CONSTRUCTION MACHINE, DISPLACEMENT TUBE AND METHOD FOR CREATING A FILLING MATERIAL COLUMN IN THE GROUND

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction machine for introducing a displacement tube into the ground, wherein the displacement tube comprises a tube base body and, at its lower end, a closure device which comprises at least one closure flap which is adjustable between a closed position, in which the displacement tube is closed downwards by the at least one closure flap, and an open position, in which filling material is discharged from the displacement tube into the ground for forming a filling material column, wherein the construction machine comprises a feed drive for introducing and retracting the displacement tube into and out of the ground, respectively. According to the invention, it is provided that an actuating unit with at least one pressing-on element is arranged on the construction machine, by means of which the at least one closure flap is adjustable from the open position into its closed position and retainable in said position before contacting the ground at least until the closed closure flap penetrates into the ground. The invention further relates to a method for creating a filling material column.

Claims

1.-14. (canceled)

15. A construction machine for introducing a displacement tube into the ground, wherein the displacement tube comprises a tube base body and, at its lower end, a closure device which comprises at least one closure flap which is adjustable between a closed position, in which the displacement tube is closed downwards by the at least one closure flap and an open position in which filling material can exit from the displacement tube into the ground for forming a filling material column, wherein the construction machine comprises a feed drive for introducing and retracting the displacement tube into and out of the ground, respectively, wherein an actuating unit having at least one pressing-on element is arranged on the construction machine, by means of which the at least one closure flap is adjustable from the open position into its closed position and retainable in said position before contacting the ground at least until the closed closure flap penetrates into the ground.

16. The construction machine according to claim 15, wherein the feed drive can be moved vertically with the displacement tube along a mast, and the actuating unit is arranged at a lower end of the mast.

17. The construction machine according to claim 15, wherein the at least one pressing-on element has an actuating arm which is adjustable, in particular pivotable, between a pressing-on position for closing the closure flap and a retracted position in which the pressing-on element is spaced apart from the displacement tube and the at least one closure flap.

18. The construction machine according to claim 17, wherein a pressure-on plate is attached to a free end of the actuating arm.

19. The construction machine according to claim 15, wherein the displacement tube comprises two closure flaps, and the actuating unit correspondingly comprises two pressing-on elements, each of which is assigned to a closure flap.

20. The construction machine according to claim 19, wherein the pressure-on plates of the two pressing-on elements are arcuate and are designed for abutting and guiding the displacement tube during further introduction into the ground.

21. The construction machine according to claim 15, wherein a control means is provided by which the at least one pressing-on element is actuatable towards the at least one closure flap for closing the displacement tube before the at least one closure flap penetrates into the ground.

22. A displacement tube for creating a filling material column in the ground, wherein the displacement tube is introducible into the ground by means of a construction machine according to claim 15, and the displacement tube comprises a tube base body and, at its lower end, a closure device which comprises at least one closure flap which is adjustable between a closed position, in which the displacement tube is closed downwards by the at least one closure flap, and an open position, in which filling material can exit from the displacement tube into the ground for forming a filling material column, wherein the at least one closure flap is pivotably hinged to an outer side of the tube base body by means of a pivot joint, wherein a radially projecting actuating portion is formed on an outer side of the at least one closure flap, which portion can be brought into engagement with a pressing-on element of an actuating unit of the construction machine, wherein the closure flap can be pressed from the open position into the closed position by contact with the actuating portion, and the actuating portion is formed on the closure flap in such a way that the actuating portion projects radially outwards with respect to the pivot joint both in the open position and in the closed position.

23. The displacement tube according to claim 22, wherein the closure device comprises two closure flaps which are supported on the tube base body.

24. The displacement tube according to claim 22, wherein a feed device for feeding the filling material is arranged at an upper end of the tube base body.

25. A method for creating a filling material column in the ground, with a construction machine according to claim 15, in which a displacement tube having a closure device with at least one closure flap is introduced into the ground, which flap is in a closed position during introduction, and when a final depth is reached, the at least one closure flap is pivoted from the closed position into an open position, wherein filling material for forming a filling material column is introduced into the ground through an outlet opening, wherein by means of the actuating unit arranged on the construction machine, the at least one closure flap is pressed-on by least one pressing-on element before a displacing contacting of the closure flap with the ground, wherein the at least one closure flap is adjusted from the open position into the closed position.

26. The method according to claim 25, wherein the at least one pressing-on element abuts the at least one closure flap until the latter penetrates into the ground, and subsequently the at least one pressing-on element is retracted from the closure flap again.

27. The method according to claim 25, wherein the displacement tube is retracted from the ground again, and during a retraction movement of the displacement tube, the at least one closure flap is adjusted into the open position.

Description

[0036] The invention is explained in greater detail below by means of a preferred exemplary embodiment which is shown schematically in the drawings. The drawings show in:

[0037] FIG. 1 a side view of a construction machine according to the invention;

[0038] FIG. 2 a front view of the displacement tube on the construction machine of FIG. 1;

[0039] FIG. 3 an enlarged detail view of the actuating unit in the open position on the construction machine in front view;

[0040] FIG. 4 a view of the actuating unit of FIG. 3 in a view from the top;

[0041] FIG. 5 a detailed view of the actuating unit of FIG. 3 in the closed position in front view; and

[0042] FIG. 6 a view from above corresponding to FIG. 4 of the actuating unit in the closed position according to FIG. 5.

[0043] FIG. 1 shows a construction machine 10 according to the invention in an overall view. The construction machine 10 comprises a carrier apparatus 12 with an undercarriage 13 configured as a crawler chassis. An upper carriage 14 with an operator's cab 16 is mounted on the undercarriage 13, so as to be pivotable about a vertical axis of rotation. A control means for operating the construction machine 10 can be arranged in the operators cab 16.

[0044] A substantially vertical mast 20 is adjustably held on the upper carriage 14 via an adjustment mechanism 18. In the embodiment shown, the mast 20 is designed as a so-called telescopic frame leaders. On a front side of the mast 20, a working slide 32 is mounted along a linear guide to form a feed drive 30. A vibrator 34 is attached to the working slide 32, with which targeted vibrations can be generated by means of rotating unbalance units.

[0045] Via a clamping device 36 with collets 38, which are shown in FIG. 2, a displacement tube 50 with a tube base body 52 is clamped and held on the underside of the vibrator 34. Via the clamping device 36, feed forces as well as vibrations of the vibrator 34 can be transmitted from the feed drive 30 to the displacement tube 50. In this way, the displacement tube 50 is introducible into the ground 5 to form a hole therein while displacing ground material. Via a schematically indicated feed device 54 on the upper side of the displacement tube 50, a filling material for forming a filling material column can be introduced into the displacement tube 50 and thus into the ground 5.

[0046] A displacement tip 58 is provided at the lower end of the displacement tube 50, which is formed by a closure device 60 having two pivotable closure flaps 62. Via an actuating unit 40 at the lower end of the mast 20, the closure flaps 62 of the closure device 60 can be pressed against each other and thus moved and held in a closed position for forming the displacement tip 58.

[0047] An actuating unit 40 is arranged at the lower end of the mast 20. The operation of the actuating unit 40 according to the invention is explained in greater detail in conjunction with FIGS. 3 to 6. The actuating unit 40 comprises two pressing-on elements 42, which are formed substantially symmetrically with respect to a vertical center plane of the construction machine 10 with the mast 20. The two pressing-on elements 42 of the actuating unit 40 are thereby located opposite one other, wherein only one pressing-on element 42 of the otherwise functionally identically configured pressing-on elements 42 is explained below.

[0048] Each pressing element 42 has an approximately horizontally oriented actuating arm 44, which is pivotally mounted about a vertical axis at a lower end of the mast 20. The mast 20 can be supported directly on the ground 5 by a mast base 22. A curved pressure-on plate 46 is provided at the free end of the actuating arm 44, which is formed to press against a radially projecting actuating portion 44 of a closure flap 62. In the illustrated embodiment, two opposing closure flaps 62 are each supported by a pivot joint 64 at the lower end of the displacement tube 50 in order to form a penetration tip 58. A tapered abutment edge 53 is formed on a lower end of the tube base body 52 of the displacement tube 50, against which the closure flaps 62 can be pressed for forming the displacement tip 58.

[0049] FIG. 3 shows the closure device 60 with the two closure flaps 62 in an open position, with the pressing elements 42 spaced from the closure flaps 62 are in a retracted position, as can be clearly seen in the top view of FIG. 4. The top view of FIG. 4 shows the top of the vibrator 34, such that in this way the displacement tube 50 in FIG. 4 is hidden and not visible.

[0050] By actuating the actuating cylinders 48 on the pressing-on elements 42, which are in particular hydraulic cylinders, the actuating arms 44 are pivoted towards the displacement tube 52, as is illustrated clearly in FIGS. 5 and 6. In doing so, the shell-shaped pressure-on plates 46 press on the respective actuating portions 66 on the closure flaps 62. As a result, the closure flaps 62 are pivoted inwards about the respective horizontally directed pivot joint 64 from the open position into a closed position and pressed against the arrow-shaped abutment edge 53 on the tube base body 52. This forms the closed penetration tip 58 at the lower end of the displacement tube 50 in the closed position of the closure flaps 52. In this position, a vertical force can now be exerted downward via the feed drive 30, pressing the displacement tube 50 into the ground 5 while forming a hole. By simultaneous operation of the vibrator 34, a quasi liquefaction of the ground 5 can be effected, so that a penetration of the displacement tube 50 is considerably simplified.

[0051] After reaching the final position, filling material can be introduced into the ground 5 via the hollow displacement tube 50, while at the same time the displacement tube 50 is retracted from the ground 5 again via the feed drive 30. During retraction, the closure flaps 62 are pressed into their open position by the filling material being present, which is shown in FIG. 3. This unblocks an outlet opening 46 at the lower end of the displacement tube 50.