Mandrel and a method for soil compaction

Abstract

A method and a mandrel for forming a cavity at a target location. The mandrel may include a main drilling shaft, a plurality of T-shaped elements, a hollow-cylindrical-shaped element, and a plurality of parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plates. The main drilling shaft may include a hammer insertion part positioned at a first end of the main drilling shaft, a bore head positioned at a second end of the main drilling shaft, and a medium part positioned between the hammer insertion part and the bore head. The plurality of T-shaped elements may be mounted adjacently around the medium part in a way such that forming a closed octagonal from a top-view of the mandrel. A first size of a first cross-section at a first location from a top-view of the plurality of T-shaped elements around the medium part may be larger than a second size of a second cross-section at a second location from the top-view.

Claims

1. A mandrel for forming a cavity at a target location, the mandrel comprising: a main drilling shaft comprising a cylindrical-shaped structure, the main drilling shaft comprising: a hammer insertion part positioned at a first end of the main drilling shaft; a bore head positioned at a second end of the main drilling shaft, the bore head being configured to tamper through hard rock surfaces; and a medium part positioned between the hammer insertion part and the bore head; a plurality of T-shaped elements mounted adjacently around the medium part, the plurality of T-shaped elements forming a closed octagonal from a top-view of the mandrel, wherein: a first size of a first cross-section at a first location from a top-view of the plurality of T-shaped elements around the medium part is larger than a second size of a second cross-section at a second location from the top-view, the first location closer to the hammer insertion part and the second location closer to the bore head; and each respective T-shaped element of the plurality of T-shaped elements comprising: a first trapezoid-shaped plate comprising a trapezoid face; and a second trapezoid-shaped plate comprising a first edge and a second edge, the second trapezoid-shaped plate attached at the first edge of the second trapezoid-shaped plate to the trapezoid face of the first trapezoid-shaped plate; a hollow cylindrical-shaped element mounted onto the main drilling shaft, the hollow cylindrical-shaped element comprising: a main drilling shaft insertion hole; a hollow-cylindrical section comprising a top surface and a bottom surface; and a hollow-beveled section comprising a large-diameter circular surface and an outer beveled surface, the hollow-beveled section attached at the large-diameter circular surface to the bottom surface of the hollow cylindrical section; and a plurality of parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plates mounted around the medium part of the main drilling shaft, each respective parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plate of the plurality of parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plates comprising a third edge and a fourth edge, each parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plate of the plurality of parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plates attached at the respective third edge to the outer beveled surface of the hollow-beveled section and attached at the respective fourth edge to the medium part of the main drilling shaft.

2. The mandrel of claim 1, wherein the hollow cylindrical-shaped element attached at the top surface of the hollow-cylindrical section to a bottom end of the plurality of T-shaped elements.

3. The mandrel of claim 1, wherein the bore head comprises a wedge-shaped tip.

4. The mandrel of claim 1, wherein a diameter of the hammer insertion part corresponds to a size of a mechanical vibratory hammer.

5. A method for soil compaction at a target location, the method comprising: positioning a mandrel above the target location, the mandrel comprising: a main drilling shaft comprising a cylindrical-shaped structure, the main drilling shaft comprising: a hammer insertion part positioned at a first end of the main drilling shaft; a bore head positioned at a second end of the main drilling shaft, the bore head being configured to tamper through hard rock surfaces; and a medium part positioned between the hammer insertion part and the bore head; a plurality of T-shaped elements attached around the medium part of the main drilling shaft, the plurality of T-shaped elements forming a closed octagonal from a top-view of the mandrel, wherein: a first size of a first cross-section at a first location from a top-view of the plurality of T-shaped elements around the medium part is larger than a second size of a second cross section at a second location from the top-view, the first location closer to the hammer insertion part and the second location closer to the bore head; and each respective T-shaped element from the plurality of T-shaped elements comprising: a first trapezoid-shaped plate comprising a trapezoid face; a second trapezoid-shaped plate comprising a first edge and a second edge, the second trapezoid-shaped plate attached from the first edge of the second trapezoid-shaped plate to the trapezoid face of the first trapezoid-shaped plate; a hollow cylindrical-shaped element mounted onto the main drilling shaft, the hollow cylindrical-shaped element comprising: a hollow-cylindrical section comprising a top surface and a bottom surface; a hollow-beveled section comprising a large-diameter circular surface and an outer beveled surface, the hollow-beveled section attached from the large-diameter circular surface to the bottom surface of the hollow cylindrical section; a plurality of parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plates, each respective parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plate from the plurality of parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plates comprising a third edge and a fourth edge, wherein the parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plate is attached from the third edge to the outer beveled surface of the hollow-beveled section and attached from the fourth edge to the medium part of the main drilling shaft; generating a conical-shaped cavity by driving the mandrel into the target location; extracting the mandrel from the conical-shaped cavity; generating an aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity by filling the conical-shaped cavity with aggregate; compacting the aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity by ramming a first hammering device onto a top surface of the aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity; covering the filled conical-shaped cavity with a layer of the aggregate; compacting the layer of the aggregate by ramming a second hammering device onto a top surface of the layer of the aggregate.

6. A method for soil compaction at a target location, the method comprising: positioning a conical-shaped device above the target location; generating a conical-shaped cavity by driving the conical-shaped device into the target location; extracting the conical-shaped device from the conical-shaped cavity; generating an aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity by filling the conical-shaped cavity with aggregate; compacting the aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity by ramming a first hammering device onto a top surface of the aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity; covering the filled conical-shaped cavity with a layer of the aggregate; and compacting the layer of the aggregate by ramming a second hammering device onto a top surface of the layer of the aggregate, wherein the ramming the first hammer device and the ramming the second hammering device comprises respectively ramming in a vertical direction.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein positioning the conical-shaped device above the target location comprises positioning a mandrel above the target location, the mandrel comprising: a main drilling shaft comprising a cylindrical-shaped structure, the main drilling shaft comprising: a hammer insertion part positioned at a first end of the main drilling shaft; a bore head positioned at a second end of the main drilling shaft, the bore head being configured to tamper through hard rock surfaces; and a medium part positioned between the hammer insertion part and the bore head; a plurality of T-shaped elements mounted around the medium part of the main drilling shaft, the plurality of T-shaped elements forming a closed octagonal from a top-view of the mandrel, wherein each respective T-shaped element from the plurality of T-shaped elements comprising: a first trapezoid-shaped plate comprising a trapezoid face; a second trapezoid-shaped plate comprising a first edge and a second edge, the second trapezoid-shaped plate attached from the first edge of the second trapezoid-shaped plate to the trapezoid face of the first trapezoid-shaped plate; a hollow cylindrical-shaped element mounted onto the main drilling shaft, the hollow cylindrical-shaped element comprising: a hollow-cylindrical section comprising a top surface and a bottom surface; a hollow-beveled section comprising a large-diameter circular surface and an outer beveled surface, the hollow-beveled section attached from the large-diameter circular surface to the bottom surface of the hollow cylindrical section; a plurality of parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plates, each respective parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plate from the plurality of parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plates comprising a third edge and a fourth edge, wherein each respective parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plate is attached at the respective third edge to the outer beveled surface of the hollow-beveled section and attached at the respective fourth edge to the medium part of the main drilling shaft.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the bore head comprises a wedge-shaped tip.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the plurality of T-shaped elements are mounted adjacently around the medium part of the main drilling shaft, the plurality of T-shaped elements forming a closed octagonal from a top view of the mandrel.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein the hollow cylindrical-shaped element attached at the top surface of the hollow-cylindrical section to a bottom end of the plurality of T-shaped elements.

11. The method of claim 7, wherein a diameter of the hammer insertion part corresponds to a size of a mechanical vibratory hammer.

12. The method of claim 6, wherein generating a conical-shaped cavity by driving the conical-shaped device inside the target location comprises generating a conical-shaped cavity by driving the conical-shaped device into the target location utilizing a mechanical vibratory hammer.

13. The method of claim 6, wherein extracting the conical-shaped device from the conical-shaped cavity comprises extracting the conical-shaped device from the conical-shaped cavity utilizing a mechanical vibratory hammer.

14. The method of claim 6, wherein generating an aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity comprises filling the conical-shaped cavity with one of a gravel material, a loose sandy soil, a clayey soil, a medium density soil, a hard rock soil, and combination thereof.

15. The method of claim 6, wherein compacting the aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity by ramming the first hammering device onto a top surface of the aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity comprises compacting the aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity by ramming a high-frequency impact tamper onto a top surface of the aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity, the high-frequency impact tamper comprising: a rod comprising a first end and a second end, the rod being inserted in a mechanical vibratory hammer from the first end of the rod; and a ramming head attached to the rod; the ramming head comprising: a rod attaching section, wherein the ramming head attached from the rod attaching section to the second end of the rod; a beveled-shaped ramming tip; and a cylindrical section positioned between the rod attaching section and the beveled-shaped ramming tip.

16. The method of claim 6, wherein covering the filled conical-shaped cavity with a layer of aggregate on the ground comprises covering the filled conical-shaped cavity with one of a layer of gravel material, a layer of loose sandy soil, a layer of clayey soil, a layer of medium density soil, a layer of hard rock soil, or combination thereof.

17. The method of claim 6, wherein compacting the layer of aggregate by ramming the second hammering device onto a top surface of the layer of aggregate comprises compacting the layer of aggregate by ramming a sheep foot compacting device onto a top surface of the layer of aggregate, the sheep foot compacting device comprising: a rod comprising a first end and a second end, wherein the rod being inserted in a mechanical vibratory hammer from the first end of the rod; a beveled-shaped element comprising a top end and a bottom end, the bevel-shaped element attached from the top end of the beveled-shaped element to the second end of the rod; and a reduced conical tip attached to the bottom end of the beveled-shaped element.

18. The method of claim 6, wherein generating an aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity by filling the conical-shaped cavity with aggregate and compacting the aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity are repeated in a cycle until the top surface of the aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity reaches a predefined threshold.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the predetermined threshold is a ground level.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The drawing figures depict one or more implementations in accord with the present teachings, by way of example only, not by way of limitation. In the figures, like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements.

(2) FIG. 1A illustrates a perspective view of a mandrel gripped by a mechanical vibratory hammer for forming a cavity at a target location, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

(3) FIG. 1B illustrates a front view and two top sectional-view of a mandrel gripped by a mechanical vibratory hammer for forming a cavity at a target location, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

(4) FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of a main drilling shaft of a mandrel, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

(5) FIG. 3A illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary T-shaped element of a mandrel, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

(6) FIG. 3B illustrates a side view of an exemplary T-shaped element of a mandrel, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

(7) FIG. 3C illustrates a top view of an exemplary T-shaped element of a mandrel, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

(8) FIG. 4A illustrates a perspective view of a hollow cylindrical-shaped element, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

(9) FIG. 4B illustrates a cut-out view of a hollow cylindrical-shaped element, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

(10) FIG. 4C illustrates a perspective view of a hollow-cylindrical section, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

(11) FIG. 4D illustrates a perspective view of a hollow-beveled section, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

(12) FIG. 5 illustrates a perspective view of a parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plate, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

(13) FIG. 6A illustrates a method for soil compaction at a target location, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

(14) FIG. 6B illustrates a schematic implementation of an exemplary method for soil compaction at a target location, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

(15) FIG. 7 illustrates a high-frequency impact tamper gripped by a mechanical vibratory hammer, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

(16) FIG. 8 illustrates a sheep foot compacting device gripped by a mechanical vibratory hammer, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(17) In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth by way of examples in order to provide a thorough understanding of the relevant teachings. However, it should be apparent that the present teachings may be practiced without such details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, and/or circuitry have been described at a relatively high-level, without detail, in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring aspects of the present teachings. The following detailed description is presented to enable a person skilled in the art to make and use the methods and devices disclosed in exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. For purposes of explanation, specific nomenclature is set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that these specific details are not required to practice the disclosed exemplary embodiments. Descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments are provided only as representative examples. Various modifications to the exemplary implementations will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other implementations and applications without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the implementations shown but is to be accorded the widest possible scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.

(18) The present disclosure is directed to exemplary mandrels and methods for performing soil compaction at a target location. The exemplary mandrel provides a facility to forming a conical cavity at a target location. The conical cavity may further be utilized for soil compaction. On the other hand, the exemplary method may allow for compacting the soil at a target location by forming some conical cavities utilizing the exemplary mandrel. In the exemplary method, after forming the conical cavity utilizing the exemplary mandrel, the conical cavity is filled with the aggregate and then the aggregate filling the conical cavity is compacted utilizing a mechanical vibratory hammer.

(19) Filling the conical cavity and compacting the aggregate filling the conical cavity may be repeated a few times until the aggregate level is the same as the ground level. Thereafter, the conical cavity is covered with a layer of aggregate, and then, the layer of aggregate is compacted utilizing the mechanical vibratory hammer

(20) FIG. 1A shows a perspective view of a mandrel 100 gripped by a mechanical vibratory hammer 150 for forming a cavity at a target location, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

(21) FIG. 1B shows a front view and two top sectional-view of mandrel 100 gripped by mechanical vibratory hammer 150 for forming a cavity at a target location, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1A, in an exemplary embodiment, an exemplary mandrel 100 may include a main drilling shaft 102, a plurality of T-shaped elements 104, a hollow cylindrical-shaped element 106, and a plurality of parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plates 108.

(22) FIG. 2 shows a side view of main drilling shaft 102 of mandrel 100, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2, in an exemplary embodiment, main drilling shaft 102 may include a hammer insertion part 122 and a bore head 124. In an exemplary embodiment, main drilling shaft 102 may include a first end 128 predicating a top part of main drilling shaft 102, and a second end 129 predicating a bottom part of main drilling shaft 102. In an exemplary embodiment, hammer insertion part 122 may be positioned at first end 128 of main drilling shaft 102 and bore head 124 may be positioned at second end 129. In an exemplary embodiment, main drilling shaft 102 may further include a medium part 126 positioned between hammer insertion part 122 and bore head 124. In an exemplary embodiment, bore head 124 may include a wedge-shaped tip 1242. In an exemplary embodiment, it may be understood that wedge-shaped tip 1242 may provide significant benefits including but not limited to a facility for tampering through hard rock surfaces and penetrating the hard parts and crushing them.

(23) As shown in FIG. 1A, in an exemplary embodiment, plurality of T-shaped elements 104 may be mounted around main drilling shaft 102. In an exemplary embodiment, plurality of T-shaped elements 104 may be mounted adjacently around medium part 126 of main drilling shaft 102. In an exemplary embodiment, each T-shaped element of plurality of T-shaped elements 104 may be welded to an outer surface of main drilling shaft 102. Alternatively, in an exemplary embodiment, each T-shaped element of plurality of T-shaped elements 104 may be attached to the outer surface of main drilling shaft 102 utilizing any other facility and/or mechanism with similar functionality. In an exemplary embodiment, plurality of T-shaped elements 104 and main drilling shaft 102 may be manufactured seamlessly to create an integrated and/or unitary part.

(24) As shown in FIG. 1B, plurality of T-shaped elements 104 may be mounted adjacently around medium part 126 in a way such that plurality of T-shaped elements 104 forming a closed octagonal from a top-view of mandrel 100. In an exemplary embodiment, a first size of a first top view cross-section 100a at a first location 110a from a top view of plurality of T-shaped elements 104 may be larger than a second size of a second top view cross-section 100b at a second location 110b from a top view of plurality of T-shaped elements 104. Benefits from mounting plurality of T-shaped elements adjacently around medium part 126 in a way such that plurality of T-shaped elements 104 forming a closed octagonal from a top-view of mandrel 100, with details mentioned above, may provide significant benefits including but not limited to facilitating mandrel 100 penetration into soils including hard parts and debris.

(25) FIG. 3A shows a perspective view of an exemplary T-shaped element of a mandrel, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3B shows a side view of an exemplary T-shaped element of a mandrel, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3C shows a top view of an exemplary T-shaped element of a mandrel, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B, and FIG. 3C, in an exemplary embodiment, each T-shaped element of plurality of T-shaped elements 104 may include a first trapezoid-shaped plate 142 and a second trapezoid-shaped plate 146. In an exemplary embodiment, first trapezoid-shaped plate 142 may include a trapezoid face 144. Furthermore, second trapezoid-shaped plate 146 may include a first edge 148 and a second edge 149.

(26) In an exemplary embodiment, second trapezoid-shaped plate 146 may be attached at first edge 148 of second trapezoid-shaped plate 146 to trapezoid face 144 of first trapezoid-shaped plate 142. In an exemplary embodiment, second trapezoid-shaped plate 146 may be welded at first edge 148 of second trapezoid-shaped plate 146 to trapezoid face 144 of first trapezoid-shaped plate 142. Alternatively, in an exemplary embodiment, second trapezoid-shaped plate 146 may be attached at first edge 148 of second trapezoid-shaped plate 146 to trapezoid face 144 of first trapezoid-shaped plate 142 utilizing any other facility and/or mechanism with similar functionality. In an exemplary embodiment, second trapezoid-shaped plate 146 and trapezoid face 144 of first trapezoid-shaped plate 142 may be manufactured seamlessly to create an integrated and/or unitary part.

(27) FIG. 4A shows a perspective view of a hollow cylindrical-shaped element, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 4B shows a cut-out view of a hollow cylindrical-shaped element, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 4C shows a perspective view of a hollow-cylindrical section, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 4D shows a perspective view of a hollow-beveled section, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1A, in an exemplary embodiment, hollow-cylindrical shaped element 106 may be mounted onto main drilling shaft 102. In an exemplary embodiment, hollow-cylindrical shaped element 106 may be firmly mounted onto medium part 126 of main drilling shaft 102 such that any movement of hollow-cylindrical shaped element 106 relative to main drilling shaft 102 is minimized or otherwise prevented.

(28) As further shown in FIGS. 4A-D, in an exemplary embodiment, hollow cylindrical-shaped element 106 may include a main drilling shaft insertion hole 161, a hollow-cylindrical section 162, and a hollow-beveled section 164. In an exemplary embodiment, hollow cylindrical-shaped element 106 may be configured to be mounted onto medium part 126 of main drilling shaft 102 through main drilling shaft insertion hole 161. In an exemplary embodiment, hollow-cylindrical section 162 may include a top surface 1622 and a bottom surface 1624. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1A, hollow cylindrical-shaped element 106 may be attached at top surface 1622 of hollow-cylindrical section 162 to a bottom end of plurality of T-shaped elements 108.

(29) In an exemplary embodiment, hollow-beveled section 164 may include a large-diameter circular surface 1642 and an outer beveled surface 1644. In an exemplary embodiment, hollow-beveled section 164 may be attached at large-diameter circular surface 1642 to bottom surface 1624 of hollow-cylindrical section 162.

(30) As shown in FIG. 1A, in an exemplary embodiment, plurality of parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plates 108 may be mounted around medium part 126 of main drilling shaft 102. FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plate 108, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5, in an exemplary embodiment, each respective parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plate from plurality of parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plates 108 may include a third edge 182 and a fourth edge 184. In an exemplary embodiment, each respective parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plate 108 may be attached at respective third edge 182 to outer beveled surface 1644 of hollow-beveled section. In an exemplary embodiment, each respective parallelepiped stiffener plate 108 may also be attached at respective fourth edge 184 to medium part 126 of main drilling shaft 102.

(31) FIG. 6A is a method 600 for soil compaction at a target location, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 6B shows a schematic implementation of method 600 for soil compaction at a target location, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6A, in an exemplary embodiment, method 600 may include step 602 of positioning a conical-shaped device above the target location. In an exemplary embodiment, step 602a in FIG. 6B corresponds to step 602 in FIG. 6A. In an exemplary embodiment, the conical-shaped device utilized in step 602 of method 600 may be substantially analogous in structure and functionality to a mandrel 100 as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B.

(32) As shown in FIG. 1A , in an exemplary embodiment, an exemplary mandrel 100 may include a main drilling shaft 102, a plurality of T-shaped elements 104, a hollow cylindrical-shaped element 106, and a plurality of parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plates 108.

(33) FIG. 2 shows a side view of main drilling shaft 102 of mandrel 100, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2, in an exemplary embodiment, main drilling shaft 102 may include a hammer insertion part 122 and a bore head 124. In an exemplary embodiment, main drilling shaft 102 may include a first end 128 predicating a top part of main drilling shaft 102 and a second end 129 predicating a bottom part of main drilling shaft 102. In an exemplary embodiment, hammer insertion part 122 may be positioned at first end 128 of main drilling shaft 102 and bore head 124 may be positioned at second end 129. In an exemplary embodiment, main drilling shaft 102 may further include a medium part 126 positioned between hammer insertion part 122 and bore head 124. In an exemplary embodiment, bore head 124 may include a wedge-shaped tip 1242. In an exemplary embodiment, it may be understood that wedge-shaped tip 1242 may provide significant benefits including but not limited to a facility for tampering through hard rock surfaces and penetrating the hard parts and crushing them.

(34) As shown in FIG. 1A, in an exemplary embodiment, plurality of T-shaped elements 104 may be mounted around main drilling shaft 102. In an exemplary embodiment, plurality of T-shaped elements 104 may be mounted adjacently around medium part 126 of main drilling shaft 102. In an exemplary embodiment, each T-shaped element of plurality of T-shaped elements 104 may be welded to an outer surface of main drilling shaft 102. Alternatively, in an exemplary embodiment, each T-shaped element of plurality of T-shaped elements 104 may be attached to the outer surface of main drilling shaft 102 utilizing any other facility and/or mechanism with similar functionality. In an exemplary embodiment, plurality of T-shaped elements 104 and main drilling shaft 102 may be manufactured seamlessly to create an integrated and/or unitary part.

(35) As shown in FIG. 1B, plurality of T-shaped elements 104 may be mounted adjacently around medium part 126 in a way such that plurality of T-shaped elements 104 forming a closed octagonal from a top-view of mandrel 100. In an exemplary embodiment, a first size of a first top view cross-section 100a at a first location 110a from a top view of plurality of T-shaped elements 104 may be larger than a second size of a second top view cross-section 100b at a second location 110b from a top view of plurality of T-shaped elements 104. Benefits from mounting plurality of T-shaped elements adjacently around medium part 126 in a way such that plurality of T-shaped elements 104 form a closed octagonal from a top-view of mandrel 100, with details mentioned above, may provide significant benefits including, but not limited to, facilitating mandrel 100 penetration into soils including hard parts and debris.

(36) FIG. 3A shows a perspective view of an exemplary T-shaped element of a mandrel, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3B shows a side view of an exemplary T-shaped element of a mandrel, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3C shows a top view of an exemplary T-shaped element of a mandrel, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIGS. 3A-C, in an exemplary embodiment, each T-shaped element of plurality of T-shaped elements 104 may include a first trapezoid-shaped plate 142 and a second trapezoid-shaped plate 146. In an exemplary embodiment, first trapezoid-shaped plate 142 may include a trapezoid face 144. Furthermore, second trapezoid-shaped plate 146 may include a first edge 148 and a second edge 149.

(37) In an exemplary embodiment, second trapezoid-shaped plate 146 may be attached at first edge 148 of second trapezoid-shaped plate 146 to trapezoid face 144 of first trapezoid-shaped plate 142. In an exemplary embodiment, second trapezoid-shaped plate 146 may be welded at first edge 148 of second trapezoid-shaped plate 146 to trapezoid face 144 of first trapezoid-shaped plate 142. Alternatively, in an exemplary embodiment, second trapezoid-shaped plate 146 may be attached at first edge 148 of second trapezoid-shaped plate 146 to trapezoid face 144 of first trapezoid-shaped plate 142 utilizing any other facility and/or mechanism with similar functionality. In an exemplary embodiment, second trapezoid-shaped plate 146 and trapezoid face 144 of first trapezoid-shaped plate 142 may be manufactured seamlessly to create an integrated and/or unitary part.

(38) FIG. 4A shows a perspective view of a hollow cylindrical-shaped element, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 4B shows a cut-out view of a hollow cylindrical-shaped element, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 4C shows a perspective view of a hollow-cylindrical section, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 4D shows a perspective view of a hollow-beveled section, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1A, in an exemplary embodiment, hollow-cylindrical shaped element 106 may be mounted onto main drilling shaft 102. In an exemplary embodiment, hollow-cylindrical shaped element 106 may be firmly mounted onto medium part 126 of main drilling shaft 102 such that any movement of hollow-cylindrical shaped element 106 relative to main drilling shaft 102 is minimized or otherwise prevented.

(39) As shown in FIGS. 4A-D, in an exemplary embodiment, hollow cylindrical-shaped element 106 may include a main drilling shaft insertion hole 161, a hollow-cylindrical section 162, and a hollow-beveled section 164. In an exemplary embodiment, hollow cylindrical-shaped element 106 may be configured to be mounted onto medium part 126 of main drilling shaft 102 through main drilling shaft insertion hole 161. In an exemplary embodiment, hollow-cylindrical section 162 may include a top surface 1622 and a bottom surface 1624. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1A, hollow cylindrical-shaped element 106 may be attached at top surface 1622 of hollow-cylindrical section 162 to a bottom end of plurality of T-shaped elements 108.

(40) In an exemplary embodiment, hollow-beveled section 164 may include a large-diameter circular surface 1642 and an outer beveled surface 1644. In an exemplary embodiment, hollow-beveled section 164 may be attached at large-diameter circular surface 1642 to bottom surface 1624 of hollow-cylindrical section 162.

(41) As shown in FIG. 1A, in an exemplary embodiment, plurality of parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plates 108 may be mounted around medium part 126 of main drilling shaft 102. FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plate 108, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5, in an exemplary embodiment, each respective parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plate from plurality of parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plates 108 may include a third edge 182 and a fourth edge 184. In an exemplary embodiment, each respective parallelepiped-shaped stiffener plate 108 may be attached at respective third edge 182 to outer beveled surface 1644 of hollow-beveled section. In an exemplary embodiment, each respective parallelepiped stiffener plate 108 may also be attached at respective fourth edge 184 to medium part 126 of main drilling shaft 102.

(42) With the further reference to FIG. 6A, in an exemplary embodiment, method 600 may include step 604 of generating a conical-shaped cavity 616 by driving the conical-shaped device inside the target location. In an exemplary embodiment, step 604a in FIG. 6B corresponds to step 604 in FIG. 6A. In an exemplary embodiment, method 600 may include step 606 of extracting the conical-shaped device from the conical-shaped cavity. In an exemplary embodiment, step 606a in FIG. 6B corresponds to step 606 in FIG. 6A. In an exemplary embodiment, method 600 may also include step 608 of generating an aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity 620 by filling the conical-shaped cavity with aggregate. In an exemplary embodiment, step 608a in FIG. 6B corresponds to step 608 in FIG. 6A. For purpose of reference, it may be understood that the aggregate may include one of a gravel material, a loose sandy soil, a clayey soil, a medium density soil, a hard rock soil, and combination thereof. As shown in FIG. 6B, in an exemplary embodiment, generating the aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity 620 by filling the conical-shaped cavity with the aggregate may be implemented utilizing a hopper 618.

(43) In an exemplary embodiment, method 600 may further include step 610 of compacting aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity 620 by ramming a first hammering device onto a top surface of aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity 620. In an exemplary embodiment, step 610a in FIG. 6B corresponds to step 610 in FIG. 6A. FIG. 7 shows a high-frequency impact tamper gripped by a mechanical vibratory hammer, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, the first hammering device utilized in step 610 of method 600 may be substantially analogous in structure and functionality to a high-frequency impact tamper 700 as shown in FIG. 7.

(44) As shown in FIG. 7, in an exemplary embodiment, high-frequency impact tamper 700 may include a first rod 702 and a ramming head 704. In an exemplary embodiment, first rod 702 may include a first end and a second end. In an exemplary embodiment, first rod 702 may be inserted in mechanical vibratory hammer 150 from the first end of first rod 702. In an exemplary embodiment, ramming head 704 may include a first rod attaching section 742, a beveled-shaped ramming tip 744, and a cylindrical section 746.

(45) In an exemplary embodiment, first rod ramming head 704 may be attached from first rod attaching section 742 to the second end of first rod 702. As shown in FIG. 7, in an exemplary embodiment, cylindrical section 746 may be positioned between first rod attaching section 742 and beveled-shaped ramming tip 744.

(46) With the further reference to FIG. 6A, in an exemplary embodiment, method 600 may also include a step 612 of covering the conical-shaped cavity with a layer of the aggregate 624 and a step 614 of compacting the layer of aggregate 624 by ramming a second hammering device onto a top surface of the layer of aggregate 624. In an exemplary embodiment, step 612a and step 612b in FIG. 6B corresponds respectively to step 612 and 614 in FIG. 6A. For purpose of reference, it may be understood that the layer of aggregate 624 may include one of a layer of gravel material, a layer of loose sandy soil, a layer of clayey soil, a layer of medium density soil, a layer of hard rock soil, and combination thereof. FIG. 8 shows a sheep foot compacting device gripped by a mechanical vibratory hammer, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, the second hammering device utilized in step 614 of method 600 may be substantially analogous in structure and functionality to a sheep foot compacting device 800 as shown in FIG. 8.

(47) As shown in FIG. 8, in an exemplary embodiment, sheep foot compacting device 800 may include a second rod 802, a beveled-shaped element 804, and a reduced conical tip 806. In an exemplary embodiment, second rod 802 may include a first end and a second end. In an exemplary embodiment, second rod 802 may be inserted into mechanical vibratory hammer 150 from the first end of second rod 802. In an exemplary embodiment, beveled-shaped element 804 may include a top end 842 and a bottom end 844. In an exemplary embodiment, beveled-shaped element 804 may be attached from top end 842 of beveled-shaped element 804 to the second end of second rod 802. In an exemplary embodiment, reduced conical tip 806 may be attached to bottom end 844 of beveled-shaped element.

(48) In an exemplary embodiment, step 608 of generating aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity 620 by filling the conical-shaped cavity with aggregate, and step 610 of compacting aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity 620 by ramming a first hammering device onto a top surface of aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity 620 may be repeated in a cycle until the top surface of aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity 620 reaches a predefined threshold. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, step 608 of generating an aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity 620 by filling the conical-shaped cavity with aggregate, and step 610 of compacting aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity 620 by ramming a first hammering device onto a top surface of aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity 620 may be repeated in a cycle until the top surface of aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity 620 reaches the ground level. Benefits from repeating step 608 and step 610 of method 600 including but are not limited to improving the soil compaction process through ensuring that aggregate filled conical-shaped cavity 620 is filled with an enough amount of the aggregate. For purpose of reference, it may be understood that scant aggregate in the filled conical-shaped cavity 620 may lead to an inapplicable soil compaction

(49) While the foregoing has described what are considered to be the best mode and/or other examples, it is understood that various modifications may be made therein and that the subject matter disclosed herein may be implemented in various forms and examples, and that the teachings may be applied in numerous applications, only some of which have been described herein. It is intended by the following claims to claim any and all applications, modifications and variations that fall within the true scope of the present teachings.

(50) Unless otherwise stated, all measurements, values, ratings, positions, magnitudes, sizes, and other specifications that are set forth in this specification, including in the claims that follow, are approximate, not exact. They are intended to have a reasonable range that is consistent with the functions to which they relate and with what is customary in the art to which they pertain.

(51) The scope of protection is limited solely by the claims that now follow. That scope is intended and should be interpreted to be as broad as is consistent with the ordinary meaning of the language that is used in the claims when interpreted in light of this specification and the prosecution history that follows and to encompass all structural and functional equivalents. Notwithstanding, none of the claims are intended to embrace subject matter that fails to satisfy the requirement of Sections 101, 102, or 103 of the Patent Act, nor should they be interpreted in such a way. Any unintended embracement of such subject matter is hereby disclaimed.

(52) Except as stated immediately above, nothing that has been stated or illustrated is intended or should be interpreted to cause a dedication of any component, step, feature, object, benefit, advantage, or equivalent to the public, regardless of whether it is or is not recited in the claims.

(53) It will be understood that the terms and expressions used herein have the ordinary meaning as is accorded to such terms and expressions with respect to their corresponding respective areas of inquiry and study, except where specific meanings have otherwise been set forth herein. Relational terms such as first and second and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. The terms comprises, comprising, or any other variation thereof, as used herein and in the appended claims are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, encompassing a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements that does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by a or an does not, without further constraints, preclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

(54) The Abstract of the Disclosure is provided to allow the reader to quickly ascertain the nature of the technical disclosure. It is not intended to be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. In addition, in the foregoing Detailed Description, it can be seen that various features are grouped together in various implementations. Such grouping is for purposes of streamlining this disclosure and is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed implementations require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive subject matter lies in less than all features of a single disclosed implementation. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into this Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a separately claimed subject matter.

(55) While various implementations have been described, the description is intended to be exemplary, rather than limiting and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many more implementations are possible that are within the scope of the implementations. Although many possible combinations of features are shown in the accompanying figures and discussed in this detailed description, many other combinations of the disclosed features are possible. Any feature of any implementation may be used in combination with or substituted for any other feature or element in any other implementation unless specifically restricted. Therefore, it will be understood that any of the features shown and/or discussed in the present disclosure may be implemented together in any suitable combination. Accordingly, the implementations are not to be restricted except in the light of the attached claims and their equivalents. Also, various modifications and changes may be made within the scope of the attached claims.