Building structure, building, and building construction method

Abstract

Provided is a building structure enabling use of a horizontal member made of heavy gauge steel and braces installed between pillars erected in a longitudinal direction to be eliminated and structurally efficient. A building structure of the present invention includes: a horizontal member (10) installed between pillars (30) erected in a longitudinal direction; and a unit (20) installed on the horizontal member (10), wherein the horizontal member (10) is made of light gauge steel, the unit (20) includes: 1) a horizontal frame (21) including a short side member (21a) and formed in a rectangular shape; 2) a beam (22) connected to a center of the short side member (21a) in a lengthwise direction to be perpendicular to the horizontal frame (21) and having a truss structure; 3) a first diagonal member (23) installed between one end of the short side member (21a) and the beam (22); and 4) a second diagonal member (24) installed between another end of the short side member (21a) and the beam (22), the short side member (21a) is an upper chord member of a girder (50) connected to the pillar (30) and having a truss structure, the horizontal member (10) is a lower chord member of the girder (50), a vertical member (22c) of the beam (22) is a vertical member of the girder (50), and the first diagonal member (23) and the second diagonal member (24) are diagonal members of the girder (50).

Claims

1. A building structure comprising: a horizontal member installed between two pillars erected in a longitudinal direction; and a unit installed on the horizontal member, wherein the horizontal member is made of light gauge steel, the unit includes: 1) a horizontal frame including a short side member and formed in a rectangular shape; 2) a beam connected to a center of the short side member in a lengthwise direction to be perpendicular to the horizontal frame and having a truss structure; 3) a first diagonal member installed between one end of the short side member and the beam and is connected directly to the horizontal member; and 4) a second diagonal member installed between another end of the short side member and the beam and is connected to the horizontal member, the horizontal frame is arranged at the upper part of the beam, the short side member is an upper chord member of a girder connected directly to the two pillars and having a truss structure, wherein the truss structure is formed by the upper chord member which is connected to the two pillars, a lower chord member which is defined by the horizontal member and which is connected to the two pillars, a vertical member which is defined by a vertical member of the beam, and diagonal members defined by the first diagonal member and the second diagonal member such that a first triangle is formed by the horizontal member, one of the two pillars and the first diagonal member and a second triangle is formed by the horizontal member, one of the two pillars and the second diagonal member.

2. The building structure according to claim 1, wherein the beam includes a projecting part projecting outward from the girder, and a tip end of the projecting part is a free end.

3. A building having the building structure according to claim 1.

4. A building construction method comprising: a process of installing a horizontal member made of light gauge steel between two pillars erected in a longitudinal direction; a process of assembling a unit, the unit including: 1) a horizontal frame including a short side member and formed in a rectangular shape; 2) a beam connected to a center of the short side member in a lengthwise direction to be perpendicular to the horizontal frame and having a truss structure; 3) a first diagonal member installed between one end of the short side member and the beam; and 4) a second diagonal member installed between another end of the short side member and the beam; wherein the horizontal frame is arranged at the upper part of the beam, and a process of installing the unit on the horizontal member by connecting the first and second diagonal members directly to the horizontal member and by connecting the short side member directly to the two pillars such that the short side member defines an upper chord member of a girder connected to the two pillars and having a truss structure, wherein the truss structure is formed by the upper chord member, a lower chord member defined by the horizontal member, a vertical member which is defined by a vertical member of the beam, and diagonal members defined by, the first diagonal member and the second diagonal member such that a first triangle is formed by the horizontal member, one of the two pillars and the first diagonal member and a second triangle is formed by the horizontal member, one of the two pillars and the second diagonal member.

5. A building having the building structure according to claim 2.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 illustrates a basic configuration of a building structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

(2) FIG. 2 is a plan view of a unit employed in the first embodiment of the present invention.

(3) FIG. 3 is a front view of the unit employed in the first embodiment of the present invention.

(4) FIG. 4 is a side view of the unit employed in the first embodiment of the present invention.

(5) FIG. 5 is a side view of a beam constituting the unit employed in the first embodiment of the present invention.

(6) FIG. 6 illustrates a way to install the units.

(7) FIG. 7 illustrates a state in which the units are installed on a horizontal member.

(8) FIG. 8 illustrates a basic configuration of a building structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

(9) FIG. 9 is a plan view of the unit employed in the second embodiment of the present invention.

(10) FIG. 10 is a side view of the unit employed in the second embodiment of the present invention.

(11) FIG. 11 is a side view of the beam constituting the unit employed in the second embodiment of the present invention.

(12) FIG. 12 is a front view of a building having the building structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

(13) FIG. 13 is a side view of the building having the building structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

(14) FIG. 14 is a front view illustrating a framework of the building having the building structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

(15) FIG. 15 is a side view illustrating the framework of the building having the building structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

(16) FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view along the part A-A in FIG. 12.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

(17) Hereinbelow, embodiments of the present invention will be described specifically with reference to the drawings, and a technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

First Embodiment

(18) As illustrated in FIG. 1, a building structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a horizontal member 10 and a unit 20.

(19) The horizontal member 10 is made of light gauge steel selected from a light gauge steel c-channel bar, a light gauge steel channel bar, and the like. Use of the light gauge steel is advantageous in terms of contribution to weight reduction of a building and a decrease in material cost. The horizontal member 10 is installed between pillars 30 erected in a longitudinal direction (refer to FIGS. 1, 6, and 7). Unlike the horizontal member (wall girder) used in the conventional technique, this horizontal member 10 is not connected to upper ends of the pillars 30. This horizontal member 10 is connected to the pillars 30 at lower positions than the upper ends of the pillars 30 (refer to FIGS. 1, 6, and 7).

(20) As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, the unit 20 includes a horizontal frame 21, a beam 22, a first diagonal member 23, and a second diagonal member 24.

(21) As illustrated in FIG. 2, the horizontal frame 21 is formed in a rectangular shape by a pair of short side members 21a and 21a and a pair of long side members 21b and 21b. The paired short side members 21a and 21a are arranged to be parallel to each other. The paired long side members 21b and 21b are arranged to be parallel to each other and are connected to the paired short side members 21a and 21a to be perpendicular to the paired short side members 21a and 21a.

(22) The beam 22 is a beam that is not connected to the pillar 30. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the beam 22 is not in a unitary structure but in a truss structure. That is, the beam 22 includes an upper chord member 22a, a lower chord member 22b arranged to be parallel to the upper chord member 22a, a vertical member 22c arranged vertically between the upper chord member 22a and the lower chord member 22b, and diagonal members 22d and 22e arranged diagonally between the upper chord member 22a and the lower chord member 22b.

(23) As illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the beam 22 is connected to a center of the short side member 21a in a lengthwise direction to be perpendicular to the horizontal frame 21. Thus, the horizontal frame 21 and the beam 22 stand upright in a T shape as illustrated in FIG. 3. The unit 20 employed in the present embodiment is different from the unit employed in the conventional technique, in which the horizontal frame and the beam stand upright in the inverted T shape, in that the horizontal frame 21 and the beam 22 stand upright in the T shape.

(24) As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 3, the first diagonal member 23 is installed between one end of the short side member 21a and the beam 22. In the unit 20 employed in the present embodiment, the first diagonal member 23 is connected to the beam 22 via a plate 25 provided around the lower chord member 22b of the beam 22.

(25) As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 3, the second diagonal member 24 is installed between the other end of the short side member 21a and the beam 22. In the unit 20 employed in the present embodiment, the second diagonal member 24 is connected to the beam 22 via the plate 25.

(26) Materials for the short side member 21a and the long side member 21b constituting the horizontal frame 21, the upper chord member 22a, the lower chord member 22b, the vertical member 22c, and the diagonal members 22d and 22e constituting the beam 22, the first diagonal member 23, and the second diagonal member 24 are preferably light gauge steel whose cross-sections are in equal shapes and equal dimensions. Use of such materials facilitates design and manufacture and achieves cost reduction. Also, these members made of the light gauge steel can be connected mechanically with use of bolts and the like without the need for welding. Accordingly, lowering of assembly accuracy due to welding distortion does not occur, and high assembly accuracy can be achieved.

(27) In a typical building to which the present embodiment is applied, a plurality of units 20 are used. Also, as illustrated in FIG. 6, each unit 20 is preferably installed on the horizontal member 10 after the unit 20 is assembled in advance.

(28) As illustrated in FIG. 1, the unit 20 is installed on the horizontal member 10 by connecting the short side member 21a of the horizontal frame 21 to the upper ends of the pillars 30 and connecting to the horizontal member 10 the plate 25 to which the beam 22, the first diagonal member 23, and the second diagonal member 24 are connected. In FIG. 1, both the ends of the short side member 21a are connected to the respective pillars 30, and the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, in a case in which two units 20 (20a) and 20 (20b) are arranged between two pillars 30 (30a) and 30 (30b) erected in the longitudinal direction, one end of the short side member 21a of one unit 20 (20a) is connected to the pillar 30 (30a), the other end of the short side member 21a of the other unit 20 (20b) is connected to the pillar 30 (30b), and the other end of the short side member 21a of one unit 20 (20a) is connected to one end of the short side member 21a of the other unit 20 (20b).

(29) As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 7, the unit 20 is installed on the horizontal member 10 to cause a truss-structured girder 50 connected to the pillars 30 erected in the longitudinal direction to be formed. An upper chord member of this girder 50 is the short side member 21a constituting the horizontal frame 21, a lower chord member of the girder 50 is the horizontal member 10, a vertical member of the girder 50 is the vertical member 22c constituting the beam 22, and diagonal members of the girder 50 are the first diagonal member 23 and the second diagonal member 24.

(30) In the present embodiment, since this girder 50 and the pillars 30 erected in the longitudinal direction are integrated to form a rigid frame, braces to be installed between the pillars 30 erected in the longitudinal direction can be eliminated (refer to FIG. 7).

(31) Also, in the present embodiment, since the horizontal member 10 functions as a lower chord member of the girder 50, the horizontal member 10 itself is not required to have high bending strength. Accordingly, use of the horizontal member 10 made of heavy gauge steel can be eliminated.

(32) Further, in the present embodiment, since the unit 20, in which the horizontal frame 21 and the beam 22 stand upright in the T shape, is installed on the horizontal member 10, the horizontal frame 21 and the horizontal member 10 do not overlap with each other (refer to FIGS. 1, 6, and 7). In addition, the truss-structured girder 50 is formed by combination of the horizontal member 10 and the unit 20 (refer to FIGS. 1 and 7). Accordingly, it is possible to provide a building structure and a building that are structurally efficient.

(33) A method for constructing a building having the building structure according to the present embodiment includes the following processes:

(34) (1) a process of assembling the unit 20 including 1) the horizontal frame 21 including the short side member 21a and formed in a rectangular shape, 2) a beam 22 connected to the center of the short side member 21a in the lengthwise direction to be perpendicular to the horizontal frame 21 and having a truss structure, 3) the first diagonal member 23 installed between one end of the short side member 21a and the beam 22, and 4) the second diagonal member 24 installed between another end of the short side member 21a and the beam 22,

(35) (2) a process of installing the horizontal member 10 made of light gauge steel between the pillars 30 erected in the longitudinal direction, and

(36) (3) a process of installing the unit 20 on the horizontal member 10 so as for the short side member 21a to be an upper chord member of the girder 50 connected to the pillar 30 and having a truss structure, for the horizontal member 10 to be a lower chord member of the girder 50, for the vertical member 22c of the beam 22 to be a vertical member of the girder 50, and for the first diagonal member 23 and the second diagonal member 24 to be diagonal members of the girder 50.

(37) According to this construction method, since various kinds of members are unitized in process (1), a working efficiency at a construction site can drastically be improved. Also, since the horizontal member 10 is light in process (2), an installation work is easy. Further, since the unit 20 is installed on the horizontal member 10 to cause inclination of the pillars 30 to be corrected in process (3), a remarkable decrease of correction time can be achieved.

Second Embodiment

(38) As illustrated in FIGS. 8 to 11, a building structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention differs from the building structure according to the first embodiment in that the beam 22 constituting the unit 20 includes projecting parts 22f and 22g projecting outward from the girder 50 having the truss structure.

(39) FIG. 12 is a front view of a building 40 having a building structure according to the present embodiment, FIG. 13 is a side view thereof, FIG. 14 is a front view illustrating a framework thereof, and FIG. 15 is a side view illustrating the framework thereof. As illustrated in these figures, the projecting part 22f arranged on a front side of the building 40 constitutes a framework of an eave 41. On the other hand, the projecting part 22g arranged on a backside of the building 40 functions as an extension part of the beam 22.

(40) As illustrated in FIG. 11, each of the projecting parts 22f and 22g is a part of the beam 22, not a part added to the beam 22. Thus, each of the projecting parts 22f and 22g is high in strength against a vertical load. Also, each of the projecting parts 22f and 22g is significantly lower in building cost than the part added to the beam 22.

(41) As illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 15, a tip end of the projecting part 22f is a free end. Hence, no pillar supporting the edge of the eave of the building 40 is required. A tip end of the projecting part 22g is also a free end. Accordingly, as illustrated in FIG. 16, in a case in which a wall material 42 is installed at a tip end of the projecting part 22g, no pillar on a rear side in a room is required, and a floor area can be extended further than in a case in which a pillar exists on the rear side in the room.

(42) In the building structure according to the present embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the unit 20 is installed on the horizontal member 10 to cause the truss-structured girder 50 connected to the pillars 30 erected in the longitudinal direction to be formed. Thus, braces to be installed between the pillars 30 erected in the longitudinal direction can be eliminated (refer to FIG. 14). Meanwhile, since no rigid frame is formed on the lateral side of the building 40, braces 48 are installed between the pillars 30 erected in a latitudinal direction (refer to FIG. 15).

(43) The present invention can be applied to buildings in various uses such as a residential house, a retail store such as a convenience store, a restaurant, a factory, and a warehouse.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

(44) 10 horizontal member 20 unit 21 horizontal frame 21a short side member 21b long side member 22 beam 22a upper chord member 22b lower chord member 22c vertical member 22d, 22e diagonal member 22f, 22g projecting part 23 first diagonal member 24 second diagonal member 25 plate 30 pillar 40 building 41 eave 42 wall material 43 foundation 44 ceiling material 45 roof material 46 glass wall 47 doorway 48 brace 50 girder