EXTRACTION METHOD AND MIXTURE OF SUBSTANCES

Abstract

A method for extraction, in which an extraction agent is used for dissolving at least one extraction material out of a substance. The extraction agent includes fatty acid ethyl ester and/or fatty acid methyl ester. In one embodiment the extraction agent is an omega-3 and/or omega-6 fatty acid, preferably EPA, DHA, DPA, ETA, 21:5n3 and/or SDA. In one embodiment the extraction agent includes at least 500 mg/g, preferably at least 700 mg/g of the fatty acid ethyl ester and/or of the fatty acid methyl ester. Expediently, the mixture of substances is a plant material, preferably hemp, and the extraction material is a cannabinoid, preferably CBD and/or THC.

Claims

1-20. (canceled)

21. A method for extraction, comprising using an extractant to dissolve at least one component out of a substance, in particular a plant material, wherein the extractant comprises fatty acid ethyl ester or/and fatty acid methyl ester.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the extractant comprises or is fatty acid ethyl ester of omega-3 and/or omega-6 fatty acid(s).

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein the extractant is EPA, DHA, DPA, ETA, 21:5n3 and/or SDA.

24. The method according to claim 21, wherein the extractant comprises a further organic solvent in addition to the fatty acid ethyl ester or/and the fatty acid methyl ester.

25. The method according to claim 24, wherein the further organic solvent is an alcohol, preferably ethanol, methanol, n-butanol and/or isopropanol.

26. The method according to claim 25, wherein the alcohol is ethanol, methanol, n-butanol and/or isopropanol.

27. The method according to claim 25, wherein the extractant is a substance mixture.

28. The method according to claim 21, wherein the at least one component is an extraction material bound in the fatty acid ethyl ester and/or fatty acid methyl ester during the extraction.

29. The method according to claim 21, wherein the extractant comprises at least 90 mg/g of fatty acid ethyl ester or/and at least 165 mg/g of fatty acid methyl ester.

30. The method according to claim 29, wherein the extractant comprises at least at least 120 mg/g of fatty acid ethyl ester or/and at least 190 mg/g of fatty acid methyl ester.

31. The method according to claim 21, wherein the extractant comprises at least 500 mg/g of fatty acid ethyl ester or/and at least 500 mg/g of fatty acid methyl ester.

32. The method according to claim 31, wherein the extractant comprises at least 700 mg/g of fatty acid ethyl ester.

33. The method according to claim 32, wherein the extractant comprises at least 900 mg/g of fatty acid ethyl.

34. The method according to claim 31, wherein the extractant comprises at least 700 mg/g of fatty acid methyl ester.

35. The method according to claim 34, wherein the extractant comprises at least 900 mg/g of fatty acid methyl ester.

36. The method according to claim 21, wherein the at least one component is a cannabinoid.

37. The method according to claim 21, wherein the extraction method is a method for producing a substance mixture containing the fatty acid ethyl ester or/and fatty acid methyl ester and an extraction material extracted from a substance.

38. The method according to claim 21, wherein the fatty acid ethyl ester contained in the substance mixture or/and the fatty acid methyl ester forms the extractant.

39. The method according to claim 27, including carrying out the method so that the substance mixture comprises at least 500 mg/g of fatty acid ethyl ester or/and at least 500 mg/g of fatty acid methyl ester.

40. The method according to claim 39, including carrying out the method so that the substance mixture comprises at least 700 mg/g of fatty acid ethyl ester.

41. The method according to claim 40, including carrying out the method so that the substance mixture comprises at least 900 mg/g of fatty acid ethyl ester.

42. The method according to claim 39, including carrying out the method so that the substance mixture comprises at least 700 mg/g of fatty acid methyl ester.

43. The method according to claim 42, including carrying out the method so that the substance mixture comprises at least 900 mg/g of fatty acid methyl ester.

44. The method according to claim 27, including carrying out the extraction method so that the substance mixture contains extraction material in a content of at least at least 5% by weight.

45. A substance mixture containing an extraction material extracted from a plant material, wherein the substance mixture comprising fatty acid ethyl ester or/and fatty acid methyl ester.

46. The substance mixture according to claim 45, wherein the fatty acid ethyl ester and/or fatty acid methyl ester is an extractant by which the extraction material has been extracted, the extraction material being dissolved in the fatty acid ethyl ester and/or fatty acid methyl ester.

47. The substance mixture according to claim 45, wherein the extraction material is a cannabinoid.

48. The substance mixture according to claim 45, wherein the substance mixture contains the extraction material in a content of at least 5% by weight.

49. The substance mixture according to claim 45, wherein the substance mixture comprises substance components of the extraction material in a ratio of the substance components to one another that at least substantially corresponds to a substance component ratio of the extraction material in the plant material.

50. The substance mixture according to claim 45, wherein the fatty acid ethyl ester comprises or is omega-3 and/or omega-6 fatty acid(s).

51. The substance mixture according to claim 45, wherein the substance mixture comprises at least 500 mg/g of fatty acid ethyl ester or/and at least 500 mg/g of fatty acid methyl ester.

Description

[0054] The invention is elucidated in more detail hereinafter on the basis of examples and the appended graphs which relate to the exemplary embodiments.

[0055] FIGS. 1 to 3 show substance contents after different methods or method steps have been carried out.

1.SUP.ST .EXAMPLE

[0056] Hemp of the Finola variety was incubated for two hours at 100° C. in order to decarboxylate CBD-A into CBD and THC-A into THC.

[0057] 10 g of the incubated hemp and 20 g of an omega-3 fatty acid oil that contained 96.5% EPA were then mixed and left to stand for 1 h at 23° C. Filtration was subsequently performed and the filtrate formed and the filter were washed with 30 g of ethanol in order to remove the omega-3 fatty acid oil from the filter and the filter cake. After evaporation of the ethanol, the weight (total g) was determined and the concentration of cannabinoids was measured.

[0058] For comparison purposes, 10 g of the incubated hemp was treated in the same way with 20 g of 100% ethanol.

[0059] After filtration, the contents of CBD and THC reported in the following table were determined:

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 CBD THC CBD-A Finola [g] 20 g (% by weight) (% by weight) (% by weight) 10 g Ethanol 0.5 0.04 0.06 10 g EPA 0.6 0.075 0.03

[0060] As can be seen from the results, both more CBD and more THC were able to be extracted when EPA was used. Furthermore, there was less CBD-A remaining when EPA was used.

2.SUP.ND .EXAMPLE

[0061] Hemp of the Finola variety was incubated for two hours at 100° C. in order to decarboxylate CBD-A into CBD and THC-A into THC.

[0062] In a first extraction step, 10 g of the incubated hemp and 5 g of an omega-3 fatty acid oil that contained 96.5% EPA were then mixed and left to stand for 1 h at 23° C. Filtration was subsequently performed and the filtrate formed and the filter were washed with 30 g of ethanol in order to remove the omega-3 fatty acid oil from the filter and the filter cake.

[0063] After evaporation of the ethanol, the weight (total g) of cannabinoids in the extraction product formed was determined and the concentration thereof in the extraction product formed was measured.

[0064] The extraction product was used as extractant again in a second extraction step. In the second extraction step, 5 g of the extraction product obtained after the first extraction and composed of omega-3 fatty acid oil enriched with cannabinoids was once again added to 10 g of the incubated hemp and left to stand for 1 h at 23° C. Filtration was subsequently performed once again and the filtrate formed and the filter were washed with 30 g of ethanol in order to remove the omega-3 fatty acid oil from the filter and the filter cake.

[0065] After evaporation of the ethanol, the weight (total g) of cannabinoids in the extraction product formed was determined and the concentration thereof in the extraction product formed was measured.

[0066] The extraction product that had been formed after the second extraction step was used as extractant once again in a third extraction step. In the third extraction step, 5 g of the extraction product obtained after the second extraction and composed of omega-3 fatty acid oil enriched with cannabinoids was again added to 10 g of the incubated hemp and left to stand for 1 h at 23° C. Filtration was subsequently performed once again and the filtrate formed and the filter were washed with 30 g of ethanol in order to remove the omega-3 fatty acid oil from the filter and the filter cake.

[0067] After evaporation of the ethanol, the weight (total g) of cannabinoids in the extraction product formed was determined and the concentration thereof in the extraction product formed was measured.

[0068] The measurement results are reported in the following table. They are also shown in graph form in FIGS. 1 and 2.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Measurement CBD (% THC (% CBD-A (% after by weight) by weight) by weight) Total (g) Extraction step 1 1.09 0.09 0.02 5.09 Extraction step 2 2.02 0.169 0.04 5.61 Extraction step 3 3.07 0.248 0.065 5.92

3.SUP.RD .EXAMPLE

[0069] Hemp of the Finola variety was incubated for two hours at 100° C. in order to decarboxylate CBD-A into CBD and THC-A into THC.

[0070] Then, in nine series of experiments each with a single extraction step, 10 g of the incubated hemp and 5 g of an omega-3 fatty acid oil that contained 96.5% EPA were mixed and, as can be seen from Table 3, left to stand at different temperatures and for different durations.

[0071] Filtration was subsequently performed and the filtrate formed and the filter were washed with 30 g of ethanol in order to remove the omega-3 fatty acid oil from the filter and the filter cake.

[0072] After evaporation of the ethanol, the weight (total g) of cannabinoids in the extraction product formed was determined and the concentration thereof in the extraction product formed was measured.

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 % CBD 4° C. 30° C. 60° C. 30 min 0.22 0.29 0.30 60 min 0.24 0.30 0.33 120 min  0.26 0.30 0.35

[0073] Results of this measurement are that the highest yield was achieved at the highest temperature and the longest incubation. Identical values to those at 30° C. were achieved at the highest temperature and the lowest incubation time. The lowest temperature is not suitable for the extraction due to low yield. By doubling the temperature and quadrupling the incubation time, only a 17% increase was achieved in comparison with 30° C. and 30 minute incubation.