Optimized compression bandage and kit using said bandage

Abstract

A compression bandage in the form of a knit obtained by warp stitch technology on the basis of synthetic yarns and comprising two textile surfaces of respective textile structures that may be identical or different, the surfaces being interconnected by spacer yarns, each surface including elastic yarns, the bandage being characterized in that said knit presents: longitudinal stretch measured in compliance with the standard EN 14704-1 lying in the range 30% to 160%; and threshold shear stress greater than or equal to 2800 Pa.

Claims

1. A compression bandage in the form of a single knit obtained by warp stitch technology, the single knit consisting of synthetic yarns and comprising two textile surfaces of respective textile structures that may be identical or different, the two textile surfaces being interconnected by spacer yarn of the synthetic yarns, each of the two textile surfaces including elastic yarn of the synthetic yarns, said single knit not including adhesive and not including latex, and said single knit having: a longitudinal stretch measured in compliance with the standard EN 14704-1 lying in the range 30% to 160%, and a threshold shear stress of greater than or equal to 2800 Pa, wherein the threshold shear stress is a minimum shear stress that causes lateral slipping between two exterior faces of the single knit when pressed against each other with a force of 5.3 kPa, the two exterior faces respectively provided by the two textile surfaces, wherein the spacer yarn is a monofilament that presents weight lying in the range 20 dtex to 80 dtex, the single knit presents weight lying in the range 160 g/m.sup.2 to 370 g/m.sup.2 and a thickness lying in the range 1 mm to 2 mm, the elastic yarn in one of the two textile surfaces presents weight lying in the range 40 dtex to 80 dtex, and the two textile surfaces include thermoplastic yarns of the synthetic yarns presenting weights lying in the range 40 dtex to 90 dtex.

2. A compression bandage according to claim 1, wherein the single knit presents spacing between the two textile surfaces lying in the range 0.4 mm to 1.5 mm.

3. A compression bandage according to claim 2, wherein the single knit presents the spacing between the two textile surfaces lying in the range 0.5 mm to 1.1 mm.

4. A compression bandage according to claim 1, wherein the spacer yarn presents weight lying in the range 40 dtex to 70 dtex.

5. A compression bandage according to claim 1, wherein a first exterior face of the two exterior faces has a textile structure that is at least one selected from the following list: charmeuse, open or closed loop, atlas in one or more rows, and closed or open loop or alternating closed loop and open loop pillar stitch, the first exterior face being opposite to a second exterior face of the two exterior faces that is to be put into contact with the skin, the second exterior face having a textile structure that is a net, presenting an open-work textile structure.

6. A compression bandage according to claim 1, wherein the single knit presents thickness lying in the range 1 mm to 1.5 mm.

7. A compression bandage according to claim 1, wherein the single knit presents weight lying in the range 160 g/m.sup.2 to 300 g/m.sup.2.

8. A compression bandage according to claim 1, wherein the single knit presents longitudinal stretch as defined in the standard EN 14704-1 lying in the range 50% to 120%.

9. A compression bandage according to claim 1, wherein the single knit is fabricated using a single bar for the spacer yarn that connects together the two textile surfaces.

10. A kit comprising one or more compression bandages according to claim 1 and one or more dressings adapted to be placed on a wound prior to putting the compression bandage into place.

11. A compression bandage according to claim 1, wherein the single knit when wound around itself results in the two exterior faces being disposed in consecutive wraps of the single knit and in contact with each other.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(1) The invention is illustrated by the following examples and comparative tests, and also by FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.

EXAMPLE EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

(2) A knit of the invention having a width of about centimeters (cm) has been made on a 22 gauge double-needle bed Raschel warp knitting machine.

(3) In order to perform the knitting, six bars were used in compliance with the stitch diagram shown in FIG. 1 using the following yarns and conditions:

(4) Nature of the Yarns

(5) F1: polyamide yarn sold by the supplier Radici under the reference 78/18/1 dtex S Beige; F2: 44 dtex spandex yarns sold by the supplier Asahi Kasei Group; F3: yarn in the form of a 55 dtex polyester monofilament sold by the supplier Filva; F4: 44 dtex spandex yarn sold by the supplier Asahi Kasei Group; F5: polyamide 66 yarn sold by the supplier Emile Tardy under the reference PA 66 1/44/34/FT BE MM; and F6: polyamide 66 yarn sold by the supplier Emile Tardy under the reference PA 66 1/44/34/FT BE MM.
Settings of the Knitting Machine F1: feed 2500 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-full threading; F2: feed 1500 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 1 full/1 empty; F3: feed 3500 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-full threading; F4: feed 1600 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 1 full/1 empty; F5: feed 2250 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 3 full/1 empty; and F6: feed 2250 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 3 full/1 empty.
Stitch Diagram

(6) FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example stitch structure for making a knit in a particular embodiment of the invention.

(7) In this figure, the front needle bed has reference F and the back needle bed has reference B. The stitch diagrams for the yarns F1 to F6 are shown.

(8) It should clearly be understood that this example, and those that follow, are purely illustrative, and that they should not be interpreted in a manner that is limiting on the scope of the invention.

(9) The knit as made in this way was subjected to a step of in-line heat treatment.

(10) During this step, the knit passed once through two rollers formed by heater cylinders so that each of its faces was subjected to the treatment at a speed of 5.5 meters per minute (m/min). Before passing the knit, the temperature of the cylinders was set to about 190 C.

(11) The following techniques were used for evaluating the parameters of the resulting knit.

(12) Measuring Weight

(13) Weight was measured in compliance with the standard NF EN 12127. Five testpieces each having an area of 100 square centimeters (cm.sup.2) (measured to within 1%) were weighed using scales of precision at best 1 milligram (mg).

(14) Weighing was performed at a temperature of 21 C.2 C. and relative humidity (RH) of 60%15%.

(15) The final measurement was the average of the five testpieces.

(16) Measuring Thickness

(17) Thickness was measured in compliance with the standard NF EN ISO 9073-2. A Keyence laser micrometer was used (having a CCD LK-G87 laser sensor head and a CCD LK-G3001PV laser movement sensor). The application pressure was set at 0.5 kilopascals (kPa) and the area of the steel disk was 2500 square millimeters (mm.sup.2).

(18) Measuring Spacing between the Faces

(19) This measurement was performed as follows.

(20) Using a Keyence digital microscope (with 100 or 200 lenses) the space was determined between the two planes of the two textile surfaces.

(21) The mean plane of each of the two surfaces was marked by a horizontal line estimated by the operator and the distance between the two lines was determined automatically by the software. The measurement was repeated several times in order to increase accuracy and the resulting measurements were averaged.

(22) Measuring Threshold Shear Stress

(23) The measurements were performed using a DHR2 rheometer sold by the supplier TA Instruments.

(24) They were performed at a temperature of 35 C. (so as to be close to the temperature of the bandages in contact with the skin), said temperature being regulated on a Peltier plate forming part of the rheometer.

(25) Two disks having a diameter of 25 mm were cut out from the 3D knit under analysis.

(26) A fine and rigid double-sided adhesive sold by the supplier Plasto under the reference P753 was used to stick the two disks respectively to the metal face of the movable plate and to the Peltier plate of the rheometer. The two 3D knit disks were put into contact, the charmeuse structure face (also known as a locknit structure face) contacting the net structure face, while applying a pressure of 5.3 kPa (i.e. the equivalent of 40 mmHg). The program controlling the rheometer generates a stress slope (torque) varying from 100 Pa to 10,000 Pa in 600 seconds (s). The apparatus records the first micro-movement that it detects, which corresponds to the threshold shear stress expressed in Pa.

(27) It is considered that the instrumental uncertainty on this measurement is plus or minus 6%.

(28) The parameters of the resulting knit were as follows (Example 1): weight: 232 g/m.sup.2; thickness: 1.23 mm; threshold shear stress: 3080 Pa; spacing between faces: 0.64 mm; longitudinal stretch in compliance with the standard EN 14704-1: 56%; transverse stretch in compliance with the standard EN 14704-1: 128%.

(29) Several other knit examples were also made, as set out in detail below.

(30) These other examples were made using a stitch diagram identical to that shown in FIG. 1 (except where specified to the contrary). There follows a detailed description of the natures of the yarns and of the settings of the knitting machine, and also of the characteristics that were obtained.

Example 2: e.g. Corresponding to a Product Having a Full Face in Contact with a Subject's Skin, and an Opposite Face that was a Net

(31) Nature of the Yarns

(32) F1: polyamide yarn sold by the supplier Radici under the reference 78/24/1 dtex S Beige; F2: 44 dtex spandex yarns sold by the supplier Asahi Kasei Group; F3: yarn in the form of a 55 dtex polyester monofilament, sold by the supplier Filva; F4: 44 dtex spandex yarn sold by the supplier Asahi Kasei Group; F5: polyamide 66 yarn sold by the supplier Emile Tardy under the reference PA 66 1/44/34/FT BE MM; and F6: polyamide 66 yarn sold by the supplier Emile Tardy under the reference PA 66 1/44/34/FT BE MM.
Settings of the Knitting Machine F1: feed 2000 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-full threading; F2: feed 1500 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 1 full/1 empty; F3: feed 3500 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-full threading; F4: feed 1600 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 1 full/1 empty; F5: feed 2150 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 3 full/1 empty; and F6: feed 2250 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 3 full/1 empty.

(33) The knit as made in this way was subjected to an in-line heat treatment step.

(34) During this step, the knit passed once between two rollers formed by heater cylinders so that each face was subjected to the treatment at a speed of 5.5 m/min. The temperature of the cylinders before passing the knit was set to about 190 C.

(35) Characteristics of the Resulting Product: (Example 2)

(36) Weight: 2.31 g/m.sup.2. Thickness: 1.22 mm. Threshold shear stress: 3027 Pa. Spacing between faces: 0.52 mm. Longitudinal stretch in compliance with the standard EN 14704-1: 62%. Transverse stretch in compliance with the standard EN 14704-1: 173%.

Example 3: e.g. Corresponding to a Long Stretch Product

(37) Nature of the Yarns

(38) F1: polyamide 66 yarn sold by the supplier Emile Tardy under the reference PA 66 1/44/34/FT BE MM. F2: 44 dtex spandex yarns sold by the supplier Asahi Kasei Group. F3: yarn in the form of a 55 dtex polyester monofilament, sold by the supplier Filva. F4: 44 dtex spandex yarn sold by the supplier Asani Kasei Group. F5: polyamide 66 yarn sold by the supplier Emile Tardy under the reference PA 66 1/44/34/FT BE MM. F6: polyamide 66 yarn sold by the supplier Emile Tardy under the reference PA 66 1/44/34/FT BE MM.

(39) The mesh diagram in this example was different from the other examples, and is shown in FIG. 2.

(40) Settings of the Knitting Machine

(41) F1: feed 2100 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-full threading. F2: feed 2050 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-full threading. F3: feed 3700 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-full threading. F4: feed 2300 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitchesfull threading. F5: feed 2150 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 3 full/1 empty. F6: feed 2150 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 3 full/1 empty.

(42) The knit as made in this way was subjected to an in-line heat treatment step.

(43) During that step the knit was passed once between two rollers formed by heater cylinders so that each face was subjected to the treatment, at a speed of 5.9 meters per hour (m/h). The temperature of the cylinders prior to passing the knit was set to about 70 C.,

(44) A strip of product as obtained in that way was then subjected to five successive washes without drying between the washes in a washing machine at 40 C. and at 800 revolutions per minute (rpm), with a washing product sold under the trademark Le Chat machine.

(45) Characteristics of the Resulting Product: (Example 3)

(46) Weight: 367 g/m.sup.2. Thickness: 1.9 mm. Threshold shear stress: 4077 Pa. Spacing between faces: 1.08 mm. Longitudinal stretch in compliance with the standard EN 14704-1: 111%. Transverse stretch in compliance with the standard EN 14704-1: 191%.

Example 4: Corresponding for Example to a Product Having a 22 Dtex Spacer Yarn

(47) Nature of the Yarns

(48) F1: polyamide yarn sold by the supplier Radici under the reference 78/18/1 dtex S Beige; F2: 44 dtex spandex yarns sold by the supplier Asahi Kasei Group; F3: yarn in the form of a 22 dtex polyester monofilament sold by the supplier Filva; F4: 44 dtex spandex yarn sold by the supplier Asahi Kasei Group; F5: polyamide 66 yarn sold by the supplier Emile Tardy under the reference PA 66 1/44/34/FT BE MM; and F6: polyamide 66 yarn sold by the supplier Emile Tardy under the reference PA 66 1/44/34/FT BE MM.
Settings of the Knitting Machine F1: feed 2400 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-full threading; F2: feed 1600 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 1 full/1 empty; F3: feed 3900 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-full threading; F4: feed 1600 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 1 full/1 empty; F5: feed 2000 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 3 full/1 empty; and F6: feed 2000 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 3 full/1 empty.

(49) The knit as made in this way was subjected to an in-line heat treatment step.

(50) During that step the knit was passed once between two rollers formed by heater cylinders so that each face was subjected to the treatment at a speed of 5.5 m/min. The temperature of the cylinders before passing a knit was set to about 190 C.

(51) Characteristics of the Resulting Product: (Example 4)

(52) Weight: 199 g/m.sup.2. Thickness: 1.1 mm. Threshold shear stress: 3007 Pa. Spacing between faces: 0.57 mm. Longitudinal stretch in compliance with the standard EN 14704-1: 54%. Transverse stretch in compliance with the standard EN 14704-1:192%.

Example 5: Corresponding for Example to a Product without an Open-Work Face, i.e. with Two Full Faces

(53) Nature of the Yarns

(54) F1: polyamide yarn sold by the supplier Radici under the reference 78/18/1 dtex S Beige; F2: 44 dtex spandex yarns sold by the supplier Asahi Kasei Group; F3: yarn in the form of a 55 dtex polyester monofilament sold by the supplier Filva; F4: 44 dtex spandex yarn sold by the supplier Asahi Kasei Group; F5: polyamide 66 yarn sold by the supplier Emile Tardy under the reference PA 66 1/44/34/FT BE MM; F6: polyamide 66 yarn sold by the supplier Emile Tardy under the reference PA 66 1/44/34/FT BE MM.

(55) The stitch diagram in this example is different from that of the other examples, and is shown in FIG. 3.

(56) Settings of the Knitting Machine

(57) F1: feed 3200 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-full threading. F2: feed 1600 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 1 full/1 empty. F3: feed 3500 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-full threading. F4: feed 1700 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 1 full/1 empty. F5: feed 1900 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 3 full/1 empty. F6: feed 1900 mm of yarns consumed for making 480 stitches-threading 3 full/1 empty.

(58) The knit as made in this way was subsequently subjected to an in-line heat treatment step.

(59) During that step the knit was passed once between two rollers formed by heater cylinders so that each face was subjected to the treatment at a speed of 5 m/min. The temperature of the cylinders before passing the knit was set to about 190 C.

(60) Characteristics of the Resulting Product: (Example 5)

(61) Weight: 262 g/m.sup.2. Thickness: 1.2 mm. Threshold shear stress: 3027 Pa. Spacing between faces: 0.76 mm, Longitudinal stretch in compliance with the standard EN 14704-1:43%. Transverse stretch in compliance with the standard EN 14704-1:127%.

(62) Thereafter, in vitro pressure performance was compared using the test described below between the examples of the invention and the two-layer compression system sold under the name K2 by the supplier Laboratoires URGO.

(63) In Vitro Test

(64) The performance of each of the 3D knit of Examples 1 to 5 and of the two-layer compression system sold under the name K2 by the supplier Laboratoires URGO was evaluated in terms of working and rest pressures and of pressure difference, over time.

(65) Use was made of the in vitro test method and apparatus described in patent application WO 2007/113430 page 17, line 26 to page 19, line 18. In that method, the bandage is placed around a cylinder with total coverage of 100%, and then the circumference of the cylinder is caused to vary at a speed that is imposed continuously between a rest pressure (smallest diameter) and a working pressure (greatest diameter) in order to mimic muscular contraction. Pressure sensors measured the rest pressure and working pressure values over time.

(66) The time interval between measuring working pressure and rest pressure was 5 s, and the frequency with which these two parameters were measured in succession was 0.2 hertz (Hz).

(67) In order to test the compression bandages of the invention, the stretch of the bandage on being put into place was determined as a function of the looked-for working pressure, e.g. using the rupture traction curve as defined in the standard EN ISO 13934-1. In application of Laplace's law, the stretch to be applied corresponds to the looked-for pressure.

(68) A rectangular bandage of sufficient width was prepared, by fraying if necessary, in order to obtain a sample having a final width of 50 mm. The sample was placed in the jaws of a CRE testing machine that were spaced apart by 200 mm. The traction test was performed until the sample ruptured at the speed of 100 mm/min. The test was repeated for five samples. Conditions relating to conditioning, relative humidity, and temperature were as defined in the standard EN ISO 13934-1.

(69) It was thus determined that stretch during bandaging should be 40% for the bandage of Examples 1 to 3, 45% for the bandage of Example 4, and 30% for the bandage of Example 5 of the invention in order to apply a maximum pressure of about 50 mmHg to 70 mmHg on bandaging.

(70) In order to bandage properly, the bandages were calibrated using a stencil as described in patent-application WO 2007/113340 on page 13, line 18 to page 14, line 6.

(71) The results obtained for the bandage obtained as examples of the invention and for the two-layer compression system sold by the supplier Laboratoires URGO under the name K2, of size 18 cm-25 cm are summarized in Tables 1 and 2 below.

(72) The value max pressure at T0 corresponds to the first working pressure measured immediately after bandaging, and delta at T0 corresponds to the pressure difference between the first working pressure and the first rest pressure measured immediately after bandaging. The values max pressure at T24 and delta at T24 correspond to the measurements taken 24 hours after bandaging, as measured in mmHg. Thereafter, the difference between T0 and T24 was calculated as delta (T0-T24).

(73) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 K2 Measurement Example 1 Example 2 (Laboratoires URGO) taken 40% 40% 55% + 50% Stretch on bandaging 69 63 44 Max pressure at T0 28 25 19 Delta at T0 51 45 35 Max pressure at T24 95 21 17 Delta at T24 +3 +4 +2 Delta (T0-T24)

(74) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Measurement Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 taken 40% 45% 30% Stretch on bandaging 52 71 50 Max pressure at T0 15 31 26 Delta at T0 44 52 34 Max pressure at T24 21 26 20 Delta at T24 6 +5 +6 Delta (T0-T24)

(75) These tables snow that results obtained in terms of pressure applied at 24 h and pressure difference at 24 h both for the K2 two-layer system and for the single bandages of the invention that lie within the intended ranges, i.e. a maximum pressure at 24 h lying in the range 34 mmHg to 50 mmHg and a pressure difference at 24 h lying in the range 15 mmHg to 25 mmHg.

(76) The pressure difference values at 24 h, which are important for the effectiveness of the treatment, are even better with the single bandages of the invention, i.e. 20 mmHg to 26 mmHg as compared with 17 mmHg for the K2 two-layer system. It can also be seen that for all of the products in Examples 1, 2, 4, and 5, and for the product K2, which are all short stretch products, this pressure difference varied little over time since the variation was in the range +3 to +6 for the knits of the invention and +/2 for the K2 two-layer system.

(77) Surprisingly, Example 3, which is a long stretch product, and thus expected to be less effective in terms of pressure difference, also presented an excellent pressure difference of 21 mmHz. Furthermore, the pressure difference improved over time and it was clearly better at 24 h than at T=0; 21 mmHg as compared with 15 mmHg.

(78) In conclusion, the bandages of the invention make it possible to obtain therapeutic properties that are equivalent to those of the K2 product, or even better, while conserving these properties over time, and doing so with only one bandage and without adding latex or adhesive.

(79) In the same manner, Example 1 and the K2 product were compared using the in vivo test described below in order to evaluate the intrinsic relaxation of the bandages over time.

(80) This in vivo test was performed as follows.

(81) The bandages were wound around the leg in compliance with the recommendations set out in the instructions for the K2 two-layer system.

(82) For reference, those instructions recommend the following method of application:

(83) 1) Hold the foot at 90, toes pointing upwards. Apply Ktech to the base of the toes by making two anchor holes, and ensure that the cotton wool face is in direct contact with the skin and the pressure indicator is situated on the top side of the bandage. Continue making a figure of 8 around the ankle without applying excessive tension on the foot and cover the heel thoroughly.

(84) 2) Go up to the knee making spiral turns and stretching the bandage appropriately: the pressure indicator printed on the bandages should be circular in shape. In order to obtain proper overlap, the pressure indicator should be just covered (50% overlap). Finish 2 cm below the knee and cut off excess bandage. Secure using sticking plaster.

(85) 3) Apply Kpress on Ktech using the same technique, beginning one finger above Ktech and ending one finger below Ktech so that only Ktech is in direct contact with the skin. Once applied, press gently on the bandage with the hands in order to ensure that the system stays properly in place.

(86) It can readily be understood that the last step 3) is not needed for a compression bandage of the invention.

(87) In the example of the invention, the stretch on putting into place was 40% as above in the in vitro test, and the knit was calibrated in the same manner. The bandages were wound around the foot, the heel, and along the leg up to the knee with one layer overlapping another by 50%. The last turn was secured to itself using a metal fastener or sticking plaster. If it is desired to verify the pressure being applied by the bandage, it is possible to place an interface pressure measuring sensor (such as for example the sensor referenced KKH-01 from the supplier Kikuhime) at a point B1 that corresponds to the zone where the Achilles tendon transforms into calf muscle, i.e. generally speaking about 10 cm to about 15 cm above the malleolis. A vertical line is drawn using a fine permanent felt tip over at least three turns along the axis of the tibial crest, starting from the last-wound turn. At the end of the duration of the test, this mark serves as a reference for evaluating the horizontal shift of the line by using a ruler graduated in mm. During movements, the line ceases to be rectilinear and presents steps that are offset to a greater extent when the turn-on-turn slip is considerable. If the turn-on-turn slipping is very small or non-existent, then the vertical line remains intact or varies very little, mainly over the first turn which is situated under the last wound turn.

(88) This offset of the vertical line is representative of the relaxation of the bandage and illustrates its potential slip over time.

(89) The test was performed for 6 hours on five people. On one leg, each person wore a 10 cm wide and 2.6 cm long bandage in accordance with Example 1, the net face in contact with the skin, calibrated at 40% on being put into place, and on the other leg, each person wore the K2 two-layer system.

(90) After 6 hours, the offset of the vertical line on the first three turns was measured.

(91) The results were as follows:

(92) K2 two-layer system: no offset of the line on any turn. This result is to be expected as a result of the bandage being made cohesive, thereby preventing the turns from slipping one on another.

(93) Compression bandage in accordance with Example 1: no offset of the line on turns 2 and 3 and a small mean offset of 4 mm on the first turn situated under the last turn to be wound.

(94) This mean value is negligible and represents measurement fluctuations associated with variations in the calves of the testers, with the reproducibility with which the bandaging was performed, and with manufacturing variabilities for the bandages.

(95) It can thus be considered that the bandage of the invention presents resistance to turn-on-turn slip that is equivalent to that of the cohesive system.

(96) This test shows that in terms of ability to remain in place, the two products are equivalent.

(97) Using the same protocol, the bandage of Example 5 calibrated at 30% on being bandaged as described above for the in vitro test was tested on a single person. The only difference was that the last turn was secured to itself using two Velcro strips instead of a metal fastener.

(98) After a duration of 6 hours, it was observed once more that there was a small offset of the line through 3 mm on the first turn situated under the last-wound turn. An offset of 1 mm was measured on turn 2 (which represents uncertainty on evaluating the measurement of the thickness of the line, and is therefore negligible), and no offset was observed on turn 3.

(99) It can thus be considered that the bandage of Example 5 presents the ability to withstand turn-on-turn slip that is equivalent to that of Example 1.

(100) Together these tests show that by using a single bandage, a compression device is indeed obtained that presents good therapeutic properties and that does not slip over time, and that this is achieved without adding additional substances to the bandage.