Process for producing dyed mixed fibres, dyed mixed fibre yarns and/or dyed mixed fibre textile fabrics

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for producing dyed mixed fibres (D-MF), dyed mixed fibre yarns (D-MY) and/or dyed mixed fibre textile fabrics (D-MT) in which mixed fibres (MF), mixed fibre yarns (MY) and/or mixed fibre textile fabrics (MT) comprising at least one polyester fibre (PF) and at least one further fibre (FF) are simultaneously contacted with at least two different dyes (D1) and (D2) at a temperature T.sub.D<130 C. The at least one polyester fibre (PF) comprises 80 to 99.5% by weight of at least one terephthalate polyester (A), 0.5 to 20% by weight of at least one aliphatic-aromatic polyester (B) and 0 to 5% by weight of at least one additive (C), wherein the % by weight are based in each case on the total weight of components (A), (B) and optionally (C). Moreover, the present invention relates to the dyed mixed fibres (D-MF), the dyed mixed fibre yarns (D-MY) and/or the dyed mixed fibre textile fabrics (D-MT) obtained by this process.

Claims

1. A process for producing dyed mixed fibers (D-MF), dyed mixed fiber yarns (D-MY) and/or dyed mixed fiber textile fabrics (D-MT) comprising the following steps a) to d) a) providing at least one polyester fiber (PF) comprising 80 to 99.5% by weight of at least one terephthalate polyester (A), 0.5 to 20% by weight of at least one aliphatic-aromatic polyester (B) obtained by polymerization of at least the following monomers: (m1) at least one aliphatic 1,-diol, (m2) at least one aliphatic 1,-dicarboxylic acid compound and (m3) at least one aromatic 1,-dicarboxylic acid compound, and 0 to 5% by weight of at least one additive (C), wherein the % by weight are based in each case on the total weight of components (A), (B) and optionally (C), b) providing at least one further fiber (FF) different from the at least one polyester fiber (PF), c) processing the at least one polyester fiber (PF) and the at least one further fiber (FF) to obtain mixed fibers (MF), mixed fiber yarns (MY) and/or mixed fiber textile fabrics (MT), wherein the mixed fibers (MF), the mixed fiber yarns (MY) and the mixed fiber textile fabrics (MT) comprise the at least one polyester fiber (PF) and the at least one further fiber (FF), and d) contacting the mixed fibers (MF), the mixed fiber yarns (MY) and/or the mixed fiber textile fabrics (MT) simultaneously with at least two different dyes (D1) and (D2) at a temperature TD.sub.D<130 C. to obtain dyed mixed fibers (D-MF), dyed mixed fiber yarns (D-MY) and/or dyed mixed fiber textile fabrics (D-MT).

2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the at least two different dyes (D1) and (D2) are selected from anionic, cationic, vat and disperse dyes.

3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the at least one terephthalate polyester (A) is at least one polyester selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).

4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the at least one aliphatic 1,-diol (m1) is butane-1,4-diol.

5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the at least one aliphatic 1,-dicarboxylic acid compound (m2) is selected from the group consisting of succinic acid, adipic acid and sebacic acid.

6. The process according to claim 1, wherein the at least one aromatic 1,-dicarboxylic acid compound (m3) is terephthalic acid or dimethyl terephthalate.

7. The process according to claim 1, wherein the at least one further fiber (FF) is selected from the group consisting of polyamide fibers, cotton fibers, wool fibers and viscose fibers.

8. The process according to claim 7, wherein the viscose fibers, cotton fibers and wool fibers are staple fibers.

9. The process according to claim 1, wherein in step a) 1 to 99% by weight of the at least one polyester fiber (PF) and in step b) 1 to 99% by weight of the at least one further fiber (FF) are provided, based in each case on the total weight of the at least one polyester fiber (PF) and the at least one further fiber (FF).

10. The process according to claim 1, wherein the mixed fibers (MF), the mixed fiber yarns (MY) and/or the mixed fiber textile fabrics (MT) are simultaneously contacted with the at least two different dyes (D1) and (D2) at a temperature TD.sub.D<110 C.

11. The process according to claim 1, wherein the mixed fibers (MF), the mixed fiber yarns (MY) and/or the mixed fiber textile fabrics (MT) are simultaneously contacted with the at least two different dyes (D1) and (D2) at a temperature TD.sub.D<100 C.

12. The process according to claim 1, wherein the dye (D1) dyes the at least one polyester fiber (PF) and the dye (D2) dyes the at least one further fiber (FF) in the dyed mixed fibers (D-MF), the dyed mixed fiber yarns (D-MY) and/or the dyed mixed fiber textile fabrics (D-MT).

13. The process according to claim 1, wherein component (C) is selected from the group consisting of lubricants, nucleating agents, compatibilizers, flame retardants, reinforcing agents, plasticizers, antioxidants, UV stabilizers, mineral fillers and pigments.

14. The process according to claim 1, wherein the simultaneous contacting of the mixed fibers (MF), the mixed fiber yarns (MY) and/or the mixed fiber textile fabrics (MT) with the at least two different dyes (D1) and (D2) is carried out by immersing the mixed fibers (MF), the mixed fiber yarns (MY) and/or the mixed fiber textile fabrics (MT) at least once into a bath and wherein the bath comprises water and the at least two different dyes (D1) and (D2).

15. Dyed mixed fibers (D-MF), dyed mixed fiber yarns (D-MY) and/or dyed mixed fiber textile fabrics (D-MT) obtained by a process according to claim 1.

Description

EXAMPLES

(1) Mixed Fibre Textile Fabrics (MT) Comprising a Cotton Fibre as Further Fibre (FF)

Inventive Example E1

(2) A mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) of the following types of fibre was immersed in a dyeing bath 1:

(3) Fibre 1

(4) Polyester fibre (PF) comprising

(5) 93% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate (Component (A)) and 7% by weight of an aliphatic-aromatic polyester (Component (B)) (obtained by polymerization of 50% by weight of butane-1,4-diol (Component (m1)), 26% by weight of adipic acid (Component (m2)) and 24% by weight of terephthalic acid (Component (m.sup.3)))

(6) Fibre 2

(7) Cotton fibre (Further fibre (FF))

(8) The mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) of fibre 1 and fibre 2 was manufactured by combining 50 wt.-% of a textile fabric of fibre 1 and 50 wt.-% of a textile fabric of fibre 2, based on the total weight of the textile fabric of fibre 1 and the textile fabric of fibre 2.

(9) The dyeing bath 1 comprises water, 1 wt.-% Disperse dye Blue 139 (dye (D1), dyes the polyester fibre (PF)) and 1 wt.-% Sirius Red F3B (dye (D2), direct dye, dyes the cotton fibre). Further, the dyeing bath 1 comprises 2 g/L aftersoaping agent and 0.5 g/L Avolan IS. The weight-ratio of the mixed textile fabric (MT) to bath was 1:50.

(10) The mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) was immersed in the dyeing bath 1 which was heated to a temperature T.sub.D, where 100 C.<T.sub.D<130 C., held for 1 hour and cooled down to 100 C. Then Na.sub.2SO.sub.4 was added and the dyeing was continued for 30 minutes. After that, the mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) was rinsed with water three times: one time with warm water, one time with cold water and finally with cold water comprising 1 mL/L acetic acid (80%).

Inventive Example E2

(11) A mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) of the following types of fibre was immersed in a dyeing bath 1:

(12) Fibre 1 and

(13) Fibre 2

(14) as described in E1. The mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) of fibre 1 and fibre 2 was also manufactured as described in E1. The dyeing bath 1 is also the same as described in E1. The weight-ratio of the mixed textile fabric (MT) to bath was 1:50.

(15) The mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) was immersed in the dyeing bath 1 which was heated to a temperature T.sub.D, where T.sub.D<100 C., and held for 1 hour. Then Na.sub.2SO.sub.4 was added and the dyeing was continued for 30 minutes. After that, the mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) was rinsed with water three times: one time with warm water, one time with cold water and finally with cold water comprising 1mL/L acetic acid (80%).

Inventive Example E3

(16) A mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) of the following types of fibre was immersed in a dyeing bath 2:

(17) Fibre 1 and

(18) Fibre 2

(19) as described in E1. The mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) of fibre 1 and fibre 2 was also manufactured as described in E1.

(20) The dyeing bath 2 comprises water and 1 wt.-% Disperse dye Blue 139 (dye (D1)). Further, it comprises 2 g/L aftersoaping agent and 0.5 g/L Avolan IS. The weight-ratio of the mixed textile fabric (MT) to bath was 1:50.

(21) The mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) was immersed in the dyeing bath 2, which was heated to a temperature T.sub.D, where T.sub.D<100 C., and held for 1 hour. Subsequently, 1 wt.-% Sirius Red F3B (dye (D2), direct dye) was added to the dyeing bath 2 and dyeing was continued for 20 minutes. Then, Na.sub.2SO.sub.4 was added and the dyeing was continued for 30 minutes. After that, the mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) was rinsed with water three times: one time with warm water, one time with cold water and finally with cold water comprising 1mL/L acetic acid (80%).

Comparative Example (C4)

(22) A mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) of the following types of fibre was immersed in a dyeing bath 1:

(23) Fibre 2

(24) Cotton fibre (Further fibre (FF))

(25) Fibre 3

(26) Pure polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibre

(27) The mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) of fibre 2 and fibre 3 was manufactured by combining 50 wt.-% of a textile fabric of fibre 3 and 50 wt.-% of a textile fabric of fibre 2, based on the total weight of the textile fabric of fibre 3 and the textile fabric of fibre 2.

(28) The dyeing bath 1 is the same as described in E1. The weight-ratio of the mixed textile fabric (MT) to bath was 1:50.

(29) The mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) was immersed in the dyeing bath 1 which was heated to a temperature T.sub.D, where 100 C.<T.sub.D<130 C., held for 1 hour and cooled down to 100 C. Then Na.sub.2SO.sub.4 was added and the dyeing was continued for 30 minutes. After that, the mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) was rinsed with cold water three times: one time with warm water, one time with cold water and finally with cold water comprising 1 mL/L acetic acid (80%).

(30) After contacting the mixed fibre textile fabrics (MT) with the dyes, their colour depths (K/S) were analysed after drying the fibre textile fabrics to air. The results are listed in table 1.

(31) The colour depths (K/S) were determined according to the Kubelka-Monk Theory. They indicate the colour intensity at a specific wavelength compared to a Blanco sample. The Blanco sample is a respective fibre textile fabric not immersed in a dyeing bath. The specific wavelength for Disperse dye Blue 139 is 620 nm and the specific wavelength for Sirius Red F3B is 360 nm.

(32) The mixed fibre textile fabrics (MT) were analyzed directly after removal from the dyeing bath. Directly after removal from the dyeing bath means that the mixed fibre textile fabrics (MT) were washed with water three times: one time with warm water, one time with cold water and finally with cold water containing 1 mL/L acetic acid (80%).The samples were subsequently dried to air.

(33) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 K/S K/S K/S Textile fabric Textile fabric Textile fabric Temperature T.sub.D of fibre 1 of fibre 2 of fibre 3 Example [ C.] directly (blue) directly (red) directly (blue) E1 100 C. < T.sub.D < 8.0698 1.4501 130 C. E2 T.sub.D < 100 C. 6.1214 1.6453 E3 T.sub.D < 100 C. 5.9858 1.4844 C4 100 C. < T.sub.D < 1.5295 3.7930 130 C.

(34) From table 1, especially from inventive examples E1 and E2, it can clearly be seen that, by the inventive process, mixed fibre textile fabrics (MT) which comprise the polyester fibre (PF) and a cotton fibre as the further fibre (FF) can be dyed simultaneously with at least two different dyes (D1) and (D2) in one step at a temperature T.sub.D<130 C.

(35) It can also be seen that at a temperature T.sub.D<100 C., the cotton fibres show a higher dye uptake (K/S=1.6453) than at a temperature T.sub.D, where 100 C.<T.sub.D<130 C. (K/S=1.4501). In addition, by comparing inventive example E2 to inventive example E3, it is evident that the dye uptake is higher by simultaneously contacting the mixed fibre textile fabrics (MT) with the dyes (D1) and (D2) in one step than by first contacting the mixed fibre textile fabrics (MT) with the dye (D1) and subsequently with the dyes (D1) and (D2).

(36) By comparing comparative example C4 to inventive examples E1 to E3, it can be seen that by using a pure polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibre, instead of the polyester fibre (PF), in the mixed fibre textile fabrics (MT), a lower dye uptake is observed, especially for the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibre.

(37) The colour fastness to washing at 60 C. according to ISO 105 C06 C1S was also tested. The results are summarized in table 2. Assessment is on a scale from 1 to 5, the higher the value, the lower the staining of the textile fabric in the standard specimen. From this, inferences can be drawn about the colour fastness of the particular mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) tested.

(38) The particular mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) is kept between a piece of textile fabric of cotton and a piece of textile fabric of undyed fibres 1, 2 or 3. The staining of the various fibres was assessed by visual inspection. The staining of the blue and red fibres was tested separately.

(39) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Change Fibre 1 Fibre 2 Fibre 3 Example Temperature T.sub.D [ C.] in hue Cotton undyed undyed undyed E1 (blue) 100 C. < T.sub.D < 130 C. 4/5 4/5 4/5 E1 (red) 100 C. < T.sub.D < 130 C. 2/3 4 4/5 E2 (blue) T.sub.D < 100 C. 4/5 4/5 4 E2 (red) T.sub.D < 100 C. 3 4 3 C4 (blue) 100 C. < T.sub.D < 130 C. 4/5 4/5 4/5 C4 (red) 100 C. < T.sub.D < 130 C. 2/3 4 4/5

(40) As is clearly apparent from table 2, the textiles which are dyed according to the present invention at lower temperatures show similar colour fastness properties as the textiles comprising pure PET, which were dyed at 130 C.

(41) Mixed Fibre Textile Fabrics (MT) Comprising a Wool Fibre as Further Fibre (FF)

Inventive Example E5

(42) A mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) of the following types of fibre was immersed in a dyeing bath 3:

(43) Fibre 1

(44) Polyester fibre (PF) comprising

(45) 93% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate (Component (A)) and

(46) 7% by weight of an aliphatic-aromatic polyester (Component (B)) (obtained by polymerization of 50% by weight of butane-1,4-diol (Component (m1)), 26% by weight of adipic acid (Component (m2)) and 24% by weight of terephthalic acid (Component (m.sup.3)))

(47) Fibre 4

(48) Wool fibre (Further fibre (FF))

(49) The mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) of fibre 1 and fibre 4 was manufactured by combining 50 wt.-% of a textile fabric of fibre 1 and 50 wt.-% of a textile fabric of fibre 4, based on the total weight of the textile fabric of fibre 1 and the textile fabric of fibre 4.

(50) The dyeing bath 3 comprises 1 wt.-% Disperse dye Blue 139 (dye (D1), dyes the polyester fibre (PF)), 1.55 wt.-% Nylosan Red N-2RBL (dye (D2), direct dye, dyes the wool fibre), 5 wt.-% sodium sulphate, 0.3 wt.-% pick up improver, 1 wt.-% polyacrylamide derivative and 0.25 wt.-% alcohol polyglycol ether, and the balance up to 100% is water. Further, the dyeing bath 3 comprises 0.5 g/L Avolan IS, 2 g/L aftersoaping agent, 0.16 g/L Levegal THE, 0.5 g/L NaH.sub.2PO.sub.4 and 1 g/L sodium acetate.

(51) The weight ratio of textile to bath was 1:50.

(52) The mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) was immersed in the dyeing bath 3 which was heated to a temperature T.sub.D=90 C. and held for 1 hour. Then Na.sub.2SO.sub.4 was added and the dyeing was continued for 30 minutes. After that, the mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) was rinsed with cold water three times: one time with warm water, one time with cold water and finally with cold water comprising 1 mL/L acetic acid (80%).

Comparative Example C6

(53) A mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) of the following types of fibre was immersed in a dyeing bath 3:

(54) Fibre 3

(55) Pure polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibre

(56) Fibre 4

(57) Wool fibre (Further fibre (FF)) The mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) of fibre 3 and fibre 4 was manufactured by combining 50 wt.-% of a textile fabric of fibre 3 and 50 wt.-% of a textile fabric of fibre 4, based on the total weight of the textile fabric of fibre 3 and the textile fabric of fibre 4. The weight ratio of textile to bath was 1:50.

(58) The fibre textile fabric (MT) was immersed in the dyeing bath 3 which was heated to a temperature T.sub.D=90 C. and held for 1 hour. Then Na.sub.2SO.sub.4 was added and the dyeing was continued for 30 minutes. After that, the mixed fibre textile fabric (MT) was rinsed with cold water three times: one time with warm water, one time with cold water and finally with cold water comprising 1 mL/L acetic acid (80%).

(59) After contacting the (mixed) fibre textile fabrics with the dyes, their colour depths (K/S) were analysed directly after removal from the dyeing bath. The results are listed in table 3.

(60) Directly after removal from the dyeing bath means that the mixed fibre textile fabrics (MT) were washed with water three times: one time with warm water, one time with cold water and finally with cold water comprising 1 mL/L acetic acid (80%). The samples were subsequently dried to air.

(61) The colour depths (K/S) were determined as described above. The specific wavelength for Nylosan Red N-2RBL is 520 nm.

(62) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 K/S K/S K/S Textile fabric Textile fabric Textile fabric Temperature T.sub.D of fibre 1 of fibre 4 of fibre 3 Example [ C.] directly (blue) directly (red) directly (blue) E5 90 3.0364 12.893 C6 90 12.904 1.2615

(63) From table 2, it can clearly be seen that, by the inventive process, fibre textile fabrics (MT) which comprise the polyester fibre (PF) and a wool fibre as the further fibre (FF) can be dyed simultaneously with at least two different dyes (D1) and (D2) in one step at a temperature T.sub.D<100 C.