Anti-proliferative agents comprising substituted benzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepines

Abstract

The invention relates to substituted pyrridinobenzodiazepines (PDDs) of formula (XV) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are useful as medicaments, in particular as anti-proliferative agents. ##STR00001##

Claims

1. A compound of formula (XV): ##STR00261## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: R.sub.1 is O(CH.sub.2).sub.nC(O)NHR.sub.7, O(CH.sub.2).sub.nNHC(O)R.sub.7, or R.sub.7; R.sub.7 is H, CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2, or C(CH.sub.3).sub.3; each n is independently 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; R.sub.2 is O(CH.sub.2) s C(O)NHR.sub.9, O(CH.sub.2) s NHC(O)R.sub.9, or R.sub.9; R.sub.9 is H, CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2, or C(CH.sub.3).sub.3; each s is independently 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; R.sub.3 is C.sub.1-6 alkyl; (i) R.sub.5 is H; and R.sub.6 is OH or OC.sub.1-6 alkyl; or (ii) R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, taken together with the N atom and C atom to which they are attached, form NC; X.sub.1 is CH.sub.2, CH.sub.2O, C(O), C(O)NH, C(O)O, NH, NHC(O), O, OC(O), or S; L is C.sub.1-12 alkylene-, (OCH.sub.2).sub.1-12, or (OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.1-6; wherein the C.sub.1-12 alkylene optionally contains one or more CC double bonds or CC triple bonds; and wherein the C.sub.1-12 alkylene-, (OCH.sub.2).sub.1-12, or (OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.1-6 is optionally interrupted by one or more atoms or groups independently selected from the group consisting of NH, O, S, phenylene, and C.sub.5-9 heteroarylene; X.sub.2 is absent, CH.sub.2, C(O), C(O)NR.sub.15, or NR.sub.15C(O); R.sub.15 is H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; Y.sub.3 is NR.sub.17; R.sub.17 is H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; Y.sub.4 is CH; Y.sub.5 is CH or N; q is 1; Y.sub.1 is CH or N; Y.sub.2 is CH or N; R.sub.19 is H or (CH.sub.2).sub.tNR.sub.20R.sub.21; R.sub.20 is H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; R.sub.21 is H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; p is 0; t is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; R.sub.4 is phenyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, or benzothiazolyl, wherein the phenyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, or benzothiazolyl is optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-6 alkyl, (CH.sub.2).sub.jC(O)OR.sub.11, (CH.sub.2).sub.11NR R.sub.12, C(O)NH(CH.sub.2).sub.kC(NH)NR.sub.11R.sub.12, C(O)NH(CH.sub.2).sub.kNR.sub.11R.sub.12, C(O)NHR.sub.24, OH, OC.sub.1-6 alkyl, and O(CH.sub.2).sub.kNR.sub.11R.sub.12; each R.sub.11 is independently H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; each R.sub.12 is independently H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; each R.sub.24 is phenyl, wherein each phenyl is optionally and independently substituted with 1, 2, or 3 independently selected (CH.sub.2).sub.jR.sub.18 substituents; each R.sub.18 is independently C(O)OR.sub.11 or NR.sub.11R.sub.12; each j is independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; and each k is independently 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

2. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: R.sub.1 is R.sub.7; R.sub.7 is H; R.sub.2 is R.sub.9; and R.sub.9 is H.

3. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R.sub.3 is CH.sub.3 or CH.sub.2CH.sub.3.

4. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L is C.sub.1-12 alkylene-, wherein the C.sub.1-12 alkylene is optionally interrupted by one, two, or three atoms or groups independently selected from the group consisting of NH, O, S, phenylene, and C.sub.5-9 heteroalylene.

5. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L is C.sub.1-10 alkylene-, wherein the C.sub.1-10 alkylene is optionally interrupted by one, two, or three groups independently selected from the group consisting of phenylene and C.sub.5-9 heteroarylene.

6. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L is C.sub.1-8 alkylene-, wherein the C.sub.1-8 alkylene is optionally interrupted by one phenylene group.

7. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R.sub.4 is phenyl, pyridyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, or benzothiazolyl, wherein the phenyl, pyridyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, or benzothiazolyl is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-6 alkyl, (CH.sub.2).sub.jC(O)OR.sub.11, (CH.sub.2).sub.jNR.sub.11R.sub.12, C(O)NH(CH.sub.2).sub.kNH.sub.2, C(O)NHR.sub.24, OH, OC.sub.1-6 alkyl, and O(CH.sub.2).sub.kNR.sub.11R.sub.12.

8. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: R.sub.4 is phenyl, pyridyl, benzothiophenyl, benzimidazolyl, or benzothiazolyl, wherein the phenyl, pyridyl, benzothiophenyl, benzimidazolyl, or benzothiazolyl is optionally substituted with 1 substituent selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, (CH.sub.2).sub.jC(O)OCH.sub.3, (CH.sub.2).sub.jNH.sub.2, C(O)NHR.sub.24, OH, OCH.sub.3, and OCH.sub.2CH.sub.3; R.sub.24 is phenyl, wherein the phenyl is substituted with 1 (CH.sub.2)R.sub.18 substituent; and j is 0.

9. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: R.sub.4 is: ##STR00262## R.sub.22 is (CH.sub.2).sub.jC(O)OR.sub.11, (CH.sub.2).sub.jN.sub.11R.sub.12, or C(O)NHR.sub.24; R.sub.23 is H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; R.sub.24 is phenyl, wherein the phenyl is substituted with 1 (CH.sub.2).sub.jR.sub.18 substituent; Z.sub.3 is S; and Z.sub.4 is CH or N.

10. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is of formula (XIX): ##STR00263## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: (i) R.sub.5 is H; and R.sub.6 is OH, OCH.sub.3, or OCH.sub.2CH.sub.3; or (ii) R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, taken together with the N atom and C atom to which they are attached, form NC; L is C.sub.1-8 alkylene-; R.sub.22 is (CH.sub.2).sub.jC(O)OR.sub.11, (CH.sub.2).sub.jNR.sub.11R.sub.12, or C(O)NHR.sub.24; R.sub.11 is H, CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2, or C(CH.sub.3).sub.3; R.sub.12 is H, CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2, or C(CH.sub.3).sub.3; R.sub.24 is phenyl, wherein the phenyl is substituted with 1 (CH.sub.2).sub.jR.sub.18 substituent; and j is 0, 1, 2, or 3.

11. The compound of claim 10, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, taken together with the N atom and C atom to which they are attached, form NC.

12. The compound of claim 10, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L is CH.sub.2, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2, or CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2.

13. The compound of claim 10, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: L is CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2, or CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2; R.sub.22 is (CH.sub.2).sub.jC(O)OR.sub.11 or (CH.sub.2).sub.jNR.sub.11R.sub.12; R.sub.11 is H, CH.sub.3, or CH.sub.2CH.sub.3; R.sub.12 is H, CH.sub.3, or CH.sub.2CH.sub.3; and j is 0 or 1.

14. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, carrier, or diluent and a compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

15. A method for inhibiting cancer cell proliferation in a patient in need thereof, wherein the method comprises administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the patient suffers from a cancer selected from the group consisting of breast cancer, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, leukemia, liver cancer, lung cancer, melanoma, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, rectal cancer, skin cancer, and stomach cancer.

17. A compound of formula (XIX): ##STR00264## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, taken together with the N atom and C atom to which they are attached, form NC; L is CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2; Y.sub.5 is CH; q is 1; Y.sub.1 is CH or N; Y.sub.2 is CH or N; R.sub.19 is H or (CH.sub.2).sub.tNR.sub.20R.sub.21; R.sub.20 is H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; R.sub.21 is H or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; p is 0; t is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; R.sub.22 is (CH.sub.2).sub.jNR.sub.11R.sub.12; R.sub.11 is H; R.sub.12 is H; and j is 0.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) Embodiments of the present invention will now be described further, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a HPLC chromatogram that provides evidence of DNA adduct formation with NFB transcription factor binding sequence with C8-linked PDD monomer 13.

(3) FIG. 2 shows a HPLC chromatogram that provides evidence of DNA adduct formation with NFB transcription factor binding sequence with C8-linked PDD monomer 17.

(4) FIG. 3 shows a HPLC chromatogram that provides evidence of DNA adduct formation with NFB transcription factor binding sequence with C8-linked PDD monomer 20.

(5) FIG. 4 shows a HPLC chromatogram that provides evidence of DNA adduct formation with NFB transcription factor binding sequence with C8-linked PDD monomer 24.

(6) FIG. 5 shows the sequence of the labelled strand of the TyrT DNA fragment used in the cross-linking study.

(7) FIG. 6 shows the autoradiograph of a denaturing polyacrylamide gel investigating the mechanism of DNA interaction of 41 with linear .sup.32P-end-labelled TyrT DNA following overnight incubation at 37 C. at various concentrations.

(8) FIG. 7 shows an autoradiograph of a denaturing polyacrylamide gel showing DNA interstrand cross-linking by the PBD dimer Talirine with linear .sup.32P-end-labelled TyrT DNA following overnight incubation at 37 C. at various concentrations.

(9) FIG. 8A shows DNA footprint illustrating the interaction of 73 (B), 76 (D), 81 (E), 88 (C) and 93 (G) with the MS1 DNA fragment. Ligand concentrations are shown at the top of the gel. Tracks labelled GA are markers for specific purines.

(10) FIG. 8B shows DNA footprint illustrating the interaction of 73 (B), 76 (D), 81 (E), 88 (C) and 93 (G) with the HexA DNA fragment. Ligand concentrations are shown at the top of the gel. Tracks labelled GA are markers for specific purines.

(11) FIG. 8C shows DNA footprint illustrating the interaction of the PBD dimer Talirine with the MS1 DNA fragment. Ligand concentrations are shown at the top of the gel. Tracks labelled GA are markers for specific purines.

(12) FIG. 9 shows the sequence of the MS1 DNA fragment showing the possible mono-alkylated adducts produced by the compounds analysed.

(13) FIG. 10 shows the sequence of the HexA DNA fragment showing the possible mono-alkylated adducts produced by the compounds analysed.

(14) FIG. 11 shows fluorescently labelled DNA duplex used in the FRET melting study to study the stabilisation of DNA by 41, 106, 107 and 148. The labels were fluorescein (F) and dabcyl (Q).

(15) FIG. 12A shows FRET denaturation data for 5-AAAAAAAGAAATTTAAA-3 when bound to 41.

(16) FIG. 12B shows FRET denaturation data for 5-AAAAAAAGAAATTTAAA-3 when bound to 106, 148 and 107 (right to left).

(17) FIG. 13A shows a graph illustrating percentage difference in TF activation in cells treated with compound 41 versus cells not treated with 41.

(18) FIG. 13B shows the percentage difference in TF activation in cells not treated with 41.

(19) FIG. 14 shows a graph illustrating a summary of the major transcription factors up- and down-regulated by 41.

(20) FIG. 15A shows a graph illustrating cell cycle arrest by 41.

(21) FIG. 15B shows a graph illustrating cell cycle arrest by Talirine.

(22) FIG. 16 shows a graph outlining cell cycle arrest induced by 41.

(23) FIG. 17 shows an SEC profile of Antibody X.

(24) FIG. 18 shows an HIC profile of Antibody X.

(25) FIG. 19 shows a PLRP trace of Antibody X. Heavy (Ho) and light (L0) chain peaks as indicated.

(26) FIG. 20 shows an HIC profile of IgG1-141. Average DAR calculated as 1.9 with the DAR species assignments as indicated.

(27) FIG. 21 shows a PLRP trace of IgG1-141. Average DAR calculated as 1.8 with the light/heavy chain species assigned as indicated.

(28) FIG. 22 shows an SEC profile of IgG1-141; 96.5% monomer, 3.4% dimer, 0.1% HMW as indicated.

(29) FIG. 23 shows the free toxin linker traces of the IgG1-141 sample. No free toxin linker could be detected in the ADC trace. Red: 100 pmol NAC-141. Blue: IgG1-141 after protein precipitation; the identified peaks show residual proteinaceous material. Green: PBS.

(30) FIG. 24A shows an example of HIC analysis used to assign DAR to the trastuzumab-based ADC.

(31) FIG. 24B shows an example of SEC analysis used to assign DAR to the trastuzumab-based ADC.

(32) FIG. 25 shows an SEC profile of the THIOMAB. 92.4% monomer, 6.7% dimer, and 0.9% HMW as indicated. The peak at about 23 minutes originates from the formulation of the antibody;

(33) FIG. 26 shows an HIC profile of the THIOMAB-based Trastuzumab.

(34) FIG. 27 shows the reducing-PLRP trace of the THIOMAB. Heavy (H0) and light (L0) chain peaks as indicated.

(35) FIG. 28 shows the HIC profile of THIOMAB-141. Average DAR calculated as 1.9 with the DAR species assignments as indicated.

(36) FIG. 29 shows the PLRP trace of THIOMAB-141. Average DAR calculated as 1.8 with the light/heavy chain species assigned as indicated.

(37) FIG. 30 shows the SEC profile of THIOMAB-141; 94.8% monomer, 4.8% dimer, 0.4% HMW as indicated.

(38) FIG. 31 shows a graph illustrating dose tolerability of 141, PBD dimer (Talirine) and MMAE-based ADCs.

(39) FIG. 32 shows a graph illustrating mean tumour volume versus time after two doses of ADC 2 (Day 0 and Day 7).

(40) FIG. 33 shows a graph illustrating mean tumour volume of a PDX model versus time after two doses of ADC 2 (Day 0 and Day 14).

(41) FIG. 34A shows an example of a compound of the disclosure attached to linker group containing an exemplary terminal alkoxyamine groups

(42) FIG. 34B shows an example of a compound of the disclosure attached to linker group containing an exemplary terminal diarylcyclooctyne group, DBCO.

EXAMPLES

(43) General Remarks

(44) Reagents were purchased from standard commercial suppliers. Solvents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (UK) and Fisher Scientific (UK). Anhydrous reactions were carried out in pre-oven-dried glassware under an inert atmosphere of nitrogen. Anhydrous solvents were used as purchased without further drying. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) was performed on silica gel aluminium plates (Merck 60, F.sub.254), and column chromatography was carried out either manually using silica gel (Merck 9385, 230-400 mesh ASTM, 40-63 M) (whilst monitoring by thin layer chromatography: UV (254 nm) and an aqueous alkaline solution of potassium permanganate as stain), or using a Biotage Isolera One. All NMR spectra were obtained at room temperature using a Bruker DPX400 spectrometer, for which chemical shifts are expressed in ppm relative to the solvent and coupling constants are expressed in Hz. All Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (LCMS) analysis was performed on a Waters Alliance 2695 with water (A) and acetonitrile (B) comprising the mobile phases. Formic acid (0.1%) was added to the acetonitrile to ensure acidic conditions throughout the analysis. Function type: Diode array (535 scans). Column type: Monolithic C18 504.60 mm. Mass spectrometry data were collected using a Waters Micromass ZQ instrument coupled to a Waters 2695 HPLC with a Waters 2996 PDA. Waters Micromass ZQ parameters used were: Capillary (kV), 3.38; Cone (V), 35; Extractor (V), 3.0; Source temperature ( C.), 100; Desolvation Temperature ( C.), 200; Cone flow rate (L/h), 50; De-solvation flow rate (L/h), 250. Microwave reactions were carried out on a Biotage Initiator+microwave synthesis reactor. HRMS was performed on a Thermo Scientific-Exactive HCD Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer. Yields refer to isolated material (homogeneous by TLC or NMR) unless otherwise stated and names are assigned according to IUPAC nomenclature. LCMS gradient conditions are described as follows.

(45) Method A (10 min): from 95% A/5% B to 50% B over 3 min. Then from 50% B to 80% B over 2 min. Then from 80% B to 95% B over 1.5 min and held constant for 1.5 min. This was then reduced to 5% B over 0.2 min and maintained to 5% B for 1.8 min. The flow rate was 0.5 mL/min, 200 jut was split via a zero dead volume T piece which passed into the mass spectrometer. The wavelength range of the UV detector was 220-400 nm.

(46) Method B (5 min): from 95% A/5% B to 90% B over 3 min. Then from 90% B to 95% B over 0.5 min and held constant for 1 min. This was then reduced to 5% B over 0.5 min. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, 100 L was split via a zero dead volume T piece which passed into the mass spectrometer. The wavelength range of the UV detector was 220-500 nm.

(47) General Synthetic Scheme

(48) ##STR00085## ##STR00086##

Example 1: Methyl 4-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)butanoate (i)

(49) ##STR00087##

(50) A mixture of vanillin (20.0 g, 131 mmol), methyl 4-bromobutanoate (17.5 mL, 139 mmol) and potassium carbonate (27.2 g, 197 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (100 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (500 mL) and the title compound (30.2 g, 91%) was obtained by filtration as a white solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(51) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 9.84 (s, 1H), 7.46-7.37 (m, 2H), 6.98 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 4.16 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 2.56 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.20 (quin, J=6.7 Hz, 2H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 190.9, 173.4, 153.8, 149.9, 130.1, 126.8, 111.6, 109.2, 67.8, 56.0, 51.7, 30.3, 24.2; MS m/z (EIMS)=271.9 (M+Na).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.48 min.

Example 2: Methyl 4-(4-formyl-2-methoxy-5-nitrophenoxy)butanoate (2)

(52) ##STR00088##

(53) To a stirring solution of potassium nitrate (10.0 g, 98.9 mmol) in TFA (50 mL) at 0 C. was added dropwise a solution of methyl 4-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)butanoate (i) (20.0 g, 79.2 mmol) in TFA (50 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. It was then concentrated in vacuo and diluted with ethyl acetate (400 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (3100 mL) and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (280 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound (23.5 g, 100%) as a yellow solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(54) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 10.42 (s, 1H), 7.60 (s, 1H), 7.39 (s, 1H), 4.21 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 3.98 (s, 3H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 2.61-2.53 (m, 2H), 2.22 (quin, J=6.6 Hz, 2H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 187.8, 173.2, 153.5, 151.7, 143.8, 125.5, 109.9, 108.1, 68.6, 56.6, 51.8, 30.2, 24.1; MS m/z (EIMS)=296.1 (MH).sup.; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.97 min.

Example 3: 5-Methoxy-4-(4-methoxy-4-oxobutoxy)-2-nitrobenzoic acid (3)

(55) ##STR00089##

(56) To a solution of methyl 4-(4-formyl-2-methoxy-5-nitrophenoxy)butanoate (2) (23.0 g, 77.4 mmol) in acetone (600 mL) was quickly added a hot (70 C.) solution of potassium permanganate (46.0 g, 291 mmol) in water (400 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 70 C. for 3 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and passed through celite. The cake of celite was washed with hot water (200 mL). A solution of sodium bisulfite in hydrochloric acid (1M, 200 mL) was added to the filtrate which was extracted with dichloromethane (2400 mL). The organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 50%), to give the title compound (17.0 g, 70%) as a pale yellow solid.

(57) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD) 7.47 (s, 1H), 7.25 (s, 1H), 4.13 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 2.54 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.17-2.06 (m, 2H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, MeOD) 175.3, 168.6, 153.8, 151.3, 143.1, 122.8, 112.4, 109.2, 69.6, 57.0, 52.2, 31.2, 25.5; MS m/z (EIMS)=311.9 (MH).sup.; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.22 min.

Example 4: Methyl (S)-4-(4-(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxy-5-nitrophenoxy)butanoate (4)

(58) ##STR00090##

(59) A mixture of 5-methoxy-4-(4-methoxy-4-oxobutoxy)-2-nitrobenzoic acid (3) (8.0 g, 25.5 mmol), oxalyl chloride (6.6 mL, 77.0 mmol) and anhydrous N,N-dimethl-formamide (2 drops) in anhydrous dichloromethane (100 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. Anhydrous toluene (20 mL) was added to the reaction mixture which was then concentrated in vacuo. A solution of the resulting residue in anhydrous dichloromethane (10 mL) was added dropwise to a solution of (S)-piperidin-2-ylmethanol (3.8 g, 33.4 mmol) and triethylamine (10.7 mL, 77.0 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (90 mL) at 10 C. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h and then washed with hydrochloric acid (1 M, 50 mL) and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride (50 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 5%), to give the title compound (9.2 g, 73%) as a yellow oil.

(60) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.68-7.64 (m, 1H), 6.77-6.70 (m, 1H), 4.16-4.07 (m, 3H), 3.93-3.89 (m, 3H), 3.83 (s, 1H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 3.15 (d, J=1.4 Hz, 1H), 3.11 (s, 1H), 2.78 (s, 1H), 2.56-2.50 (m, 3H), 2.21-2.12 (m, 4H), 1.74-1.55 (m, 4H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 173.3, 168.1, 154.6, 148.2, 137.4, 127.6, 111.4, 108.3, 68.3, 60.6, 56.7, 53.5, 51.7, 43.3, 38.0, 34.9, 30.3, 24.1, 19.7; MS m/z (EIMS)=411.0 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.28 min.

Example 5: Methyl (S)-4-(5-amino-4-(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-Methoxyphenoxy)butanoate (5)

(61) ##STR00091##

(62) To a solution of methyl (S)-4-(4-(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxy-5-nitrophenoxy)butanoate (4) (9.2 g, 22.4 mmol) in ethanol (40 mL) and ethyl acetate (10 mL) was added palladium on activated charcoal (10% wt. basis) (920 mg). The reaction mixture was hydrogenated at 35 psi for 3 h in a Parr apparatus. The reaction mixture was filtered through celite and the resulting cake was washed with ethyl acetate. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (9.0 g, 90%) as a pink solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(63) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 6.69 (s, 1H), 6.27-6.18 (m, 1H), 4.03-3.94 (m, 3H), 3.94-3.82 (m, 3H), 3.81-3.76 (m, 1H), 3.74 (s, 3H), 3.73-3.68 (m, 1H), 3.67-3.65 (m, 3H), 3.56 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 3.03 (s, 1H), 2.51 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.11 (quin, J=6.7 Hz, 2H), 1.68-1.59 (m, 4H), 1.55-1.40 (m, 2H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 173.6, 171.2, 150.3, 141.8, 141.1, 113.2, 112.3, 102.4, 67.5, 60.8, 60.4, 56.8, 51.6, 30.4, 25.8, 24.3, 21.0, 19.9, 14.2; MS m/z (EIMS)=381.0 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=5.52 min.

Example 6: Methyl (S)-4-(5-(((allyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-4-(2-(hydroxyl-methyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)butanoate (6)

(64) ##STR00092##

(65) To a solution of methyl (S)-4-(5-amino-4-(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)butanoate (5) (9.0 g, 23.7 mmol) and pyridine (4.4 mL, 54.4 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (100 mL) at 10 C. was added dropwise a solution of allylchloroformate (2.6 mL, 24.8 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (20 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture was sequentially washed with a saturated aqueous solution of copper (II) sulfate (80 mL), water (80 mL) and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (80 mL). The organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue (2.0 g out of the 11.0 g crude) was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 1%), to give the title compound (930 mg, 47% based on the amount purified) as a yellow oil.

(66) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 8.30 (br s, 1H), 7.63 (br s, 1H), 6.76 (br s, 1H), 5.92 (ddt, J=17.2, 10.6, 5.4, 5.4 Hz, 1H), 5.37-5.28 (m, 1H), 5.20 (dq, J=10.4, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 4.65-4.56 (m, 2H), 4.06 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 3.94-3.82 (m, 1H), 3.79 (s, 3H), 3.66 (s, 3H), 3.62-3.54 (m, 1H), 3.40 (br s, 1H), 3.10-2.88 (m, 1H), 2.52 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 2.22-2.04 (m, 3H), 1.64 (br s, 4H), 1.56-1.31 (m, 2H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 173.5, 170.6, 153.9, 149.7, 144.8, 132.6, 130.1, 117.6, 116.9, 110.8, 107.1, 106.0, 67.7, 65.6, 60.7, 56.3, 53.5, 51.6, 43.1, 30.5, 25.7, 24.4, 19.7; MS m/z (EIMS)=465.1 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.47 min.

Example 7: Allyl (6aS)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-3-(4-methoxy-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (7)

(67) ##STR00093##

(68) To a solution of methyl (S)-4-(5-(((allyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-4-(2-(hydroxymethyl)-piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)butanoate (6) (930 mg, 2.0 mmol) in dichloromethane (45 mL) was added TEMPO (32 mg, 0.20 mmol) and (diacetoxyiodo)-benzene (773 mg, 2.4 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h, and was then sequentially washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium metabisulfite (20 mL), a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL), water (20 mL) and brine (20 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 5%), to give the title compound (825 mg, 89%) as a cream solid.

(69) MS m/z (EIMS)=462.9 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.30 min.

Example 8: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-methoxy-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido-[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (8)

(70) ##STR00094##

(71) A mixture of allyl (6aS)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-3-(4-methoxy-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (7) (825 mg, 1.8 mmol), 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran (1.7 mL, 18.2 mmol) and pTSA (8.5 mg, 1% w/w) in ethyl acetate (12 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was then diluted with ethyl acetate (50 mL) and washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and brine (30 mL). The organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 2%), to give the title compound (820 mg, 84%) as a cream solid.

(72) MS m/z (EIMS)=546.7 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.70 min.

Example 9: 4-(((6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetra-hydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (9)

(73) ##STR00095##

(74) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-methoxy-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (8) (770 mg, 1.4 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) was added a 0.5 M aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (10 mL, 5.0 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (20 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=1 with a 1 M citric acid solution (5 mL). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were then washed with brine (50 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound (700 mg, 93%) as a yellow oil. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(75) MS m/z (EIMS)=532.9 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.98 min.

Example 10: Methyl 5-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate (10)

(76) ##STR00096##

(77) A solution of 4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (500 mg, 2.1 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (10 mL) was charged with 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (725 mg, 3.8 mmol) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (577 mg, 4.7 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. Methyl 5-aminobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate (392 mg, 1.9 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. This was then poured into ice-water (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (350 mL). The combined organic extracts were sequentially washed with 1 M citric acid (30 mL), a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (35 mL), water (35 mL) and brine (35 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 0% to 50%), to give the title compound (610 mg, 75%) as a beige solid.

(78) MS m/z (EIMS)=430.2 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.90 min.

Example 11: Methyl 5-(4-amino-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)-benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate hydrochloride (11)

(79) ##STR00097##

(80) Methyl 5-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzo-[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate (10) (610 mg, 1.4 mmol) was dissolved in hydrochloric acid (4 M in dioxane) (3.6 mL) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (600 mg, 99%) as a brown solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(81) MS m/z (EIMS)=329.9 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=5.52 min.

Example 12: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((5-((2-(methoxycarbonyl)benzo-[b]thiophen-5-yl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxo-butoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (12)

(82) ##STR00098##

(83) A solution of 4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (9) (150 mg, 0.28 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (4 mL) was charged with 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (100 mg, 0.52 mmol) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (80 mg, 0.65 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Methyl 5-(4-amino-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate hydrochloride (11) (95 mg, 0.26 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. This was then poured into ice-water (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (350 mL). The combined organic extracts were sequentially washed with 1M citric acid (30 mL), a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (35 mL), water (35 mL) and brine (35 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (190 mg, 87%) as a yellow oil. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(84) MS m/z (EIMS)=844.0 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=8.10 min.

Example 13: Methyl (S)-5-(4-(4-((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate (13)

(85) ##STR00099##

(86) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((5-((2-(methoxycarbonyl)benzo[b]-thiophen-5-yl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]-diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (12) (190 mg, 0.22 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (13 mg, 5 mol %), triphenyl-phosphine (15 mg, 25 mol %) and pyrrolidine (22 L, 0.27 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture was subjected to high vacuum for 30 min until excess pyrrolidine was thoroughly removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 70%), to give the title compound (60 mg, 40%) as a yellow solid.

(87) .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3, 400 MHz) 8.35 (s, 1H), 8.28 (s, 1H), 8.02 (s, 1H), 7.94 (s, 1H), 7.90 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (dd, J=8.7, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.42-7.41 (m, 1H), 7.13 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (s, 1H), 6.56 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 4.25-4.18 (m, 1H), 4.08 (t, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.79-3.75 (m, 1H), 3.23-3.16 (m, 1H), 2.52-2.47 (m, 2H), 2.21 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 2.18 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 1.96 (br s, 2H), 1.86-1.81 (m, 2H), 1.77-1.66 (m, 2H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 170.0, 167.6, 163.4, 163.2, 160.0, 150.7, 148.0, 140.0, 139.2, 137.6, 135.8, 134.2, 130.6, 123.0, 122.9, 121.5, 121.0, 120.1, 116.2, 111.7, 110.3, 104.3, 68.1, 56.1, 53.5, 52.5, 49.7, 40.0, 36.8, 33.0, 24.9, 24.5, 22.9, 18.3; MS m/z (EIMS)=658.0 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.92 min.

Example 14: Allyl (6aS)-3-(4-((2-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (14)

(88) ##STR00100##

(89) A solution of 4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (9) (340 mg, 0.64 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (10 mL) was charged with 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (222 mg, 1.2 mmol) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (177 mg, 1.4 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Ethyl 4-amino-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate hydrochloride (120 mg, 0.58 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. This was then poured into ice-water (40 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3100 mL). The combined organic extracts were sequentially washed with 1 M citric acid (60 mL), a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (70 mL), water (70 mL) and brine (70 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (350 mg, 80%) as a yellow oil. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(90) MS m/z (EIMS)=683.7 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.35 min.

Example 15: 4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]-pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylic acid (15)

(91) ##STR00101##

(92) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-3-(4-((2-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (14) (350 mg, 0.46 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) was added a 0.5 M aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (10 mL, 5.0 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (20 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=1 with a 1 M citric acid solution (10 mL). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were then washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride (50 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue was triturated in hexane, filtered and dried to give the title compound (220 mg, 74%) as a beige solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(93) MS m/z (EIMS)=656.2 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.53 min.

Example 16: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((2-((2-(methoxycarbonyl)-benzo[b]thiophen-5-yl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (16)

(94) ##STR00102##

(95) A solution of 4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylic acid (15) (110 mg, 0.17 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (4 mL) was charged with 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (59 mg, 0.31 mmol) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (47 mg, 0.38 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Methyl 5-aminobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate (32 mg, 0.15 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. This was then poured into ice-water (40 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3100 mL). The combined organic extracts were sequentially washed with 1 M citric acid (60 mL), a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (70 mL), water (70 mL) and brine (70 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/dichloromethane (0% to 100%), followed by methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%), to give the title compound (50 mg, 39%) as a yellow oil.

(96) MS m/z (EIMS)=844.9 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=8.22 min.

Example 17: Methyl (S)-5-(4-(4-((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate (17)

(97) ##STR00103##

(98) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((2-((2-(methoxycarbonyl)benzo[b]-thiophen-5-yl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]-diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (16) (50 mg, 0.06 mmol) in dichloromethane (3 mL) was added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (3.5 mg, 5 mol %), triphenylphosphine (3.9 mg, 25 mol %) and pyrrolidine (5.8 L, 0.07 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture was subjected to high vacuum for 30 min until excess pyrrolidine was thoroughly removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 50%), to give the title compound (10 mg, 26%) as a yellow solid.

(99) .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3, 400 MHz) 9.07 (s, 1H), 8.36 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.13 (s, 1H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.90 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 7.82 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (dd, J=8.7, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.49-7.43 (m, 2H), 6.81 (s, 1H), 4.26-4.17 (m, 2H), 4.10-4.06 (m, 3H), 3.98-3.93 (m, 6H), 3.93-3.85 (m, 1H), 3.74 (td, J=5.8, 4.0 Hz, 1H), 3.27-3.16 (m, 1H), 2.68-2.60 (m, 2H), 2.29 (quin, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 2.10-2.02 (m, 1H), 1.97-1.89 (m, 1H), 1.83-1.77 (m, 2H), 1.76 (s, 2H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 169.7, 167.5, 163.3, 163.2, 160.3, 156.7, 150.4, 148.0, 140.0, 139.3, 135.8, 135.0, 130.6, 123.2, 120.1, 115.4, 114.9, 110.3, 98.0, 67.8, 65.2, 56.1, 52.6, 49.6, 39.8, 35.9, 32.9, 31.0, 29.3, 24.7, 24.6, 22.9, 18.4; MS m/z (EIMS)=659.1 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.00 min.

Example 18: Methyl 4-(4-aminophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (18)

(100) ##STR00104##

(101) A mixture of methyl 4-bromo-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (750 mg, 3.44 mmol), 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)aniline (905 mg, 4.13 mmol) and potassium carbonate (1.43 g, 10.3 mmol) in toluene/ethanol/water (9:3:1) (13 mL total) was degassed with nitrogen for 5 mins. Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (230 mg, 6 mol %) was then charged and the reaction mixture was irradiated with microwaves at 100 C. for 15 mins. Water (10 mL) was then added to the reaction mixture, which was extracted with ethyl acetate (340 mL). The combined organic extracts were then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexanes (from 0% to 50%), to give the title compound (145 mg, 18%) as a yellow solid.

(102) MS m/z (EIMS)=230.9 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=5.17 min.

Example 19: Allyl (6S,6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((2-((4-(5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (19)

(103) ##STR00105##

(104) A solution of 4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylic acid (15) (110 mg, 0.17 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (4 mL) was charged with 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (59 mg, 0.31 mmol) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (47 mg, 0.38 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Methyl 4-(4-aminophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (18) (35 mg, 0.15 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. This was then poured into ice-water (40 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3100 mL). The combined organic extracts were sequentially washed with 1 M citric acid (60 mL), a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (70 mL), water (70 mL) and brine (70 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (0% to 50%), to give the title compound (54 mg, 37%) as a yellow oil.

(105) MS m/z (EIMS)=868.1 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=8.22 min.

Example 20: Methyl (S)-4-(4-(4-(4-((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (20)

(106) ##STR00106##

(107) To a solution of allyl (6S,6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((2-((4-(5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (19) (54 mg, 0.06 mmol) in dichloromethane (3 mL) was added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (3.6 mg, 5 mol %), triphenylphosphine (4.1 mg, 25 mol %) and pyrrolidine (6.2 L, 0.07 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture was subjected to high vacuum for 30 min until excess pyrrolidine was thoroughly removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 50%), to give the title compound (22 mg, 52%) as a yellow solid.

(108) .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3, 400 MHz) 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.27 (s, 1H), 7.89 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.47-7.41 (m, 4H), 7.19 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 6.79 (s, 1H), 4.25-4.18 (m, 1H), 4.17-4.12 (m, 1H), 4.12-4.06 (m, 1H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 3.76-3.71 (m, 1H), 3.26-3.16 (m, 1H), 2.65-2.57 (m, 2H), 2.26 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 2.09-2.01 (m, 2H), 1.96-1.89 (m, 1H), 1.85-1.77 (m, 2H), 1.67 (dd, J=10.9, 5.5 Hz, 1H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 169.7, 167.5, 163.3, 161.7, 156.5, 150.4, 148.0, 140.0, 135.8, 135.6, 133.7, 130.6, 126.1, 125.5, 123.1, 122.8, 120.0, 114.6, 111.6, 110.2, 67.8, 56.1, 51.2, 49.6, 39.8, 37.0, 35.8, 32.8, 31.0, 29.7, 24.7, 24.5, 22.9, 18.4; MS m/z (EIMS)=682.1 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.03 min.

Example 21: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (21)

(109) ##STR00107##

(110) A solution of 4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (9) (150 mg, 0.64 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (4 mL) was charged with 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (98 mg, 0.51 mmol) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (79 mg, 0.64 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Methyl 4-amino-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate hydrochloride (49 mg, 0.26 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. This was then poured into ice-water (40 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3100 mL). The combined organic extracts were sequentially washed with 1 M citric acid (60 mL), a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (70 mL), water (70 mL) and brine (70 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (iso mg, 88%) as a yellow oil. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(111) MS m/z (EIMS)=668.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.42 min.

Example 22: 4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]-pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (22)

(112) ##STR00108##

(113) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (21) (150 mg, 0.22 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (5 mL) was added a 0.5 M aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (5 mL, 5.0 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (20 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=1 with a 1 M citric acid solution (10 mL). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were then washed with brine (50 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (140 mg, 90%) as a beige solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(114) MS m/z (EIMS)=677.0 (M+Na).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.92 min.

Example 23: Allyl (6S,6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((5-((4-(5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (23)

(115) ##STR00109##

(116) A solution of 4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (22) (140 mg, 0.21 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (4 mL) was charged with 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (74 mg, 0.39 mmol) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (59 mg, 0.48 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Methyl 4-(4-aminophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (18) (45 mg, 0.19 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. This was then poured into ice-water (40 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3100 mL). The combined organic extracts were sequentially washed with 1 M citric acid (60 mL), a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (70 mL), water (70 mL) and brine (70 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (0% to 50%), to give the title compound (160 mg, 95%) as a yellow solid.

(117) MS m/z (EIMS)=867.0 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=8.10 min.

Example 24: Methyl (S)-4-(4-(4-(4-((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (24)

(118) ##STR00110##

(119) To a solution of allyl (6S,6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((5-((4-(5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (23) (80 mg, 0.09 mmol) in dichloromethane (3 mL) was added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (5.3 mg, 5 mol %), triphenyl-phosphine (6.1 mg, 25 mol %) and pyrrolidine (9.1 L, 0.11 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture was subjected to high vacuum for 30 min until excess pyrrolidine was thoroughly removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 50%), to give the title compound (23 mg, 37%) as a yellow solid.

(120) .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3, 400 MHz) 8.09 (s, 1H), 8.04-8.01 (m, 1H), 7.90 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (s, 1H), 7.56 (s, 1H), 7.44-7.40 (m, 3H), 7.18 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.12 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (s, 1H), 6.50 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 4.26-4.18 (m, 1H), 4.07 (t, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 3.84 (d, J=2.9 Hz, 6H), 3.76 (td, J=5.7, 3.9 Hz, 1H), 3.25-3.15 (m, 1H), 2.49 (t, J=7.0 Hz, 2H), 2.24-2.18 (m, 2H), 2.10-2.03 (m, 1H), 2.01-1.93 (m, 2H), 1.86-1.80 (m, 2H), 1.73-1.66 (m, 1H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 169.9, 167.6, 163.5, 161.7, 159.7, 150.7, 147.9, 139.9, 136.4, 130.2, 126.1, 125.4, 123.3, 123.0, 120.6, 119.8, 114.6, 111.7 110.2, 103.9, 68.1, 56.1, 53.8, 51.2, 49.7, 39.9, 37.0, 36.7, 33.0, 31.0, 29.3, 24.9, 24.5, 22.9, 18.4; MS m/z (EIMS)=681.0 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.98 min.

Example 25: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)-amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (25)

(121) ##STR00111##

(122) A solution of 4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (9) (200 mg, 0.376 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (5 mL) was charged with N-[(dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (150 mg, 0.394 mmol) and anhydrous triethylamine (220 L, 1.58 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for min. Methyl 4-aminobenzoate (57.0 mg, 0.376 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water containing a few drops of acetic acid (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%), to give the title compound (110 mg, 44%) as a yellow solid.

(123) MS (ES+): m/z=666 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.88 min.

Example 26: 4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]-pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)benzoic acid (26)

(124) ##STR00112##

(125) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo-[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (25) (90 mg, 0.14 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2.5 mL) was added an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (0.5 M, 2.5 mL, 1.3 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (20 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=1 with an aqueous solution of citric acid (1M, 10 mL). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were then washed with brine (50 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (86 mg, 98%) as a cream solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(126) MS (ES+): m/z=652 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.13 min.

Example 27: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((4-((4-(5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)phenyl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]-pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (27)

(127) ##STR00113##

(128) A solution of 4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)benzoic acid (26) (40 mg, 0.061 mmol) in anhydrous dichloro-methane (1 mL) was charged with N-[(dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]-pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (25 mg, 0.064 mmol) and anhydrous triethylamine (36 L, 0.26 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Methyl 4-(4-aminophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (18) (14 mg, 0.061 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water containing a few drops of acetic acid (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%), to give the title compound (43 mg, 63%) as a yellow oil.

(129) MS (ES+): m/z=864 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=8.10 min.

Example 28: Methyl (S)-4-(4-(4-(4-((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-benzamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (28)

(130) ##STR00114##

(131) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((4-((4-(5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)phenyl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (27) (33 mg, 0.038 mmol) in dichloromethane (3 mL) was added tetrakis-(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (2.2 mg, 5 mol %), triphenylphosphine (2.5 mg, 25 mol %) and pyrrolidine (4 L, 0.11 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture was subjected to high vacuum for 30 min until excess pyrrolidine was thoroughly removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (5.8 mg, 21%) as a yellow solid.

(132) .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3, 400 MHz) 8.14 (br s, 1H), 8.06 (br s, 1H), 7.91 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 7.81 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 7.65 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.60 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.46-7.50 (m, 2H), 7.41 (s, 1H), 7.21 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.08 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 6.78-6.82 (m, 1H), 4.24 (d, J=14.0 Hz, 1H), 4.11-4.18 (m, 2H), 3.95-3.98 (m, 3H), 3.83-3.86 (m, 6H), 3.74-3.79 (m, 2H), 3.18-3.30 (m, 2H), 2.60-2.66 (m, 2H), 2.28 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 1.97 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 1.82-1.88 (m, 2H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 215.5, 171.1, 167.5, 165.0, 163.4, 161.7, 150.3, 147.8, 141.3, 140.0, 136.2, 130.8, 128.1, 125.6, 123.5, 123.1, 121.5, 120.6, 119.3, 114.7, 111.7, 110.2, 67.9, 56.1, 51.2, 49.7, 39.8, 37.0, 34.3, 30.9, 25.6, 24.5, 23.0, 18.4; MS (ES+): m/z=678 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.05 min.

Example 29: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((4-((2-(methoxycarbonyl)benzo-[b]thiophen-5-yl)carbamoyl)phenyl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetra-hydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a]-[1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (29)

(133) ##STR00115##

(134) A solution of 4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)benzoic acid (26) (40 mg, 0.061 mmol) in anhydrous dichloro-methane (1 mL) was charged with N-[(dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]-pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (25 mg, 0.064 mmol) and anhydrous triethylamine (36 L, 0.26 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Methyl 5-aminobenzo[b]-thiophene-2-carboxylate (13 mg, 0.063 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water containing a few drops of acetic acid (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%), to give the title compound (34 mg, 45%) as a brown oil.

(135) MS (ES+): m/z=841 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=8.15 min.

Example 30: Methyl (S)-5-(4-(4-((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-benzamido)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate (30)

(136) ##STR00116##

(137) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((4-((2-(methoxycarbonyl)benzo[b]-thiophen-5-yl)carbamoyl)phenyl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (29) (23 mg, 0.028 mmol) in dichloromethane (1.5 mL) was added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (1.6 mg, 5 mol %), triphenylphosphine (1.8 mg, 25 mol %) and pyrrolidine (3.0 L, 0.11 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture was subjected to high vacuum for 30 min until excess pyrrolidine was thoroughly removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloro-methane (from 0% to 100%) followed by methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (5.4 mg, 30%) as a pink solid.

(138) .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3, 400 MHz) 8.48 (br s, 1H), 8.39 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 8.31 (s, 1H), 7.97 (s, 1H), 7.91 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 1H), 7.77-7.84 (m, 3H), 7.65 (dd, J=8.8, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.38 (s, 1H), 6.79 (s, 1H), 4.24 (dt, J=13.7, 4.1 Hz, 1H), 4.09-4.17 (m, 2H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 3.79-3.82 (m, 3H), 3.74-3.79 (m, 1H), 3.49 (d, J=3.9 Hz, 1H), 3.29-3.41 (m, 1H), 3.17-3.28 (m, 1H), 2.58-2.64 (m, 2H), 2.26 (quin, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 2.05-2.13 (m, 1H), 1.92-2.01 (m, 1H), 1.83-1.87 (m, 1H), 1.07-1.19 (m, 1H); .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3, 100 MHz) 171.2, 167.5, 165.5, 163.4, 163.2, 150.4, 147.8, 141.5, 140.0, 139.3, 138.0, 135.1, 134.4, 130.6, 128.2, 123.0, 121.4, 120.9, 119.2, 116.4, 111.7, 110.1, 67.9, 56.0, 52.6, 49.7, 39.8, 34.2, 30.9, 24.7, 24.5, 22.9, 18.3; MS (ES+): m/z=655 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.00 min.

Example 31: Methyl 4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)benzoate (31)

(139) ##STR00117##

(140) A solution of 4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylic acid (100 mg, 0.415 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (3 mL) was charged with N-[(dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (165 mg, 0.435 mmol) and anhydrous triethylamine (242 L, 1.74 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for min. Methyl 4-aminobenzoate (63 mg, 0.42 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water containing a few drops of acetic acid (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%), to give the title compound (40 mg, 26%) as a cream solid.

(141) .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3, 400 MHz) 9.16 (s, 1H), 8.01-8.07 (m, 2H), 7.69-7.75 (m, 2H), 7.21 (br s, 1H), 6.84 (s, 1H), 4.07 (s, 3H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 1.53 (s, 9H); MS (ES): m/z=373 (MH).sup.; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.68 min.

Example 32: Methyl 4-(4-amino-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)-benzoate hydrochloride (32)

(142) ##STR00118##

(143) Methyl 4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)-benzoate (31) (40 mg, 0.11 mmol) was dissolved in hydrochloric acid (4 M in 1,4-dioxane) (2 mL) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (33 mg, 99%) as a brown solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(144) .sup.1H NMR (MeOD, 400 MHz) 7.89-7.95 (m, 2H), 7.72-7.78 (m, 2H), 7.31 (s, 1H), 4.01 (s, 3H), 3.80 (s, 3H); .sup.13C NMR (MeOD, 100 MHz) 168.0, 143.6, 132.5, 131.6, 126.9, 123.3, 120.6, 92.6, 68.1, 52.3, 36.7; MS (ES+): m/z=275 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=5.43 min.

Example 33: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((2-((4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)-carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido-[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (33)

(145) ##STR00119##

(146) A solution of 4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (9) (50 mg, 0.094 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (0.5 mL) was charged with N-[(dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (38 mg, 0.099 mmol) and anhydrous triethylamine (55 L, 0.40 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for min. Methyl 4-(4-amino-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)-benzoate hydrochloride (32) (30 mg, 0.094 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water containing a few drops of acetic acid (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%), to give the title compound (72 mg, 97%) as a brown oil.

(147) MS (ES+): m/z=789 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.87 min.

Example 34: Methyl (S)-4-(4-(4-((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)benzoate (34)

(148) ##STR00120##

(149) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((2-((4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)-carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (33) (72 mg, 0.091 mmol) in dichloromethane (2 mL) was added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (5.3 mg, 5 mol %), triphenylphosphine (6.0 mg, 25 mol %) and pyrrolidine (9.0 L, 0.11 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture was subjected to high vacuum for 30 min until excess pyrrolidine was thoroughly removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloro-methane (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (15 mg, 27%) as a yellow solid.

(150) .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3, 400 MHz) 9.13 (s, 1H), 8.24 (s, 1H), 8.03 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 7.90 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 7.65-7.75 (m, 2H), 7.43-7.50 (m, 2H), 6.77-6.83 (m, 1H), 4.12-4.23 (m, 2H), 4.07 (s, 3H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.18-3.27 (m, 1H), 2.80 (s, 3H), 2.56-2.68 (m, 3H), 2.23-2.31 (m, 2H), 1.85 (d, J=10.1 Hz, 4H); .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3, 100 MHz) 169.3, 167.1, 166.2, 162.9, 156.2, 150.1, 147.6, 147.4, 141.4, 139.6, 135.6, 132.8, 130.5, 130.3, 125.2, 121.1, 118.2, 114.8, 111.2, 109.9, 94.1, 67.4, 63.5, 55.7, 53.4, 51.6, 49.2, 39.4, 38.2, 35.5, 32.5, 31.6, 30.9, 28.9, 24.9, 24.3, 24.1, 22.5, 19.9, 18.0; MS (ES+): m/z=603 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.57 min.

Example 35: Methyl 4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzoate (35)

(151) ##STR00121##

(152) A solution of 4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (100 mg, 0.416 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (3 mL) was charged with 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (145 mg, 0.756 mmol) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (115 mg, 0.941 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. Methyl 4-aminobenzoate (57 mg, 0.38 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. This was then poured onto ice-water (40 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3100 mL). The combined organic extracts were sequentially washed with an aqueous solution of citric acid (1 M, 60 mL), a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (70 mL), water (70 mL) and brine (70 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%), to give the title compound (90 mg, 58%) as a white solid.

(153) .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3, 400 MHz) 7.99-8.07 (m, 2H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.61-7.67 (m, 2H), 6.88 (s, 1H), 6.69 (br s, 1H), 6.25 (br s, 1H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 1.52 (s, 9H); .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3, 100 MHz) 166.6, 159.4, 153.4, 142.3, 130.9, 125.5, 123.1, 122.5, 119.2, 118.7, 140.1, 80.5, 52.0, 36.8, 28.4; MS (ES+): m/z=374 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.52 min.

Example 36: Methyl 4-(4-amino-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)-benzoate hydrochloride (36)

(154) ##STR00122##

(155) Methyl 4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)-benzoate (35) (90 mg, 0.24 mmol) was dissolved in hydrochloric acid (4 M in 1,4-dioxane) (3 mL) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (79 mg, 99%) as a cream solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(156) .sup.1H NMR (MeOD, 400 MHz) 7.99 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 7.80 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 7.13 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.09 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 3.89 (s, 3H); .sup.13C NMR (MeOD, 100 MHz) 168.2, 161.2, 144.5, 131.5, 126.9, 126.4, 123.7, 120.8, 114.2, 109.0, 52.5, 37.5; MS (ES+): m/z=274 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=4.98 min.

Example 37: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((5-((4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)-carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido-[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (37)

(157) ##STR00123##

(158) A solution of 4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)-oxy)butanoic acid (9) (50 mg, 0.094 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (0.5 mL) was charged with N-[(dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (38 mg, 0.099 mmol) and anhydrous triethylamine (55 L, 0.40 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Methyl 4-(4-amino-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzoate hydrochloride (36) (30 mg, 0.094 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water containing a few drops of acetic acid (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%), to give the title compound (72 mg, 97%) as a brown oil.

(159) MS (ES+): m/z=788 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.77 min.

Example 38: Methyl (S)-4-(4-(4-((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzoate (38)

(160) ##STR00124##

(161) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((5-((4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)-carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (37) (72 mg, 0.091 mmol) in dichloromethane (2 mL) was added tetrakis-(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (5.3 mg, 5 mol %), triphenylphosphine (6.0 mg, 25 mol %) and pyrrolidine (9.0 L, 0.11 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture was subjected to high vacuum for 30 min until excess pyrrolidine was thoroughly removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (15.0 mg, 27%) as a yellow solid.

(162) .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3, 400 MHz) 8.41 (s, 1H), 8.00 (s, 2H), 7.98 (s, 1H), 7.90 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 1H), 7.72-7.74 (m, 1H), 7.70-7.72 (m, 1H), 7.41 (s, 1H), 7.14 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 6.79 (s, 1H), 6.57 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 4.22 (d, J=14.1 Hz, 1H), 4.09 (t, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.74-3.79 (m, 2H), 3.21 (d, J=3.3 Hz, 1H), 2.47-2.52 (m, 2H), 2.17-2.23 (m, 2H), 1.93 (br s, 3H), 1.79-1.85 (m, 2H); .sup.13C NMR (CDCl.sub.3, 100 MHz) 170.0, 167.6, 166.8, 163.6, 159.8, 150.7, 147.9, 142.9, 139.9, 130.7, 124.9, 122.8, 121.6, 121.5, 120.8, 119.1, 111.8, 110.4, 104.6, 68.1, 56.1, 52.0, 49.7, 39.9, 36.9, 33.0, 31.0, 25.0, 24.5, 22.9, 18.3; MS (ES+): m/z=602 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.52 min.

Example 39: 4-(4-(4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]-pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (39)

(163) ##STR00125##

(164) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((5-((4-(5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (23) (195 mg, 0.225 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (5 mL) was added an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (0.5 M, 5 mL, 2.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (20 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=1 with an aqueous solution of citric acid (1 M, 5 mL). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were then washed with brine (50 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound (190 mg, 99%) as a cream solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(165) MS (ES+): m/z=853 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.83 min.

Example 40: Allyl (6aS)-3-(4-((5-((4-(5-((4-aminophenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (40)

(166) ##STR00126##

(167) A solution of 4 4-(4-(4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (39) (320 mg, 0.375 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (1.5 mL) was charged with N-[(dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (150 mg, 0.395 mmol) and anhydrous triethylamine (220 L, 1.58 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Benzene-1,4-diamine (41 mg, 0.38 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water containing a few drops of acetic acid (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%), to give the title compound (250 mg, 71%) as a cream solid.

(168) MS (ES+): m/z=944 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.45 min.

Example 41: (S)N-(4-aminophenyl)-4-(4-(4-(4-((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7, 8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butan-amido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (41)

(169) ##STR00127##

(170) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-3-(4-((5-((4-(5-((4-aminophenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]-pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (40) (250 mg, 0.265 mmol) in dichloromethane (3 mL) was added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (15 mg, 5 mol %), triphenylphosphine (17 mg, 25 mol %) and pyrrolidine (26 L, 0.32 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was subjected to high vacuum for 30 min until excess pyrrolidine was thoroughly removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 100%) followed by methanol/acetone (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (118 mg, 59%) as a yellow solid.

(171) .sup.1H NMR (DMSO-d.sub.6, 400 MHz) 9.88-9.96 (m, 1H), 9.81 (s, 2H), 9.50 (s, 1H), 8.32 (br s, 2H), 8.00 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 7.67-7.73 (m, 2H), 7.48 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.39 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.31-7.35 (m, 2H), 7.30 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (s, 1H), 7.22 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 6.96 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 6.80 (s, 1H), 6.51-6.55 (m, 2H), 4.09-4.17 (m, 1H), 3.99-4.05 (m, 1H), 3.90-3.97 (m, 1H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 3.68-3.72 (m, 1H), 3.05-3.16 (m, 2H), 2.44 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.02-2.07 (m, 2H), 1.81-1.91 (m, 1H), 1.68-1.78 (m, 2H), 1.56 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 2H); .sup.13C NMR (DMSO-d.sub.6, 100 MHz) 168.8, 166.3, 164.7, 159.5, 159.2, 150.2, 147.1, 144.7, 139.8, 137.0, 129.6, 128.2, 126.1, 124.6, 124.3, 122.0, 121.8, 120.4, 120.2, 118.8, 113.7, 111.3, 109.6, 104.7, 67.7, 67.2, 55.6, 51.1, 49.2, 38.5, 36.2, 36.1, 35.4, 31.8, 30.2, 24.7, 23.7, 22.5, 17.7; MS (ES+): m/z=757 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=5.80 min. HRMS (EI, m/z): calculated for C.sub.42H.sub.44N.sub.8O.sub.6 (M+1).sup.+ 757.3457, observed 757.3457.

Example 42: Methyl 5-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzo[b] thiophene-2-carboxylate (42)

(172) ##STR00128##

(173) A solution of 4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (127 mg, 0.530 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (1 mL) was charged with 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (185 mg, 0.960 mmol) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (147 mg, 1.20 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 h. Methyl 5-aminobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate (100 mg, 0.480 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. This was then poured onto ice-water (40 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3100 mL). The combined organic extracts were sequentially washed with an aqueous solution of citric acid (1 M, 60 mL), a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (70 mL), water (70 mL) and brine (70 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound (185 mg, 90%) as a cream solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(174) MS (ES+): m/z=430 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.07 min.

Example 43: Methyl 5-(4-amino-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)-benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate hydrochloride (43)

(175) ##STR00129##

(176) Methyl 5-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzo-[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate (42) (150 mg, 0.340 mmol) was dissolved in hydrochloric acid (4 M in 1,4-dioxane) mL) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (118 mg, 95%) as a pale brown solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(177) MS (ES+): m/z=364 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=2.78 min.

Example 44: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((5-((2-(methoxycarbonyl)benzo-[b]thiophen-5-yl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxo-butoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (44)

(178) ##STR00130##

(179) A solution 4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (9) (300 mg, 0.560 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (3 mL) was charged with 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (238 mg, 1.23 mmol) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (189 mg, 1.55 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 h. Methyl 5-(4-amino-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate hydrochloride (43) (225 mg, 0.620 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. This was then poured onto ice-water (40 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3100 mL). The combined organic extracts were sequentially washed with an aqueous solution of citric acid (1 M, 60 mL), a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (70 mL), water (70 mL) and brine (70 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 30%), to give the title compound (348 mg, 66%) as a brown solid.

(180) MS (ES+): m/z=844 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R 4.23 min.

Example 45: 5-(4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]-pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (45)

(181) ##STR00131##

(182) To a solution of 4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (44) (327 mg, 0.387 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (5 mL) was added an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (0.5 M, 5 mL, 2.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (20 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=1 with an aqueous solution of citric acid (1 M, 5 mL). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were then washed with brine (50 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound (315 mg, 99%) as a brown solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(183) MS (ES+): m/z=831 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.82 min.

Example 46: Allyl (6aS)-3-(4-((54(2-((4-aminophenyl)carbamoyl)benzo-[b]thiophen-5-yl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxo-butoxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (46)

(184) ##STR00132##

(185) A solution of 5-(4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (45) (50 mg, 0.060 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (1 mL) was charged with N-[(dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (28 mg, 0.072 mmol) and anhydrous triethylamine (35 L, 0.25 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Benzene-1,4-diamine (7.0 mg, 0.066 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water containing a few drops of acetic acid (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 50%), to give the title compound (6.8 mg, 12%) as a yellow solid.

(186) MS (ES+): m/z=921 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.48 min

Example 47: (S)N-(2-((4-Aminophenyl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5-yl)-4-(4-((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-14)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (47)

(187) ##STR00133##

(188) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-3-(4-((5-((2-((4-aminophenyl)carbamoyl)benzo[b]thiophen-5-yl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]-diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (46) (6.8 mg, 0.0074 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 mL) was added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.4 mg, 5 mol %), triphenyl-phosphine (0.5 mg, 25 mol %) and pyrrolidine (1 L, 0.012 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was subjected to high vacuum for 30 min until excess pyrrolidine was thoroughly removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 100%) followed by methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 5%), to give the title compound (1.7 mg, 31%) as a pale yellow solid.

(189) .sup.1H NMR (DMSO-d.sub.6, 400 MHz) 10.13 (s, 1H), 9.98-10.03 (m, 1H), 9.95 (s, 1H), 8.35-8.42 (m, 1H), 8.19 (s, 1H), 8.01 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.33-7.40 (m, 2H), 7.23-7.28 (m, 2H), 7.02 (s, 1H), 6.81 (s, 1H), 6.57 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 5.00 (br. s., 2H), 4.10-4.14 (m, 1H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.65-3.74 (m, 2H), 3.15-3.19 (m, 1H), 3.06-3.14 (m, 1H), 2.45 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 3H), 2.11-2.13 (m, 1H), 2.00-2.08 (m, 4H) 1.74 (dd, J=9.0, 5.3 Hz, 3H); MS (ES+): m/z=734 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=5.63 min.

(190) General Synthetic Scheme

(191) ##STR00134## ##STR00135##

Example 48: Ethyl 6-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)hexanoate (48)

(192) ##STR00136##

(193) A mixture of vanillin (6.5 g, 42.7 mmol), ethyl 6-bromohexanoate (8.0 mL, 45.0 mmol) and potassium carbonate (8.70 g, 63.0 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformaldehyde (50 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (100 mL), separated and extracted with ethyl acetate (120 mL). The combined organic extracts were sequentially washed with water (100 mL), brine (100 mL), dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as a pale yellow oil (12.5 g, 99%). The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(194) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 9.84 (s, 1H), 7.42-7.44 (dd, J=8.2, 1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 6.96 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 4.08-4.15 (m, 4H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 2.34 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 1.87-1.94 (m, 2H), 1.68-1.75 (m, 2H), 1.49-1.56 (m, 2H), 1.25 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); MS (ES+): m/z=317 (M+Na).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.82 min.

Example 49: Ethyl 6-(4-formyl-2-methoxy-5-nitrophenoxy)hexanoate (49)

(195) ##STR00137##

(196) To a stirred solution of potassium nitrate (5.4 g, 53 mmol) in trifluoroacetic acid (25 mL) at room temperature was added dropwise a solution of ethyl 6-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)hexanoate (48) (12.5, 42 mmol) in trifluoroacetic acid (25 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h. It was then concentrated in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (200 mL). This was washed with brine (350 mL) followed by a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (240 mL), dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound as a yellow solid (14.4 g, 100%). The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(197) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 10.43 (s, 1H) 7.58 (s, 1H), 7.40 (s, 1H), 4.10-4.16 (m, 4H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 2.35 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 1.84-1.96 (m, 2H), 1.69-1.76 (m, 2H), 1.50-1.58 (m, 2H), 1.25 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H); MS (ES+): m/z=340 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.02 min.

Example 50: 4-((6-Ethoxy-6-oxohexyl)oxy)-5-methoxy-2-nitrobenzoic acid (50)

(198) ##STR00138##

(199) To a solution of ethyl 6-(4-formyl-2-methoxy-5-nitrophenoxy)hexanoate (49) (7.8 g, 23.0 mmol) in acetone (200 mL) was added a hot (70 C.) solution of potassium permanganate (13.6 g, 86.0 mmol) in water (100 ml). The mixture was then stirred at 70 C. for 4 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and passed through celite. The cake was then washed with hot water (100 mL). A solution of sodium bisulfite in hydrochloric acid (100 mL) was added to the filtrate and extracted with dichloromethane (2200 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtrated and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound as a yellow solid (5.0 g, 61%) which was used in the subsequent step without further purification.

(200) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.34 (s, 1H), 7.14 (s, 1H), 3.96-4.03 (m, 4H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 2.24 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 1.70-1.77 (m, 2H), 1.55-1.62 (m, 2H), 1.39-1.45 (m, 2H), 1.13 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H); MS (ES+): m/z=354 (MH).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.63 min.

Example 51: Ethyl (S)-6-(4-(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxy-5-nitrophenoxy)hexanoate (51)

(201) ##STR00139##

(202) To a stirred solution of 4-((6-ethoxy-6-oxohexyl)oxy)-5-methoxy-2-nitrobenzoic acid (50) (2.0 g, 5.6 mmol) and trimethylamine (4.70 mL, 33.8 mmol) in dichloromethane (40 mL) was added O-(7-azabenzotriazole-1-yl)-N,N,N,N-tetramethyluronium hexa-fluorophosphate (2.2 g, 5.9 mmol) in one portion and the resulting mixture was stirred for 2 h at room temperature. A solution of (S)-piperidin-2-ylmethanol (647 mg, 5.63 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was then added dropwise and the resulting mixture was stirred for 16 h at room temperature. The reaction was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (40 mL), the phases were separated and the aqueous layer was further extracted with dichloromethane (20 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with brine (40 mL), dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give an amber oil. Purification was carried out by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (1.2 g, 48%) as a colourless oil.

(203) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.60-7.63 (m, 1H), 6.75-6.77 (m, 1H), 4.02-4.13 (m, 4H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.70-3.78 (m, 1H), 3.39-3.68 (m, 1H), 3.11-3.18 (m, 3H), 2.32 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 1.83-1.91 (m, 2H), 1.39-1.72 (m, 11H), 1.26 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H); MS (ES+): m/z=453 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.63 min.

Example 52: Ethyl (S)-6-(5-amino-4-(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-Methoxyphenoxy)hexanoate (52)

(204) ##STR00140##

(205) To a solution of ethyl (S)-6-(4-(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxy-5-nitrophenoxy)hexanoate (51) (1.2 g, 2.7 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) was added Raney-Nickel (slurry in H.sub.2O) (120 mg). The resulting mixture was hydrogenated at 50 psi for 1.5 h in a Parr apparatus, then filtered through a celite pad and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (991 mg, 87%) as a grey oil that solidifies upon standing. The resulting material was carried through to the next step without further purification.

(206) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 6.69 (s, 1H), 6.32 (s, 1H), 4.13 (m, 4H), 3.98 (t, J=6.5 Hz, 2H), 3.79 (s, 3H), 3.67-3.57 (m, 1H), 3.19-3.22 (m, 4H), 2.87 (s, 2H), 2.32-2.36 (m, 2H), 1.82-1.89 (m, 2H), 1.65-1.73 (m, 6H), 1.47-1.55 (m, 3H), 1.27 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H); MS (ES+): m/z=423 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.23 min.

Example 53: Ethyl (S)-6-(5-(((allyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-4-(2-(hydroxy-methyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)hexanoate (53)

(207) ##STR00141##

(208) To a solution of ethyl (S)-6-(5-amino-4-(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)hexanoate (52) (1.23 g, 2.91 mmol) and pyridine (542 L, 6.69 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (20 mL) at 10 C., a solution of allyl chloroformate (278 L, 2.62 mmol) in dichloromethane (12 mL) was added dropwise. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 h, quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of copper (II) sulfate (25 mL), diluted with dichloromethane (10 mL), separated, and successively washed with water (20 mL), a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and brine (20 mL). The organic layer was then dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (588 mg, 40%) as an orange oil. The resulting material was carried through to the next step without further purification.

(209) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 8.23 (br s, 1H), 7.70 (br s, 1H), 6.78 (s, 1H), 5.90-6.00 (m, 1H), 5.33-5.38 (m, 1H), 5.24 (dd, J=10.4, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 4.63 (m, 2H), 4.12 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H) 4.05 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.64-3.72 (m, 1H), 3.02-3.12 (m, 1H), 2.33 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 1.84-1.91 (m, 2H), 1.67-1.74 (m, 10H), 1.66-1.54 (m, 4H), 1.26 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H); MS (ES+): m/z=507 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.70 min.

Example 54: Allyl (6aS)-3-((6-ethoxy-6-oxohexyl)oxy)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]-diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (54)

(210) ##STR00142##

(211) To a solution of ethyl (S)-6-(5-(((allyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-4-(2-(hydroxymethyl)-piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)hexanoate (53) (1.7 g, 3.4 mmol) in dichloromethane (80 mL) was added 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (53 mg, 0.30 mmol) and (diacetoxyiodo)benzene (1.3 g, 4.0 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h, and was then placed in an ice bath and quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium metabisulfite (35 mL). The mixture was diluted with dichloromethane (30 mL), separated, and sequentially washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (30 mL), water (30 mL) and brine (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Purification was carried out by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 0% to 80%) to give the desired compound (1.1 g, 66%) as a colourless oil.

(212) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.70-7.72 (m, 1H), 7.09-7.13 (m, 1H), 5.80-5.98 (m, 1H), 5.25-5.38 (m, 1H), 5.14-5.19 (m, 2H), 4.63-4.72 (m, 2H), 4.35-4.50 (m, 1H), 4.13 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 4.03-4.08 (m, 1H), 3.96-4.01 (m, 2H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.81-3.83 (m, 1H), 3.45-3.53 (m, 1H), 3.03-3.10 (m, 1H), 2.33 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 1.83-1.90 (m, 2H), 1.62-1.74 (m, 10H), 1.48-1.53 (m, 2H); MS (ES+): m/z=505 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.57 min.

Example 55: Allyl (6aS)-3-((6-ethoxy-6-oxohexyl)oxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido-[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (55)

(213) ##STR00143##

(214) To containing solution of allyl (6aS)-3-((6-ethoxy-6-oxohexyl)oxy)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (54) (1.1 g, 2.2 mmol) in dichloromethane (50 mL) were added 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran (2.00 mL, 22.4 mmol) and p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (113 mg, 1% w/w), and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 h. The reaction mixture was then diluted with dichloromethane (50 mL) and washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (50 mL) and brine (50 mL). The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as a yellow oil (863 mg, 66%) after purification by column chromatography (silica) eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 0% to 70%).

(215) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.16 (m, 1H), 6.50 (s, 1H), 6.10 (m, 1H), 5.76-5.81 (m, 1H), 5.03-5.14 (m, 2H), 4.57-4.69 (m, 2H), 4.37-4.49 (m, 1H), 4.26-4.34 (m, 1H), 4.12 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.94-4.01 (m, 3H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 3.62-3.68 (m, 1H), 3.46-3.68 (m, 2H), 3.03-3.12 (m, 1H), 2.33 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 1.66-1.89 (m, 11H), 1.47-1.57 (m, 6H), 1.25 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H); MS (ES+): m/z=589 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.32 min.

Example 56: 6-(((6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetra-hydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)hexanoic acid (56)

(216) ##STR00144##

(217) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-3-((6-ethoxy-6-oxohexyl)oxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]-diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (55) (200 mg, 0.34 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (3 ml) was added an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (0.5 M, 1.2 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (6 ml) was added and the aqueous layer was then acidified to pH=1 with acetic acid. The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (240 mL). The combined organic extracts were then washed with brine (40 ml), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as a yellow oil (181 mg, 95%) which was used in the next step without further purification.

(218) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.18 (s, 1H), 6.19 (s, 1H), 5.99-6.19 (m, 1H), 5.71-5.81 (m, 1H), 5.02-5.12 (m, 2H), 4.51-4.67 (m, 1H), 4.36-4.48 (m, 1H), 4.23-4.31 (m, 1H), 3.88-4.00 (m, 7H), 3.46-3.66 (m, 2H), 3.02-3.12 (m, 1H), 2.36 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 1.79-1.81 (m, 2H), 1.65-1.75 (m, 10H), 1.49-1.55 (m, 7H); MS (ES+): m/z=561 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.78 min.

Example 57: Methyl 4-(4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2 carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2 carboxylate (57)

(219) ##STR00145##

(220) To a solution of 4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (18) (59 mg, 0.23 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (4 mL) was added 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (67 mg, 0.36 mmol) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (65 mg, 0.53 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. Methyl 4-(4-aminophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (41 mg, 0.18 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture which was then stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was poured into ice-water (40 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3100 mL). The combined organic layer was sequentially washed with 1 M citric acid (60 mL), a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (70 mL), water (70 mL) and brine (70 mL). The organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/dichloromethane (from 0% to 50%), to give the title compound (36 mg, 45%) as a cream solid.

(221) MS (ES+): m/z=453 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.07 min.

Example 58: Methyl 4-(4-(4-amino-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)-phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (58)

(222) ##STR00146##

(223) Methyl 4-(4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)-phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (57) (150 mg, 0.330 mmol) was dissolved in hydrochloric acid (4 M in 1,4-dioxane) (1 mL) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (114 mg, 99%) as a brown solid. The product was carried through to the next step without further purification.

(224) MS (ES+): m/z=353 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=2.88 min.

Example 59: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-((6-((5-((4-(5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-6-oxohexyl)oxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (59)

(225) ##STR00147##

(226) A solution of 6-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)hexanoic acid (56) (194 mg, 0.360 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (5 mL) was charged with 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (126 mg, 0.660 mmol) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (121 mg, 0.990 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. Methyl 4-(4-(4-amino-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (58) (iso mg, 0.330 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. This was then poured onto ice-water (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (375 mL). The combined organic extracts were sequentially washed with an aqueous solution of citric acid (1 M, 50 mL), a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (50 mL), water (50 mL) and brine (50 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (133 mg, 45%) as a yellow oil. The product was carried through to the next step without further purification.

(227) MS (ES+): m/z=896 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.25 min.

Example 60: 4-(4-(4-(6-(((6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]-pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)hexanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (60)

(228) ##STR00148##

(229) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-((6-((5-((4-(5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-6-oxohexyl)oxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (59) (200 mg, 0.340 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (3 ml) was added an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (1 M, 1.2 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (6 ml) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=1 with acetic acid. The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (240 mL). The combined organic extracts were then washed with brine (40 ml), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as a yellow oil (181 mg, 95%) which was used in the next step without further purification.

(230) MS (ES+): m/z=882 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.92 min.

Example 61: Allyl (6aS)-3-((6-((5-((4-(5-((4-aminophenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-6-oxohexyl)oxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12M-carboxylate (61)

(231) ##STR00149##

(232) A solution of 4-(4-(4-(6-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)hexanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (60) (123 mg, 0.14 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (2 mL) was charged with N-[(dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]Pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (54 mg, 0.14 mmol) and anhydrous triethylamine (117 L, 0.84 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for min. Benzene-1,4-diamine (15.1 mg, 0.14 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water containing a few drops of acetic acid (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 50%), to give the title compound (63 mg, 46%) as a yellow solid.

(233) MS (ES+): m/z=972 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.55 min

Example 62: Methyl 5-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate (62)

(234) ##STR00150##

(235) To a solution of Allyl (6aS)-3-((6-((5-((4-(5-((4-aminophenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-6-oxohexyl)oxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]-pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (61) (25 mg, 0.026 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 mL) was added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (2.5 mg, 5 mol %), triphenylphosphine (1.7 mg, 25 mol %) and pyrrolidine (21 L, 0.260 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was subjected to high vacuum for 30 min until excess pyrrolidine was thoroughly removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetate/hexane (from 0% to 100%) to give the title compound (6.8 mg, 33%) as a pale yellow solid.

(236) .sup.1H NMR (DMSO-d.sub.6, 400 MHz) 9.81-9.85 (m, 1H), 9.58 (s, 1H), 9.51 (s, 2H), 8.00 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 7.69-7.72 (m, 2H), 7.47-7.49 (m, 2H), 7.38-7.43 (m, 1H), 7.30-7.35 (m, 2H), 7.18-7.24 (m, 1H), 7.11-7.13 (m, 1H), 7.07 (s, 1H), 6.94-6.98 (m, 1H), 6.80 (br s, 1H), 6.63-6.72 (m, 2H), 6.52-6.54 (m, 1H), 3.95-4.14 (m, 3H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.65-3.69 (m, 1H), 3.17 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 2H), 2.28 (t, J=6.5 Hz, 2H), 1.72-1.78 (m, 4H), 1.62-1.68 (m, 4H), 1.42-1.48 (m, 3H) .sup.13C NMR (DMSO-d.sub.6, 100 MHz) 169.5, 166.3, 164.6, 159.5, 159.2, 150.3, 147.1, 144.8, 139.8, 137.0, 129.6, 128.2, 126.6, 124.6, 124.3, 122.7, 122.1, 121.8, 121.7, 120.5, 120.4, 118.7, 113.7, 111.3, 109.6, 109.3, 104.7, 68.1, 55.6, 36.3, 36.1, 35.5, 28.3, 25.2, 25.1, 23.7, 22.5, 17.7; MS (ES+): m/z=785 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=3.08 min.

Example 63: Allyl (6S,6aS)-2-methoxy-3-((6-((5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-6-oxohexyl)oxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]-diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (63)

(237) ##STR00151##

(238) A solution of 6-(((6S,6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)hexanoic acid (56) (109 mg, 0.190 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (3 mL) was charged with N-[(dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (76 mg, 0.20 mmol) and anhydrous triethylamine (115 L, 1.14 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for min. Methyl 4-amino-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (37 mg, 0.24 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water containing a few drops of acetic acid (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 30%), to give the title compound (82 mg, 62%) as a white solid.

(239) MS (ES+): m/z=697 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.98 min.

Example 64: 4-(6-(((6S,6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]-pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)hexanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (64)

(240) ##STR00152##

(241) To a solution of allyl (6S,6aS)-2-methoxy-3-((6-((5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-6-oxohexyl)oxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (63) (76 mg, 0.11 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (1 mL) was added an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (0.5 M, 1.0 mL, 0.50 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (20 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=1 with an aqueous solution of citric acid (1 M, 10 mL). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were then washed with brine (50 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (74 mg, 98%) as a cream solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(242) MS (ES+): m/z=683 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.68 min.

Example 65: Allyl (6S,6aS)-3-((6-((5-((4-aminophenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-6-oxohexyl)oxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]-pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (65)

(243) ##STR00153##

(244) A solution of 4-(6-(((6,5,6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)hexanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (64) (60 mg, 0.090 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane mL) was charged with N-[(dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (67.0 mg, 0.175 mmol) and anhydrous triethylamine (73 L, 0.52 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Benzene-1,4-diamine (10 mg, 0.10 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were then washed with water containing a few drops of acetic acid (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 30% to 50%+5% MeOH), to give the title compound (18 mg, 26%) as a brown solid.

(245) MS (ES+): m/z=773 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.27 min.

Example 66: (S)N-(4-Aminophenyl)-4-(6-((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)hexan-amido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (66)

(246) ##STR00154##

(247) To a solution of allyl (6S,6aS)-3-((6-((5-((4-aminophenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-6-oxohexyl)oxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (65) (18 mg, 0.020 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 mL) was added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (1.3 mg, 5 mol %) and pyrrolidine (2.3 L, 0.030 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min and then subjected to high vacuum for 30 min until excess pyrrolidine was thoroughly removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (11.6 mg, 86%) as an off-white solid.

(248) .sup.1H NMR (DMSO-d.sub.6, 400 MHz) 9.78 (s, 1H), 9.48 (s, 1H), 8.00 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.25 (s, 1H), 7.17 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 6.82 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 6.79 (s, 1H), 6.56 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 4.13 (dd, J=5.7, 3.4 Hz, 5H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 3.79 (s, 3H), 3.17 (s, 1H), 3.07-3.11 (m, 1H), 2.26 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.75 (dd, J=13.8, 7.0 Hz, 6H), 1.60-1.65 (m, 5H); MS (ES+): m/z=587 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=2.72 min, MS (ES+): m/z=587 (M+H).sup.+;

(249) LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=5.23 min.

Example 67: Allyl (6aS)-3-(4-((5-((4-(5-((2-aminoethyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (67)

(250) ##STR00155##

(251) A solution of 4-(4-(4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetra-hydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]-diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (39) (270 mg, 0.317 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (6 mL) was charged with N-[(dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (126 mg, 0.333 mmol) and anhydrous triethylamine (185 L, 1.33 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Ethane-1,2-diamine (379 mg, 6.33 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water containing a few drops of acetic acid (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ammonia in methanol (2 M)/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%), to give the title compound (180 mg, 63%) as a white solid.

(252) MS (ES+): m/z=896 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.12 min.

Example 68: (S)N-(2-Aminoethyl)-4-(4-(4-(4-((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9, 10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (68)

(253) ##STR00156##

(254) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-3-(4-((5-((4-(5-((2-aminoethyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]-pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (67) (22 mg, 0.025 mmol) in dichloromethane (4 mL) was added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (1.4 mg, 5 mol %) and pyrrolidine (3.0 L, 0.037 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h and then subjected to high vacuum for 30 min until excess pyrrolidine was thoroughly removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 20%), to give the title compound (11 mg, 62%) as a white solid.

(255) .sup.1H NMR (DMSO-d.sub.6, 400 MHz) 10.01 (s, 1H), 9.84 (s, 1H), 9.21 (br s, 2H), 8.41 (s, 1H), 8.01 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 7.70 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.44 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 7.38 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (s, 1H), 7.22 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 6.98 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 6.80 (s, 1H), 4.09-4.19 (m, 2H), 3.99-4.05 (m, 2H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 3.82 (m, 6H), 3.65-3.72 (m, 2H), 3.45-3.50 (m, 2H), 3.16 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 3H), 2.96 (t, J=5.8 Hz, 2H), 2.45 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 2.00-2.09 (m, 4H); (DMSO-d.sub.6, 100 MHz) 203.1, 168.8, 166.3, 164.7, 161.6, 159.6, 150.2, 147.1, 139.8, 137.0, 129.5, 125.9, 124.2, 122.0, 120.6, 120.4, 111.2, 109.8, 109.3, 98.8, 95.4, 85.9, 78.8, 71.0, 67.7, 55.6, 49.2, 48.5, 36.3, 31.8, 30.2, 24.7, 22.5, 17.7; MS (ES+): m/z=709 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=2.80 min, MS (ES+): m/z=709 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=5.38 min.

Example 69: Allyl (6aS)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-3-(4-methoxy-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (7)

(256) ##STR00157##

(257) To a solution of methyl (S)-4-(5-(((allyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-4-(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)butanoate (6) (930 mg, 2.00 mmol) in dichloromethane (45 mL) was added 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (32 mg, 0.20 mmol) and (diacetoxyiodo)benzene (773 mg, 2.40 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h, and was then sequentially washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium metabisulfite (20 mL), a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL), water (20 mL) and brine (20 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 5%), to give the title compound (825 mg, 89%) as a cream solid, mixture of diastereomers.

(258) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.12, (s, 1H), 6.63 (s, 1H), 5.87 (d, J=10.1 Hz, 1H), 5.81-5.65 (m, 1H), 5.08 (d, J=12.1 Hz, 2H), 4.62 (dd, J=13.3 Hz, 5.3 Hz, 1H), 4.41 (br. s., 1H), 4.31-4.21 (m, 1H), 4.08-3.95 (m, 3H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 3.62 (s, 3H), 3.45-3.38 (m, 1H), 3.01 (ddd, J=3.9, 10.3, 14.0 Hz, 1H), 2.48 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H), 2.13-2.05 (m, 3H), 1.77-1.57 (m, 6H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 173.4, 169.0, 150.0, 148.9, 131.8, 125.2, 117.9, 113.5, 117.9, 113.5, 110.6, 82.3, 67.9, 66.7, 56.0, 55.4, 51.6, 38.6, 30.6, 30.3, 30.3, 24.2, 23.1, 22.9, 18.1; MS (ES+): m/z=463 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.30 min.

Example 70: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-methoxy-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (8)

(259) ##STR00158##

(260) A mixture of allyl (6aS)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-3-(4-methoxy-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (7) (825 mg, 1.80 mmol), 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran (1.70 mL, 18.2 mmol) and p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (8.5 mg, 1% w/w) in ethyl acetate (12 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was then diluted with ethyl acetate (50 mL) and washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and brine (30 mL). The organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 2%), to give the title compound (820 mg, 84%) as a cream solid, mixture of diastereomers.

(261) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.50 (s, 0.6H), 7.02 (s, 0.4H), 6.74 (s, 0.4H), 6.48 (s, 0.6H), 6.07 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 0.6H), 5.9 (d, J=10.2 Hz, 0.4H), 5.70-5.62 (m, 1H), 5.01-4.92 (m, 3H), 4.55-4.20 (m, 2H), 4.18-4.13 (m, 1H), 3.96-3.91 (m, 3H), 3.78 (s, 3H), 3.55 (s, 3H), 3.40-3.34 (m, 2H), 3.00-2.91 (m, 1H), 2.24 (t, J=7.0 Hz, 2H), 2.05-2.02 (m, 2H), 1.67-1.43 (m, 12H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 173.2, 170.8, 169.2, 169.0, 149.3, 132.1, 131.9, 126.4, 126.0, 116.8, 114.4, 114.0, 110.6, 110.2, 100.0, 952.2, 87.9, 84.0, 67.8, 67.6, 66.3, 66.1, 63.8, 60.2, 55.9, 55.3, 51.4, 38.7, 30.9, 30.6, 30.2, 30.1, 25.2, 24.1, 23.1, 20.9, 20.8, 19.9, 19.6, 18.3, 18.1, 14.1 MS (ES+): m/z=547 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.70 min.

Example 71: 4-(((6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (9)

(262) ##STR00159##

(263) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-methoxy-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (8) (770 mg, 1.40 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) was added a 0.5 M aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (10.0 mL, 5.00 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (20 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=4 with an aqueous solution of acetic acid (5 M, 10 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with brine (50 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound (700 mg, 93%) as a yellow oil, mixture of diastereomers. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification (mixture of diastereomers).

(264) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, (CD.sub.3).sub.2SO) 12.15 (br. s., 1H), 7.03 (s, 0.6H), 7.01 (s, 0.4H), 6.86 (s, 0.6H), 6.78 (s, 0.4H), 6.01 (d, J=10.1, 0.6H), 5.92 (d, J=9.8, 0.4H), 5.83-5.69 (m, 1H), 5.11-4.96 (m, 3H), 4.64-4.36 (m, 2H), 4.16-4.02 (m, 1H), 400-3.92 (m, 2H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 3.79-3.70 (m, 2H), 3.54-3.46 (m, 1H), 2.89-2.83 (m, 1H), 2.36 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.96-1.89 (m, 2H), 1.71-1.41 (m, 12H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, (CD.sub.3).sub.2SO) 174.5, 174.4, 168.5, 168.5, 150.1, 149.1, 133.1, 127.6, 126.3, 114.5, 110.7, 109.1, 99.7, 84.4, 68.0, 67.9, 56.2, 52.9, 38.5, 30.6, 30.3, 30.02, 25.4, 25.3, 23.1, 23.0, 18.3; MS (ES+): m/z=533 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.98 min.

Example 72: Methyl 4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (70)

(265) ##STR00160##

(266) To a solution of methyl 4-bromo-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (1.0 g, 4.60 mmol) in acetonitrile (40 mL) and water (36 mL) tert-butyl (4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)carbamate (1.8 mg, 5.06 mmol), potassium carbonate (69) (1.7 g, 13.36 mmol), and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (280 mg, mol 5%) were added. The reaction mixture was purged with nitrogen for 5 min and the reaction was carried out in a microwave reactor at 100 C. for 6 min. The mixture was filtered through a celite pad. The pad was washed with ethyl acetate (500 mL) and the resulting organic solution was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 0% to 40%), to give the title compound (958 mg, 63%) as a white solid.

(267) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.37-7.42 (m, 2H), 7.32-7.36 (m, 2H), 7.16 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.56 (s, 1H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 1.52 (s, 9H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 161.7, 136.5, 129.4, 127.1, 125.9, 125.5, 123.6, 119.0, 115.6, 114.6, 60.4, 51.1, 36.9, 28.3; MS (ES+): m/z=330.9 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.22 min.

Example 73: Methyl 4-(4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (57)

(268) ##STR00161##

(269) To a solution of methyl 4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (70) (950 mg, 2.88 mmol) in dioxane and methanol (1:1) (8 mL) hydrochloric acid (4 M in 1,4-dioxane) (8 mL) was added drop wise. The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 h and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was added to a mixture of 4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (830 mg, 3.45 mmol), N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (1.05 g, 8.64 mmol) and N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (1.38 g, 7.20 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (15 mL) which was previously stirred for 30 min. The resulting solution was allowed to react at room temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and loaded with brine (150 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (260 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 30%), to give the title compound (860 mg, 66%) as a cream solid.

(270) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 8.01 (2, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.49-7.54 (m, 2H), 7.40-7.44 (m, 2H), 7.17 (d, J=2.0, 1H), 7.03 (d, J=1.8, 1H), 6.85 (s, 1H), 6.63 (s, 1H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.83 (s, 3H) 1.50 (s, 9H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 161.7, 159.5, 136.0, 130.4, 126.0, 125.5, 123.5, 123.5, 121.8, 120.3, 118.6, 114.6, 110.0, 103.7, 51.1, 36.9, 36.7, 28.4; MS (ES+): m/z=453.1 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.07 min.

Example 74: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((5-((4-(5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (23)

(271) ##STR00162##

(272) To a solution of methyl 4-(4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-(57) (440.0 mg, 0.97 mmol) in dioxane and methanol (1:1) (4 mL) hydrochloric acid (4 M in 1,4-dioxane) (4 mL) was added drop wise. The reaction mixture was stirred for 4 h and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was added to a mixture of 4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (9) (470.0 mg, 0.88 mmol), N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (322.0 mg, 2.64 mmol) and N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (421.7 mg, 2.20 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (7 mL) which was previously stirred for 30 min. The resulting solution was allowed to react at room temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (10 mL) and loaded with brine (90 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 30%), to give the title compound (boo mg, 78%) as an orange solid (mixture of diastereomers).

(273) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.42 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.22-7.10 (m, 4H), 7.04 (s, 2H), 6.76 (br. s., 1H), 6.02-5.87 (m, 1H), 5.74-5.68 (m, 1H), 5.38-5.25 (m, 1H), 5.11-5.05 (m, 1H), 4.38-4.26 (m, 1H), 4.11 (br. s., 2H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.88 (br. s., 5H), 3.82 (s, 6H), 3.78 (br. s., 2H), 3.62 (br. s., 3H), 2.48-2.39 (m, 2H), 2.12-2.03 (m, 2H), 1.75-1.50 (m, 12H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 184.1, 169.7, 169.7, 169.6, 169.2, 168.0, 161.6, 159.9, 136.5, 130.0, 127.8, 127.6, 126.0, 125.2, 123.5, 122.9, 122.8, 121.8, 121.6, 121.6, 120.7, 120.6, 117.6, 114.6, 104.0, 56.0, 55.9, 51.1, 51.1, 36.9, 36.7, 30.9, 30.7, 25.1, 23.2; MS (ES+): m/z=867.4 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.17 min.

Example 75: 4-(4-(4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (71)

(274) ##STR00163##

(275) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((5-((4-(5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (23) (boo mg, 0.69 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) was added an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (1 M, 10 mL, 10 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (100 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=4 with an aqueous solution of acetic acid (5 M, 20 mL). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (2100 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound (558 mg, 97%) as a cream solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification (mixture of diastereomers).

(276) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CD.sub.3OD) 7.58-7.54 (m, 2H), 7.46 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.24 (s, 1H), 7.18 (s, 2H), 7.13 (s, 1H), 6.88 (br. s., 2H), 6.17 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 1H), 5.78-5.74 (m, 1H), 4.66-4.38 (m, 3H), 4.26-4.12 (m, 1H), 4.06 (m, 3H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 3.84 (br. s., 4H), 3.67-3.49 (m, 2H), 3.44 (br. s., 1H), 3.11-2.96 (m, 1H), 2.51 (t, J=7.30 Hz, 2H), 2.15-2.12 (m, 2H), 1.72-1.48 (m, 12H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CD.sub.3OD) 175.6, 172.2, 171.4, 164.6, 162.2, 152.1, 150.9, 137.8, 133.5, 132.1, 129.2, 127.6, 126.1, 125.0, 124.7, 124.6, 123.4, 122.4, 117.6, 115.8, 115.6, 106.4, 85.5, 69.5, 67.7, 56.6, 40.2, 37.3, 37.0, 31.8, 26.5, 26.4, 24.0, 21.0, 20.6, 19.1; MS (ES+): m/z=853 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.83 min.

Example 76: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((1-methyl-5-((4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (72)

(277) ##STR00164##

(278) A solution of 4-(4-(4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (71) (50.0 mg, 0.06 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (4 mL) was charged with N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (34.5 mg, 0.18 mmol) and N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (28.7 mg, 0.15 mmol) and it was stirred for 30 min at room temperature. To the reaction mixture, aniline (6.9 g, 0.07 mmol) was then added and the solution was stirred for further 18 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (10 mL) and loaded with brine (40 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (230 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 40%), to give the title compound (43.0 mg, 77%) as a cream solid, (mixture of diastereomers).

(279) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CD.sub.3OD) 7.66 (dd, J=8.7, 1.1 Hz, 2H), 7.61-7.57 (m, 2H), 7.55-7.52 (m, 2H), 7.37-7.32 (m, 3H), 7.27 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.19 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (s, 1H), 7.14-7.09 (m, 1H), 6.93-6.84 (m, 2H), 6.21 (d, J=10.1 Hz, 1H), 6.01-5.71 (m, 1H), 5.17-4.97 (m, 2H), 4.64-4.45 (m, 2H), 4.24-4.04 (m, 3H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 3.87 (br. s., 5H), 3.64-3.41 (m, 3H), 3.13-3.01 (m, 1H), 2.54 (t, J=6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.19-2.15 (m, 2H), 1.83-1.48 (m, 12H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CD.sub.3OD) 162.5, 162.2, 151.0, 140.0, 137.7, 133.5, 132.2, 129.8, 127.7, 126.8, 126.1, 125.0, 124.7, 124.6, 123.3, 122.4, 122.1, 115.7, 111.9, 106.4, 101.3, 85.6, 69.6, 69.5, 64.2, 63.2, 56.7, 40.2, 37.2, 37.0, 36.9, 31.8, 31.7, 30.7, 29.6, 26.6, 26.5, 24.2, 24.0, 20.6, 20.5, 19.1;

(280) MS (ES+): m/z=928 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.33 min.

Example 77: (S)-4-(4-((2-Methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-N-(4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (73)

(281) ##STR00165##

(282) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((1-methyl-5-((4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (72) (43 mg, 0.05 mmol) in dichloromethane (2 mL) was sequentially added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (3 mg, 5 mol %), and pyrrolidine (5 L, 0.06 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture concentrated in vacuo and subjected to high vacuum for 40 min until excess pyrrolidine was removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%) to give the title compound (11.0 mg, 30%) as a cream solid.

(283) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, (CD.sub.3).sub.2CO) 9.20 (s, 1H), 9.12 (s, 1H), 9.10 (s, 1H), 7.98 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 1H), 7.80 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.75 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.49 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.36-7.30 (m, 5H), 7.22 (s, 1H), 7.10-7.04 (m, 1H), 6.92 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (s, 1H), 4.20-4.04 (m, 2H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 3.81-3.70 (m, 2H), 3.23-3.10 (1H), 2.52 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.20-2.12 (m, 3H), 2.02-1.90 (m, 1H), 1.88-1.56 (m, 4H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, (CD.sub.3).sub.2CO) 159.8, 159.7, 139.6, 131.8, 137.5, 130.0, 128.5, 126.6, 125.1, 124.7, 123.2, 123.1, 122.7, 120.2, 119.7, 118.8, 111.8, 109.9, 104.2, 68.0, 56.8, 55.4, 49.6, 39.1, 36.1, 35.8, 32.2, 28.4, 25.0, 24.1, 22.9, 18.2, 18.0; MS (ES+): m/z=742 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.78 min. HRMS (EI, m/z): calculated for C.sub.42H.sub.43N.sub.7O.sub.6 (M+1).sup.+ 742.3348, observed 742.3328.

Example 78: Allyl (6aS)-3-(4-((5-((4-(5-((4-aminophenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (74)

(284) ##STR00166##

(285) A solution of 4-(4-(4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (71) (340.0 mg, 0.40 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (6 mL) was charged with N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (146.0 mg, 1.19 mmol) and N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (190.7 mg, 0.99 mmol) and it was stirred for 30 min at room temperature. To the reaction mixture, p-phenylenediamine (52 mg, 0.48 mmol) was then added and the solution was stirred for further 18 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and loaded with brine (70 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%), to give the title compound (320 mg, 85%) as a cream solid, (mixture of diastereomers).

(286) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, (CD.sub.3).sub.2SO) 9.93 (s, 1H), 9.80 (s, 1H), 9.50 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.48 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.40 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.36-7.28 (m, 3H), 7.23 (s, 1H), 7.06 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 6.95 (br. s., 1H), 6.92 (br. s., 0.4H), 6.80 (s, 0.6H), 6.53 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 6.03 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 0.6H), 5.94 (d, J=10.0 Hz, 0.4H), 5.84-5.67 (m, 1H), 5.05 (br. s., 2H), 4.67-4.37 (m, 2H), 4.16-3.93 (m, 3H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 3.85-3.80 (m, 6H), 3.79-3.73 (m, 1H), 3.57-3.45 (m, 1H), 2.98-2.83 (m, 1H), 2.44 (t, J=6.7 Hz, 2H), 2.10-1.98 (m, 2H), 1.78-1.32 (m, 12H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, (CD.sub.3).sub.2SO) 169.3, 169.2, 168.6, 168.5, 160.0 159.7, 149.1, 145.3, 137.5, 133.2, 130.1, 128.7, 127.6, 127.1, 125.1, 124.8, 123.2, 122.5, 122.3, 122.2, 120.9, 119.2, 116.9, 114.5, 114.2, 110.1, 105.1, 68.5, 66.0, 63.2, 56.2, 55.3, 38.7, 38.6, 36.8, 32.2, 32.1, 30.6, 25.4, 23.1, 18.3; MS (ES+): m/z=943 (M+H).sup.+, 941 (MH).sup.; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.43 min.

Example 79: (S)N-(4-aminophenyl)-4-(4-(4-(4-((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (41)

(287) ##STR00167##

(288) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-3-(4-((5-((4-(5-((4-aminophenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (74) (250 mg, 0.265 mmol) in dichloromethane (3 mL) was sequentially added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (15 mg, 5 mol %), and pyrrolidine (26 mL, 0.32 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture concentrated in vacuo and subjected to high vacuum for 40 min until excess pyrrolidine was removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%) to give the title compound (118 mg, 59%) as a cream solid.

(289) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, (CD.sub.3) 2SO) 9.88-9.96 (m, 1H), 9.81 (s, 2H), 9.50 (s, 1H), 8.32 (br s, 2H), 8.00 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 7.67-7.73 (m, 2H), 7.48 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.39 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.31-7.35 (m, 2H), 7.30 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (s, 1H), 7.22 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 6.96 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 6.80 (s, 1H), 6.51-6.55 (m, 2H), 4.09-4.17 (m, 1H), 3.99-4.05 (m, 1H), 3.90-3.97 (m, 1H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 3.68-3.72 (m, 1H), 3.05-3.16 (m, 2H), 2.44 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.02-2.07 (m, 2H), 1.81-1.91 (m, 1H), 1.68-1.78 (m, 2H), 1.56 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 2H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, (CD.sub.3) 2SO) 168.8, 166.3, 164.7, 159.5, 159.2, 150.2, 147.1, 144.7, 139.8, 137.0, 129.6, 128.2, 126.1, 124.6, 124.3, 122.0, 121.8, 120.4, 120.2, 118.8, 113.7, 111.3, 109.6, 104.7, 67.7, 67.2, 55.6, 51.1, 49.2, 38.5, 36.2, 36.1, 35.4, 31.8, 30.2, 24.7, 23.7, 22.5, 17.7; MS (ES+): m/z=757 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=5.80 min.

Example 80: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((1-methyl-5-((4-(1-methyl-5-(p-tolylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (75)

(290) ##STR00168##

(291) A solution of 4-(4-(4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-acid (71) (50.0 mg, 0.06 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (4 mL) was charged with N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (34.5 mg, 0.18 mmol) and N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (28.7 mg, 0.15 mmol) and it was stirred for 30 min at room temperature. To the reaction mixture, p-toluidine (7.7 mg, 0.07 mmol) was then added and the solution was stirred for further 18 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (10 mL) and washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride (40 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (230 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 40%), to give the title compound (40 mg, 71%) as a cream solid, (mixture of diastereomers).

(292) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CD.sub.3OD) 7.62-7.57 (m, 2H), 7.56-7.52 (m, 3H), 7.52-7.50 (m, 1H), 7.30 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.21-7.19 (m, 1H), 7.18-7.15 (m, 3H), 6.93-6.85 (m, 2H), 6.21 (d, J=10.1 Hz, 0.7H), 5.99 (d, J=10.6 Hz, 0.3H), 5.75 (br. s., 1H), 5.09 (br. s., 2H), 4.64-4.48 (m, 2H), 4.23-4.03 (m, 3H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.89-3.79 (m, 5H), 3.63-3.44 (m, 2H), 3.14-3.03 (m, 1H), 2.54 (t, J=6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 2.14-2.02 (m, 2H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CD.sub.3OD) 1.84-1.48 (m, 12H); 162.4, 151.0, 137.7, 137.3, 134.8, 133.5, 132.3, 130.2, 127.8, 126.7, 126.1, 124.7, 124.6, 122.4, 122.2, 115.7, 111.7, 106.4, 69.6, 56.7, 54.8, 40.2, 37.1, 36.9, 31.8, 31.66, 30.7, 29.6, 26.5, 24.2, 24.0, 21.0, 20.6, 20.5, 19.1; MS (ES+): m/z=943 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=4.32 min.

Example 81: (S)-4-(4-((2-Methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-N-(4-(1-methyl-5-(p-tolylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (76)

(293) ##STR00169##

(294) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((1-methyl-5-((4-(1-methyl-5-(p-tolylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (75) (60 mg, 0.07 mmol) in dichloromethane (2 mL) was sequentially added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (4 mg, 5 mol %), and pyrrolidine (6.8 mL, 0.08 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture concentrated in vacuo and subjected to high vacuum for 40 min until excess pyrrolidine was removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 40%) to give the title compound (30 mg, 57%) as a cream solid.

(295) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 8.29 (s, 2H), 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.86 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.44 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.39 (s, 1H), 7.28 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.13-7.07 (m, 3H), 6.96 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 2H), 6.74 (s, 1H), 6.48 (s, 1H), 3.98 (t, J=5.9 Hz, 2H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 3.80 (d, J=4.7 Hz, 6H), 3.76-3.66 (m, 2H), 3.23-3.10 (m, 1H), 2.47-2.38 (m, 2H), 2.29 (s, 3H), 2.18-2.10 (m, 2H), 2.09-197 (m, 2H), 1.95-1.58 (m, 4H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 170.1, 167.6, 163.5, 160.0, 159.9, 150.7, 147.9, 140.3, 139.9, 136.1, 135.6, 133.5, 130.3, 129.4, 126.6, 125.2, 125.0, 123.1, 121.6, 121.2, 120.8, 120.3, 119.9, 110.1, 109.5, 68.1, 61.1, 56.0, 50.7, 49.7, 39.8, 36.9, 36.6, 24.9, 24.4, 22.9, 20.9, 18.3; MS (ES+): m/z=756 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=3.83 min. HRMS (EI, m/z): calculated for C.sub.43H.sub.45N.sub.7O.sub.6 (M+1).sup.+ 756.3504, observed 756.3489.

Example 82: 4-(4-((tert-Butoxycarbonyl)amino)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (77)

(296) ##STR00170##

(297) To a solution of methyl 4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (70) (800 mg, 2.42 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (15 mL) was added an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide M, 15 mL, 10 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (100 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=4 with an aqueous solution of acetic acid (5 M, 25 mL). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (2100 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound (700 mg, 91%) as a white solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(298) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CD.sub.3OD) 7.45-7.42 (m, 2H), 7.38-7.34 (m, 2H), 7.25 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.19 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 1.52 (s, 9H); .sup.13C NMR (ism MHz, CD.sub.3OD) 172.1, 164.5, 155.5, 138.3, 136.6, 130.8, 129.8, 127.8, 126.3, 124.9, 124.4, 120.4, 116.3, 116.1, 81.1, 61.8, 37.4, 28.8; MS (ES+): m/z=315 (MH).sup.; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=3.68 min.

Example 83: Methyl 4-(4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzoate (78)

(299) ##STR00171##

(300) A solution of 4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (77) (250.0 mg, 0.79 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (6 mL) was charged with N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (291.0 mg, 2.38 mmol) and N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (380.5 mg, 1.98 mmol) and it was stirred for 30 min at room temperature. To the reaction mixture, methyl 4-aminobenzoate (132.0 mg, 0.87 mmol) was then added and the solution was stirred for further 18 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and loaded with brine (80 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (260 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/dichloromethane (from 0% to 40%), to give the title compound (61 mg, 17%) as a brown solid.

(301) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.96 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.81 (s, 1H), 7.61 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.35-7.31 (m, 2H), 7.30-7.26 (m, 2H), 6.97 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 6.46 (s, 1H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 1.46 (s, 9H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 166.7, 159.6, 142.4, 136.6, 130.9, 129.2, 126.0, 125.8, 125.6, 123.6, 119.0, 118.8, 109.7, 52.0, 37.1, 29.7, 28.4; MS (ES+): m/z=450 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=4.32 min.

Example 84: Methyl 4-(4-(4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzoate (79)

(302) ##STR00172##

(303) To a solution of methyl 4-(4-(4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzoate (78) (77.0 mg, 0.17 mmol) in dioxane and methanol (1:1) (6 mL) hydrochloric acid (4 M in 1,4-dioxane) (6 mL) was added drop wise. The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 h and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was added to a mixture of 4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (45.0 mg, 0.19 mmol), N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (63.0 mg, 0.52 mmol) and N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (82.4 mg, 0.43 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (4 mL) which was previously stirred for 30 min. The resulting solution was allowed to react at room temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (5 mL) and washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride (80 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (230 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 30%), to give the title compound (89.0 mg, %) as a brown solid.

(304) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 8.38 (s, 1H), 7.94-7.91 (m, 3H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.66 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.40 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.27 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H), 6.96 (s, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 6.77 (br. s., 1H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 3.79 (s, 3H), 1.43 (s, 9H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 166.8, 162.6, 160.1, 159.9, 159.7, 142.8, 136.1, 130.8, 130.2, 126.1, 125.7, 125.4, 125.0, 123.4, 123.3, 121.9, 120.6, 119.0, 110.3, 104.2, 61.7, 52.0, 37.1, 36.7, 36.5, 31.5, 28.4; MS (ES+): m/z=572 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=4.17 min.

Example 85: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((5-((4-(5-((4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (80)

(305) ##STR00173##

(306) To a solution of methyl 4-(4-(4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzoate (79) (93.0 mg, 0.16 mmol) in dioxane and methanol (1:1) (3 mL) hydrochloric acid (4 M in 1,4-dioxane) (3 mL) was added drop wise. The reaction mixture was stirred for 4 h and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was added to a mixture of 4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (9) (71.0 mg, 0.13 mmol), N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (47.6 mg, 0.39 mmol) and N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (61.3 mg, 0.32 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (4 mL) which was previously stirred for 30 min. The resulting solution was allowed to react at room temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (5 mL) and washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride (70 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (260 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 30%), to give the title compound (80.0 mg, 62%) as an orange solid (mixture of diastereomers).

(307) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CD.sub.3OD) 7.91-7.86 (m, 4H), 7.75-7.69 (m, 2H), 7.53-7.47 (m, 2H), 7.46-7.41 (m, 2H), 7.27 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (s, 1H), 6.84-6.73 (m, 2H), 6.09 (d, J=10.3 Hz, 1H), 5.79-5.59 (m, 1H), 4.96 (br. s., 2H), 4.43-4.36 (m, 2H), 4.08-4.03 (m, 1H), 4.03-3.03 (m, 3H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.81-3.70 (m, 11H), 3.66-3.58 (m, 1H), 3.02-2.94 (m, 1H), 2.48-2.41 (m, 2H) 2.10-2.04 (m, 2H), 1.69-1.42 (m, 12H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CD.sub.3OD) 177.5, 168.3, 145.1, 141.6, 137.8, 132.1, 131.5, 127.4, 127.3, 126.1, 125.9, 124.7, 124.6, 123.2, 122.4, 120.6, 112.4, 112.2, 111.3, 70.6, 69.5, 67.0, 63.1, 56.6, 56.1, 54.8, 52.5, 43.7, 37.3, 37.0, 36.9, 34.6, 31.7, 29.5, 26.6, 24.1, 20.5, 19.2; MS (ES+): m/z=986 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=4.28 min.

Example 86: Methyl (S)-4-(4-(4-(4-(4-((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)benzoate (81)

(308) ##STR00174##

(309) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((5-((4-(5-((4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (80) (80 mg, 0.08 mmol) in dichloromethane (3 mL) was sequentially added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (4.7 mg, 5 mol %), and pyrrolidine (5.6 mL, 0.07 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture concentrated in vacuo and subjected to high vacuum for 40 min until excess pyrrolidine was removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 40%) to give the title compound (14 mg, 22%) as a cream solid.

(310) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 8.71 (s, 1H), 8.21 (s, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.98 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.86 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.43 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.39 (s, 1H), 7.24 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.09 (s, 1H), 7.02 (s, 1H), 6.98 (s, 1H), 6.73 (s, 1H), 6.48 (s, 1H), 3.99 (t, J=5.5 Hz, 2H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.79 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 6H), 3.77-3.66 (m, 2H), 3.23-3.11 (m, 1H), 2.45 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 2H), 2.19-2.10 (m, 2H), 2.06-1.70 (m, 6H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 174.7, 170.2, 1668, 161.6, 160.0, 157.5, 154.2, 147.9, 146.1, 142.9, 139.9, 136.1, 132.2, 130.7, 126.1, 125.6, 125.6, 125.2, 124.9, 123.2, 120.9, 120.1, 119.1, 87.6, 81.4, 62.6, 56.0, 52.0, 39.8, 37.1, 36.6, 31.2, 24.4, 23.0, 18.3; MS (ES+): m/z=800 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=3.78 min. HRMS (EI, m/z): calculated for C.sub.44H.sub.45N.sub.7O.sub.8 (M+1).sup.+ 800.3402, observed 800.3387.

Example 87: 4-Bromo-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylic acid (83)

(311) ##STR00175##

(312) To a solution of methyl 4-bromo-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate (200 mg, 0.91 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (8 mL) was added an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (1 M, 8 mL, 10 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (80 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=4 with an aqueous solution of acetic acid (5 M, 15 mL). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (260 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound (190 mg, 93%) as a yellow solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(313) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 10.90 (br. S., 1H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 3.66 (s, 3H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 175.7, 154.4, 137.6, 125.3, 34.1; MS (ES+): m/z=207 (M+H).sup.+, 205 (MH); LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=1.80 min.

Example 88: 4-Bromo-1-methyl-N-phenyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamide (84)

(314) ##STR00176##

(315) To a solution of 4-bromo-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylic acid (83) (190.0 mg, 0.92 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (3 mL) was charged with N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (338.0 mg, 2.77 mmol) and N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (442.0 mg, 2.30 mmol) and it was stirred for 30 min at room temperature. To the reaction mixture, aniline (90.2 mg, 1.01 mmol) was then added and the solution was stirred for further 20 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (10 mL) and washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride (40 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (230 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (from 0% to 40%), to give the title compound (60 mg, 23%) as a cream solid.

(316) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 9.05 (br. s., 1H), 7.63 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.35 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.13 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.98 (s, 1H), 4.08 (s, 3H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 155.8, 138.6, 137.2, 129.1, 125.3, 124.5, 119.8, 36.1; MS (ES+): m/z=280 (M+H).sup.+, 205 (MH).sup.; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.97 min.

Example 89: tert-Butyl (4-(1-methyl-2-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)phenyl)carbamate (85)

(317) ##STR00177##

(318) To a solution of 4-bromo-1-methyl-N-phenyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamide (84) (60.0 mg, 0.21 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (3 mL) and water (2 mL) tert-butyl (4-(dihydroxyamino)phenyl)carbamate (96.0 mg, 0.30 mmol), caesium carbonate (209 mg, 0.64 mmol), and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (13 mg, mol 5%) were added. The reaction mixture was purged with nitrogen for 5 min and the reaction was carried out in a microwave reactor at 100 C. for 2 h. The mixture was filtered through a celite pad. The pad was washed with ethyl acetate (100 mL) and the resulting organic solution was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 0% to 50%), to give the title compound (40 mg, 47%) as a cream solid.

(319) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 9.33 (br. s., 1H), 7.74-7.66 (m, 4H), 7.44-7.33 (m, 4H), 7.22 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.16-7.11 (m, 1H), 6.61 (s, 1H), 4.10 (s, 3H), 1.53 (s, 9H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 157.2, 140.1, 138.6, 137.7, 137.6, 129.0, 125.7, 124.2, 121.4, 119.7, 119.6, 118.6, 80.6, 35.9, 28.3; MS (ES+): m/z=393 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.40 min

Example 90: tert-Butyl (1-methyl-5-((4-(1-methyl-2-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)carbamate (86)

(320) ##STR00178##

(321) To a solution of tert-butyl (4-(1-methyl-2-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)phenyl)carbamate (85) (40.0 mg, 0.10 mmol) in dioxane and methanol (1:1) (2 mL) hydrochloric acid (4 M in 1,4-dioxane) (2 mL) was added drop wise. The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 h and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was added to a mixture of 4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (30.0 mg, 0.12 mmol), N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (38.0 mg, 0.31 mmol) and N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (49.0 mg, 0.25 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (3 mL) which was previously stirred for 30 min. The resulting solution was allowed to react at room temperature over 20 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (10 mL) and washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride (50 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (240 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 30%), to give the title compound (43 mg, 82%) as a cream solid.

(322) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 9.34 (s, 1H), 7.75-7.67 (m, 4H), 7.58 (d, J=8.2 HZ, 2H), 7.38-7.33 (m, 2H), 7.21 (s, 1H), 7.13 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.06 (br. 6.85 (br. s., 1H), 6.64 (br. s., 1H), 6.45 (br. s., 1H), 4.09 (s, 3H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 1.50 (s, 9H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 159.5, 157.0, 140.0, 137.6, 137.4, 129.0, 125.6, 124.3, 123.4, 121.9, 121.6, 120.1, 119.9, 119.8, 118.8, 110.4, 104.0, 36.7, 35.9, 28.4, 28.3; MS (ES+): m/z=515 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.33 min.

Example 91: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((1-methyl-5-((4-(1-methyl-2-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (87)

(323) ##STR00179##

(324) To a solution of tert-butyl (1-methyl-5-((4-(1-methyl-2-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)carbamate (86) (41.5 mg, 0.10 mmol) in dioxane and methanol (1:1) (2 mL) hydrochloric acid (4 M in 1,4-dioxane) (2 mL) was added drop wise. The reaction mixture was stirred for 4 h and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was added to a mixture of 4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (9) (64.0 mg, 0.12 mmol), N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (37.0 mg, 0.3 mmol) and N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (48.0 mg, 0.25 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (3 mL) which was previously stirred for 30 min. The resulting solution was left to react at room temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (3 mL) and washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride (40 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (230 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 40%), to give the title compound (33 mg, 78%) as a brown viscous oil.

(325) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 9.34 (s, 1H), 7.73 (d, J=6.2 Hz, 3H), 7.68 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.36 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.25 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.19-7.08 (m, 3H), 6.78 (br. s., 1H), 6.18 (br. s., 1H), 6.02-5.75 (m, 1H), 5.11-5.01 (m, 2H), 4.67-4.29 (m, 2H), 4.11 (s, 4H), 3.89-3.77 (m, 9H), 3.6.2 (br. s., 3H), 3.12-3.05 (m, 1H), 2.52-2.37 (m, 2H), 2.19-2.14 (m, 2H), 1.76-1.46 (m, 12H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 188.2, 157.0, 148.3, 147.2, 138.8, 138.7, 138.6, 137.6, 135.1, 134.4, 132.0, 131.8, 129.2, 129.0, 127.6, 125.4, 124.2, 122.3, 121.6, 121.4, 120.4, 119.8, 118.3, 115.2, 110.9, 107.9, 99.9, 89.8 84.2, 68.8, 56.1, 54.2, 53.8, 53.4, 50.4, 42.6, 39.0, 36.8, 35.9, 31.0, 30.6, 29.2, 25.2, 22.9, 19.6, 18.1; MS (ES+): m/z=930 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.42 min

Example 92: (S)-4-(4-(4-(4-((2-Methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-N-phenyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamide (88)

(326) ##STR00180##

(327) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((1-methyl-5-((4-(1-methyl-2-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (87) (30.0 mg, 0.03 mmol) in dichloromethane (2 mL) was sequentially added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (1.9 mg, 5 mol %), and pyrrolidine (3.5 mL, 0.04 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for min. The reaction mixture concentrated in vacuo and subjected to high vacuum for 40 min until excess pyrrolidine was removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%) to give the title compound (12 mg, 50%) as a cream solid.

(328) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 9.34 (s, 1H), 8.04 (s, 1H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 7.89 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.76-7.71 (m, 2H), 7.68 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.66-7.61 (m, 2H), 7.43 (s, 1H), 7.36 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.22 (s, 1H), 7.16-7.09 (m, 2H), 6.79 (s, 1H), 6.52 (s, 1H), 4.13-4.07 (m, 5H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 3.80-3.69 (m, 2H), 3.26-3.15 (m, 1H), 2.50 (t, J=6.83 Hz, 2H), 2.21 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 2.10-2.02 (m, 6H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 169.9, 167.6, 163.5, 159.7, 157.0, 150.7, 148.0, 140.0, 139.9, 138.6, 137.6, 137.6, 129.0, 128.8, 125.5, 124.3, 123.2, 121.6, 121.5, 121.4, 120.3, 119.9, 119.8, 111.8, 110.4, 104.1, 68.1, 56.1, 49.7, 39.8, 36.7, 35.9, 33.0, 29.3, 24.5, 22.9, 18.3; MS (ES+): m/z=743 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.75 min.

Example 93: Methyl 4-(4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (89)

(329) ##STR00181##

(330) To a solution of methyl 4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (70) (700 mg, 2.12 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane and methanol (1:1) (8 mL) hydrochloric acid (4 M in 1,4-dioxane) (8 mL) was added drop wise. The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 h and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was added to a mixture of 4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylic acid (613.1 mg, 2.54 mmol), N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (777.0 mg, 6.36 mmol) and N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (1.02 g, 5.30 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (8 mL) which was previously stirred for 30 min. The resulting solution was allowed to react at room temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride (130 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (260 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 30%), to give the title compound (580 mg, 60%) as a brown solid.

(331) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 8.99 (br. s., 1H), 7.90 (br. s., 1H), 7.55 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.38 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.17 (br. s., 1H), 7.14 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 6.99 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 4.01 (s, 3H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 1.44 (br. s., 9H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 171.1, 161.6, 156.4, 136.8, 135.6, 130.5, 126.0, 125.4, 123.5, 123.0, 120.0, 114.6, 112.7, 80.8, 51.1, 36.9, 35.8, 28.2; MS (ES+): m/z=454 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.28 min.

Example 94: Allyl (6aS)-2-m ethoxy-3-(4-((2-((4-(5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (90)

(332) ##STR00182##

(333) To a solution of methyl 4-(4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (89) (77.0 mg, 0.17 mmol) in dioxane and methanol (1:1) (2 mL) hydrochloric acid (4 M in 1,4-dioxane) (2 mL) was added drop wise. The reaction mixture was stirred for 4 h and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was added to a mixture of 4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (9) (75.5 mg, 0.14 mmol), N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (52.0 mg, 0.42 mmol) and N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (67.6 mg, 0.35 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (4 mL) which was previously stirred for 30 min. The resulting solution was allowed to react at room temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (5 mL) and loaded with brine (50 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (230 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 30%), to give the title compound (97.4 mg, 66%) as a yellow oil (mixture of diastereomers).

(334) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 9.01-8.93 (m, 1H), 8.11-7.99 (m, 1H), 7.62-7.58 (m, 2H), 7.45 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.42 (s, 1H), 7.20-7.16 (m, 2H), 7.06 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 6.60 (s, 1H), 6.18 (d, J=10.5 Hz, 0.7H), 6.00 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 0.3H), 5.82-5.63 (m, 1H), 5.12-4.98 (m, 2H), 4.68-4.43 (m, 2H), 4.33-4.09 (m, 4H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 3.85-3.82 (m, 4H), 3.66-3.54 (m, 1H), 3.51-3.42 (m, 1H), 3.14-3.00 (m, 1H), 2.59 (t, J=7.0 Hz, 2H), 2.28-2.19 (m, 2H), 1.78-1.5 (m, 12H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 180.4, 162.9, 161.6, 156.5, 149.4, 135.6, 132.0, 130.7, 126.0, 125.6, 123.5, 123.1, 120.0, 114.6, 112.5, 101.6, 97.4, 84.2, 76.7, 68.0, 64.2, 56.1, 55.5, 51.1, 38.8, 36.9, 35.8, 30.7, 25.2, 23.2, 22.9, 19.6, 18.1, 14.2; MS (ES+): m/z=868 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.05 min.

Example 95: 4-(4-(4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (91)

(335) ##STR00183##

(336) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((2-((4-(5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (90) (158.0 mg, 0.18 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (6 mL) was added an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (1 M, 6 mL, 6 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (60 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=4 with an aqueous solution of acetic acid (5 M, 5 mL). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (240 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound (loom mg, 64%) as a cream solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification (mixture of diastereomers).

(337) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, (CD.sub.3).sub.2CO) 7.66 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.58 (br. s., 1H), 7.53-7.48 (m, 2H), 7.37 (s, 1H), 7.21 (s, 1H), 7.11 (s, 1H), 6.95 (s, 1H), 6.19 (d, J=10.1 Hz, 0.7H), 6.03 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 0.3H), 5.80 (br. s., 5.15-5.03 (m, 2H), 4.65-4.43 (m, 2H), 4.26-4.08 (m, 4H), 4.02-3.90 (m, 6H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 3.62-3.51 (m, 2H), 3.42 (br. s., 1H), 3.02-2.95 (m, 1H), 2.66-2.53 (m, 2H), 2.22 (m, 2H), 1.74-1.45 (m, 12H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, (CD.sub.3).sub.2CO) 161.5, 154.9, 149.4, 132.7, 126.5, 126.3, 125.8, 125.1, 124.9, 119.8, 119.5, 116.3, 114.5, 114.2, 110.6, 104.2, 68.2, 65.8, 64.9, 55.4, 55.2, 38.4, 36.1, 34.9, 30.6, 26.9, 25.3, 24.5, 23.0, 19.4, 18.2; MS (ES+): m/z=854 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.97 min.

Example 96: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((1-methyl-2-((4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (92)

(338) ##STR00184##

(339) A solution of 4-(4-(4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (91) (70.0 mg, 0.08 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (4 mL) was charged with N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (30.0 mg, 0.25 mmol) and N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (39.0 mg, 0.20 mmol) and it was stirred for 30 min at room temperature. To the reaction mixture, aniline (8.8 mg, 0.10 mmol) was then added and the solution was stirred for further 18 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (10 mL) and loaded with brine (40 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (230 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 40%), to give the title compound (52 mg, 69%) as a yellow oil (mixture of diastereomers).

(340) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.63-7.60 (m, 2H), 7.43-7.37 (m, 2H), 7.33 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.25-7.22 (m, 2H), 7.18-7.14 (m, 3H), 7.13-7.07 (m, 1H), 7.01 (d, J=6.2 Hz, 1H), 6.61 (br. S., 1H), 6.19 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 07H), 6.07-5.96 (m, 0.3H), 5.74 (br. S., 1H), 5.12-5.01 (m, 2H), 4.66-4.47 (m, 2H), 4.31-4.22 (m, 1H), 4.15-4.05 (m, 2H), 4.02 (s, 3H), 3.99 (s, 3H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.82 (br. S., 1H), 3.68-3.58 (m, 1H), 3.50-3.44 (m, 2H), 3.15-3.02 (m, 1H), 2.65-2.50 (m, 2H), 2.28-2.13 (m, 2H), 1.75-1.49 (m, 12H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 183.0, 181.8, 169.6, 162.5, 159.9, 148.3, 138.2, 137.8, 135.8, 132.8, 132.0, 129.7, 129.0, 128.9, 128.0, 126.6, 125.4, 125.3, 125.2, 124.0, 123.5, 120.2, 120.0, 114.5, 111.8, 111.7, 110.7, 109.5, 103.9, 97.1, 81.7, 69.8, 56.0, 52.0, 38.9, 37.0, 36.5, 31.4, 30.7, 27.5, 25.2, 22.9, 21.4, 19.7, 18.1; MS (ES+): m/z=929 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.33 min.

Example 97: (S)-4-(4-((2-Methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-N-(4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamide (93)

(341) ##STR00185##

(342) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((1-methyl-2-((4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (92) (50.0 mg, 0.05 mmol) in dichloromethane (3 mL) was sequentially added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (30.1 mg, 5 mol %), and pyrrolidine (4.5 L, 0.06 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for min. The reaction mixture concentrated in vacuo and subjected to high vacuum for 40 min until excess pyrrolidine was removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%) to give the title compound (25 mg, 62%) as a cream solid.

(343) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, (CD.sub.3).sub.2SO) 10.40 (s, 1H), 9.82 (s, 2H), 7.89 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J=3.9 Hz, 2H), 7.71 (d, J=2.7 Hz, 2H), 7.54-7.48 (m, 3H), 7.46 (s, 1H), 7.39 (s, 1H), 7.31 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.25 (s, 1H), 7.07-7.00 (m, 1H), 6.78 (s, 1H), 4.13-3.99 (m, 2H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 3.68-3.65 (m, 2H), 3.10-3.06 (m, 1H), 2.51 (br. S., 2H), 2.08-1.97 (m, 3H), 1.88-1.50 (m, 5H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, (CD.sub.3).sub.2SO) 167.3, 165.1, 157.2, 153.9, 151.6, 147.6, 140.1, 139.8, 136.6, 136.5, 134.7, 134.2, 130.7, 129.0, 126.7, 126.0, 125.1, 123.5, 122.2, 120.7, 120.4, 115.0, 111.0, 90.7, 86.9, 79.2, 72.6, 56.3, 49.0, 40.6, 40.4, 40.2, 40.0, 39.8, 39.5, 39.3, 36.9, 36.7, 35.7, 35.5, 31.9, 25.0; MS (ES+): m/z=743 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.78 min. HRMS (EI, m/z): calculated for C.sub.41H.sub.42N.sub.8O.sub.6(M+1).sup.+ 743.3300, observed 743.3291.

Example 98: 4-(Benzyloxy)-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (95)

(344) ##STR00186##

(345) A mixture of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (94) (200.00 g, 1.31 mol), benzyl bromide (236.07 g, 1.38 mol) and K.sub.2CO.sub.3 (545.02 g, 3.94 mol) in methanol (1.2 L) was refluxed for 5 h. The reaction mixture was filtered and the filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure to give the title compound (271.00 g, 85%) as a light yellow solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(346) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 9.83 (s, 1H), 7.29-7.46 (m, 7H), 6.98 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 5.25 (s, 2H), 3.94 (s, 3H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 191.0, 153.6, 150.1, 136.0, 130.3, 128.7, 128.2, 127.2, 126.6, 112.3, 109.3, 70.9, 56.1; MS (ES+): m/z=243 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.53 min.

Example 99: 4-(Benzyloxy)-5-methoxy-2-nitrobenzaldehyde (96)

(347) ##STR00187##

(348) To a stirred solution of 4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (95) (130.00 g, 536.6 mmol) in TFA (600 mL) was added KNO.sub.3 (65.10 g, 643.9 mmol, in 600 mL of TFA) dropwise at 0 C. The reaction mixture was stirred for another hour. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (2.4 L). The precipitate was filtered and washed with cold water (2500 mL) to give the title compound (125.00 g, 81%) as a yellow solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(349) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 10.42 (s, 1H), 7.66 (s, 1H), 7.34-7.46 (m, 6H), 5.26 (s, 2H), 4.0 (s, 3H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 187.8, 153.7, 151.4, 134.85, 129.0, 128.9, 128.7, 127.6, 125.7, 110.0, 108.9, 71.6, 56.73; MS (ES+): m/z=286 (MH).sup.; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.87 min.

Example 100: 4-Hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-nitrobenzaldehyde (97)

(350) ##STR00188##

(351) To a stirred solution of 4-(benzyloxy)-5-methoxy-2-nitrobenzaldehyde (96) (100.00 g, 348.1 mmol) in AcOH (800 mL) was added HBr (48%, 88.02 mL, 522.16 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 85 C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with H.sub.2O (1.6 L), the precipitate was filtered and washed with cold water (3100 mL) to give the title compound (50.00 g, 73%) as a yellow solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(352) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, d6-DMSO) 11.11 (br s, 1H), 10.15 (br s, 1H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 7.35 (s, 1H), 3.94 (s, 3H); MS (ES+): m/z=196.1 (MH).sup.; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=2.55 min.

Example 101: 5-Methoxy-2-nitro-4-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)benzaldehyde (98)

(353) ##STR00189##

(354) A mixture of 4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-nitrobenzaldehyde (97) (50.00 g, 253.6 mmol), TIPS-Cl (59.70 mL, 279.0 mmol) and imidazole (51.80 g, 760.9 mmol) was heated at 100 C. for 30 min. The reaction mixture was poured into ice-cold water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3500 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (isocratic 5%), to give the title compound (57.50 g, 64%) as a yellow solid.

(355) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 10.42 (s, 1H), 7.59 (s, 1H), 7.40 (s, 1H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 1.33-1.24 (m, 3H), 1.07 (s, 18H).

Example 102: 5-Methoxy-2-nitro-4-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)benzoic acid (99)

(356) ##STR00190##

(357) A solution of sodium chlorite (45.97 g, 406.7 mmol, 80% technical grade) and NaH.sub.2PO.sub.4.2H.sub.2O (35.53 g, 227.7 mmol) in water (200 mL) was added to a solution of 5-methoxy-2-nitro-4-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)benzaldehyde (98) (57.50 g, 162.7 mmol) in THF (800 mL) at room temperature. H.sub.2O.sub.2 (30% w/w, 235 mL, 2.28 mol) was immediately added to the vigorously stirred biphasic mixture. The starting material dissolved and the temperature of the reaction mixture rose to 45 C. After 30 min, the reaction was judged to have completed by TLC. The mixture was acidified to pH=3-4 with citric acid. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3500 mL). The combined extracts were washed with water (150 mL) and brine (150 mL), dried over anhydrous Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (isocratic 10%) followed by methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%), to give the title compound (38.00 g, 63%) as a yellow oil.

(358) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 9.81 (s, 1H), 7.35 (s, 1H), 7.25 (s, 1H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 1.26 (q, J=7.4 Hz, 3H), 1.09 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 18H); MS (ES+): m/z=368.1 (MH).sup.; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.75 min.

Example 103: (S)-(2-(Hydroxymethyl)piperidin-1-yl)(5-methoxy-2-nitro-4 ((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)phenyl)methanone (100)

(359) ##STR00191##

(360) A solution of 5-methoxy-2-nitro-4-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)benzoic acid (99) (28.00 g, 75.8 mmol), HATU (31.70 g, 83.4 mmol) and dry Et.sub.3N (44 mL) in dry DCM (300 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. (S)-Piperidin-2-ylmethanol (11.35 g, 98.5 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The reaction mixture was partitioned between DCM (500 mL2) and water (100 mL). Organic layer was dried over Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 50% to 75%), to give the title compound (20.00 g, 57%) as a yellow solid.

(361) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.68-7.65 (m, 1H), 7.03-6.65 (m, 1H), 5.04-4.69 (m, 1H), 4.12-4.05 (m, 0.41H), 4.01-3.95 (m, 0.46H), 3.92-3.89 (m, 2.57H), 3.83-3.74 (m, 1.47H), 3.64-3.59 (m, 0.35H), 3.45-3.40 (m, 0.28H), 3.21-3.01 (m, 1.39H), 2.87-2.79 (m, 0.38H), 1.97-1.94 (m, 0.55H), 1.88-1.77 (m, 0.58H), 1.73-1.62 (m, 3H), 1.56-1.44 (m, 2H), 1.29-1.24 (m, 3H), 1.09 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 18H); MS (ES+): m/z=467.3 (M+H).sup.+;

(362) LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=4.75 min.

Example 104: (S)-(2-Amino-5-methoxy-4-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)phenyl)(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidin-1-yl)methanone (101)

(363) ##STR00192##

(364) A mixture of (S)-(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidin-1-yl)(5-methoxy-2-nitro-4 ((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)phenyl)methanone (100) (10.0 g, 21.4 mmol), palladium on activated charcoal (10% wt. basis) (1.00 g) in methanol (100 mL) was stirred at room-temperature under H.sub.2 for 18 h. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite and the cake was washed with ethyl acetate (iso mL). The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 50% to 67%), to give the title compound (8.00 g, 85%) as a yellow oil.

(365) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 6.67 (s, 1H), 6.30 (s, 1H), 4.00-3.81 (m, 4H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.57 (s, 1H), 3.08 (s, ill), 1.68-1.64 (m, 4H), 1.57-1.43 (m, 2H), 1.28-1.17 (m, 3H), 1.08 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 18H); MS (ES+): m/z=437.3 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=1.94 min.

Example 105: Allyl (S)-(2-(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methoxy-5 ((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)phenyl)carbamate (102)

(366) ##STR00193##

(367) To a stirred solution of (S)-(2-amino-5-methoxy-4-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)phenyl)(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidin-1-yl)methanone (101) (22.00 g, 50.4 mmol) and pyridine (7.97 g, 100.8 mmol) in dichloromethane (300 mL) was added allyl chloroformate (6.38 g, 52.9 mmol) dropwise at 10 C. After 30 min, the reaction was judged to have completed by TLC. Reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane (500 mL) and washed with a saturated aqueous solution of copper (II) sulfate (150 mL), water (100 mL) and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (100 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 50% to 75%), to give the title compound (17.00 g, 65%) as a yellow oil.

(368) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 8.08 (s, 1H), 7.62 (s, 1H), 6.75 (s, 1H), 5.92 (ddt, J=17.2, 10.7, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 5.32 (dt, J=17.3, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 5.20 (dt, J=10.6, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 4.61 (dt, J=5.5, 1.5 Hz, 2H), 3.88 (t, J=10.7 Hz, 1H), 3.76 (s, 3H), 3.61-3.57 (m, 1H), 3.20-3.02 (m, 2H), 2.03 (s, 1H), 1.65-1.62 (m, 3H), 1.53-1.40 (m, 2H), 1.29-1.24 (m, 4H), 1.11-1.08 (m, 18H);

(369) MS (ES+): m/z=522.3 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=5.23 min.

Example 106: Allyl (6aS)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-12-oxo-3-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (103)

(370) ##STR00194##

(371) A mixture of allyl (S)-(2-(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-4-methoxy-5 ((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)phenyl)carbamate (102) (17.00 g, 32.7 mmol), TEMPO (510 mg, 3.3 mmol) and PIDA (12.62 g, 39.2 mmol) in DCM (iso mL) was stirred at room-temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM (350 mL), washed with aq. Na.sub.2SO.sub.3 (100 mL), aq. NaHCO.sub.3 (100 mL) and brine (100 mL). The organic phase was dried over anhydrous Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 50% to 75%), to give the title compound (13.00 g, 77%) as a yellow oil.

(372) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.13 (s, 1H), 6.65 (s, 1H), 5.90 (d, J=10.3 Hz, 1H), 5.78 (td, J=10.6, 5.3 Hz, 1H), 5.19-5.13 (m, 2H), 4.60 (dd, J=13.1, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 4.52-4.40 (m, 1H), 4.35 (dt, J=13.6, 4.5 Hz, 1H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 3.57-3.39 (m, 2H), 3.14-2.99 (m, 1H), 2.08-1.99 (m, 1H), 1.76-1.61 (m, 5H), 1.25-1.18 (m, 3H), 1.09-1.05 (m, 18H); MS (ES+): m/z=519.3 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=2.41 min.

Example 107: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-3-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (104)

(373) ##STR00195##

(374) A mixture of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-3-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (103) (14.00 g, 27.0 mmol), DHP (22.70 g, 269.9 mmol) and pTSA.Math.H.sub.2O (140 mg, 0.76 mmol) in THF (130 mL) was stirred at room-temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (360 mL), washed with aq. NaHCO.sub.3 (200 mL) and brine (100 mL). The organic phase was dried over anhydrous Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (isocratic 17%), to give the title compound (12.50 g, 77%) as a yellow oil.

(375) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.13 (s, 0.38H), 7.10 (s, 0.53H), 6.90 (s, 0.50H), 6.52 (s, 0.35H), 6.15 (d, J=10.0 Hz, 0.37H), 5.98 (d, J=10.0 Hz, 0.51H), 5.80-5.68 (m, 0.88H), 5.17-4.94 (m, 2.73H), 4.64-4.21 (m, 3H), 3.91-3.85 (m, 0.85H), 3.83 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 3H), 3.66-3.39 (m, 2H), 3.14-3.00 (m, 1H), 2.08-1.87 (m, 1H), 1.83-1.33 (m, 12H), 1.26-1.19 (m, 3H), 1.08-1.05 (m, 18H); MS (ES+): m/z=603.4 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.41 min.

Example 108: Allyl (6aS)-3,6-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (105)

(376) ##STR00196##

(377) A 1 M solution of tetrabutylammonium fluoride in tetrahydrofuran (0.3 mL) was added to a mixture of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-3-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (103) (50 mg, 0.10 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL). the reaction mixture was stirred for 30 min and it was then washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride (30 mL). The aqueous solution was washed with ethyl acetate (230 mL) and the organic solvent was concentrated under vacuum. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane to give the title compound (36 mg, 99%) as a yellow oil.

(378) MS (ES+): m/z=363 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=2.60 min.

Example 109: (S)-3-Hydroxy-2-methoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-12(6aH)-one (106)

(379) ##STR00197##

(380) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-3,6-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (105) (36.0 mg, 0.10 mmol) in dichloromethane (3 mL) was sequentially added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (5.7 mg, 5 mol %), and pyrrolidine (9.7 mL, 0.12 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture concentrated in vacuo and subjected to high vacuum for 40 min until excess pyrrolidine was removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%) to give the title compound (20 mg, 76%) as a cream solid.

(381) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.89 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (s, 1H), 6.84 (s, 1H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 3.80-3.69 (m, 2H), 3.28-3.16 (m, 1H), 2.18-2.01 (m, 2H), 1.99-1.81 (m, 4H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 163.2, 148.4, 145.9, 145.6, 120.8, 112.0, 111.2, 56.2, 49.6, 39.7, 24.4, 22.9, 18.3; MS (ES+): m/z=279 (M+H+H.sub.2O).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=4.68 min.

Example 110: (S)-4-((2-Methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (107)

(382) ##STR00198##

(383) To a solution 4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (9) (50.0 mg, 0.09 mmol) in dichloromethane (3 mL) was sequentially added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (5.4 mg, 5 mol %), and pyrrolidine (9.0 L, 0.11 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture concentrated in vacuo and subjected to high vacuum for 40 min until excess pyrrolidine was removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%) to give the title compound (25 mg, 80%) as a cream solid.

(384) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.87 (br. s., 1H), 7.39 (s, 1H), 6.81 (s, 1H), 4.16-4.00 (m, 3H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.83-3.72 (m, 2H), 3.29-3.15 (m, 1H), 2.52 (br. s., 2H), 2.20-1.77 (m, 8H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 176.5, 167.7, 150.7, 139.2, 128.5, 121.1, 111.7, 109.7, 67.8, 56.1, 49.7, 39.8, 30.3, 24.4, 22.9, 18.2; MS (ES+): m/z=347 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=2.73 min.

Example 111: Allyl (6aS)-3-hydroxy-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12M-carboxylate (108)

(385) ##STR00199##

(386) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-3-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (103) (2.0 g, 3.32 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was added TBAF (i M, 5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 min and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (1.2 g, 83%) as a white solid.

(387) MS (ES+): m/z=446.7 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=3.22 min.

Example 112: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-((3-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)benzyl)oxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (109)

(388) ##STR00200##

(389) A mixture of allyl (6aS)-3-hydroxy-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (108) (1.2 g, 2.69 mmol), methyl 2-(3-(bromomethyl)phenyl)acetate (686 mg, 2.82 mmol) and K.sub.2CO.sub.3 (560 mg, 4.05 mmol), in DMF (15 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was poured into ice-cold water (50 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (280 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (1.08 g, 66%) as a colourless oil.

(390) MS (ES+): m/z=608.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.73 min.

Example 113: 2-(3-((((6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)acetic acid (110)

(391) ##STR00201##

(392) To a solution of (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-((3-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)benzyl)oxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (109) (1.08 g, 1.77 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (9 mL) was added an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (1 M, 9 mL, 9 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (15 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=4 with an aqueous solution of citric acid (1 M, 10 mL). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (50 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound (900 mg, 86%) as a white solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(393) MS (ES+): m/z=594.7 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.43 min.

Example 114: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-((3-(2-((5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)benzyl)oxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (111)

(394) ##STR00202##

(395) A solution of 2-(3-((((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)acetic acid (110) (450 mg, 0.757 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (4 mL) was charged with N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (232 mg, 1.90 mmol) and N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (291 mg, 1.52 mmol) and it was stirred for 30 min at room temperature. Methyl 4-amino-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate hydrochloride (145 mg, 0.761 mmol) was added and the solution was stirred for further 18 h. The reaction mixture was poured into ice-cold water (50 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (280 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (245 mg, 44%) as a brown oil.

(396) MS (ES+): m/z=730.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.58 min.

Example 115: Methyl (S)-4-(2-(3-(((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)acetamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (112)

(397) ##STR00203##

(398) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-((3-(2-((5-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)benzyl)oxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (111) (20 mg, 0.0274 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 mL) was sequentially added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (1.6 mg, 5 mol %), and pyrrolidine (2.7 jut, 0.0329 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture concentrated in vacuo and subjected to high vacuum for 40 min until excess pyrrolidine was removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%) to give the title compound (11.0 mg, 74%) as a yellow oil.

(399) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.90 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (s, 1H), 7.34-7.40 (m, 5H), 6.86 (s, 1H), 6.62 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 5.18 (q, J=12.5 Hz, 2H), 4.24 (d, J=13.7 Hz, 1H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.88 (s, 1H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 3.78 (s, 3H), 3.73 (s, 1H), 3.71 (s, 1H), 3.69 (s, 2H), 3.18-3.27 (m, 1H), 1.80-1.91 (m, 3H), 1.70-1.77 (m, 2H); MS (ES+): m/z=544.7 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.03 min; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.35 min.

Example 116: Allyl (6aS)-3-((3-(2-((2-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)benzyl)oxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (113)

(400) ##STR00204##

(401) A solution of 2-(3-((((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)acetic acid (110) (450 mg, 0.757 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (4 mL) was charged with N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (232 mg, 1.90 mmol) and N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (291 mg, 1.52 mmol) and it was stirred for 30 min at room temperature. Ethyl 4-amino-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate hydrochloride (156 mg, 0.759 mmol) was added and the solution was stirred for further 18 h. The reaction mixture was poured into ice-cold water (50 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (280 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 0% to 100%), followed by methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (407 mg, 72%) as a colourless oil.

(402) MS (ES+): m/z=745.9 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.55 min.

Example 117: Ethyl (S)-4-(2-(3-(((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)acetamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate (114)

(403) ##STR00205##

(404) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-3-((3-(2-((2-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)benzyl)oxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (113) (20 mg, 0.0268 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 mL) was sequentially added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (1.6 mg, 5 mol %), and pyrrolidine (2.6 mL, 0.0268 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture concentrated in vacuo and subjected to high vacuum for 40 min until excess pyrrolidine was removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 5%) to give the title compound (4.05 mg, 29%) as a yellow oil.

(405) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.89 (br. s., 1H), 7.54-7.51 (m, 1H), 7.46 (br. s., 1H), 7.43-7.32 (m, 3H), 7.26-7.21 (m, 1H), 6.83 (br. s., 1H), 5.25-5.08 (m, 2H), 4.42-4.35 (m, 2H), 4.24 (d, J=14.1 Hz, 1H), 4.00-3.97 (m, 2H), 3.97-3.94 (m, 3H), 3.77-3.71 (m, 3H), 3.32-3.12 (m, 1H), 2.16-2.01 (m, 2H), 1.96 (br. s., 1H), 1.89-1.64 (m, 5H), 1.42-1.36 (m, 3H); MS (ES+): m/z=559.9 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=2.95 min; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.15 min.

Example 118: 4-(2-(3-((((6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)acetamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylic acid (115)

(406) ##STR00206##

(407) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-3-((3-(2-((2-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)benzyl)oxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (114) (330 mg, 0.442 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2.5 mL) was added an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (1 M, 2.5 mL, 2.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (15 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=4 with an aqueous solution of citric acid (1 M, 10 mL). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (50 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%) to give the title compound (133 mg, 42%) as a cream solid.

(408) MS (ES+): m/z=717.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.23 min.

Example 119: Methyl 2-(4-(2-(3-((((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)acetamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)benzo[d]thiazole-5-carboxylate (116)

(409) ##STR00207##

(410) A solution of 4-(2-(3-((((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)acetamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylic acid (115) (65 mg, 0.0906 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (1 mL) was charged with N-[(dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (37 mg, 0.0973 mmol) and anhydrous triethylamine (54 L, 0.387 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 min. Methyl 2-aminobenzo[d]thiazole-5-carboxylate (19 mg, 0.0912 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water containing a few drops of acetic acid (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 0% to 100%), followed by methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (23 mg, 28%) as a yellow oil.

(411) MS (ES+): m/z=907.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.98 min.

Example 120: 2-(4-(2-(3-((((6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)acetamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)benzo[d]thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (117)

(412) ##STR00208##

(413) To a solution of methyl 2-(4-(2-(3-((((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)acetamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)benzo[d]thiazole-5-carboxylate (116) (10 mg, (Lon mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.5 mL) was added an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (1 M, 0.5 mL, 0.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (15 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=4 with an aqueous solution of citric acid (1 M, 10 mL). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (50 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (9.7 mg, 98%) as a white solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification

(414) MS (ES+): m/z=893.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.58 min.

Example 121: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-((3-(2-((1-methyl-2-((5-(phenylcarbamoyl)benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)benzyl)oxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (118)

(415) ##STR00209##

(416) A solution of 2-(4-(2-(3-((((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)acetamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)benzo[d]thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (117) (9.7 mg, 0.0109 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (0.5 mL) was charged with N-[(dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (4.3 mg, 0.0113 mmol) and anhydrous triethylamine (6.5 L, 0.0466 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 min. Aniline (1.0 L, 0.0109 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water containing a few drops of acetic acid (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 0% to 100%), followed by methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (3.4 mg, 32%) as a cream film.

(417) MS (ES+): m/z=968.9 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.88 min.

Example 122: (S)-2-(4-(2-(3-(((2-Methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)acetamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)-N-phenylbenzo[d]thiazole-5-carboxamide (119)

(418) ##STR00210##

(419) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-((3-(2-((1-methyl-2-((5-(phenylcarbamoyl)benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)benzyl)oxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (118) (3.4 mg, 0.00351 mmol) in dichloromethane (0.5 mL) was sequentially added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.2 mg, 5 mol %), and pyrrolidine (0.4 L, 0.00487 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture concentrated in vacuo and subjected to high vacuum for 40 min until excess pyrrolidine was removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 100%) to give the title compound (1.5 mg, 55%) as a cream film.

(420) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 10.73 (s, 1H), 10.33 (s, 1H), 8.36 (br. s., 1H), 8.10 (br. s., 1H), 7.88 (d, J=7.0 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (br. s., 1H), 7.45-7.27 (m, 6H), 7.15-7.07 (m, 1H), 5.22-4.97 (m, 2H), 4.01 (s, 2H), 3.83-3.79 (m, 1H), 3.71 (br. s., 1H), 3.70 (s, 2H), 3.66-3.64 (m, 2H), 3.63-3.56 (m, 1H), 3.46-3.37 (m, 1H), 2.11-1.95 (m, 1H), 1.90-1.82 (m, 1H), 1.80-1.64 (m, 2H), 1.62-1.45 (m, 2H), 1.18-1.09 (m, 2H); MS (ES+): m/z=782.7 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.38 min; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.28 min.

Example 123: Allyl (6aS)-3-(4-((2-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (120)

(421) ##STR00211##

(422) A solution of 4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (9) (500 mg, 0.939 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (5 mL) was charged with N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (287 mg, 2.35 mmol) and N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (360 mg, 1.88 mmol) and it was stirred for 15 min at room temperature. Ethyl 4-amino-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylate hydrochloride (195 mg, 0.948 mmol) was added and the solution was stirred for further 18 h. The reaction mixture was poured into ice-cold water (50 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (280 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (642 mg, 99%) as a brown oil. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(423) MS (ES+): m/z=683.9 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.35 min.

Example 124: 4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylic acid (121)

(424) ##STR00212##

(425) To a solution of allyl (6aS)-3-(4-((2-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (120) (642 mg, 0.939 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (5 mL) was added an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (1 M, 5 mL, mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (15 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=4 with an aqueous solution of citric acid (1 M, 10 mL). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (50 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (615 mg, 99%) as a cream solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification

(426) MS (ES+): m/z=655.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.00 min.

Example 125: Methyl 2-(4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)benzo[d]thiazole-5-carboxylate (122)

(427) ##STR00213##

(428) A solution of 4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxylic acid (121) (100 mg, 0.153 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide mL) was charged with N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (47 mg, 0.385 mmol) and N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (59 mg, 0.308 mmol) and it was stirred for 30 min at room temperature. Methyl 2-aminobenzo[d]thiazole-5-carboxylate (32 mg, 0.154 mmol) was added and the solution was stirred for further 18 h. The reaction mixture was poured into ice-cold water (50 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (280 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 0% to 100%), followed by methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (7.0 mg, 5%) as a yellow solid.

(429) MS (ES+): m/z=845.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.80 min.

Example 126: 2-(4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)benzo[d]thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (123)

(430) ##STR00214##

(431) To a solution of methyl 2-(4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)benzo[d]thiazole-s-carboxylate (122) (7 mg, 0.00828 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.5 mL) was added an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (1 M, 0.5 mL, 0.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (15 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=4 with an aqueous solution of citric acid (1 M, 10 mL). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (50 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (6.4 mg, 93%) as a white solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification

(432) MS (ES+): m/z=829.8 (MH).sup.; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.47 min.

Example 127: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((1-methyl-2-((5-(phenylcarbamoyl)benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (124)

(433) ##STR00215##

(434) A solution of 2-(4-(4-(((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)benzo[d]thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (123) (6.4 mg, 0.00769 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (0.5 mL) was charged with N-[(dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (3.0 mg, 0.00789 mmol) and anhydrous triethylamine (5.0 L, 0.0359 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 min. Aniline (1.0 L, 0.0109 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water containing a few drops of acetic acid (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 0% to 100%), followed by methanol/ethyl acetate (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (2.2 mg, 32%) as a cream film.

(435) MS (ES+): m/z=906.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.77 min.

Example 128: (S)-2-(4-(4-((2-Methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-carboxamido)-N-phenylbenzo[d]thiazole-5-carboxamide (125)

(436) ##STR00216##

(437) To a solution allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-((1-methyl-2-((5-(phenylcarbamoyl)benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (124) (2.2 mg, 0.00243 mmol) in dichloromethane (0.5 mL) was sequentially added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.2 mg, 7 mol %), and pyrrolidine (0.3 L, 0.00365 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture concentrated in vacuo and subjected to high vacuum for 40 min until excess pyrrolidine was removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 100%) to give the title compound (1.7 mg, 97%) as a cream film.

(438) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 10.51 (s, 1H), 10.32 (br. s., 2H), 8.35 (br. s., 1H), 8.00 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.85-7.80 (m, 2H), 7.73 (br. s., 1H), 7.68-7.66 (m, 2H), 7.59 (br. s., 1H), 7.36 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.23 (s, 1H), 7.12 (d, J=7.0 Hz, 1H), 4.12 (s, 3H), 4.04-3.99 (m, 3H), 3.85-3.78 (m, 2H), 3.71 (s, 1H), 3.61-3.56 (m, 1H), 3.08 (s, 1H), 2.68-2.65 (m, 2H), 2.08-1.96 (m, 4H), 1.65-1.60 (m, 4H); MS (ES+): m/z=720.9 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.25 min; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.98 min.

Example 129: 4-(4-(4-((tert-Butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (126)

(439) ##STR00217##

(440) To a solution of methyl 4-(4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (57) (3.1 g, 6.85 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (120 mL) was added an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (1 M, 120 mL, 120 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 h and was then concentrated in vacuo, after which water (80 mL) was added and the aqueous layer was acidified to pH=4 with an aqueous solution of citric acid (1 M, 80 mL). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (2150 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (150 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (2.5 g, 83%) as a cream solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(441) MS (ES+): m/z=438.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.27 min.

Example 130: tert-Butyl (1-methyl-5-((4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)carbamate (127)

(442) ##STR00218##

(443) A solution of 4-(4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (126) (2.0 g, 4.56 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (14 mL) was charged with N-[(dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (1.85 g, 4.87 mmol) and anhydrous triethylamine (2.7 mL, 19.4 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Aniline (440 mL, 4.82 mmol) was added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (50 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (2150 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water containing a few drops of acetic acid (75 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo, to give the title compound (2.0 g, 85%) as a cream film.

(444) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 9.83 (br. s., 1H), 9.77 (br. s., 1H), 9.12 (br. s., 1H), 7.73 (br. s., 4H), 7.50 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 7.46 (br. s., 1H), 7.41 (br. s., 1H), 7.33 (br. s., 2H), 7.06 (br. s., 1H), 6.94 (br. s., 2H), 3.91 (br. s., 3H), 3.81 (br. s., 3H), 1.46 (br. s., 9H) MS (ES+): m/z=513.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.70 min.

Example 131: 4-Amino-1-methyl-N-(4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide hydrochloride (128)

(445) ##STR00219##
tert-Butyl (1-methyl-5-((4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)carbamate (127) (to g, 1.95 mmol) was dissolved in hydrochloric acid (4 M in 1,4-dioxane) (5 mL) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (975 mg, 99%) as a brown solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(446) MS (ES+): m/z=413.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.07 min.

Example 132: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-((3-(2-((1-methyl-5-((4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)benzyl)oxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (129)

(447) ##STR00220##

(448) A solution of 2-(3-((((6aS)-5-((allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)acetic acid (no) (50 mg, 0.084 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide mL) was charged with N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (30 mg, 0.245 mmol) and N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (32 mg, 0.168 mmol) and it was stirred for 30 min at room temperature. 4-Amino-1-methyl-N-(4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide hydrochloride (128) (41.6 mg, 0.092 mmol) was added and the solution was stirred for further 18 h. The reaction mixture was poured into ice-cold water (50 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (280 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (21 mg, 25%) as a white solid.

(449) MS (ES+): m/z=989.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.35 min.

Example 133: (S)-4-(2-(3-(((2-Methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)acetamido)-1-methyl-N-(4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (130)

(450) ##STR00221##

(451) To a solution allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-((3-(2-((i-methyl-5-((4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)benzyl)oxy)-12-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (129) (21 mg, 0.0212 mmol) in dichloromethane (0.5 mL) was sequentially added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (1.2 mg, 5 mol %), and pyrrolidine (2.1 L, 0.0256 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture concentrated in vacuo and subjected to high vacuum for 40 min until excess pyrrolidine was removed. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 100%) to give the title compound (8.0 mg, 47%) as a cream solid.

(452) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 10.13 (s, 1H), 9.83 (s, 1H), 9.80 (s, 1H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 7.72 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 2H), 7.70 (s, 1H), 7.50 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.46 (s, 1H), 7.44-7.39 (m, 2H), 7.35 (s, 2H), 7.33 (s, 2H), 7.31 (br. s., 1H), 7.21 (s, 1H), 7.11-7.07 (m, 1H), 7.07-7.03 (m, 1H), 6.99 (s, 1H), 6.66 (s, 1H), 6.12 (s, 1H), 5.15-4.95 (m, 2H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.72-3.66 (m, 3H), 3.61 (s, 2H), 3.48-3.39 (m, 1H), 1.93-1.71 (m, 2H), 1.69-1.47 (m, 5H), 1.25-1.22 (m, 1H); MS (ES+): m/z=804.0 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.45 min; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.52 min.

Example 134: (S)-(2-(((tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)methyl)piperidin-1-yl)(5-methoxy-2-nitro-4 ((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)phenyl)methanone (131)

(453) ##STR00222##

(454) TBS-OTf (3.12 g, 11.8 mmol) was added to a solution of (S)-(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidin-1-yl)(5-methoxy-2-nitro-4 ((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)phenyl)methanone (100) (5.50 g, 11.8 mmol) and 2,6-lutidine (5.05 g, 47.2 mmol) in dry DCM (50 mL) at 0 C. for 4 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM (300 mL) and sequentially washed with water (50 mL), sat. aq. NaHCO.sub.3 (50 mL) and brine (50 mL). Organic layer was dried over Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (from 9% to 50%) to give the title compound (4.1 g, 60%) as a yellow oil.

(455) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.68 (s, 1H), 6.74-6.64 (m, 1H), 4.99-4.65 (m, 1H), 3.91-3.86 (m, 3H), 3.81-3.61 (m, 1H), 3.57-3.39 (m, 0.62H), 3.16-3.03 (m, 1H), 2.77 (d, J=12.4 Hz, 0.34H), 2.14 (d, J=13.4 Hz, 0.31H), 1.86-1.44 (m, 5H), 1.31-1.25 (m, 3.75H), 1.10-1.04 (m, 18H), 0.92-0.82 (m, 9H), 0.12-0.04 (m, 6H); MS (ES+): m/z=580.9 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=9.21 min.

Example 135: (S)-(4-Hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidin-1-yl)methanone (132)

(456) ##STR00223##

(457) To a solution of (S)-(2-(((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)methyl)piperidin-1-yl)(5-methoxy-2-nitro-4 ((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)phenyl)methanone (131) (3.9 g, 6.72 mmol) in THF (40 mL) was added TBAF (i. M, 15 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 h and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the title compound (2.1 g, 99%) as a yellow oil. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(458) MS (ES+): m/z=310.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=2.57 min.

Example 136: Methyl (S)-4-(4-(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxy-5-nitrophenoxy)butanoate (133)

(459) ##STR00224##

(460) A mixture of (S)-(4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidin-1-yl)methanone (132) (2.1 g, 6.77 mmol), methyl 4-bromobutanoate (900 L, 7.13 mmol) and potassium carbonate (1.4 g, 10.13 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (30 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (60 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2100 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (2.3 g, 83%) as a yellow oil.

(461) MS (ES+): m/z=410.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=2.93 min.

Example 137: Methyl (S)-4-(5-amino-4-(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)butanoate (134)

(462) ##STR00225##

(463) Ammonium formate (2.95 g, 46.78 mmol) and palladium on activated charcoal (10% wt. basis) (5.0 g) were added to a solution of methyl (S)-4-(4-(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxy-5-nitrophenoxy)butanoate (133) in THF (90 mL) and water (10 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 35 C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite and washed with ethyl acetate (200 mL). The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (1.75 g, 79%) as an amber oil. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(464) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 6.68 (s, 1H), 6.24 (s, 1H), 4.53 (br. s., 1H), 3.96 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 3.93-3.82 (m, 4H), 3.73 (s, 3H), 3.65 (d, J=0.8 Hz, 3H), 3.55 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 3.06 (br. s., 1H), 2.49 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.14-2.05 (m, 2H), 1.68-1.58 (m, 4H), 1.56-1.41 (m, 2H), 1.04-0.98 (m, 1H); MS (ES+): m/z=380.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=2.58 min.

Example 138: Methyl 4-(5-((((4-((S)-2-((5)-2-(((allyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-methylbutanamido)propanamido)benzyl)oxy)carbonyl)amino)-4-((S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)butanoate (135)

(465) ##STR00226##

(466) A solution of methyl (S)-4-(5-amino-4-(2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)butanoate (134) (1.75 g, 4.60 mmol) and allyl ((S)-3-methyl-1-(((S)-1-((4-((((4-nitrophenoxy)carbonyl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)amino)-1-oxobutan-2-yl)carbamate (2.5 g, 4.61 mmol) in DMF (9 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 5 min. 1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-ol (622 mg, 4.60 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture which was heated to 60 C. for 22 h. The reaction mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate (250 mL) and water (30 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (2.5 g, 62%) as a beige solid.

(467) MS (ES+): m/z=783.9 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.15 min.

Example 139: 4-(5-((((4-((S)-2-((S)-2-(((Allyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-methylbutanamido)propanamido)benzyl)oxy)carbonyl)amino)-4-((S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)butanoic acid (136)

(468) ##STR00227##

(469) To a solution of methyl 4-(5-((((4-((S)-2-((S)-2-(((allyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-methylbutanamido)propanamido)benzyl)oxy)carbonyl)amino)-44 (S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)butanoate (135) (2.5 g, 2.87 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (12 mL) was added an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (0.5 M, 18 mL, 9.00 mmol) dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 h. The reaction mixture was acidified to pH=1 with 1 M HCl (10 mL) before being diluted with water (30 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2100 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 100%), to give the title compound (1.2 g, 54%) as a cream solid.

(470) MS (ES+): m/z=769.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=2.95 min.

Example 140: 4-(((6S,6aS)-5-(((4-((S)-2-((S)-2-(((Allyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-methylbutanamido)propanamido)benzyl)oxy)carbonyl)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-12-oxo-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (137)

(471) ##STR00228##

(472) As suspension of 4-(5-((((4-((S)-2-((S)-2-(((allyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-methylbutanamido)propanamido)benzyl)oxy)carbonyl)amino)-44 (S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carbonyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)butanoic acid (136) (1.2 g, 1.56 mmol) and Dess-Martin periodinane (1.35 g, 3.18 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (15 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 45 min. The reaction mixture was partitioned between dichloromethane (250 mL) and saturated aqueous solution of sodium metabisulfite (30 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%), to give the title compound (760 mg, 63%) as a yellow solid.

(473) MS (ES+): m/z=767.8 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=2.98 min.

Example 141: 4-((S)-2-(((Allyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-methylbutanamido)propanamido)benzyl (6S,6aS)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-3-(4-((1-methyl-5-((4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (138)

(474) ##STR00229##

(475) A solution of 4-(((6S,6aS)-5-(((4-((S)-2-((S)-2-(((allyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-methylbutanamido)propanamido)benzyl)oxy)carbonyl)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-12-oxo-5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12-octahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (137) (440 mg, 0.573 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (3 mL) was charged with N-[(dimethylamino)-1H-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-b]pyridin-1-ylmethylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate N-oxide (230 mg, 0.605 mmol) and anhydrous triethylamine (335 L, 2.41 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. 4-Amino-1-methyl-N-(4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide hydrochloride (128) (260, 0.578 mmol) was added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (250 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water containing a few drops of acetic acid (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/chloroform (from 0% to 5%), to give the title compound (43 mg, 6%) as a salmon solid.

(476) MS (ES+): m/z=1163.1 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.48 min.

Example 142: 4-((S)-2-((S)-2-Amino-3-methylbutanamido)propanamido)benzyl (6S,6aS)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-3-(4-((1-methyl-5-((4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (139)

(477) ##STR00230##

(478) To a solution of 4-((S)-2-((S)-2-(((allyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-methylbutanamido)propanamido)benzyl (6S,6aS)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-3-(4-((1-methyl-5-((4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6,6a,7,8,9,10 hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (138) (43 mg, 0.0370 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 mL) was sequentially added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (2.1 mg, 5 mol %), and pyrrolidine (3.7 L, 0.0450 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 min. The reaction mixture concentrated in vacuo and subjected to high vacuum for 40 min until excess pyrrolidine was removed, to give the title compound (40 mg, 99%) as a yellow gum. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(479) MS (ES+): m/z=1079.2 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=2.90 min.

Example 143: 4-((2S,5S)-37-(2,5-Dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-5-isopropyl-2-methyl-4,7,35-trioxo-10,13,16,19,22,25,28,31-octaoxa-3,6,34-triazaheptatriacontanamido)benzyl (6S,6aS)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-3-(4-((1-methyl-5-((4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (140)

(480) ##STR00231##

(481) A solution of 4-((S)-2-((S)-2-amino-3-methylbutanamido)propanamido)benzyl (6S,6aS)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-3-(4-((1-methyl-5-((4-(1-methyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)amino)-4-oxobutoxy)-12-oxo-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-5(12H)-carboxylate (139) (40 mg, 0.0370 mmol), 1-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-3-oxo-7,10,13,16,19,22,25,28-octaoxa-4-azahentriacontan-31-oic acid (22.0 mg, 0.0370 mmol) and N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (7.1 mg, 0.0370 mmol) in anhydrous DCM mL) was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture was directly purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 15%), to give the title compound (41 mg, 67%) as a brown solid.

(482) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d.sub.6) 9.95-9.67 (m, 3H), 8.15 (d, J=6.2 Hz, 1H), 7.98 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.84 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.77-7.64 (m, 3H), 7.61-7.36 (m, 5H), 7.35-7.26 (m, 2H), 7.25-7.10 (m, 1H), 7.06-6.93 (m, 3H), 6.68 (br. s., 1H), 5.76 (br. s., 1H), 5.10 (br. s., 1H), 4.86 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 1H), 4.44-4.30 (m, 1H), 4.25-4.15 (m, 1H), 4.11 (br. s., 1H), 3.96-3.86 (m, 3H), 3.83-3.76 (m, 3H), 3.62-3.54 (m, 3H), 3.53-3.38 (m, 28H), 3.30 (br. s., 15H), 3.26-3.20 (m, 1H), 3.18-3.08 (m, 2H), 2.86 (br. s., 1H), 2.50 (br. s., 3H), 2.45-2.37 (m, 2H), 2.36-2.26 (m, 2H), 2.10-1.86 (m, 3H), 1.62 (d, J=18.4 Hz, 1H), 1.53 (br. S., 2H), 1.29 (br. s., 3H), 1.25-1.05 (m, 3H), 0.94-0.76 (m, 6H); MS (ES+): m/z=1654.6 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.28 min; LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.98 min.

Example 144: N-(4-((S)-2-((S)-2-(6-(2,5-Dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)hexanamido)-3-methylbutanamido)propanamido)phenyl)-4-(4-(4-(4-(((S)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (141)

(483) ##STR00232##

(484) A mixture of (6-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)hexanoyl)-L-valyl-L-alanine (160 mg, 0.420 mmol) and N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline (150 mg, 0.600 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was stirred at 0 C. for 30 min. (S)N-(4-Aminophenyl)-4-(4-(4-(4-((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (41) (300 mg, 0.400 mmol) in methanol (1 mL) was added to the reaction mixture at 0 C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 C. for 5 h and then warmed to room temperature for another n h. The reaction mixture was purified by neutral alumina column to afford the title compound (220 mg, 50%) as a yellow solid.

(485) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d.sub.6) 9.92 (s, 1H), 9.86 (s, 1H), 9.81 (s, 2H), 8.15 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 8.00 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.68 (dd, J=22.8, 8.8 Hz, 4H), 7.56-7.42 (m, 5H), 7.38 (s, 1H), 7.27 (s, 1H), 7.22 (s, 1H), 7.00-6.98 (m, 3H), 6.80 (s, 1H), 4.45-4.32 (m, 1H), 4.22-4.09 (m, 2H), 4.07-3.97 (m, 2H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 3.82 (s, 6H), 3.70-3.67 (m, 1H), 3.35-3.33 (m, 1H), 3.14-3.13 (m, 1H), 2.46-2.40 (m, 2H), 2.16-2.14 (m, 2H), 2.09-2.01 (m, 3H), 1.96-1.90 (m, 1H), 1.89-1.81 (m, 1H), 1.80-1.65 (m, 3H), 1.62-1.41 (m, 6H), 1.33-1.26 (m, 4H), 1.26-1.12 (m, 6H), 0.92-0.76 (m, 6H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d.sub.6) 224.5, 217.8, 207.7, 204.1, 196.3, 195.7, 192.6, 192.0, 187.3, 185.2, 183.3, 175.0, 172.7, 171.5, 171.4, 169.3, 166.8, 165.1, 160.0, 150.7, 147.6, 143.0, 140.3, 137.6, 135.2, 134.9, 129.9, 126.6, 124.8, 122.5, 120.8, 120.7, 119.8, 113.4, 111.8, 109.9, 106.7, 103.9, 75.4, 58.0, 56.1, 54.1, 52.2, 49.4, 45.4, 37.4, 35.6, 32.3, 30.8, 28.2, 26.6, 25.3, 23.0, 18.6, 18.5, 18.2, 15.3, 11.6; MS (ES+): m/z=1120.5 (M+H).sup.+; MS (ES+): m/z=1120.5 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.36 min.

Example 145: 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 1-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-3-oxo-7,10,13,16,19,22,25,28-octaoxa-4-azahentriacontan-31-oate (143)

(486) ##STR00233##

(487) DCC (206 mg, 1.01 mmol) was added to a 0 C. solution of 1-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-3-oxo-7,10,13,16,19,22,25,28-octaoxa-4-azahentriacontan-31-oic acid (142) (500 mg, 0.844 mmol), 1-hydroxypyrrolidine-2,5-dione (100 mg, 0.886 mmol) in DCM/EtOAc (1/1, 20 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was filtered and concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure to give the title compound (500 mg, 85%) as a yellow oil. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(488) MS (ES+): m/z=689.3 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=2.70 min.

Example 146: (9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methyl ((S)-1-(((S)-1-((4-(4-(4-(4-(4-(((S)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)amino)-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)carbamate (144)

(489) ##STR00234##

(490) A mixture of (((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)-L-valyl-L-alanine (325 mg, 0.793 mmol) and EEDQ (326 mg, 1.32 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) was stirred at 0 C. for 1 h. (S)N-(4-Aminophenyl)-4-(4-(4-(4-((2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (41) (500 mg, 0.661 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture and stirred at 0 C. for 5 h, then stirred at room temperature for 13 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM/TBME (, 200 mL) and stirred for 1 h before being filtered. The solid cake was dried under reduced pressure to give the title compound (500 mg, 66%) as a yellow solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(491) MS (ES+): m/z=1149.2 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.92 min.

Example 147: N-(4-((S)-2-((S)-2-Amino-3-methylbutanamido)propanamido)phenyl)-4-(4-(4-(4-(((S)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (145)

(492) ##STR00235##

(493) A mixture of (9H-fluoren-9-yl)methyl ((S)-1-(((S)-1-((4-(4-(4-(4-(4-(((S)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)amino)-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)carbamate (144) (500 mg, 0.435 mmol) and piperidine (111 mg, 1.31 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM/TBME (, 200 mL) and stirred for 1 hour before filtered. The solid cake was dried under reduced pressure to give the crude product (400 mg, 99% yield) as a yellow solid. The product was carried through to the next step without any further purification.

(494) MS (ES+): m/z=927.2 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=2.81 min.

Example 148: N-(4-((2S,5S)-37-(2,5-Dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-5-isopropyl-2-methyl-4,7,35-trioxo-10,13,16,19,22,25,28,31-octaoxa-3,6,34-triazaheptatriacontanamido)phenyl)-4-(4-(4-(4-(((S)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (146)

(495) ##STR00236##

(496) A mixture of N-(4-((S)-2-((S)-2-amino-3-methylbutanamido)propanamido)phenyl)-4-(4-(4-(4-(((S)-2-methoxy-12-oxo-6a,7,8,9,10,12-hexahydrobenzo[e]pyrido[1,2-a][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)oxy)butanamido)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (145) (400 mg, 0.431 mmol), 2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 1-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-3-oxo-7,10,13,16,19,22,25,28-octaoxa-4-azahentriacontan-31-oate (143) (357 mg, 0.518 mmol) and DIPEA (143 L, 0.865 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with methanol/dichloromethane (from 0% to 10%), followed by preparative TLC, to give the title compound (100 mg, 15%) as a yellow gum.

(497) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d.sub.6) 9.95 (s, 1H), 9.88 (s, 1H), 9.81 (d, J=3.5 Hz, 2H), 8.17 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 8.05-7.97 (m, 1H), 7.90 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.66 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 2H), 7.55 (d, =8.9 Hz, 2H), 7.49 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 7.40 (s, 1H), 7.22 (s, 1H), 7.02-6.93 (m, 2H), 4.63-4.47 (m, 1H), 4.46-4.31 (m, 1H), 4.27-4.15 (m, 1H), 4.11 (q, J=5.2 Hz, 3H), 4.06-3.97 (m, 1H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 3.86-3.80 (m, 3H), 3.74-3.64 (m, 3H), 3.64-3.55 (m, 4H), 3.52-3.46 (m, 22H), 3.19-3.10 (m, 8H), 2.67 (s, 1H), 2.46-2.38 (m, 3H), 2.32 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.11-1.92 (m, 4H), 1.92-1.69 (m, 2H), 1.69-1.48 (m, 3H), 1.31 (d, J=7.1 Hz, 3H), 1.23 (br. s., 6H), 0.86 (dd, J=15.5 Hz, 6H); MS (ES+): m/z=1501.9 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.13 min.

Example 149: tert-Butyl (5-((4-(5-((4-aminophenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)carbamate (147)

(498) ##STR00237##

(499) A solution of 4-(4-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (126) (300.0 mg, 0.68 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (8 mL) was charged with N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine (250.7 mg, 2.0 mmol) and N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (327.8 mg, 1.71 mmol) and it was stirred for 30 min at room temperature. To the reaction mixture, benzene-1,4-diamine (88.6 mg, 0.82 mmol) was then added and the solution was stirred for further 18 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (30 mL) and loaded with brine (80 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (260 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 40%), to give the title compound (355 mg, 99%) as a brown oil.

(500) MS (ES+): m/z=529 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.28 min.

Example 150: 4-Amino-N-(4-(5-((4-aminophenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (148)

(501) ##STR00238##

(502) To a solution of tert-butyl (5-((4-(5-((4-aminophenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)phenyl)carbamoyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)carbamate (147) (100.0 mg, 0.19 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane and methanol (1:1) (2 mL) hydrochloric acid (4 M in 1,4-dioxane) (2 mL) was added drop wise. The reaction mixture was stirred for 4 h and then quenched through the addition of a 1M solution of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (10 mL, 10 mmol). The mixture was then diluted with brine (30 mL) and the resulting aqueous phase was washed with dichloromethane (330 mL). The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulphate anhydrous, filtered and concentrated in vacuo affording the titled compound (70 mg, 86%) as a brown oil.

(503) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CD.sub.3OD) 7.58-7.54 (m, 3H), 7.53-7.49 (m, 2H), 7.35-7.30 (m, 2H), 7.22 (s, 2H), 6.75-6.71 (m, 2H), 6.61 (s, 1H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.83 (s, 3H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CD.sub.3OD) 126.5, 124.9, 124.6, 123.1, 122.7, 121.0, 115.3, 110.0, 35.6, 35.2; MS (ES+): m/z=429 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=2.35 min.

Example 151: Evidence of DNA Adduct Formation by HPLC

(504) Interaction of C8-linked PDD monomers with duplex transcription factor consensus sequence was studied with an HPLC assay utilizing a X-bridge MS C18 2.5 M OST column (2.350 mm) and a gradient of 40% acetonitrile/water and 100 mM TEAB (Tetraethylammonium bromide)/water as mobile phase with a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min and UV detection at 254 nm. A 4:1 molar ratio of ligand:oligonucleotide was used, with each single-stranded oligonucleotide dissolved in 1 M ammonium acetate to form stock solutions of 1 mM. The oligonucleotides were initially annealed by heating their 1 mM solutions to 70 C. for 10 mins followed by gradual cooling over 8 hours and storage overnight at 20 C. Working solutions of oligonucleotides of 25 M were then prepared by diluting the annealed stock solutions with 100 mM ammonium acetate. The ligands were dissolved in DMSO to form a stock solution of 10 mM which was stored at 20 C. for no longer than four months. Working solutions of the drug of 100 M were prepared by diluting the stock solution with 100 mM ammonium acetate. The working solutions of the ligands were added to the working solution the oligonucleotides at RT, and the mixture incubated for different time intervals at room temperature.

Example 152: Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) Assay

(505) Oligonucleotide sequences used for the FRET assays were purchased from Eurogentec, Southampton, UK: TAMRA (6-carboxytetramethylrhodamine) and FAM (6-carboxyfluorescein) are acceptor and donor fluorophores, respectively. From 20 M stock solutions, 400 nM solutions in FRET buffer (optimized as 50 mM potassium, 50 mM cacodylate, pH 7.4) were prepared prior to use. The oligonucleotides were annealed through heating the samples to 90 C. for 10 mins followed by cooling to room temperature and storing at this temperature for 5 h. Dilutions from the initial 5 mM DMSO stock solution were performed using FRET buffer. Annealed DNA (50 L) and sample solution (50 L) were added to each well of a 96-well plate (MJ Research, Waltham, Mass.), and processed in a DNA Engine Opticon (MJ Research). Fluorescence readings were taken at intervals of 0.5 C. over the range 30-100 C., with a constant temperature maintained for 30 seconds prior to each reading. Incident radiation of 450-495 nm was used, with detection at 515-545 nm. The raw data were imported into the program Origin (Version 7.0, OringinLab Corp.), and the graphs were smoothed using a 10-point running average, and then normalized. Determination of melting temperatures was based on values at the maxima of the first derivative of the smoothed melting curves using a script. The difference between the melting temperature of each sample and that of the blank (Tm) was used for comparative purposes.

(506) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Tm determined after 24 hours incubation with Transcription Factor duplex DNA sequences Tm at 1 M ligand concentration NFB NFB AP-1 AP-1 (1.sup.st (2.sup.ND (1.sup.st (2.sup.ND Compound transition) transition) transition) transition) 13 12 23 11 19 17 11 26 13 18 20 9 12 8 13 24 10 14 9 15

Example 153: Cytotoxicity Analysis of C8-Linked PDD Monomers by MTT Assay

(507) Cell Culture

(508) MDA MB231 (triple negative human breast cancer) was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection. The cell-line was maintained in monolayer culture in 75 cm.sup.2 flasks (TPP, Switzerland) under a humidified 5% CO.sub.2 atmosphere at 37 C. The MDA MB231 cell line was maintained in high glucose DMEM (4.5 g/l; Invitrogen), foetal bovine serum (10%, Biosera UK), non-essential amino acids (ix; Invitrogen), L-glutamine (2 mM; Invitrogen) and Penicillin-Streptomycin (1% v/v, Invitrogen). The HeLa cell line was maintained in Dulbecco's Modified Eagles Media (DMEM; Invitrogen) supplemented with foetal bovine serum (10% v/v; Invitrogen), L-glutamine (2 mM; Invitrogen), non-essential amino acids (lx; Invitrogen) and Penicillin-Streptomycin (1% v/v, Invitrogen). For passaging, cells were washed with PBS (GIBCO 14040, Invitrogen, UK), incubated with trypsine (GIBCO 25300, Invitrogen, UK), and re-seeded into fresh medium. For seeding, cells were counted using a Neubauer haemocytometer (Assistant, Germany) by microscopy (Nikon, USA) on a non-adherent suspension of cells that were washed in PBS, trypsinised, centrifuged at 8 C. at 8000 rpm for 5 min and re-suspended in fresh medium.

(509) MTT Assay

(510) The cells were grown in normal cell culture conditions at 37 C. under a 5% CO.sub.2 humidified atmosphere using appropriate medium. The cell count was adjusted to 10.sup.5 cells/ml and 5,000-20,000 cells were added per well depending on the cell line. The cells were incubated for 24 hours and 1 l of the appropriate inhibitor concentrations were added to the wells in triplicates. After 72 h of continuous exposure to each compound, the cytotoxicity was determined using the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) (Lancaster Synthesis Ltd, UK) colorimetric assay..sup.[34 Absorbance was quantified by spectrophotometry at =570 nm (Envision Plate Reader, PerkinElmer, USA). IC.sub.50 values were calculated by a dose-response analysis using the GraphPad Prism software.

(511) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 IC.sub.50 values (nM) determined after 72 hours exposure for the C8-linked PDD monomers. IC.sub.50 (nanomolar) MDA MB 231 HeLa (Triple negative breast (Cervical cancer Compound cancer cell line) cell line) 13 64 9.6 0.6 0.4 17 21 1.8 1.2 0.8 20 0.3 0.22 0.14 0.09 24 0.8 0.66 1 0.12

Example 154: Biological and Biophysical Characterisation of Free Payloads

(512) In Vitro Cytotoxicity

(513) The in vitro cytotoxicity of compounds 73, 76, 81, 88 and 93 were evaluated in the JIMT-1, MCF-7, MDA-MB-453 and SK-BR-3 (all breast cancer) cell lines using the standard MIT assay for a 72 hour incubation period (Table 3).

(514) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Cytotoxicity of 73, 76, 81, 88 and 93. Cytotoxicity (nM) Compound MDA-MB- Number JIMT-1 MCF-7 453 SK-BR-3 73 0.33 0.42 0.20 0.27 88 0.37 0.60 0.13 0.06 76 0.43 0.53 0.19 0.29 81 0.50 1.40 0.42 0.33 93 0.37 2.00 0.18 0.09

(515) Compound 41 was evaluated in a broader cell-line panel (Table 4) affording low picomolar activity in a variety of cancer types, suggesting broad use for the payload class.

(516) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 In vitro cytotoxicity of 41 in a broad panel of cancer cell-lines (72 hour incubation). IC.sub.50 (Nanomolar, Cell Line 72 hour incubation) 786-O (Renal Cell, CD70) 0.53 SK-HEP-1 (Liver) 0.32 SK-MEL-5 (Melanoma) 0.39 Calu-3 (Lung) 0.65 A549 (Lung) 0.18 AGS (Gastric) 0.07 PC3 (Prostate) 0.36 SW480 (Colorectal) 0.29 EC Cancer Stem Cell 2.64 (Cancer stem cells) AML2 (AML) 0.016 HL60 (APML) 0.009 LnCap (Prostate) 0.47 BxPC3 (Pancreas) 0.43 A375 (Skin) 0.28

Example 155: DNA Cross-Linking Assay

(517) The ability of 41 to cross-link DNA was evaluated using an assay involving a linear double-stranded TyrT fragment (FIG. 5). The PBD dimer Talirine (SGD1882) was used as a positive control, as PBD dimers have previously been shown to cross-link DNA.sup.(32). Following denaturation conditions (treatment with formamide and heating at 65 C. for 5 min), the DNA strands were completely separated (see control C2, FIGS. 6 and 7). The presence of an interstrand cross-link holds the denatured strands in close proximity, and cross-linked adducts therefore run as double-stranded DNA on polyacrylamide gel.

(518) Both compounds were tested at six different concentrations, and the assay was repeated twice. The cross-linking ability of 41 is shown in FIG. 6. Cross-links are not detectable at any concentration (i.e., from 10 M to as low as 0.1 nM), whereas the PBD dimer Talirine produces cross-links at concentrations as low as 10 nM (FIG. 7). These results demonstrate that 41 is incapable of cross-linking DNA, consistent with its proposed mono-alkylation mechanism of action.

Example 156: DNA Footprinting

(519) The DNA sequence selectivity profile of selected molecules was investigated using a modification of the previously established DNA footprinting assay .sup.[32]. Following an overnight incubation of the ligand-DNA complexes, the mixture was mixed with strand separation buffer containing 10 mM EDTA, 10 mM NaOH, 0.1% bromophenol blue, 80% formamide and incubated at 100 C. for 3 min. The mixture was then immediately cooled on ice and run on an 8% denaturing gel. Examination of the obtained gel (FIGS. 8A-C) shows footprints produced by the molecules on MS1 and HexA DNA sequences. FIGS. 8A and 8B shows DNA footprint illustrating the interaction of 73 (B), 76 (D), 81 (E), 88 (C) and 93 (G) with the MS1 DNA fragment and HexA DNA fragment, respectively (lanes A and F represent further controls). FIG. 8C shows a DNA footprint illustrating the interaction of the PBD dimer Talirine with the MS1 DNA fragment. Interestingly, although the MS1 and HexA DNA fragments contain multiple potential binding sites for molecules 73, 76, 81 and 88 (i.e., multiple examples of potential G-alkylating sites), only six preferred sites in the case of MS1 and five in the case of HexA were observed during this experiment. 93 was found to bind to two further sequences in MS1 not occupied by 73, 76, 81 and 88, suggesting a degree of sequence interactivity not present in other molecules in the class. Molecular modelling studies suggest that this occurs due to the ring nitrogen of the imidazole group of 93 forming sequence-interactive H-bonds with guanine bases (data not presented). These data also suggest that the molecules all act in a highly sequence selective manner with a different sequence selectivity profile to the PBD dimer Talirine (green blocks, FIG. 9). The possible adducts formed within the MS1 and HexA sequences are shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 respectively. FIG. 9 shows compounds 73, 41, 76, 81, 88 (all represented in cyan) and 93 (represented in black) all bind to a similar binding site. 93 (solid black line) also interacts with two further sites. The PBD dimer Talirine (green) illustrates a different binding pattern to 73, 76, 81, 88 and 93. Strong DNA footprints are represented by solid lines and weaker footprints are represented by hatched lines. FIG. 10 shows compounds 73, 41, 76, 81 and 88 (all represented in cyan) and 93 (represented in black) all bind to similar binding sites. Strong DNA footprints are represented by solid lines, and weaker footprints are represented by hatched lines

Example 157: FRET DNA Melting

(520) FRET DNA melting studies were undertaken on a fluorescently labelled duplex DNA sequence reacted with 41 and fragmented forms of the molecule (i.e, using intermediates 106, 1437 and 148). The sequence (FIG. 10) was designed to provide additional evidence that 41 can effectively stabilise a particular DNA sequence derived through the Footprinting studies (i.e., XGXWWWW where X represents any base, G represents guanine and W indicates adenine or thymine). FIG. 11 shows fluorescently labelled DNA duplex used in the FRET melting study to study the stabilisation of DNA by 41, 106, 107 and 148. The labels were fluorescein (F) and dabcyl (Q).

(521) FIGS. 12A and B show FRET Denaturation data for 5-AAAAAAAGAAATTTAAA-3 when bound to 41 (FIG. 12A), 106, 148 and 107 (FIG. 12B, right to left). The melting temperature of the duplex increases significantly in proportion to the concentration of 41 present, providing strong supporting evidence that this compound can effectively stabilise DNA. This is in contrast to data derived for the fragments (lower panel), where little stabilisation is observed. The mono-alkylated adduct formed by 41 stabilizes the duplex form, producing very large increases in melting temperature (i.e. T.sub.m values) of >35 C. for 5-AAAAAAAGAAAAATTT-3 (FIG. 12A) indicating a very high binding affinity for this particular sequence. Interestingly, when fragmented into its component parts (i.e., 106, 107 and 148), the fragments exhibit little DNA stabilisation (FIG. 12B), suggesting that the enhanced DNA stabilisation and potent cytotoxicity occurs due to the unique combination of the fragments.

Example 158: Transcription Factor Plate Array Assay

(522) A transcription factor plate array assay experiment was undertaken to establish which transcription factors are down-regulated through the alkylation of DNA by 41. The study showed that the major transcription factors down-regulated were NFAT, NF-B, OCT-4 and GATA. FIG. 13 shows a graph illustrating percentage difference in TF activation in treated cells and FIG. 13B shows the percentage difference in TF activation in cells not treated with 41. FIG. 14 shows a graph illustrating a summary of the major transcription factors up- and down-regulated by 41. The consensus sequences of each of these transcription factors corresponds to the DNA footprinting pattern observed for 41.

(523) 41 has been found to bind to XGXWWWW where X is any base, G represents guanine and W is A or T. In the case of the transcription factor GATA (consensus site WGATAR, where R is A or G), an obvious binding site matching to the footprint is evident. Similarly, in the case of NF-B (consensus site GGGRRNNYYCC where N is any base, and Y is C or T), a binding site (bold and underlined) can be identified, and the consensus sequence of NFAT (GGGAA) also directly corresponds to the DNA footprint.

(524) Summary of Examples 154 to 158

(525) Taken together, the biophysical data presented above provide strong evidence that 73, 41, 76, 81, 88 and 93 effectively stabilise DNA with a high degree of sequence-specificity. Furthermore, when fragmented into its component parts, the individual fragments of 41 exhibit a low degree of DNA stabilisation when reacted with DNA, but provide a large degree of stabilisation when joined, highlighting the uniqueness of the parent structure to recognize specific DNA sequences. Together, these data suggest that the population of DNA adduct types derived may account for the cytotoxicity of this family of compounds in cells. Furthermore, DNA Footprinting studies indicate a degree of sequence selectivity for the class, with the DNA-binding site generally corresponding to XGXWWWW where X represents any base and W indicates adenine or thymine. 41 was shown to down-regulate a number of key transcription factors (e.g., NF-B and GATA), and analysis suggests that their binding sites correspond to the main DNA Footprint observed for this class of molecules. Overall, these data suggest that the potent cytotoxicity observed for the PDD class of payloads is directly related to their DNA-binding affinity and sequence selectivity which can result in the inhibition and down-regulation of key transcription factors. The fact that these compounds mono-alkylate rather than cross-link DNA as occurs with the PBD dimers, suggests that they may produce less overall systemic toxicity 3, and may provide a higher Therapeutic Index in animal models or human clinical trials.

Example 159: H2aX Assay

(526) The H2aX assay was used to evaluate the level of DNA damage caused by 41 and Talirine. FIG. 13 shows a graph illustrating percentage difference in TF activation in treated cells versus cells not treated with 41. FIG. 14 shows a graph illustrating a summary of the major transcription factors up- and down-regulated by 41. FIGS. 15A and B show graphs illustrating cell cycle arrest by 41 (FIG. 15A) and Talirine (FIG. 15B), where MEC represents Minimum Effective Concentration that significantly crosses the vehicle control threshold, AC50 represents the concentration at which 50% maximum effect is observed for each cell health parameter, and MR is the maximum response.

(527) The results show an equal amount of DNA damage (FIG. 13) at similar concentrations, despite the fact the PBD dimer cross-links DNA, but 41, and analogues, only mono-alkylate DNA. This degree of DNA damage may provide a rationale for the potent cytotoxicity observed for 73, 41, 76, 81, 88 and 93.

Example 160: Cell Cycle

(528) FIG. 16 shows a graph outlining cell cycle arrest induced by 41. Studies on the arrest of cell cycle indicate that 41 arrests at the G0/G1-S phase, a distinctly different mechanism of action to other DNA-interactive agents (e.g., PBD dimers.sup.[33] and the IGN mono-alkylator.sup.[34] which arrest cell cycle at the G2-M phase).

Examples 161: Conjugation of Compound 141 to IgG1 Antibody (Forming ADC1)

(529) 141 was conjugated to an IgG1 antibody targeted to Antigen X in a stochastic manner. FIG. 17 shows an SEC profile of Antibody X. 98.9% monomer, 1.0% dimer, and 0.1% LMW as indicated. The peak at about 23 minutes originates from the formulation of the antibody. FIG. 18 shows an HIC profile of Antibody X. FIG. 19 shows a PLRP trace of Antibody X. Heavy (H0) and light (L0) chain peaks as indicated.

(530) The antibody was of good quality with 98.9% monomer content (FIG. 17) and a single peak with a small shoulder on HIC (FIG. 18). PLRP showed the expected pattern for reduced Light and Heavy chain. The minor peaks eluting after the main L0 and H0 are likely the result of intrachain disulphide reduction (FIG. 19).

(531) DAR (Drug Antibody Ratio) assignment was possible through PLRP analysis (FIG. 21; average DAR calculated as 1.8 with the light/heavy chain species assigned as indicated) and is in good agreement with the value calculated by HIC using the integration highlighted in FIG. 20 (average DAR calculated as 1.9 with the DAR species assignments as indicated). The conjugation process caused no significant aggregation compared to the starting antibody. Dimer level was increased by 2.4%, but LMW remained the same. FIG. 22 shows an SEC profile of IgG1-141; 96.5% monomer, 3.4% dimer, 0.1% HMW as indicated No free toxin linker could be detected in the ADC sample (see FIG. 23).

Example 162: Conjugation of 82 to Trastuzumab (Forming ADC2)

(532) 141 was successfully conjugated to Trastuzumab (stochastic conjugation, DAR 1.9) and an isotype control antibody. DAR assignment was possible through HIC (FIG. 24A) and SEC analysis (FIG. 24B). Little hydrophobicity was observed.

Example 163: Site-Specific Conjugation (Forming ADC3)

(533) 141 was conjugated to a THIOMAB-based version of Trastuzumab (DAR 2). The THIOMAB antibody had a relatively low monomer content of 92.4% with 6.7% dimer (see FIG. 25). This was not unexpected and has been seen before with this antibody due to the formation of inter molecular disulfide bonds with the mutated cysteines. The HIC and PLRP profiles for the THIOMAB are shown in FIGS. 26 and 27 respectively.

(534) The THIOMAB-141 conjugate resolves reasonably well by hydrophobic interaction chromatography. An identification of DAR species is possible by using the relative absorbance at 280 and 330 nm to identify species with different drug loading or isomers of the same drug loading. The DAR 2 species appears in two overlapping peaks (same DAR confirmed by spectral comparison), and are almost fully resolved from the DAR 0. There is probably some DAR1 species as there is an inflection at the position this is expected; DAR 1 species clearly observed during development when underconjugation was achieved. The PLRP profile shows a high degree of site specific conjugation and a small amount of non-specific conjugation to the heavy chain because of incomplete re-oxidation of all SS bonds; typical of all THOMAB processes. The monomer level is higher than the starting antibody due to reduction of inter molecular SS bonds. FIG. 28 shows the HIC profile of THIOMAB-141. Average DAR calculated as 1.9 with the DAR species assignments as indicated. FIG. 29 shows the PLRP trace of THIOMAB-141. Average DAR calculated as 1.8 with the light/heavy chain species assigned as indicated. The peak labelled as H1? might contain L2 species. The conjugation process caused a sizable amount of dimerization and the formation of a small amount of high molecular weight aggregates (HMW). FIG. 30 shows the SEC profile of THIOMAB-141; 94.8% monomer, 4.8% dimer, 0.4% HMW as indicated.

Example 164: In Vitro Cytotoxicity of ADCs

(535) The resulting ADCs were evaluated in vitro against relevant antigen positive cell-lines.

(536) In the case of the ADC targeted to Antigen X (ADCs), potent cytotoxicity was observed.

(537) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Summary of in vitro cytotoxicity data derived for IgG1- based ADC targeted to Antigen X using 41 as the payload. IC.sub.50 (nM) Antigen Positive Antigen Positive Cell-Line 1 Cell-Line 2 IgG1-based ADC 5 day 0.67 0.47 (Average DAR = 2) incubation

(538) In the case of the trastuzumab-based ADC (ADC2), the ADC possessed potent activity in the antigen-positive cell-line (i.e., SK-BR-3) and no cell-killing was observed in both the JIMT-1 and MCF-7 cell-lines indicating the targeted effect of the ADC. Furthermore, potency of the free payload was enhanced through attachment to the antibody.

(539) TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Summary of in vitro cytotoxicity data derived for trastuzumab-based ADC using 41 as the payload. IC.sub.50 (nM) (72 hour incubation SK-BR-3 ZR75-1 (HER2++) MCF-7 (HER2+++) (Trastuzumab resistant) (HER2-) Trastuzumab 0.009 28.8 82.3 THIOMA based ADC (average DAR = 2) IgG1 control ADC 18 122.2 157 (average DAR = 2) Free Payload 0.086 0.63 0.289

(540) Finally, the THIOMAB-based ADC (ADC 3) possessed potent activity in the antigen-positive cell-line (i.e., SK-BR-3) and limited cell-killing was observed in both the ZR75-1 and MCF-7 cell-lines indicating the targeted effect of the ADC. Furthermore, potency of the free payload was enhanced through attachment to the antibody.

Example 165: In Vivo Tolerability of ADCs

(541) The maximum tolerated dose for ADC 3 was established as 9 mg/kg. The PBD dimer-based THIOMAB ADC was found to have an MTD of 4 mg/kg, suggesting enhanced tolerability of the mono-alkylating payload. The THIOMAB-141-based ADC possesses similar tolerability to the non-alkylating MMAE-based ADC. In this instance, loss of 15% of body weight was considered a toxic dose. FIG. 31 shows a graph illustrating dose tolerability of 141, PBD dimer (Talirine) and MMAE-based ADCs. The MTDs of the ADCs conjugated in a stochastic manner (i.e., ADCs 1 and 2) were found to be 6 mg/kg.

Example 166: In Vivo Efficacy

(542) FIG. 32 shows a graph illustrating mean tumour volume versus time after two doses of ADC 2 (Day 0 and Day 7). ADC2 was found to be highly efficacious in a cancer-derived xenograft model (in mice) expressing Target X, where complete tumour remission was observed out to a period of 38 days after two doses of the ADC. FIG. 33 shows a graph illustrating mean tumour volume of a PDX model versus time after two doses of ADC 2 (Day 0 and Day 14). Similarly, in the case of a PDX model expressing the same target, cytostasis was observed at 0.5 mg/kg after two doses.

Example 167: Materials and Methods for Examples 154 to 166

(543) DNA Fragments and Footprinting

(544) The preparation of the TyrT DNA fragment (FIG. 5) has been previously described [35]. Briefly, the sequence which had been cloned into the BamHI site of pUC18 was obtained by cutting with HindIII and EcoRI. Radiolabelled DNA fragments were prepared by filling in the 3-end of the HindIII site with [-.sup.32P]dATP using Klenow DNA polymerase (exo-).

(545) The radiolabelled DNA fragment was separated from the remainder of the plasmid DNA on a 6% non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel. The gel (20 cm long, 0.3 mm thick) was run at 400 V in 1TBE running buffer for about 1-2 h, until the bromophenol blue had run most of the way down the gel. The glass plates were separated and the position of the labelled DNA fragment was established by short (1 min) exposure to an X-ray film. The relevant band was then cut from the gel and the radiolabelled DNA eluted by adding 300 L 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5 containing 0.1 mM EDTA and gently agitating overnight at room temperature. The eluted DNA was finally precipitated with ethanol and re-suspended in a suitable volume of 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5 containing 0.1 mM EDTA buffer so as to give at least 10 counts per second/L on a hand-held Geiger counter. With fresh plasmid and -.sup.32P-dATP this process typically generated about 150 L of radiolabelled fragment DNA. The absolute concentration of the DNA is not important, and it is typically lower than 10 nM.

(546) Footprinting reactions were performed as previously described .sup.[36] using the DNA fragments HexA and HexB, which together contain all 64 symmetrical hexanucleotide sequences.sup.[6], and MS1 that contains all possible 134 tetranucleotide sequences .sup.[38]. The DNA fragments were obtained by cutting the parent plasmids with HindIII and SacI (for HexA and MS1) or EcoRI and PstI (for HexB), and were labelled at the 3-end of the HindIII or EcoRI sites with [-.sup.32P]dATP using reverse transcriptase or exo-Klenow fragment. After gel purification, the radiolabelled DNA was dissolved in 10 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5 containing 0.1 mM EDTA, at a concentration of about 10 c.p.s per L as determined on a hand held Geiger counter. 1.5 L of radiolabelled DNA was mixed with 1.5 L ligand that had been freshly diluted in 10 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5, containing 10 mM NaCl. The complexes were left to equilibrate for at least 12 hours before digesting with 2 L DNase I (final concentration about 0.01 units/mL). The reactions were stopped after 1 minute by adding 4 L of formamide containing 10 mM EDTA and bromophenol blue (0.1% w/v). The samples were then heated at 100 C. for 3 minutes before loading onto 8% denaturing polyacrylamide gels containing 8 M urea. Gels were fixed in 10% acetic acid, transferred to 3 MM paper, dried and exposed to a phosphor screen overnight, before analysing with a Typhoon phosphorimager

(547) Compounds

(548) 73, 41, 76, 81, 88 and 93 were synthesised as described above and the PBD dimer Talirine was obtained from a commercial source. Stock solution was prepared by dissolving the ligands in DMSO to give a concentration of 10 mM. From this stock solution, working solutions of the desired concentration were prepared by diluting with 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5 containing 10 mM NaCl.

(549) Cross-Linking Assay

(550) Radiolabelled DNA (1.5 L) was mixed with 1.5 L ligand solution of various concentrations (10 M-10 nM) and incubated overnight at 37 C.

(551) After overnight incubation, the samples were mixed with 7 L loading solution (80% formamide containing 10 mM EDTA, 10 mM NaOH, 0.1% bromophenol blue) and incubated at 65 C. for 5 min. Control 1 (C1) for native double-stranded DNA consisted of 1.5 L labelled DNA, 1.5 L 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5 containing 0.1 mM EDTA and 7 L 1 loading dye. Control 2 (C2) for denatured native single-stranded DNA was composed of 1.5 L labelled DNA, 1.5 L 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5 containing 0.1 mM EDTA which was incubated at 65 C. for 5 min. Control 3 (C3) for native double-stranded DNA consisted of 1.5 L labelled DNA, 1.5 L 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5 containing 0.1 mM EDTA and 7 L SSB. Control 4 (C4) for denatured native single-stranded DNA was composed of 1.5 L labelled DNA, 1.5 L 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5 containing 0.1 mM EDTA and 7 L SSB which was incubated at 65 C. for 5 min. Separation was performed on a 7.5% denaturing polyacrylamide gel (20 cm long, 0.3 mm thick) at 500 V for about 4 h until the dye reached the bottom of the gel. The gel plates were then separated, the gels fixed by immersing in 10% (v/v) acetic acid, followed by transfer to Whatmann 3 MM paper and drying under vacuum at 80 C. The dried gel was then exposed to a phosphorimager screen overnight before scanning using a Typhon FLA 7000 instrument.

(552) FRET Studies Methodology

(553) Oligonucleotides were obtained from ATDbio (Southampton, UK) in lyophilised form. They were labelled with a fluorophore molecule (F=fluorescein) at the 5-end and a quencher molecule (Q=dabcyl) at the 3-end of the complementary strand. Each oligonucleotide was dissolved in distilled H.sub.2O to form stock solutions of 100 M. Working solutions of 5 M were prepared by diluting the stock solution with distilled H.sub.2O.

(554) The following buffers were used: 250 mM phosphate buffer pH 7.4 (consisting of sodium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium phosphate diluted in distilled H.sub.2O) and 5 M sodium chloride buffer. All buffers and distilled H.sub.2O were filtered through a 0.2 VIM filter prior to use.

(555) For the FRET experiments stock solutions of 41, 106, 107 and 148 were prepared by dissolving the compounds in DMSO to give a concentration of 10 mM. From this stock solution, working solutions of the desired concentration were prepared by diluting the stock solution with distilled H.sub.2O.

(556) The reaction mixture was comprised of 4 L of 250 mM phosphate buffer (final concentration of 50 mM), 4 L flourophor and 4 L quencher molecule of the appropriate oligonucleotide for a final concentration of 0.2 M, 4 L 5 M sodium chloride (final concentration of 1 M NaCl), and 4 L of distilled H.sub.2O. This mixture was heated in an Eppendorf tube at 90 C. for 1 min and slowly cooled down to room temperature. This process was carried out to anneal the single strands to double-stranded DNA. Following this, 4 L of the ligand was added in the desired concentration and the mixture incubated overnight either at room temperature or 4 C. A control sample of DNA only was prepared by mixing 4 L 250 mM phosphate buffer (final concentration of 50 mM) with 4 L fluorophore-labelled and 4 L quencher-labelled oligonucleotides (of the appropriate sequence) to give a final concentration of 0.2 M, 4 L 5 M sodium chloride (final concentration of 1 M NaCl) and 4 L distilled H.sub.2O. This mixture was analysed without prior annealing.

(557) Fluorescence melting profiles were measured using a Roche LightCycler using a total reaction volume of 20 L. Initially, the samples were denatured by heating to 95 C. at a rate of 1 C. min.sup.1. The samples were then maintained at 95 C. for 5 min before annealing by cooling to 25 C. at 1 C. min.sup.1. The samples were then held at 25 C. for a further 5 min and finally melted by heating to 95 C. at 1 C. min.sup.1. Annealing steps and melting steps were all recorded and changes in fluorescence were measured at 520 nm.

(558) T.sub.m values were obtained from the first derivates of the melting profiles using the Roche LightCycler software.

(559) MTT Cytotoxicity (Example 154)

(560) Tumor cell lines were maintained in RPMI1640 medium supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum, 2 mM L-glutamine and 1 mM sodium pyruvate. 1800 cells per well were seeded in a volume of 180 l in a 96-well flat bottom polystyrene plate. The cells were allowed to adhere overnight at 37 C. in a CO.sub.2 incubator. Ligands were initially formulated in DMSO, and stocks stored at 80 C. They were then further formulated at lox concentration in RPMI1640 medium. 20 ul of diluted samples were added into each treatment well. On each plate, blank wells with no cells, and untreated wells containing cells, were included. Plates were then cultured at 37 C. in a CO.sub.2 incubator for 72 hrs. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using a tetrazolium salt-based assay, the MIT assay. After 72 hours, the supernatant was removed from each well and 200 l of a sterile filtered 500 g/ml MTT solution in water added to each well. The plates were then incubated at 37 C. in a CO.sub.2 incubator for 4 hrs. The supernatant was then removed and the formazan crystals formed solubilized by adding 150 l of DMSO to each well. The plate was then read on a plate reader at 540 nm, and percentage cell survival calculated as follows: ((mean absorbance treated wells at concentration xmean absorbance blank wells)(mean absorbance untreated wells at concentration xmean absorbance blank wells))100. Data were plotted as concentration in nM vs. % cell survival in Microsoft Excel, and IC.sub.50 values (concentration where cell survival is reduced by a half) were determined from the graph.

(561) H2ax Assay and Cell Cycle Arrest

(562) HepG2 cells were plated on 96-well tissue culture treated black walled clear bottomed polystyrene plates, 100 L per well. The cells were dosed with test compound at a range of concentrations. At the end of the incubation period, the cells were loaded with the relevant dye/antibody for each cell health marker. The plates were then scanned using an automated fluorescent cellular imager, ArrayScan (Thermo Scientific Cellomics).

(563) Cytotoxicity and DNA damage were assessed using a multi-parametric approach using High Content Screening (HCS). Decreased cell count is a direct indication of toxicity, but many molecules cause sub-lethal toxicities that do not cause changes in cell viability over the incubation period. This assay scores compounds across direct and indirect measures of toxicity. An increase in DNA damage (p-H2AX) indicates a rise in the number of double strand breaks (DSBs). DSBs cause the phosphorylation of the histone H2AX at Ser139. DSBs are an indication of genotoxicity and can lead to apoptosis (programmed cell death). Cell cycle arrest was determined as the ratio of G0/G1(2N) to G2/M(4N), where an increase is linked to G0/G1 arrest and a decreases is linked to G2/M arrest.

(564) Transcription Factor Plate Array Assay

(565) The transcription factor plate array assay kit was obtained from Signosis Inc (USA). Briefly, 2106 HeLa cells were treated with 100 nM 41 and incubated for 6 hours before extracting the nuclear protein and carrying out the TF plate array assay. The assay was carried out following the manufacturer's protocol. In the case of each transcription factor, the RLU value obtained for the cells treated with 41 was deducted from the respective values obtained for the untreated cells to obtain the differences in TF activation/inhibition.

(566) Conjugation of Payload to Antibody

(567) All ADC conjugations were completed using a similar methodology, an example of which is provided below. 21.5 mg IgG1 antibody (8.0 mg/ml in PBS) were charged with EDTA to a final concentration of 2 mM. Reduction was attained by adding 1.27 molar equivalents TCEP (10 mM in water) and incubating for 2 hours at 20 C. After 1.5 hours, a reduction in-process test conjugation with Mal-vcMMAE was performed, and analyzed by HIC to test for the reduction level. As the target reduction level had not been reached, another 0.1 molar equivalents TCEP were added and the reduction time extended by 1 hour. After 0.5 hours, a second in-process test was run. After confirmation of the desired reduction level, 20% (v/v) Propylene glycol was added to the reduced antibody followed by 6.4 molar equivalents 141 (10 mM stock in DMSO). The solution was incubated for 1 hour at it. The reaction was quenched by adding 6.4 molar equivalents N-Acetylcysteine (10 mM in water). The ADC was buffer exchanged via G25 into PBS and washed by dead-end filtration (Vivaspin-20, 30 kDa MWCO, 0.0006 m.sup.2) for 10 DVs. Samples were taken for analysis by HIC, SEC, PLRP, free toxin linker, Endosafe, and the concentration was determined using a SEC calibration curve. Aliquotting was carried out under laminar flow, and the product was stored at 80 C. Only disposable, sterile and pyrogen/DNA/RNA-free plasticware was used.

(568) In Vivo Efficacy Studies

(569) In vivo efficacy and tolerability studies were performed using adaptations of the same basic protocol. An example of this is provided below:

(570) Antitumour activity of the selected ADCs was assessed in tumour xenograft models (both cancer-derived and patient-derived) obtained by inoculation of the relevant cell-line (e.g., SK-BR-3 in the case of ADC1) in nude mice (CD-1 or appropriate depending on the cell-line).

(571) Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of the relevant ADC was established on 3-5 CD1 mice (or equivalent) at four concentrations (e.g., 2.5 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 7.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) through IV administration once per week for a period of four weeks. Once the MTD was determined, an efficacy study was initiated at doses under the maximum tolerated dose.

(572) Briefly, tumours were implanted onto the flank of the mice using a 23-gauge needle, and were randomly assigned to groups (e.g., control or ADC). After implantation, tumours were measured 3 times per week using digital calipers. The length and width of the tumour was measured and volume calculated using the following formula: volume=(lengthwidth.sup.2)/2. The bodyweight of all mice on the study was measured and recorded 3 times per week. Mice were observed daily and any signs of distress or changes to general condition (e.g., starred fur, lack of movement, difficulty breathing). Specific criteria were set for early termination, and this only occurred if tumour volume exceeded 1500 mm.sup.3, weight loss of 15% occurred or animals became compromised (e.g., inability to eat/drink).

(573) Mice were housed in IVC cages (5 mice per cage) with individual mice identified by ear punch. Cages, bedding and water were sanitized before use. Animals were provided with Corn-o-cobs enrichment bedding to provide environment enrichment and nesting material. All animals had free access to a standard certified commercial diet and water. The animal holding room was maintained as followsroom temperature at 20-24 C., humidity at 30-70% and a 12 h light/dark cycle used. Cages were changed once a week with food and water replaced when necessary. All procedures were carried out under the guidelines of the Animal (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986.

(574) All publications mentioned in the above specification are herein incorporated by reference. Although illustrative embodiments of the invention have been disclosed in detail herein, with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is understood that the invention is not limited to the precise embodiment and that various changes and modifications can be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. References: 1. Antonow, D., and Thurston, D. E. (2011) Chem Rev 111, 2815-2864. 2. Cipolla, L., Araujo, A. C., Airoldi, C., and Bini, D. (2009) Anticancer Agents Med Chem 9, 1-31. 3. Gerratana, B. (2012) Med Res Rev 32, 254-293. 4. Hartley, J. A. (2011) Expert Opin Investig Drugs 20, 733-744. 5. Kamal, A., Reddy, K. L., Devaiah, V., Shankaraiah, N., and Reddy, D. R. (2006) Mini Rev Med Chem 6, 53-69. 6. Hurley, L. H., Reck, T., Thurston, D. E., Langley, D. R., Holden, K. G., Hertzberg, R. P., Hoover, J. R., Gallagher, G., Jr., Faucette, L. F., Mong, S. M., (1988) Chem Res Toxicol 1, 258-268. 7. Wells, G., Martin, C. R., Howard, P. W., Sands, Z. A., Laughton, C. A., Tiberghien, A., Woo, C. K., Masterson, L. A., Stephenson, M. J., Hartley, J. A., Jenkins, T. C., Shnyder, S. D., Loadman, P. M., Waring, M. J., and Thurston, D. E. (2006) J Med Chem 49, 5442-5461. 8. Brucoli, F., Hawkins, R. M., James, C. H., Jackson, P. J., Wells, G., Jenkins, T. C., Ellis, T., Kotecha, M., Hochhauser, D., Hartley, J. A., Howard, P. W., and Thurston, D. E. (2013) J Med Chem 56, 6339-6351. 9. Kotecha, M., Kluza, J., Wells, G., O'Hare, C. C., Forni, C., Mantovani, R., Howard, P. W., Morris, P., Thurston, D. E., Hartley, J. A., and Hochhauser, D. (2008) Mol Cancer Ther 7, 1319-1328. 10. Puvvada, M. S., Hartley, J. A., Jenkins, T. C., and Thurston, D. E. (1993) Nucleic Acids Res 21, 3671-3675. 11. Clingen, P. H., De Silva, I. U., McHugh, P. J., Ghadessy, F. J., Tilby, M. J., Thurston, D. E., and Hartley, J. A. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res 33, 3283-3291. 12. Puvvada, M. S., Forrow, S. A., Hartley, J. A., Stephenson, P., Gibson, I., Jenkins, T. C., and Thurston, D. E. (1997) Biochemistry 36, 2478-2484. 13. Barkley, M. D., Cheatham, S., Thurston, D. E., and Hurley, L. H. (1986) Biochemistry 25, 3021-3031. 14. Seifert, J., Pezeshki, S., Kamal, A., and Weisz, K. (2012) Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 10, 6850-6860. 15. Smellie, M., Bose, D. S., Thompson, A. S., Jenkins, T. C., Hartley, J. A., and Thurston, D. E. (2003) Biochemistry 42, 8232-8239. 16. Kopka, M. L., Goodsell, D. S., Baikalov, I., Grzeskowiak, K., Cascio, D., and Dickerson, R. E. (1994) Biochemistry 33, 13593-13610. 17. Kizu, R., Draves, P. H., and Hurley, L. H. (1993) Biochemistry 32, 8712-8722. 18. Leimgruber, W., Stefanovic, V., Schenker, F., Karr, A., and Berger, J. (1965) J Am Chem Soc 87, 5791-5793. 19. Arima, K., Kosaka, M., Tamura, G., Imanaka, H., and Sakai, H. (1972) J Antibiot (Tokyo) 25, 437-444. 20. Sato, S., Iwata, F., Yamada, S., Kawahara, H., and Katayama, M. (2011) Bioorg Med Chem Lett 21, 7099-7101. 21. Thurston D. E. and Bose D. S., Chem Rev (1994); 94:433-465. 22. Damayanthi, Y., et al.; Journal of Organic Chemistry (1999), 64, 290-292; 23. Kumar, et al., Heterocyclic Communications (2002) 8, 19-26. 24. Kumar, R, Lown, J. W.; Oncology Research, (2003) 13, 221-233. 25. Baraldi, P. G. et al., Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (1999) 42, 5131-5141. 26. Wells, G., et al., Proc. Am. Assoc. Canc. Res. (2003) 44, 452. 27. Thurston, D. E.; Howard, P. W. WO 2004/043963. 28. Bose, D. S., Thompson, A. S., Ching, J. S., Hartley, J. A., Berardini, M. D., Jenkins, T. C., Neidele, S., Hurley, L. H., and Thurston, D. E. (1992) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114, 4939. 29. Wu, J., Clingen, P. H., Spanswick, V. J., Mellinas-Gomez, M., Meyer, T., Puzanov, I., Jodrell, D., Hochhauser, D., and Hartley, J. A. (2013) Clin Cancer Res 19, 721-730. 30. Jenkins, T. C., Hurley, L. H., Neidle, S., and Thurston, D. E. (1994) J Med Chem 37, 4529-4537. 31. Hochhauser, D., Meyer, T., Spanswick, V. J., Wu, J., Clingen, P. H., Loadman, P., Cobb, M., Gumbrell, L., Begent, R. H., Hartley, J. A., Jodrell, D., (2009) Clin Cancer Res 15, 2140-2147. 32. A. J. Hampshire, D. A. Rusling, V. J. Broughton-Head, K. R. Fox, Methods 2007, 42, 128-140. 33. M. J. Flynn, F. Zammarchi, P. C. Tyrer, A. U. Akarca, N. Janghra, C. E. Britten, C. E. Havenith, J. N. Levy, A. Tiberghien, L. A. Masterson, C. Barry, F. D'Hooge, T. Marafioti, P. W. Parren, D. G. Williams, P. W. Howard, P. H. van Berkel, J. A. Hartley, Mol Cancer Ther 2016, 15, 2709-2721. 34. M. L. Miller, N. E. Fishkin, W. Li, K. R. Whiteman, Y. Kovtun, E. E. Reid, K. E. Archer, E. K. Maloney, C. A. Audette, M. F. Mayo, A. Wilhelm, H. A. Modafferi, R. Singh, J. Pinkas, V. Goldmacher, J. M. Lambert, R. V. Chari, Mol Cancer Ther 2016, 15, 1870-1878. 35. H. R. Drew, A. A. Travers, Cell 1984, 37, 491-502. 36. A. J. Hampshire, D. A. Rusling, V. J. Broughton-Head, K. R. Fox, Methods 2007, 42, 128-140.E 37. A. J. Hampshire, K. R. Fox, Anal. Biochem. 2008, 374, 298-303. 38. M. Lavesa, K. R. Fox, Anal. Biochem. 2001, 293, 246-250.

Example 168

(575) A tetrahydroisoquinolinebenzodiazepine (QBD) derivative consists of a four-ring system (6-7-6-6), but alkylates DNA in an identical manner to the PBD .sup.[3]. It can be synthesised in the following manner, and then coupled to the DNA-interactive side-chain using standard amide-coupling conditions.

(576) General Synthetic Scheme for QBD (R Represents Side-Chain):

(577) ##STR00239## ##STR00240## ##STR00241##
General Remarks

(578) Unless otherwise stated, all reagents were purchased from standard commercial suppliers and used as purchased. Solvents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (UK) and Fisher Scientific (UK). Anhydrous reactions were carried out in pre-oven-dried glassware under an inert atmosphere of nitrogen or argon. Anhydrous solvents were used as purchased without further drying. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) was performed on silica gel aluminium plates (Merck 60, F.sub.254), and flash column chromatography was carried out either manually, using silica gel (Merck 9385, 230-400 mesh ASTM, 40-63 M) (whilst monitoring by thin layer chromatography: UV (254 nm) and an aqueous alkaline solution of potassium permanganate as stain), or using a Grace Reveleris X2 automated Flash Chromatography System. All NMR spectra were obtained at room temperature using a Bruker DPX400 spectrometer, for which chemical shifts are expressed in ppm relative to the solvent and coupling constants are expressed in Hz. Microwave reactions were carried out on an Anton Paar Monowave 300 microwave synthesis reactor. Yields refer to isolated material (homogeneous by TLC or NMR) unless otherwise stated and names are assigned according to IUPAC nomenclature. All Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (LCMS) analysis was performed on a Waters Alliance 2695 with water (A) and acetonitrile (B) comprising the mobile phases. Formic acid (0.1%) was added to both acetonitrile and water to ensure acidic conditions throughout the analysis. Function type: Diode array (535 scans). Column type: Monolithic C18 504.60 mm. Mass spectrometry data were collected using a Waters Micromass ZQ instrument coupled to a Waters 2695 HPLC with a Waters 2996 PDA. Waters Micromass ZQ parameters used were: Capillary (kV), 3.38; Cone (V), 35; Extractor (V), 3.0; Source temperature ( C.), 100; De-solvation Temperature ( C.), 200; Cone flow rate (L/h), 50; De-solvation flow rate (L/h), 250. LCMS gradient conditions are described as follows.

(579) Method A (10 min): from 95% A/5% B to 50% B over 3 min. Then from 50% B to 80% B over 2 min. Then from 80% B to 95% B over 1.5 min and held constant for 1.5 min. This was then reduced to 5% B over 0.2 min and maintained to 5% B for 1.8 min. The flow rate was 0.5 mL/min, 200 L was split via a zero dead volume T piece which passed into the mass spectrometer. The wavelength range of the UV detector was 220-400 nm.

(580) Method B (5 min): from 95% A/5% B to 90% B over 3 min. Then from 90% B to 95% B over 0.5 min and held constant for 1 min. This was then reduced to 5% B over 0.5 min. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, 100 jut was split via a zero dead volume T piece which passed into the mass spectrometer. The wavelength range of the UV detector was 220-500 nm.

(581) Method C (5 min): from 95% A/5% B, which was increased to 90% B over 3 min and to 95% B over a further 0.5 min. The gradient was then held at 95% B for 1 min and then returned to 5% B over 0.5 min. The total duration of the run was 5 minutes and the solvent flow rate was 1 mL/min, 100 jut was split via a zero dead volume T piece which passed into the mass spectrometer. The wavelength range of the UV detector was 220-500 nm.

Example 169: Methyl (S)-2-(4-(benzyloxy)-5-methoxy-2-nitrobenzoyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylate (150)

(582) ##STR00242##

(583) A mixture of 4-(benzyloxy)-5-methoxy-2-nitrobenzoic acid (149) (2.0 g, 6.6 mmol), oxalyl chloride (1.70 mL, 19.8 mmol) and anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (2 drops) in anhydrous dichloromethane (40 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. Anhydrous toluene (8 mL) was added to the reaction mixture which was then concentrated in vacuo. A solution of the resulting residue in anhydrous dichloromethane (10 mL) was added dropwise to a solution of methyl (S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylate (1.65 g, 7.26 mmol) and triethylamine (2.0 mL, 14.5 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (30 mL), at 10 C. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h and then washed with hydrochloric acid (i. M, 20 mL) and brine (20 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 30%), to give the title compound (2.5 g, 79%) as a yellow oil.

(584) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.49-7.42 (m, 6H), 7.24-7.19 (m, 5H), 5.25 (s, 2H), 4.64-4.60 (m, 1H), 4.38-4.26 (m, 2H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.58 (s, 3H), 3.33-3.23 (m, 2H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 170.8, 170.3, 154.6, 148.4, 135.3, 133.5, 130.5, 130.1, 128.9, 128.8, 128.6, 128.4, 127.7, 127.4, 126.7, 109.3, 109.1, 71.4, 56.8, 52.6, 31.8, 31.0, 30.5; MS (ES+): m/z=477 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.10 min.

Example 170: (S)-(4-(Benzyloxy)-5-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)(3-(hydroxymethyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)methanone (151)

(585) ##STR00243##

(586) A solution of methyl (S)-2-(4-(benzyloxy)-5-methoxy-2-nitrobenzoyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylate (150) (2.4 g, 5.0 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (48 mL) was charged with a solution of lithium borohydride (2 M in tetrahydrofuran, 3.8 mL, 8.7 mmol) at 0 C. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. Water (150 mL) was added dropwise at 0 C. and the reaction mixture was then extracted with ethyl acetate (2100 mL). The combined organic extracts were then concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 30%), to give the title compound (2.2 g, 97%) as creamy oil.

(587) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.42-7.39 (m, 4H), 7.36-7.34 (m, 5H), 7.30 (s, 1H), 7.29 (s, 1H), 5.17 (s, 2H), 4.62 (s, 1H), 4.36-4.25 (m, 1H), 4.23-4.16 (m, 2H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 3.70-3.63 (m, 1H), 3.58-3.50 (m, 1H), 3.05-2.97 (m, 2H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 168.2, 150.2, 148.3, 133.7, 128.9, 128.9, 128.8, 128.6, 127.7, 127.6, 127.5, 127.0, 126.5, 114.4, 110.6, 108.9, 103.9, 91.6, 71.4, 65.4, 54.4, 33.3; MS (ES+): m/z=449 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.78 min.

Example 171: (S)-(2-Amino-4-(benzyloxy)-5-methoxyphenyl)(3-(hydroxymethyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)methanone (152)

(588) ##STR00244##

(589) A solution of (S)-(4-(benzyloxy)-5-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)(3-(hydroxymethyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)methanone (151) (2.20 g, 4.90 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (50 mL) and methanol (50 mL) was charged with iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (0.80 g, 2.90 mmol), activated charcoal (2.60 g, 221 mmol) and hydrazine (2.90 mL, 58.9 mmol). The reaction mixture was then stirred at reflux (85 C.) for 16 h. The mixture was subsequently allowed to cool to room temperature and filtered through a plug of celite. The filter cake was washed with ethyl acetate and methanol and then concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (1.7 g, 83%) as brown solid.

(590) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD) 7.48 (s, 1H), 7.46 (s, 1H), 7.41-7.33 (m, 4H), 7.20-7.18 (m, 3H), 6.84 (s, 1H), 6.56 (s, 1H), 5.11 (s, 2H), 4.61 (s, 1H), 4.54-4.40 (m, 1H), 3.77 (s, 3H), 3.62-3.54 (m, 2H), 3.19 (dd, J=16.2, 5.9 Hz, 2H), 2.92-2.80 (m, 2H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, MeOD) 169.1, 149.8, 141.0, 135.5, 130.7, 129.0, 128.7, 128.6, 128.5, 128.4, 128.2, 127.4, 127.0, 126.7, 110.1, 109.1, 71.0, 68.7, 64.8, 56.4, 50.3, 27.9; MS (ES+): m/z=419 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.50 min.

Example 172: Allyl (S)-(5-(benzyloxy)-2-(3-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-2-carbonyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)carbamate (153)

(591) ##STR00245##

(592) A solution of (S)-(2-amino-4-(benzyloxy)-5-methoxyphenyl)(3-(hydroxymethyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)methanone (152) (1.50 g, 3.6 mmol) and anhydrous pyridine (696 L, 8.97 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (50 mL) at 10 C. was slowly charged with a solution of allylchloroformate (343 L, 3.23 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (30 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min and then sequentially washed with a saturated aqueous solution of copper (II) sulfate (50 mL), water (50 mL) and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (50 mL). The organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 20%), to give the title compound (1.47 g, 81%) as an off-white solid.

(593) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD) 8.14 (s, 1H), 7.81 (s, 1H), 7.51 (s, 1H), 7.49 (s, 1H), 7.42-7.32 (m, 4H), 7.23-7.17 (m, 3H), 6.82 (s, 1H), 5.97-5.87 (m, 1H), 5.33 (dq, J=17.2, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 5.22 (dq, J=10.6, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 5.19 (s, 2H), 4.68-4.64 (m, 1H), 4.61 (dd, J=5.5, 1.3 Hz, 2H), 4.44 (br. s, 2H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 3.70-3.64 (m, 1H), 3.21-3.15 (m, 1H), 2.74 (br. s, 1H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 169.4, 152.9, 148.7, 144.1, 140.1, 135.3, 131.4, 130.5, 129.1, 128.1, 127.5, 127.0, 126.7, 125.9, 125.5, 117.9, 116.8, 109.6, 105.7, 69.7, 67.4, 66.0, 64.7, 55.3, 53.8, 26.8; MS (ES+): m/z=503 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.95 min.

Example 173: Allyl (6aS)-3-(benzyloxy)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-14-oxo-6,6a,7,12-tetrahydrobenzo[5,6][1,4]diazepino[1,2-b]isoquinoline-5(14H)-carboxylate (154)

(594) ##STR00246##

(595) A solution of allyl (S)-(5-(benzyloxy)-2-(3-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-2-carbonyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)carbamate (153) (1.4 g, 2.78 mmol) in dichloromethane (80 mL) was charged with 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (44 mg, 0.28 mmol) and (diacetoxyiodo)benzene (1.0 g, 3.33 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h and was then sequentially washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium metabisulfite (40 mL), a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (40 mL), water (30 mL) and brine (30 mL). The organic layer was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 20%), to give the title compound (1.2 g, 86%) as an off-white solid.

(596) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.44-7.31 (m, 6H), 7.28-7.26 (m, 5H), 6.72 (s, 1H), 5.70-5.61 (m, 1H), 5.31 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 1H), 5.20-5.17 (m, 1H), 5.11-5.07 (m, 3H), 4.83 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.58 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.48-4.34 (m, 2H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.74-3.69 (m, 1H), 3.17-3.05 (m, 2H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 169.0, 149.0, 136.2, 134.3, 133.7, 131.8, 126.7, 128.2, 127.9, 127.8, 127.3, 126.7, 118.1, 114.0, 111.2, 84.8, 71.0, 66.7, 56.2, 53.5, 50.8, 44.3, 30.2; MS (ES+): m/z=501 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.80 min.

Example 174: Allyl (6aS)-3,6-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-14-oxo-6,6a,7,12-tetrahydrobenzo[5,6][1,4]diazepino[1,2-b]isoquinoline-5 (14H)-carboxylate (155)

(597) ##STR00247##

(598) A solution of allyl (6aS)-3-(benzyloxy)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-14-oxo-6,6a,7,12-tetrahydrobenzo[5,6][1,4]diazepino[1,2-b]isoquinoline-5(14H)-carboxylate (154) (1.10 g, 2.20 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (20 mL) was charged with a solution of boron trichloride (1 M in hexane, 4.4 mL, 4.4 mmol) at 78 C. The resulting mixture was stirred for 5 h at 78 C. and then quenched via dropwise addition of water (5 mL). An aqueous acetic acid solution (50 mL) was added to adjust to pH=3, and the resulting mixture was then extracted with ethyl acetate (260 mL). The combined organic extracts were then concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (silica), eluting with acetone/dichloromethane (from 0% to 30%), to give the title compound (860 mg, 95%) as a pale yellow solid.

(599) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.29-7.26 (m, 6H), 6.76 (s, 1H), 6.02 (s, 1H), 5.84-5.75 (m, 1H), 5.34-5.31 (m, 1H), 5.17-5.13 (m, 2H), 4.83 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.64-4.56 (m, 2H), 4.46-4.43 (m, 1H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 3.75-3.70 (m, 1H), 3.19-3.06 (m, 2H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 169.0, 159.4, 148.0, 146.0, 134.3, 133.7, 131.8, 127.9, 127.8, 127.3, 126.7, 118.1, 115.3, 110.6, 84.8, 66.8, 56.3, 44.3, 31.0, 30.2; MS (ES+): m/z=411 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.15 min.

Example 175: Allyl (6aS)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-3-(4-methoxy-4-oxobutoxy)-14-oxo-6,6a,7,12-tetrahydrobenzo[5,6][1,4]diazepino[1,2-b]isoquinoline-5(14H)-carboxylate (156)

(600) ##STR00248##

(601) A solution of allyl (6aS)-3,6-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-14-oxo-6,6a,7,12-tetrahydrobenzo[5,6][1,4]diazepino[1,2-b]isoquinoline-5(14H)-carboxylate (155) (300 mg, 0.73 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (3 mL) was charged with methyl 4-bromobutanoate (166 L, 1.31 mmol) and potassium carbonate (151 mg, 1.10 mmol) and stirred at room temperature under an inert atmosphere of argon for 20 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (30 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (320 mL). The combined organic extracts were then washed with brine (20 mL), dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (368 mg, 99%) as a yellow oil, which was carried through to the subsequent step without further purification.

(602) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.30 (s, 5H), 6.75 (br. s, 1H), 5.86-5.74 (m, 1H), 5.38 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 1H), 5.13 (d, J=11.3 Hz, 2H) 4.83 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.43 (br. s, 1H), 4.08 (q, J=5.9 Hz, 2H), 3.94-3.91 (m, 3H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.50 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 2H) 3.07-3.20 (m, 2H), 2.56-2.59 (m, 2H), 2.25-2.17 (m, 4H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 173.3, 172.9, 169.0, 148.7, 134.3, 133.8, 131.9, 127.7, 127.7, 127.1, 126.6, 124.9, 117.7, 113.6, 111.1, 84.7, 67.9, 66.5, 56.0, 55.8, 51.6, 51.6, 44.2, 32.6, 30.3, 27.7, 24.2; MS (ES+): m/z=511 (M+H).sup.+, MS (ES): m/z=509 (M1).sup.; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.63 min, LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=6.97 min.

Example 176: Allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-methoxy-4-oxobutoxy)-14-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,12-tetrahydrobenzo[5,6][1,4]diazepino[1,2-b]isoquinoline-5(14H)-carboxylate (157)

(603) ##STR00249##

(604) A solution of allyl (6aS)-6-hydroxy-2-methoxy-3-(4-methoxy-4-oxobutoxy)-14-oxo-6,6a,7,12-tetrahydrobenzo[5,6][1,4]diazepino[1,2-b]isoquinoline-5(14H)-carboxylate (156) (367 mg, 0.72 mmol) in ethyl acetate (2 mL) was charged with p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (3.7 mg, 1% w/w) and 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran (657 L, 7.20 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 h, then diluted with ethyl acetate (15 mL) and subsequently washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate (10 mL), water (15 mL) and brine (15 mL), dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Column chromatography (silica gel), eluting ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (50%, isocratic) afforded the title compound (390 mg, 91%) as a light-yellow gel.

(605) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.73-7.70 (m, 1H), 7.56-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.30-7.28 (m, 1H), 7.23 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (s, 1H), 6.60 (s, 1H), 5.81-5.63 (m, 1H), 5.46 (d, J=9.4 Hz, 1H), 5.11-5.03 (m, 2H), 4.79 (d, J=15.6 Hz, 1H), 4.74-4.48 (m, 2H), 4.48-4.31 (m, 1H), 4.28-4.18 (m, 2H), 4.06 (q, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.63-3.51, (m, 2H), 3.25-3.17 (m, 1H), 3.12-3.05 (m, 1H), 2.62-2.47 (m, 2H), 2.26-2.10 (m, 2H), 1.90-1.65 (m, 3H), 1.58 (d, J=10.9 Hz, 3H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 173.4, 169.2, 167.7, 149.2, 134.7, 132.4, 130.8, 128.8, 126.5, 117.2, 117.1, 114.5, 113.9, 111.2, 110.8, 99.9, 90.2, 67.7, 68.1, 66.3, 63.6, 56.1, 51.6, 44.2, 31.1, 30.4, 28.9, 25.2, 23.7, 23.0, 20.1, 10.9; MS (ES+): m/z=595 (M+H).sup.+; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=4.35 min, LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=8.27 min.

Example 177: 4-(((6aS)-5-((Allyloxy)carbonyl)-2-methoxy-14-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-5,6,6a,7,12,14-hexahydrobenzo[5,6][1,4]diazepino[1,2-b]isoquinolin-3-yl)oxy)butanoic acid (158)

(606) ##STR00250##

(607) A solution of allyl (6aS)-2-methoxy-3-(4-methoxy-4-oxobutoxy)-14-oxo-6-((tetrahydro-2H-Pyran-2-yl)oxy)-6,6a,7,12-tetrahydrobenzo[5,6][1,4]diazepino[1,2-b]isoquinoline-5(141n-carboxylate (157) (332 mg, 0.55 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (1 mL) was charged with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (1 M, 1.20 mL, 1.2 mmol) and stirred at room temperature for 15 h. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo, whereupon water (10 mL) was added and the suspension was acidified to pH=1 with an aqueous solution of citric acid (1 M). The aqueous layer was then extracted with ethyl acetate (315 mL) and the combined organic extracts were then washed with brine (15 mL) and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound (278 mg, 87%) as a white solid.

(608) .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 7.78-7.69 (m, 1H), 7.60-7.53 (m, 1H), 7.32-7.30 (m, 1H), 7.30 (br. s, 1H), 6.89 (s, 1H), 6.61 (br. s, 1H), 5.82-5.62 (m, 1H), 5.47 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 1H), 5.13-5.03 (m, 2H), 4.82 (d, J=16.0 Hz, 1H), 4.73-4.55 (m, 2H), 4.30-4.20 (m, 2H), 4.18-4.06 (m, 2H), 3.99 (dd, J=10.7, 5.3 Hz, 1H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.80-3.68 (m, 1H), 3.60 (br. s, 1H), 3.21 (d, J=3.1 Hz, 1H), 3.15-3.08 (m, 1H), 2.61 (q, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.18 (quin, J=6.6 Hz, 2H), 1.89-1.67 (m, 3H), 1.65-1.53 (m, 3H); .sup.13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 177.8, 169.4, 169.4, 167.8, 149.2, 149.0, 134.6, 132.4, 130.9, 128.8, 127.7, 127.5, 126.8, 126.5, 117.2, 68.1, 67.6, 66.3, 63.3, 56.1, 44.2, 38.7, 31.1, 30.3, 28.9, 25.3, 23.7, 23.0, 20.0, 14.0, 10.9; MS (ES+): m/z=581 (M+H).sup.+, MS (ES): m/z=579 (M1).sup.; LCMS (Method B): t.sub.R=3.93 min, LCMS (Method A): t.sub.R=7.53 min.

Example 178

(609) An indolinobenzodiazepine (IBD) is a synthetic analogue of a PBD and consists of a four-ring system (6-7-5-6 ring system) .sup.[4]. It alkylates DNA in an identical manner to the PBD. It can be synthesised using the following methodology, and then coupled to a DNA-reactive side-chain using standard amide-coupling conditions.

(610) General Synthetic Scheme for IBD (R Represents Side-Chain):

(611) ##STR00251## ##STR00252## ##STR00253##

Example 179

(612) General Synthetic Scheme for an IGN (R Represents Side-Chain):

(613) ##STR00254## ##STR00255## ##STR00256##

Example 180

(614) General Synthetic Scheme of a PBD (R Represents Side-Chain):

(615) ##STR00257## ##STR00258##

Example 181

(616) General Synthetic Scheme of a C2-Exo PBD (R Represents Side-Chain):

(617) ##STR00259## ##STR00260##

REFERENCES

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