CATALYST FILLER FOR PURIFYING WATER IN AQUARIUMS AND PREPARATION METHOD AND USE THEREOF

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a catalyst filler for purifying water in aquariums and a preparation method and a use thereof. The catalyst filler comprises iron element, carbon element, nickel element and rare earth element; in which the contents of each element in the catalyst filler by mass percent are: iron element 30 wt %-70 wt %; carbon element 20 wt %-50 wt %; nickel element 1 wt %-10 wt %; rare earth element 0.1 wt %-2 wt %. The catalyst filler of the present disclosure, in the use environment, can result in generation of hydroxyl groups and dissociation to micro-element ions, which can degrade nitrites, organic amines and organic sulfides in water bodies, and convert phosphoric acid into precipitates. The organic molecules treated by hydroxyl groups are more easily utilized by denitrifying bacteria, thereby increasing efficiency of denitrification-denitrogenation and purifying the water.

Claims

1. A catalyst filler for purifying water in aquariums, in which the catalyst filler comprises iron element, carbon element, nickel element and rare earth element; wherein the contents of each element in the catalyst filler by mass percent are: TABLE-US-00005 iron element 30 wt %-70 wt %; carbon element 20 wt %-50 wt %; nickel element 1 wt %-10 wt %; rare earth element 0.1 wt %-2 wt %..sup.

2. The catalyst filler according to claim 1, in which the contents of each element in the catalyst filler by mass percent are: TABLE-US-00006 iron element 40 wt %-60 wt %; carbon element 25 wt %-30 wt %; nickel element 4 wt %-8 wt %; rare earth element 0.8 wt %-1.3 wt %.

3. The catalyst filler according to claim 1, in which the rare earth element comprises any one selected from the group consisting of Ce, La, Pr, and a combination of at least two selected therefrom.

4. The catalyst filler according to claim 1, in which the catalyst filler does not contain elements of copper, zinc and chromium which are harmful to aquatic organisms.

5. The catalyst filler according to claim 1, in which the catalyst filler further comprises aluminum element and/or silicon element.

6. The catalyst filler according to claim 5, in which the aluminum element is added in an amount of 1 wt %-10 wt % based on the total mass of the catalyst filler.

7. The catalyst filler according to claim 5, in which the silicon element is added in an amount of 1 wt %-10 wt % based on the total mass of the catalyst filler.

8. The catalyst filler according to claim 1, in which the catalyst filler comprises iron element, carbon element, nickel element, rare earth element, aluminum element and silicon element, and the contents of each element in the catalyst filler by mass percent are: TABLE-US-00007 iron element 40 wt %-60 wt %; carbon element 25 wt %-30 wt %; nickel element 4 wt %-8 wt %; aluminum element 5 wt %-10 wt %; silicon element 2 wt %-5 wt %; rare earth element 0.1 wt %-2 wt %..sup.

9. A preparation method of the catalyst filler according to claim 1, in which the method comprises the following steps: precursor raw materials are mixed and granulated, calcined under a reducing atmosphere, and then cooled under a reducing atmosphere to obtain the catalyst filler.

10. The preparation method according to claim 9, in which the precursor raw materials comprise an iron source, a carbon source, a nickel source and a rare earth element source.

11. The preparation method according to claim 10, in which the iron source comprises any one selected from the group consisting of iron filings, iron powder, iron oxide slag, and a combination of at least two selected therefrom; the carbon source comprises any one selected from the group consisting of carbon powder, cellulose powder, methyl cellulose powder, and a combination of at least two selected therefrom; the nickel source comprises elemental nickel and/or nickel oxide; the rare earth element source comprises elemental rare earth elements and/or rare earth element oxides.

12. The preparation method according to claim 10, in which the precursor raw materials further comprise an aluminum source and/or a silicon source.

13. The preparation method according to claim 12, in which the aluminum source comprises elemental aluminum and/or aluminum oxide.

14. The preparation method according to claim 12, in which the silicon source comprises elemental silicon and/or silicon oxide.

15. The preparation method according to claim 9, in which the proportion of each raw material in the precursor raw materials is determined according to the contents of each element in the finally obtained catalyst filler.

16. The preparation method according to claim 9, in which the mixing and granulating operation forms any one selected from the group consisting of spherical particles, cylindrical particles, polygonal particles, and a combination of at least two selected therefrom; the particles formed by the mixing and granulating operation have a maximum diameter of 30 mm.

17. The preparation method according to claim 9, in which the temperature for the calcination is 800 C.-1300 C.; the reducing atmosphere is hydrogen gas and/or carbon monoxide gas; the cooling is cooling to 100 C. or less.

18. A method for purifying water in an aquarium by using the catalyst filler according to claim 1 without the need to additionally set electrodes or an externally-applied electric field.

19. The method according to claim 18, in which the catalyst filler is added to the aquarium in an amount of 3 g-40 g per 30 L water.

20. The method according to claim 18, in which the water body treated with the catalyst of the aquarium to which the catalyst filler is added is introduced to a biological filter bed, and returned to the aquarium after being treated by the biological filter bed for cyclic utilization.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to better explain the present disclosure and to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the present disclosure will be further described in detail below. However, the following examples are merely simple examples of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure. The protection scope of the present disclosure is defined by the claims.

[0056] Detailed description of the present disclosure provides a catalyst filler for purifying water in aquariums and a preparation method and a use thereof, wherein the catalyst filler comprises iron element, carbon element, nickel element and rare earth element;

[0057] in which the contents of each element in the catalyst filler by mass percent are:

TABLE-US-00004 iron element 30 wt %-70 wt %; carbon element 20 wt %-50 wt %; nickel element 1 wt %-10 wt %; rare earth element 0.1 wt %-2 wt %..sup.

[0058] Its preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0059] precursor raw materials are mixed and granulated, calcined under an air-insulated condition, and then cooled under a reducing atmosphere to obtain the catalyst filler.

[0060] The catalyst filler is used for purifying water in an aquarium without setting electrodes in the aquarium.

[0061] The followings are typical but non-limiting examples of the present disclosure:

EXAMPLE 1

[0062] The present example provides a catalyst filler and a preparation method and a use thereof, wherein the catalyst filler comprises iron element, carbon element, nickel element and rare earth element, and the contents of each element are: 60 wt % of iron element, 32 wt % of carbon element, 7 wt % of nickel element, and 1 wt % of rare earth element.

[0063] The preparation method of the catalyst filler is:

[0064] According to the above contents, iron powder, carbon powder, elemental nickel and oxides of rare earth elements Ce and La were mixed and granulated to form spherical particles having a particle diameter of 25 mm, and the particles were calcined at 1000 C. to 1100 C. under an air-insulated condition, and then cooled under a reducing atmosphere to obtain the catalyst filler.

[0065] The prepared catalyst filler was immersed in the water body of an aquarium via a container for purification, and no electrode was arranged in the aquarium. 10 g of catalyst filler was added per 30 L of water, and the water body treated by the catalyst was filtered through a biological filter bed and returned to cyclic utilization.

[0066] Through the catalyst of the present example combined with a biological filter bed and a circulating water pump installed in an aquarium added with 0.8 g/L of nitrites and 0.08 g/L of phosphates, and a control tank containing only a biological filter bed and a circulating water pump was arranged at the same time, changes in nitrites and phosphates over time were investigated. After testing, it was found that after 5 days, the content of nitrites was decreased to less than 0.3 g/L and the content of phosphates was decreased to less than 0.016 g/L in the aquarium arranged with the catalyst and biological filter bed. At the same time, there was almost no change in the contents of nitrites and phosphates in the control tank.

EXAMPLE 2

[0067] The present example provides a catalyst filler and a preparation method and a use thereof, wherein the catalyst filler comprises iron element, carbon element, nickel element and rare earth element, and the contents of each element are: 60 wt % of iron element, 25 wt % of carbon element, 5 wt % of nickel element, 1 wt % of rare earth element, and 5wt % of aluminum element, 4wt % of silicon element.

[0068] The preparation method of the catalyst filler is:

[0069] According to the above contents, iron powder, carbon powder, nickel oxide, oxides of rare earth elements Ce and Pr, aluminum oxide and silicon oxide were mixed and granulated to form spherical particles having a particle diameter of 10 mm, and the particles were calcined at 1000 C. to 1100 C. under an air-insulated condition, and then cooled under a reducing atmosphere to obtain the catalyst filler.

[0070] The prepared catalyst filler was immersed in the water body of an aquarium via a container for purification, and no electrode was arranged in the aquarium. 10 g of catalyst filler was added per 30 L of water, and the water body treated by the catalyst was filtered through a biological filter bed and returned to cyclic utilization.

[0071] Through the catalyst of the present example combined with a biological filter bed and a circulating water pump installed in an aquarium added with 0.8 g/L of nitrites and 0.08 g/L of phosphates, and a control tank containing only a biological filter bed and a circulating water pump was arranged at the same time, changes in nitrites and phosphates over time were investigated. After testing, it was found that after 3 days, the content of nitrites was decreased to less than 0.3 g/L and the content of phosphates was decreased to less than 0.016 g/L in the aquarium arranged with the catalyst and biological filter bed. At the same time, there was almost no change in the contents of nitrites and phosphates in the control tank.

EXAMPLE 3

[0072] The present example provides a catalyst filler and a preparation method and a use thereof, wherein the catalyst filler comprises iron element, carbon element, nickel element and rare earth element, and the contents of each element are: 50 wt % of iron element, 35 wt % of carbon element, 4 wt % of nickel element, 2 wt % of rare earth element, 6 wt % of aluminum element, 2 wt % of silicon element.

[0073] The preparation method of the catalyst filler is:

[0074] According to the above contents, iron powder, carbon powder, elemental nickel, oxides of rare earth elements Ce, La and Pr, aluminum oxide and silicon oxide were mixed and granulated to form cylindrical particles having a particle diameter of 15 mm, and the particles were calcined at 850 C. to 900 C. under an air-insulated condition, and then cooled under a reducing atmosphere to obtain the catalyst filler.

[0075] The prepared catalyst filler was immersed in the water body of an aquarium via a container for purification, and no electrode was arranged in the aquarium. 20 g of catalyst filler was added per 30 L of water, and the water body treated by the catalyst was filtered through a biological filter bed and returned to cyclic utilization.

[0076] The catalyst described in the present example was used to purify the water in the aquarium, and the purification mode and the setting of the control group were referred to Example 1. After testing, it was found that after 4 days, the content of nitrites was decreased to less than 0.3 g/L and the content of phosphates was decreased to less than 0.016 g/L in the aquarium arranged with the catalyst and biological filter bed. At the same time, there was almost no change in the contents of nitrites and phosphates in the control tank.

EXAMPLE 4

[0077] The present example provides a catalyst filler and a preparation method and a use thereof, wherein the catalyst filler comprises iron element, carbon element, nickel element and rare earth element, and the contents of each element are: 40 wt % of iron element, 45 wt % of carbon element, 8 wt % of nickel element, 0.5 wt % of rare earth element, 2 wt % of aluminum element, 4.5 wt % of silicon element.

[0078] The preparation method of the catalyst filler is:

[0079] According to the above contents, iron powder, carbon powder, elemental nickel, oxides of rare earth elements Ce, La and Pr, aluminum oxide and silicon oxide were mixed and granulated to form polygonal particles having a particle diameter of 15 mm, and the particles were calcined at 1200 C. to 1300 C. under an air-insulated condition, and then cooled under a reducing atmosphere to obtain the catalyst filler.

[0080] The prepared catalyst filler was immersed in the water body of an aquarium via a container for purification, and no electrode was arranged in the aquarium. 30g of catalyst filler was added per 30 L of water, and the water body treated by the catalyst was filtered through a biological filter bed and returned to cyclic utilization.

[0081] The catalyst described in the present example was used to purify the water in the aquarium, and the purification mode and the setting of the control group were referred to Example 1. After testing, it was found that after 4 days, the content of nitrites was decreased to less than 0.3 g/L and the content of phosphates was decreased to less than 0.016 g/L in the aquarium arranged with the catalyst and biological filter bed. At the same time, there was almost no change in the contents of nitrites and phosphates in the control tank.

COMPARISON EXAMPLE 1

[0082] The present comparison example provides a catalyst filler and a preparation method and a use thereof. The catalyst filler has the same composition as that in Example 1 except that it does not comprise iron element.

[0083] The preparation and application of the catalyst filler were referred to Example 1.

[0084] Since iron element was not added in the catalyst filler of the present comparison example, it cannot constitute a galvanic cell structure required for micro-electrolysis in water, and thus the effect of purifying the water body cannot be achieved. Through the catalyst of the present comparison example combined with a biological filter bed and a circulating water pump installed in an aquarium added with 0.8 g/L of nitrites and 0.08 g/L of phosphates, changes in nitrites and phosphates over time were investigated. After testing, it was found that after 10 days, there was almost no change in the contents of nitrites and phosphates in the aquarium.

COMPARISON EXAMPLE 2

[0085] The present comparison example provides a catalyst filler and a preparation method and a use thereof, The catalyst filler has the same composition as that in Example 1 except that it does not comprise nickel element.

[0086] The preparation and application of the catalyst filler were referred to Example 1.

[0087] The catalyst filler of the present comparison example had lowered micro-electrolysis efficiency due to no addition of nickel element. Through the catalyst of the present comparison example combined with a biological filter bed and a circulating water pump installed in an aquarium added with 0.8 g/L of nitrites and 0.08 g/L of phosphates, changes in nitrites and phosphates over time were investigated. After testing, it was found that after 10-15 days, the content of nitrites was decreased to less than 0.3 g/L and the content of phosphates was decreased to less than 0.016 g/L in the aquarium.

COMPARISON EXAMPLE 3

[0088] The present comparison example provides a catalyst filler and a preparation method and a use thereof, The catalyst filler has the same composition as that in Example 1 except that it does not comprise rare earth elements.

[0089] The preparation and application of the catalyst filler were referred to Example 1.

[0090] The catalyst filler of the present comparison example had lowered micro-electrolysis efficiency due to no addition of rare earth elements. Through the catalyst of the present comparison example combined with a biological filter bed and a circulating water pump installed in an aquarium added with 0.8 g/L of nitrites and 0.08 g/L of phosphates, changes in nitrites and phosphates over time were investigated. After testing, it was found that after 10-15 days, the content of nitrites was decreased to less than 0.3 g/L and the content of phosphates was decreased to less than 0.05g/L in the aquarium.

[0091] As can be seen from the above examples and comparison examples, the catalyst filler of the present disclosure does not need to be used in conjunction with electrodes in the process of purifying the aquarium, has no risk of electricity leakage, and is convenient to use; moreover, the catalyst filler of the present disclosure, in the use process, can result in generation of hydroxyl groups and dissociation to micro-element ions by micro-electrolysis, which can degrade nitrites, organic amines and organic sulfides and convert phosphoric acid into precipitates. The organic molecules treated by hydroxyl groups are more easily utilized by denitrifying bacteria, thereby increasing efficiency of denitrification-denitrogenation, making the concentration of accumulated pollutants in the water body down to a range suitable for aquaculture organisms.

[0092] The applicant declares that the present disclosure discloses the process via the aforesaid examples. However, the present disclosure is not limited by the aforesaid process steps. That is to say, it does not mean that the present disclosure cannot be carried out unless the aforesaid process steps are carried out. Those skilled in the art shall know that any improvement, equivalent replacement of the parts of the present disclosure, addition of auxiliary parts, selection of specific modes and the like all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present disclosure.