High order vortex wave antenna and device and method for generating and receiving high order vortex wave

Abstract

A high order vortex wave antenna includes N uniform circle array antennas. The uniform circle array antenna includes M antenna array elements distributed uniformly in axial symmetry on a first circle with a radius of r.sub.1. Each antenna array element coincides with an adjacent element after rotating around a center of the first circle by an angle of 2/M Centers of the first circles of all uniform circle array antennas are distributed uniformly in axial symmetry on a second circle with a radius of r.sub.2. Each uniform circle array antenna coincides with an adjacent uniform circle array antenna after rotating around a center of the second circle by an angle of 2/N.

Claims

1. A high order vortex wave antenna characterized by comprising N uniform circle array antennas; wherein said uniform circle array antenna comprises M antenna array elements distributed uniformly in axial symmetry on a first circle with a radius of r.sub.1, and each antenna array element coincides with an adjacent element after rotating around a center of the first circle by an angle of 2/M; and centers of the first circles of all uniform circle array antennas are distributed uniformly in axial symmetry on a second circle with a radius of r.sub.2, and each uniform circle array antenna coincides with an adjacent uniform circle array antenna after rotating around a center of the second circle by an angle of 2/N.

2. The high order vortex wave antenna of claim 1, characterized in that a spacing between two adjacent elemental antennas is greater than /2, and a spacing between two adjacent uniform circle array antennas is greater than /2, wherein is a wavelength of carrier wave.

3. A device for generating high order vortex waves characterized by comprising the high order vortex wave antenna of claim 1, a parameter controller, a NM phase shifter and a MN phase shifter; wherein said parameter controller is configured to control signal input, grouping and output of the NM phase shifter and the MN phase shifter; said NM phase shifter is configured to phase shift the input signals and output phase shifted results to the MN phase shifter, said MN phase shifter is configured to phase shift signals transmitted by the NM phase shifter and output them to the high order vortex wave antenna, and said high order vortex wave antenna uses the signals transmitted by the MN phase shifter as stimulation to generate high order vortex waves.

4. A method for generating high order vortex waves, characterized by comprising steps of: 1) phase shifting, by the NM phase shifter, the input signals A.sub.n.sup.(m)(t) to generate signals s.sub.n.sup.(m)(t); wherein n is a count of uniform circle array antennas in the high order vortex wave antennas, n=0, 1, 2 . . . (N1); m is a count of antenna array elements in the uniform circle array antenna, m=0, 1, 2 . . . (M1); 2) grouping signals s.sub.n.sup.(m)(t) and outputting them to the MN phase shifter; 3) phase shifting, by the MN phase shifter, signals s.sub.n.sup.(m)(t), generating and outputting signals y.sub.n.sup.(m)(t); and 4) using the signals y.sub.n.sup.(m)(t) as a stimulation for a m.sup.th antenna array element on a n.sup.th uniform circle array antenna in the high order vortex wave antenna to generate high order vortex wave signals.

5. The method for generating high order vortex waves of claim 4, characterized in that the stimulation for the m.sup.th antenna array element on the n.sup.th uniform circle array antenna in the high order vortex wave antenna is: $y_n^{\left(m\right)}\left(t\right)=\underset{k=0}{\overset{N-1}{.Math.}}\underset{p=0}{\overset{M-1}{.Math.}}{\stackrel{.}{A}}_n^{p,k}\left(t\right)e^{j\left(p.Math.\frac{2}{M}m+{\left(\left(k+p\right)\right)}_N.Math.\frac{2}{N}.Math.n\right)}$ wherein, p is a mode of the vortex waves generated by the uniform circle array antenna, p=0, 1, 2 . . . (N1); k is a mode of the vortex waves generated by the high order vortex wave antenna, k=0, 1, 2 . . . (M1); {dot over (A)}.sub.n.sup.p,k(t) is modulated information carried by a second order vortex wave generated by loading a p mode vortex signal of the uniform circle array antenna to a k mode vortex signal of the high order vortex wave antenna; and ((k+p)).sub.N is k+p mod N.

6. A high order vortex wave receiving device characterized by comprising the high order vortex wave antenna of claim 1, a mode controller, a N mode separator and a M mode separator; wherein said mode controller is configured to control signal inputting, grouping and outputting of the N mode separator and the M mode separator; said high order vortex wave antenna is configured to receive high order vortex waves and input element responses to the N mode separator in parallel, said N mode separator is configured to subject the input signals to N mode separation and output separated results to the M mode separator, and said M mode separator is configured to subject signals transmitted by the N mode separator to M mode separation and output separated results to obtain modulated information carried by the high order vortex waves.

7. A method for receiving high order vortex waves, characterized by comprising steps of: 1) receiving, by a high order vortex wave antenna, high order vortex wave signals, and generating, by a m.sup.th antenna array element on a n.sup.th uniform circle array antenna, response signals {tilde over (y)}.sub.n.sup.(m)(t); 2) subjecting, by a N mode separator, signals {tilde over (y)}.sub.n.sup.(m)(t) to N mode separation to obtain signals {tilde over (s)}.sup.(m)(t); 3) grouping signals {tilde over (s)}.sub.n.sup.(m)(t) and inputting them to a M mode separator; 4) subjecting, by a M mode separator, signals {tilde over (s)}.sub.m.sup.(m)(t) to M mode separation to obtain signals .sub.n.sup.(m)(t) and obtaining, from signals .sub.n.sup.(m)(t) modulated information carried by the high order vortex waves.

8. The method for receiving high order vortex waves of claim 7, characterized in that response signal generated by the m.sup.th antenna array element on the n.sup.th uniform circle array antenna in the high order vortex wave antenna is: ${\tilde{y}}_n^{\left(m\right)}\left(t\right)=H.Math.\underset{k=0}{\overset{N-1}{.Math.}}\underset{p=0}{\overset{M-1}{.Math.}}{\stackrel{.}{A}}_n^{p,k}\left(t\right)e^{j\left(p.Math.\frac{2}{M}m+{\left(\left(k+p\right)\right)}_N.Math.\frac{2}{N}.Math.n\right)}$ wherein, H is a space transmission channel function of high order vortex wave signals, p is a mode of the vortex waves generated by the uniform circle array antenna, p=0, 1, 2 . . . (N1); k is a mode of the vortex waves generated by the high order vortex wave antenna, k=0, 1, 2 . . . (M1); {dot over (A)}.sub.n.sup.p,k(t) is modulated information carried by a second order vortex wave generated by loading a p mode vortex signal of the uniform circle array antenna to a k mode vortex signal of the high order vortex wave antenna; and ((k+p)).sub.N is k+p mod N.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a structure diagram of a high order vortex wave antenna according to the present invention.

(2) FIG. 2 is an general view of a method for generating and receiving high order vortex waves according to the present invention.

(3) FIG. 3 is a principle diagram of a high order vortex wave generating device according to the present invention.

(4) FIG. 4 is a principle diagram of a high order vortex wave receiving device according to the present invention.

(5) Reference numerals: 1high order vortex wave antenna, 2Nm phase shifter, 3MN phase shifter, 4parameter controller, 5N mode separator, 6M mode separator, 7mode controller.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(6) The the present invention provides a rotationally, fractally nested high order vortex wave transmitting and receiving antenna layout structure facing an uniform circle array (UCA) and provides a method for generating and receiving and separating high order multi-mode vortex waves with UCA rotationally fractally nested high order vortex wave antenna and a device for implementing the same.

(7) Referring to FIG. 1, the high order vortex wave antenna of the present invention is of a UCA nested structure without mutual crossing formed of N copies of a uniform circle array (UCA) antenna with a radius of r.sub.1 an element spacing d2/2 (, being the carrier wave's wavelength) and the number of elements of A/by distributing them on a circle with a radius of r.sub.2 with equal intervals after rotating them in the same direction by

(8) ${}_n=\frac{2.Math.n}{N}\left(n=0,1,\mathrm{.Math.},N-1\right)$
sequentially, and wherein the minimum value of spacing between different elements of two UCAs with the radius of r.sub.1 on the circle with the radius of r.sub.2 is greater than or equal to /2, and the high order vortex wave transmitting and receiving antenna structure is characterized by rotationally fractally nested UCA.

(9) Denoting the UCA with radius of r.sub.1 in the antenna as UCA.sub.n n=0, 1, . . . , N1) and establishing a frame of reference from the geometric center of the antenna, the UCA.sub.n n=0, 1, . . . , N1) are on a circle with radius of r.sub.2 and rotated by

(10) ${}_n=\frac{2.Math.n}{N}\left(n=0,1,\mathrm{.Math.},N-1\right)$
one by one, then the element No. 0 of UCA.sub.n n=0, 1, . . . , N1) is on a circle with radius of r.sub.1+r.sub.2, the element No. 1 of UCA.sub.n n=0, 1, . . . , N1) is also on the same circle, and so on, and finally the element No. M1 of UCA.sub.n n=0, 1, . . . , N1) is also on the same circle.

(11) Referring to FIG. 2, the method for generating multi-mode high order signals at the receiving side of the rotationally fractally nested high order vortex wave facing UCA is to generate high order vortex wave signals with UCA rotationally fractally nested antenna. It is known from the UCA rotationally fractally nested antenna element layout structure, a UCA with a radius of r.sub.1 and the number of elements of may generate m vortex signals of different modes by itself; taking a UCA with a radius of r.sub.1 and the number of elements of M as an element, a UCA with a radius of r.sub.2 may then generate N vortex signals of different modes; modulating the multi-mode vortex waves generated by the UCA with the radius of r.sub.1 onto one mode of the multi-mode vortex signals generated by the UCA with a radius of r.sub.2 would generate the high order vortex wave signals described in the present invention.

(12) The method for receiving multi-mode high order vortex wave signals at the receiving side of rotationally fractally nested high order vortex waves facing UCA is to receive spatial high order vortex wave signals using UCA rotationally fractally nested antenna. According to the UCA rotationally fractally nested high order vortex wave antenna array layout structure, responses of the same element serial numbers are obtained sequentially in N UCAs with the radius of r.sub.1 and the number of elements of M on the radius of r.sub.2 firstly, and the obtained responses are subjected to N-point spatial orthogonal transformation which can extract reduced order vortex wave information of corresponding elements that are grouped according to their relationship with corresponding elements of the N UCAs with a radius of r.sub.1 and the number of elements of M, then the reduced order vortex wave information is subjected to M-point spatial orthogonal transformation according to groups respectively, which may extract the modulated information carried on the high order vortex waves.

(13) Referring to FIG. 3, a frame of reference is established based on the geometric center of the high order vortex wave antenna 1 and denoted as XOY, and frames of reference are established based on respective centers of UCA.sub.n, (n=0, 1, . . . , N1) and denoted as XOY n=0, 1, . . . , N1), and XOY is a translated rotation of XOY (with a rotation angle of

(14) ${}_n=\frac{2.Math.n}{N},$
n=0, 1, . . . , N1). Under the frame of reference XOY, UCA.sub.n, generates high order multi-mode vortex wave signals:

(15) $\begin{array}{cc}{y}_l\left(t,,\right)=\underset{k=0}{\overset{N-1}{.Math.}}\underset{p=0}{\overset{M-1}{.Math.}}{\stackrel{.}{A}}_n^{p,k}\left(t\right)e^{j\left(p.Math.+{\left(\left(k+p\right)\right)}_N.Math.\right)}& \left(1\right)\end{array}$

(16) wherein {dot over (A)}.sub.n.sup.p,k(t) (k=0, 1, . . . , N1, p=0, 1, . . . , M1) is the modulated information carried by the second order vortex waves generated by loading UCA.sub.n's p mode vortex signals onto the k mode vortex signals of the UCA with UCA.sub.n, as elements, p is the vortex wave mode generated by UCA.sub.n, (n=0, 1, . . . , N1) (the number of elements of UCA.sub.n, is M, therefore p=0, 1, . . . , M1), k is the vortex wave mode generated by the UCA consisting of UCA.sub.n, (n=0, 1, . . . , N1) as elements, a is the azimuthal angle of the propagation direction of the vortex waves generated by the UCA with UCA.sub.n, (n=0, 1, . . . , N1) as elements, is the azimuthal angle of the propagation direction of the vortex waves generated by UCA.sub.n, (n=0, 1, . . . , N1), and ((k+p)).sub.N is k+p mod N;

(17) The stimulation corresponding to element UCA.sub.n.sup.(m) (n=0, 1, . . . , N1, m=0, 1, . . . , M1) in the high order vortex wave UCA rotationally fractally nested antenna is

(18) $\begin{array}{cc}{y}_n^{\left(m\right)}\left(t\right)=\underset{k=0}{\overset{N-1}{.Math.}}\underset{p=0}{\overset{M-1}{.Math.}}{\stackrel{.}{A}}_n^{p,k}\left(t\right)e^{j\left(p.Math.\frac{2}{M}m+{\left(\left(k+p\right)\right)}_N.Math.\frac{2}{N}.Math.n\right)}& \left(2\right)\end{array}$

(19) In FIG. 3, using y.sub.n.sup.(m)(t) as the stimulation for element UCA.sub.n.sup.(m).sub.n=0, 1, . . . N1, . . . , N1, m=0, 1, . . . , M1) may generate the high order vortex wave signals described in the present invention. The vortex waves that may be generated with the antenna according to the present invention is of the second order and the maximum value of the generated signals is NM.

(20) The method for separating multi-mode high order vortex waves is as follows. The two communicating parties apply the antenna described in the present invention both of which operate in the high order vortex wave TX/RX mode and have their TX/RX antennas aligned in parallel. As shown in FIG. 4, in the plane in which the receiving antenna elements are located, a frame of reference, denoted as XOY, is established based on the geometric center of the antenna, and independent frames of reference denoted as XOY.sub.n=0, 1, . . . , N1) respectively are established based on respective centers of UCA.sub.n n=0, 1, . . . , N1) and XOY.sub.n is XOY's translation and rotation

(21) ${}_n=\frac{2.Math.n}{N}\left(n=0,1,\mathrm{.Math.},N-1\right),$
and responses of individual elements are {tilde over (y)}.sub.n.sup.(i)(t) (i=0, 1, . . . , M1, n=0, 1, . . . , N1). {{tilde over (y)}.sub.0.sup.(0), {tilde over (y)}.sub.1.sup.(0)(t), . . . , {tilde over (y)}.sub.N-1.sup.(0)(t)} is subjected to FFT spatial orthogonal separation to obtain {{tilde over (s)}.sub.0.sup.(0)(t), {tilde over (s)}.sub.1.sup.(0)(t), . . . , {tilde over (s)}.sub.N-1.sup.(0)(t)}, {{tilde over (y)}.sub.0.sup.(1)(t), {tilde over (y)}.sub.1.sup.(1)(t), . . . , {tilde over (y)}.sub.N-1.sup.(1)(t)} is subjected to FFT spatial orthogonal separation to obtain {{tilde over (s)}.sub.0.sup.(1)(t), {tilde over (s)}.sub.1.sup.(1)(t), . . . , {tilde over (s)}.sub.N-1.sup.(1)(t)} similarly, and so on, until {{tilde over (y)}.sub.0.sup.(M-1)(t), {tilde over (y)}.sub.1.sup.(M-1)(t), . . . , {tilde over (y)}.sub.N-1.sup.(M-1)(t)} is subjected to FFT spatial orthogonal separation to obtain {{tilde over (s)}.sub.0.sup.(M-1)(t), {tilde over (s)}.sub.1.sup.(M-1)(t), . . . , {tilde over (s)}.sub.N-1.sup.(M-1)(t)}. Then {{tilde over (s)}.sub.n.sup.(0)(t), {tilde over (s)}.sub.n.sup.(1)(t), . . . , {tilde over (s)}.sub.n.sup.(M-1)(t)} is subjected to FFT spatial orthogonal separation to obtain modulated information carried by UCA.sub.n's M mode vortex wave signals. Traversing n=0, 1, . . . , N1 may separate all modulated information carried by high order vortex waves from {{tilde over (s)}.sub.n.sup.(0)(t), {tilde over (s)}.sub.n.sup.(1)(t), . . . , {tilde over (s)}.sub.n.sup.(M-1)(t)}.

(22) The method for separating high order vortex wave signals includes the following steps.

(23) (a) Received signals are denoted as {tilde over (y)}(t), then it holds

(24) $\begin{array}{cc}\tilde{y}\left(t\right)=H.Math.\underset{k=0}{\overset{N-1}{.Math.}}\underset{p=0}{\overset{M-1}{.Math.}}{\stackrel{.}{A}}_n^{p,k}\left(t\right)e^{j\left(p.Math.+{\left(\left(k+p\right)\right)}_N.Math.\right)}& \left(3\right)\end{array}$

(25) wherein k=0, 1, . . . , N1, p=0, 1, . . . , M1 and H are channel functions;

(26) (b) The high order vortex wave signals received by the receiving antenna element UCA.sub.n.sup.(m) (n=0, 1, . . . , N1, =0, 1, . . . , M1) are

(27) 0$\begin{array}{cc}{\tilde{y}}_n^{\left(m\right)}\left(t\right)=H.Math.\underset{k=0}{\overset{N-1}{.Math.}}\underset{p=0}{\overset{M-1}{.Math.}}{\stackrel{.}{A}}_n^{p,k}\left(t\right)e^{j\left(p.Math.\frac{2}{M}m+{\left(\left(k+p\right)\right)}_N.Math.\frac{2}{N}.Math.n\right)}& \left(4\right)\end{array}$

(28) wherein n=0, 1, . . . , N1, m=0, 1, . . . , M1;

(29) (c) {{tilde over (y)}.sub.0.sup.(m)(t), {tilde over (y)}.sub.1.sup.(m)(t), . . . , {tilde over (y)}.sub.N-1.sup.(m)(t)} is subjected to N mode separation and it comes that

(30) $\begin{array}{cc}{\tilde{s}}_n^{\left(m\right)}\left(t\right)=\underset{n=0}{\overset{N-1}{.Math.}}{\tilde{y}}_n^{\left(m\right)}\left(t\right).Math.e^{-j.Math.n.Math.\frac{2}{N}.Math.k}& \left(5\right)\end{array}$

(31) wherein m=0, 1, M1, k=0, 1, . . . , N1;

(32) (d) {{tilde over (s)}.sub.n.sup.(0)(t), {tilde over (s)}.sub.n.sup.(1)(t), . . . , {tilde over (s)}.sub.n.sup.(M-1)(t)} is subjected to M mode separation and it comes that

(33) $\begin{array}{cc}{\stackrel{.}{A}}_n^p\left(t\right)=\frac{1}{H}\underset{p=0}{\overset{M-1}{.Math.}}{\tilde{s}}_n^{\left(m\right)}\left(t\right).Math.e^{-j.Math.p.Math.\frac{2}{M}.Math.m}& \left(6\right)\end{array}$

(34) wherein p=0, 1, . . . , M1, {dot over (A)}.sub.n.sup.p(t) obtains information (containing amplitude and phase) from the p mode vortex signals of UCA.sub.n n=0, 1, . . . , N1) and traversing n=0, 1, . . . , N1 may obtain all modulated information carried by the high order vortex waves described in the present invention.

(35) For those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the above-mentioned technical solution and concepts while all these changes and modifications should be encompassed in the scope of the claims of the present invention.