type (horizontal section), or the translucent enclosing structure of a zenith skylight (vertical section), while there is no need in the use of additional frame structures;

[0048] FIG. 10 is a typical design solution for joining together the two-camera high-strength glass units, which are located at the angle of 90° relatives to each other, in the translucent enclosing structure of the “wrap-around” type (horizontal section), or the translucent enclosing structure of a zenith skylight (vertical section), while there is no need in the use of additional frame structures, and in this case, the glass units are connected outside the room;

[0049] FIG. 11 is a typical design solution for installing the two-camera high-strength glass unit into the preliminary prepared opening with the help of the mounting plates made of structural materials in the translucent enclosing structure of the “window” type (horizontal and vertical sections) while fixing the glass units in the opening is provided from the inside;

[0050] FIG. 12 is a typical design solution for installing the two-camera high-strength glass unit into the preliminary prepared opening with the help of the seat angles made of structural materials in the translucent enclosing structure of the “window” type (horizontal and vertical sections) while fixing the glass units in the opening is provided from the inside;

[0051] FIG. 13 is a typical design solution for installing the high-strength glass units on the load-bearing metal structure made of steel strips, using the plates of structural materials;

[0052] FIG. 14 is a typical design solution for installing an inclined high-strength glass unit on the load-bearing metal structure for a zenith skylight, using the plates of structural materials and applying pultruded brackets;

[0053] FIG. 15 is a typical design solution for connecting the high-strength glass units with one another in a “wrap-around” facade glazing or in a zenith skylight, using ribbed stiffeners made of structural materials;

[0054] FIG. 16. is a typical design solution for installing the high-strength glass units, which are vertical and arranged one over the other, on the load-bearing metal structure;

[0055] FIG. 17 is a typical design solution for installing the high-strength glass units, which are vertically arranged one over the other with no visible elements of adjoining, on the load-bearing metal structure;

[0056] FIG. 18 is a typical design solution for flat and angular (90°) connections of high-strength single-camera glass units between themselves in a “wrap-around” facade glazing (the installation from the street);

[0057] FIG. 19 is a typical design solution for angular (90°) connection of high-strength two-camera glass units between themselves in a “wrap-around” facade glazing (internal wall corner, the installation from the side of the room);

[0058] FIG. 20 is a typical design solution for angular (90°) connection of high-strength two-camera glass units between themselves in a “wrap-around” facade glazing (external wall corner, the installation from the side of the room);

[0059] FIG. 21 is a typical design solution for angular (>90°) connection of high-strength two-camera glass units between themselves in a “wrap-around” facade glazing (blunt external wall corner, the installation from the side of the room);

[0060] FIG. 22 is a typical design solution for angular (90°) connection of high-strength two-camera glass units between themselves in a “wrap-around” facade glazing (external wall corner, the installation from the side of the room);

[0061] FIG. 23 is a typical design solution for angular (<90°) connection of high-strength two-camera glass units between themselves in a “wrap-around” facade glazing (sharp external wall corner, the installation from the side of the room);

[0062] FIG. 24 shows the structural scheme of integrating the internal strengthening profile of rectangular shape into the single-camera high-strength glass unit blank;

[0063] FIG. 25 shows the structural scheme of integrating the internal strengthening profile, which has a configuration of a shaped tube, into the single-camera high-strength glass unit blank;

[0064] FIG. 26 shows the structural scheme of integrating the internal strengthening profile of oval shape into the single-camera high-strength glass unit blank;

[0065] FIG. 27 shows the structural scheme of integrating the internal strengthening profile, which has a Π-shaped form, into the single-camera high-strength glass unit blank;

[0066] FIG. 28 shows the structural scheme of integrating the external strengthening profile, while having no internal strengthening profile, into the single-camera high-strength glass unit blank;

[0067] FIG. 29 shows the structural scheme of integrating the internal strengthening profile of a rectangular shape, which has an external strengthening profile, into the single-camera high-strength glass unit blank;

[0068] FIG. 30 shows the structural scheme of integrating the combined strengthening profile into the single-camera high-strength glass unit blank;

[0069] FIG. 31 shows the structural scheme of integrating the combined strengthening profile into the two-camera high-strength glass unit blank; and

[0070] FIG. 32 shows the structural scheme of integrating the internal strengthening profile of a rectangular shape, which comprises a strengthening pultruded strip, into the two-camera high-strength glass unit blank.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0071] The translucent enclosing structure, according to the claimed invention, is explained with the following drawings where: [0072] 1—facade sealant [0073] 2—high-strength glass unit [0074] 3—foamed polyethylene or izolon packing [0075] 4—insulant made of extruded polystyrene foam [0076] 5—an angle made of a metallic or non-metallic structural material [0077] 6—high-adhesive glue material [0078] 7—angle stop made of structural material [0079] 8—load-bearing structures (walls, ceilings, columns, etc.) [0080] 9—anchoring plate (plank) made of structural material [0081] 10—pultruded shweller (external strengthening profile) [0082] 11—glass sheet of 4-15 mm thick [0083] 12—internal strengthening profile [0084] 13—spacer frame made of metallic or non-metallic material [0085] 14—primary sealing [0086] 15—steel self-drilling screw [0087] 16—expansion anchor made of steel or dowel [0088] 17—steel bearing plate (strip). [0089] 18—steel cap nut [0090] 19—steel threaded rod [0091] 20—pressing steel plate (strip) [0092] 21—load-bearing shaped pultruded pipe [0093] 22—construction foam-insulation [0094] 23—holding pultruded bracket [0095] 24—fixing angle of structural materials [0096] 25—ribbed stiffener made of structural materials [0097] 26—steel load-bearing bracket [0098] 27—steel holding clamp [0099] 28—pultruded band [0100] 29—combined strengthening profile [0101] 30—secondary sealing.

[0102] In the high-strength glass unit of the translucent enclosing structure, glass sheets 11 are hermetically connected and fixed relative to each other by internal strengthening profile 12 and spacer frame 13. External strengthening profile 10 in the form of a pultruded profile made of glass-reinforced plastic allows mounting the HSGUs of the translucent structure in the required spatial altitude by mechanically attaching the fixing elements, configured in the form of plates 9 or angles 5 made of structural materials, thereto.

[0103] External strengthening profile 10 is located outside the HSGU covering the outer surfaces of the glasses of a glass unit, and in special cases, it can be combined with internal strengthening profile 12, and such an integrated profile is located simultaneously both inside and outside the glasses of the glass unit at its specific configuration.

[0104] External strengthening profile 10 in the HSGU, which is used in the translucent enclosing structure, can be made of composite material based on glass-plastic pultruded materials.

[0105] The HSGU manufacturability consists in the method of production which comprises 3 (three) main stages:

[0106] 1. N-camera M-angle HSGU blank (in the glass unit, there is only primary sealing) is produced at a glass processing plant using a standard automated line for the production of glass units. FIGS. 1, 2 show a typical section of the blank of single- and two-camera HSGU s.

[0107] 2. Integrating an internal strengthening profile into the blank of a glass unit is produced in a special shop area at the same glass processing plant by pressing the internal strengthening profile into the space between glass panels, (FIGS. 5, 6), which had been pre-filled with an adhesive glue composition (FIGS. 3, 4), in the HSGU blank located almost vertically. Excess of the squeezed adhesive glue composition is removed and disposed of (FIGS. 7, 8). At the same time, the gaps between the internal strengthening profile and the inner surfaces of the HSGU blank glasses should be within 1.5 to 3 mm.

[0108] 3. The integration of the external strengthening profile into the HSGU is similar to the integration of the internal strengthening profile into the blank of the glass unit, namely: by pressing the glass unit into the HU-shaped external strengthening profile, which had been pre-filled with the adhesive glue composition on the shop conditions. Excess of the squeezed adhesive glue composition is removed and disposed. At the same time, the gaps between the inner surfaces of the external strengthening profile and the outer surfaces of the HSGU blank glasses should lie within 1.5 to 3 mm.

[0109] The invention is explained by the following examples.

Example 1 (FIG. 10)

[0110] Into the opening prepared for the translucent enclosing structure, there is installed the first glass unit 2 with a smaller projection of the outer glass and with 15 angles 5 (25×25×4 mm) having the length up to 70 mm, with a step of 350 to 500 mm depending on the size of the glass unit and the level of wind loading, while the angles had been mechanically pre-fixed in the area of the joint.

[0111] After installing and fixing the first glass unit 2, the second glass unit 2 is installed in such a way that the projection of the outer glass of the second glass unit 2 coincides with the outer plane of the first glass unit 2. Through the technological gap disposed on the street side of the first glass unit 2, the second glass unit 2 is fixed relative to the first glass unit 2 by mechanically fixing 15 angles 5 (25×25×4 mm) to the second glass unit 2, which angles 5 had been pre-fixed to the first glass unit 2.

[0112] After mechanically fixing glass units 2, through the technological gap, there is carried out thermal insulation of the joint by filling it with foamed polyethylene or izolon packing 3, followed by sealing the external and internal gaps with facade sealant 1.

Example 2 (FIG. 9)

[0113] The first glass unit 2 is installed into the opening prepared for the translucent enclosing structure. After installing and fixing the first glass unit 2, there is installed the second glass unit 2 so that the outer planes of the glasses of the first and the second glass unit 2 coincide.

[0114] Into a technological gap of 8 to 10 mm wide between the glass units, there is introduced thermal insulation to form the joint of the glass units by filling the gap with foamed polyethylene or izolon packing 3 and subsequently sealing the external and internal gaps using facade sealant 1.

Example 3 (FIG. 15)

[0115] Into the opening prepared for the translucent enclosing structure, there are installed glass units 2 with ribbed stiffeners 25 pre-fixed thereon. Those are made of stainless steel and have a thickness of 1.5 to 5 mm, depending on the size of the glass unit and the level of the wind or snow loading on the entire length of the HSGU sides.

[0116] After installing and fixing in the openings of the glass units, ribbed stiffeners 25 are bound together with a threaded stud and nuts 18.

[0117] Into the technological gap of 16 to 24 mm wide glass units 2, there is introduced thermal insulation to form the joint of the glass units by filling the gap with foamed polyethylene or izolon packing 3 and subsequently sealing the external and internal gaps using facade sealant 1.

Example 4 (FIG. 12)

[0118] Into the opening prepared for the translucent enclosing structure, there are installed glass units 2 with ┌-shaped bracket-fixers 7 (angle stops) pre-fixed thereon in the special grooves on each of the 2 sides on the top and bottom of a glass unit. Those ┌-shaped bracket-fixers 7 are made of stainless steel; they have a thickness of 2 to 3 mm and the step of fixation of 350 to 500 mm, depending on the size of the glass unit and the level of the wind loading.

[0119] In the technological gap between glass unit 2 and load-bearing structure 8, there is introduced thermal insulation by filling the gap with insulant 4 made of extruded polystyrene foam.

Example 5 (FIG. 11)

[0120] Into the opening, there are installed glass units 2, which are pre-glued into external strengthening profile 10 (pultruded Π-shaped profile) with the help of high-adhesive glue sealant 6, and anchoring plates 9 are pre-fixed on the 4 sides thereof with a step of 350 to 500 mm, depending on the size of the glass unit and the level of wind loading.

[0121] Into the technological gap between pultruded profile 10 and load-bearing structure 8, there is introduced thermal insulation by filling the gap with insulant 4 made of extruded polystyrene foam.