COMPOSITE ELASTIC MATERIAL FOR MODELING AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Abstract

A composite elastic material comprises a bulk polymer material having fractions from 0.005 to 0.1 mm with fraction homogeneity of 10 to 100% which is presented by a granular fine dispersed bulk polymer material, a binding substance in the form of an agent with OH-groups in an amount of 10 to 50% by weight of the bulk polymer material, a crosslinking agent in an amount of 0.5 to 10% by weight of the agent with OH-groups, and a plasticizing agent in an amount of 0.02 to 2% by weight of the agent with OH-groups. To obtain the composite material, a binding substance is obtained by crosslinking the agent with OH-groups, plasticizing and distributing it over the volume of the bulk material, and fixing the binding substance on the surface of the bulk material.

Claims

1. A composite elastic material comprising a bulk polymer material having fractions from 0.005 to 0.1 mm with fraction homogeneity of 10 to 100% which is presented by a granular finely dispersed bulk polymer material, a binding substance in the form of an agent with OH-groups in an amount of 10 to 50% by weight of the bulk polymer material, a crosslinking agent in an amount of 0.5 to 10% by weight of the agent with OH-groups, and a plasticizing agent in an amount of 0.02 to 2% by weight of the agent with OH-groups.

2. The composite elastic material according to claim 1, wherein finely dispersed polyvinyl chloride granules are used as the bulk material.

3. The composite elastic material according to claim 1, wherein finely dispersed expanded polystyrene granules are used as the bulk polymer material.

4. The composite elastic material according to claim. 1, wherein finely dispersed expanded perlite granules are used as the bulk polymer material.

5. The composite elastic material according to claim 1, wherein quartz microspheres are added to the bulk polymer material in a ratio of 20:80.

6. The composite elastic material according to claim 1, wherein quartz flour is added to the bulk polymer material in a ratio of 30:70.

7. The composite elastic material according to claim 1, wherein OH-terminated polydimethylsiloxane having a viscosity of 50 to 10,000 cps is used as the agent with OH-groups.

8. The composite elastic material according to claim 1, wherein silicone rubber is used as the agent with OH-groups.

9. The composite elastic material according to claim 1, wherein siloxanes containing OH-groups are used as the agent with OH-groups.

10. The composite elastic material according to claim 1, wherein boron-containing compounds are used as the crosslinking agent.

11. The composite elastic material according to claim 1, wherein said material additionally comprises luminophors in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight of the bulk polymer material.

12. The composite elastic material according to claim 1, wherein said material additionally comprises decorative inclusions in an amount of 0.001 to 50% by weight of the bulk polymer material.

13. The composite elastic material according to claim 1, wherein said material additionally comprises flavoring materials in an amount of 0.00001 to 5% by weight of the bulk polymer material.

14. The composite elastic material according to claim 1, wherein said material additionally comprises thermochromic dyes in an amount of 0.001-5% by weight of the bulk polymer material.

15. The composite elastic material according to claim 1, wherein colored bulk polymer materials are used.

16. A method for manufacturing a composite elastic material, the method comprising: obtaining a binding substance by crosslinking an agent with OH-groups; plasticizing and distributing the binding substance over the volume of a bulk material; fixing the binding substance on the surface of the bulk material, wherein the following are added in stages to the agent with OH-groups having a viscosity from 1000 to 1500 cps in an amount of 10 to 50% in the reactor for mixing the components, by weight of the agent with OH-groups: a crosslinking agent in the amount of 0.5 to 10% and a plasticizing agent in the amount of 0.02% to 2%; wherein the components are mixed for no more than 10-15 seconds at a mixing rate of 150-200 rpm at each stage, provided that the overall time of adding and mixing the components is no more than 40-60 seconds; pouring the obtained binding substance into the bulk material; mixing the obtained binding substance with the bulk material so that the binding substance is applied on the bulk material until the binding substance is uniformly distributed over the whole volume of the bulk material; spreading a mixture of the binding substance and the bulk material for fixing the binding substance in a layer of 0.1 to 50 cm in thickness; and drying the mixture in air under normal conditions.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the binding substance and the bulk material are heated to about 50 C. to about 80 C. during mixing.

18. (canceled)

19. The method according to claim 16, wherein convection of air masses is used to fix the binding substance.

20. The method according to claim 16, wherein the bulk polymer material is colored.

21. The method according to claim 16, wherein the binding substance is colored.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Embodiments of the invention are illustrated by the FIGURE that shows a table illustrating the rationale for the claimed composition ratios.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INVENTION

[0022] The composite material manufacturing process takes place in three stages. At the first stage, the binding substance is prepared: [0023] for example, OH-terminated polydimethylsiloxane having a viscosity of 1000 to 1500 cps is taken in an amount of 20 to 27% by weight having a viscosity of 1000 to 1500 cps is taken in an amount of 20 to 27% by weight of the bulk material and a crosslinking agent is dissolved in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight of the agent with OH-groups. Water, ethyl alcohol and other alcohols capable to dissolve or partially dissolve the crosslinking agent can be used as a solvent. The solvent is used to more uniformly distribute the crosslinking agent over the volume of the agent with OH-groups, and also serves as an inhibitor of the crosslinking reaction, which proceeds fairly quickly; [0024] the following are added, by weight of OH-terminated polydimethylsiloxane: fatty acid (for example, oleic acid) in an amount of 0.02 to 0.08%, trihydric alcohol (for example, glycerol) in an amount of from 0.08 to 2%, boron-containing compound, for example, boric acid in an amount of 2 to 4%. The process of adding components to OH-terminated polydimethylsiloxane is divided into the stages. Each stage takes place in the reactor for mixing the components and lasts for no more than 10-15 s at a mixing rate of 150-200 rpm. The overall time of adding and mixing the components is not more than 40-60 s.

[0025] At the second stage, the binding substance is applied on the bulk polymer material: [0026] fraction of 0.01 to 0.063 mm of finely dispersed polyvinyl chloride granules with fraction homogeneity of 75 to 95% is poured into the reactor tank for mixing the bulk materials and viscous solutions together; [0027] the binding substance is pour out, then the mass is mixed until the binding substance is uniformly distributed over the whole volume of the bulk polymer material.

[0028] At the third stage, the binding substance is fixed on the surface of the bulk material: [0029] the resulting mixture of the bulk polymer material and the binding substance is spread in a layer of 0.1 to 50 cm in thickness in air and left under normal conditions until completely dry. Composition layer height of more than 50 cm increases the drying time, since the resulting product evaporates excess moisture to reach its final state, while drying of a layer with a height of less than 0.1 cm is technologically impracticable.

[0030] The bulk polymer material can be pre-colored. Coloring is carried out with polymer, synthetic, mineral, food dyes or pigment of any color with different degrees of color saturation. A dye or pigment is used in powder, gel, liquid, and other forms and any proportions depending on the nature of the dye/pigment.

[0031] Finely dispersed expanded polystyrene granules can be used as the bulk polymer material, whereupon the finished product becomes lighter and can float on water for a much longer amount of time. To impart a glow-in-the-dark property to the elastic material, a luminophor is added to the binding substance and/or to the bulk material. To impart a sparkling property to the elastic material, decorative inclusions are added to the binding substance and/or to the bulk material. To provide the elastic material with a pleasant flavor, flavoring materials are added to the binding substance and/or to the bulk material.

EXAMPLES OF SPECIFIC IMPLEMENTATION

Example 1

[0032] The following were added to OH-terminated polydimethylsiloxane having a viscosity of 1200 cps in an amount of at least 20% by weight of the bulk material, by weight of OH-terminated polydimethylsiloxane: oleic acid in an amount of 0.06%, glycerol in an amount of 1%, and boric acid in an amount of 3% pre-moistened with ethyl alcohol (7% by weight of OH-terminated polydimethylsiloxane).

[0033] Components were added to OH-terminated polydimethylsiloxane in stages. The components were mixed in the reactor for no more than 15 seconds at a mixing rate of 150 rpm at each stage. The overall time of adding and mixing the components was not more than 60 seconds. Then 0.01 mm fraction of finely dispersed polyvinyl chloride granules with fraction homogeneity of 95% was poured into the reactor tank for mixing the bulk components and viscous solutions together, the binding substance was poured out, and then the mass was mixed until the binding substance was uniformly distributed over the whole volume of the bulk polymer material. The resulting mixture of the bulk polymer material and the binding substance was spread in a layer of 10 cm in thickness in air and left under normal conditions until completely dry.

Example 2

[0034] The following were added to OH-terminated polydimethylsiloxane having a viscosity of 1000 cps in an amount of 27% by weight of the bulk material, by weight of OH-terminated polydimethylsiloxane: oleic acid in an amount of 0.02%, glycerol in an amount of 1.5%, boric acid in an amount of 2% pre-moistened with water (10% by weight of OH-terminated polydimethylsiloxane).

[0035] Components were added to OH-terminated polydimethylsiloxane in stages. At each stage, the components were mixed in the reactor for no more than 10 s at a mixing rate of 200 rpm. The overall time of adding and mixing the components was not more than 40 seconds. Then 0.04 mm fraction of finely dispersed expanded polystyrene granules with fraction homogeneity of 75% was poured into the reactor tank for mixing the bulk components and viscous solutions together, a food dye previously dissolved in water (5% by weight of expanded polystyrene) was added in an amount of 0.1% by weight of the bulk material (expanded polystyrene), the binding substance was poured out, and the mass was mixed until the binding substance was uniformly distributed over the whole volume of the bulk polymer material. The resulting mixture of the bulk polymer material and binding substance was spread in a layer of 10 cm in thickness in air and left under normal conditions until completely dry.

[0036] The resulting material has the properties of Newtonian and non-Newtonian substances. In its original state, it is a taut mass, which in the case of an abrupt physical impact becomes even harder and breaks into pieces.

[0037] With mild impact, it becomes soft and stretches well. When rolling into a spherical form, it jumps like a ball. During the game, it gets warm from the hands and gets saturated with moisture from the palms of hands and becomes soft and fluffy (very gentle and light, as if a cloud with cotton wool was mixed), increasing in volume 3-4 times, so that the rolled spherical form does not longer jump like a ball. When spreading the material in the form of pancake (as flat as possible), it cools down to ambient temperature for a few hours, evaporates moisture from the hands and acquires the non-Newtonian properties again, i.e. it becomes taut and highly elastic.

[0038] Additionally, the elastic material can be molded into figure and baked in an oven at 180 C., wherein baking time depends on the size of the figure. The figure will harden and become solid in the given shape. Molded figures can float on water (they do not sink or lose their properties).

[0039] Having the claimed combination of features (table), composition becomes elastic and gets traits of the Newtonian and non-Newtonian properties.

[0040] The provided method is simple, since the manufacturing process does not require the use of vacuum, high temperatures, harmful/toxic solvents, flammable substances, expensive catalysts based on noble metals, active acids and alkalis. The manufacturing process of the product can be carried out without exhausting system, since this process uses neither volatile substances nor boiling stage.

[0041] The finished product contains an antiseptic agent that prevents bacterial formation and growth.

[0042] It should also be understood that the composition and method disclosed in the materials of the present description, in fact, are exemplary and these specific embodiments should not be understood in a restrictive sense, indeed, numerous variants are possible.

[0043] The object of the present description includes all new and non-obvious combinations and sub-combinations of various compositions and methods disclosed in the materials of the present description.