TAMPER-EVIDENT CLOSURE, CONTAINER WITH SUCH CLOSURE AND ITS USE

Abstract

A tamper-evident closure for a container with an outer screw thread opening, including an outer cap with a first sidewall and a first top wall and an inner cap with a second sidewall and a second top wall. The inner cap is coaxially nested within the outer cap and has an inner thread. The outer and inner cap have cooperating engagement mechanisms arranged and shaped so when opening the closure for the first time, the inner cap is rotated by the outer cap. The first top wall has a tamper-evident member which is connected to a surrounding region of the first top wall by a frangible component. A protruding element, arranged for breaking the frangible component, is arranged at the first top wall facing the second top wall and/or the second top wall facing the first top wall so as to face the tamper-evident member.

Claims

1. A tamper-evident closure for a container with an outer screw thread opening, comprising: an outer cap with a first sidewall and a first top wall; and an inner cap with a second sidewall and a second top wall; wherein the inner cap is coaxially nested within the outer cap and comprises an inner thread to screw the inner cap onto the container; and wherein the outer cap and inner cap comprise cooperating engagement mechanisms; wherein the cooperating engagement mechanisms are arranged and shaped such that when opening the closure for the first time, the inner cap is rotated by the outer cap upon application on the outer cap of an axial-force plus a turning mechanical torque in a first rotational direction; wherein a part of the first top wall comprises a tamper-evident member which is connected to a surrounding region of the first top wall by a frangible component; and wherein a protruding element is arranged at the first top wall facing the second top wall and/or the second top wall facing the first top wall so as to face the tamper-evident member; characterized in that the closure further comprises an identification medium comprising an additional tamper-evident indication.

2. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, wherein the identification medium comprises the frangible component which break such that a part of it remains connected to the first top wall and can be seen.

3. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, wherein the identification medium comprises indications provided on the top wall of the tamper-evident member and the surrounding region of the first top wall which supplement each other before the first opening and no longer supplement each other once the tamper-evident member has been removed.

4. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, further comprising a child-resistant measure, wherein the child-resistant measure comprises at least one elastic member which is provided between the outer cap and the inner cap for biasing the outer cap axially away from the inner cap.

5. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, further comprising a blocking portion for fixing relative axial positions of the outer cap and the inner cap once the tamper-evident member has been removed by pushing the outer cap towards the inner cap.

6. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, wherein the protruding element breaks the frangible component upon application of the axial-force on the outer cap.

7. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, further comprising a second cooperating engagement mechanism arranged and shaped such that when closing the closure, the inner cap is rotated by the outer cap upon application of a second turning mechanical torque in a second rotational direction on the outer cap.

8. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 7, characterized in that the second cooperating engagement mechanism is arranged between the first sidewall and the second sidewall.

9. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 7, characterized in that the second cooperating engagement mechanism is arranged between the first top wall and the second top wall and comprises the at least one elastic member.

10. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 9, wherein the second cooperating engagement mechanism further comprises: a plurality of elastic members in the shape of inclined strips; and a plurality of wedge-shaped elements, wherein when rotating the outer cap in the second rotational direction, the elastic members form a locking arrangement with the wedge-shaped elements so that the inner cap rotates with the outer cap in the second rotational direction.

11. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 10, wherein the elastic members comprise: a basis starting at which the elastic members are attached to the first or second top wall, wherein the elastic members extend at the basis generally perpendicularly to the first or second top wall; an inclined portion ending at a second end; a curved transitional portion between the basis and the inclined portion; and a reinforcing rib between the first or second top wall close to the basis and the inclined portion.

12. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, wherein the cooperating engagement mechanisms are arranged between the first top wall and second top wall.

13. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, wherein the tamper-evident member and/or the surrounding region is provided with an opening which is sized to allow the passage of a tip of a finger.

14. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, wherein the frangible component comprises frangible bridges between the tamper-evident element and the surrounding region of the first top wall.

15. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, wherein the frangible component comprises a weakness of material between the tamper-evident element and the surrounding region of the first top wall.

16. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, wherein the tamper-evident member comprises a seizure member extending outwardly from the first top wall, wherein the seizure member comprises a tongue or a seizure ring.

17. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, wherein the first sidewall and the second sidewall comprise cooperating locking elements to prevent a removal of the outer cap from the inner cap once assembled, wherein the cooperating locking elements comprise a continuous or discontinuous bead on an inner side of the first sidewall of the outer cap and a continuous or discontinuous rib or flange on an outer side of the second sidewall of the inner cap.

18. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, further comprising at least one elastic portion between the inner cap and the outer cap, wherein the at least one elastic portion comprises a shape-memory resilient element joined to the first top wall by bonding or over-moulding.

19. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, further comprising a holder for active material, wherein the active material is a desiccant or oxygen scavenger.

20. The tamper-evident closure according claim 19, wherein the holder for an active material comprises a chamber integrally formed with the inner cap.

21. The tamper-evident closure according claim 19, wherein the holder for active material comprises a receptacle for attachment of a canister provided on a side of the second top wall opposite to that facing the first top wall.

22. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner cap is provided with a sealing member which is arranged to provide a hermetic seal between the inner cap and the outer screw thread opening of the container, wherein the sealing member comprises a ring-shaped inner sealing skirt with a slanted sealing surface.

23. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, characterized in that the tamper-evident member is arranged off-center relative to the first top wall.

24. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, characterized in that the protruding element is arranged at the second top wall facing the first top wall for breaking the frangible component; and the tamper-evident member and the protruding element have respective shapes and positions to provide a form-fit connection between the surrounding region of the first top wall and protruding element.

25. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, wherein the protruding element is arranged at the second top wall facing the first top wall for breaking the frangible component and the protruding element is at least partially of a different color than the first top wall.

26. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer cap is made of a transparent material.

27. The tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, wherein the outer cap is provided with a first landmark element and the inner cap is provided with a second landmark element, wherein the first and second landmark elements are engageable or abutable to indicate alignment of the protruding element and the tamper-evident member upon rotation of the outer cap relative to the inner cap.

28. A container with the tamper-evident closure according to claim 1, wherein the tamper-evident closure is fixedly screwed onto an outer screw thread of the container.

29. (canceled)

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In the following, specific embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] FIG. 1 schematically shows a container with a closure according to the invention;

[0047] FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of an inventive closure;

[0048] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a part of an example container with a closure according to a further embodiment of the invention;

[0049] FIG. 4a is a top view of the inner cap according to the embodiment of FIG. 3;

[0050] FIG. 4b is a bottom view of the inner cap of FIG. 4a;

[0051] FIG. 5a is a top view of the outer cap according to the embodiment of FIG. 3;

[0052] FIG. 5b is a bottom view of the outer cap of FIG. 5a;

[0053] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a part of an example container with a closure according to a further embodiment of the invention;

[0054] FIGS. 7a, 7b and 7c are schematic top views of various embodiments of the invention;

[0055] FIG. 8a is a bottom perspective view of the outer cap of a further embodiment of the invention with the tamper-evident member being removed;

[0056] FIG. 8b is a top perspective view of the inner cap of the further embodiment of the invention;

[0057] FIG. 8c, 8d, 8e are schematic cross-sectional views of the outer cap and the inner cap shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b in different stages of use;

[0058] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the inner cap according to a further embodiment of the invention;

[0059] FIG. 10 is a top perspective view of the inner cap according to FIG. 9;

[0060] FIG. 11 is a bottom perspective view of the inner cap according to FIG. 9;

[0061] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the outer cap according to the embodiment of FIG. 9;

[0062] FIG. 13 is a variant of the embodiment according to FIG. 12 and shows a cross-sectional view along line A-A in FIG. 14;

[0063] FIG. 14 is a view from below of the outer cap according to FIG. 13;

[0064] FIG. 15 is a top perspective view of the outer cap according to FIG. 13;

[0065] FIG. 16 is a bottom perspective view of the outer cap according to FIG. 13;

[0066] FIG. 17 is a view in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 16;

[0067] FIG. 18 is a view in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 16;

[0068] FIG. 19 shows a top view of the elastic member according to the embodiment of FIGS. 13 to 18;

[0069] FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing the assembly of the inner cap of FIG. 9 with sorbent chamber and the outer cap according to FIGS. 13 to 19 screwed onto a bottle neck;

[0070] FIGS. 21 and 22 are top views of the outer cap according to further variants;

[0071] FIG. 23 shows a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the invention;

[0072] FIGS. 24a and 24b show the first part and the second part of the core of the mould, respectively; and

[0073] FIG. 24c shows the mould with the first and second part of the core and the outer cap within the mould.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0074] In the following, some preferred embodiments of the invention will be described. Throughout the drawings, the same elements will be denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0075] FIG. 1 schematically shows a closure 10 according to the invention which is screwed onto a container 20 which, as will be shown in FIG. 3, is provided with an outer thread 22. The shape of the container 20 only serves as an example. The container 20 can have any shape as long as it is provided with an opening surrounded by an outer thread 22 which can be used to screw on the closure 10. In the example according to FIG. 1, the container is provided with a neck portion. However, it is also possible to provide the container in the shape of a bottle with a relatively narrow neck or in the shape of a straight cylinder. Likewise, it is possible to provide non-rotational geometries for the container as long as it is provided with an annular outer thread.

[0076] The closure 10 consists of two caps which are nested into each other. In FIG. 1, only the outer cap 12 can be seen. The outer cap 12 consists of a first sidewall 16 and a first top wall 18. The first sidewall 16 can be provided with suitable means to increase the grip for a user. In the example according to FIG. 1 a plurality of ribs 28 extending in an axial direction are provided on the first sidewall 16.

[0077] The first top wall 18 comprises a tamper-evident member 24 and the surrounding region 26. The tamper-evident member 24 is connected to the surrounding region 26 by a frangible means 30. The frangible means can be frangible bridges 30 as shown in the examples of FIG. 1 and FIG. 5a. As an alternative, it is also possible to fully surround the tamper-evident member 24 by material with a reduced thickness.

[0078] The geometry of the outer cap 12 as shown in FIG. 1 only serves as an example and different geometries are possible as long as the tamper-evident member 24 is positioned at the first top wall 18 of the outer cap 12. In the schematic example as shown in FIG. 2, the first top wall 18 is provided with depressions 32. Two or more of the depressions 32 may be provided. The depressions 32 can be in positions diametrically opposite to each other or distributed at equal pitch or unequal pitch about the circumference of the first top wall 18. The depressions 32 serve to further improve the grip of a user who, as will be explained in detail below, has to have a firm grip on the outer cap 12 in order to shift it both in an axial direction and thereafter to rotate it.

[0079] FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of the neck portion 34 of the container 20 with a closure 10 according to the invention. The closure 10 consists of the outer cap 12 and the inner cap 14. The inner cap 14 is provided with an internal thread 36 the shape of which is adapted to cooperate with the external thread 22 of the container 20. In this manner, the closure 10 can be simply screwed onto the neck of the container by rotation in e.g. a clockwise direction.

[0080] The inner cap 14 is provided with a sealing skirt 38 which is arranged so that it establishes a sealing contact with the inner wall surface 40 of that part of the container 20 which surrounds the dispensing opening thereof. The sealing skirt 38 can be provided with an annular, outwardly protruding bead (not shown) in order to further improve the sealing capability of the sealing skirt 38.

[0081] The inner cap 14 is provided with a second sidewall 42 and a second top wall 44. The top wall 44 is provided with a protrusion 46. In the example according to FIG. 3, the protrusion 46 has a geometry which corresponds to the geometry of the tamper-evident member 24 being part of the first top wall of the outer cap 12. As will be explained below, the protrusion 46 serves to remove the tamper-evident member 24 by breaking the frangible bridges 30 between the tamper-evident member 24 and the surrounding region 26 once the outer cap 12 will be axially displaced towards the inner cap 14.

[0082] The inner cap 14 is further provided with a desiccant chamber 48. It is formed by an annular sidewall 50, also shown in FIG. 4b, and suitable closing means 52 in order to close the desiccant chamber 48 with a gas permeable cover 54 which retains the desiccant material inside the desiccant chamber 48. As an alternative not shown in FIG. 3, the inner cap 14 could also be provided with a suitable attachment structure for holding a prefabricated canister containing an active agent according to the specific contemplated use of closure 10.

[0083] On the internal side of the first sidewall 16 a radially inwardly extending bead 56 is provided which, in the mounted state of the outer cap 12 on the inner cap 14, forms a positive lock with a radially outwardly extending flange 58 on the second sidewall 42 of the inner cap 14. The bead 56 and the flange 58 cooperate in a way so as to firmly hold the outer cap 12 on the inner cap 14 so that it can no longer be removed from the inner cap 14.

[0084] FIGS. 4a and 4b show the top view and the bottom view of the inner cap 14, respectively, whereas FIGS. 5a and 5b show the top view and the bottom view of the outer cap 12, respectively.

[0085] The top view of FIG. 5a corresponds to that as already shown in FIG. 1 so that except for a better representation of the frangible bridges 30 in FIG. 5a, reference can be made to the detailed explanation of the outer cap 12 in the description of FIG. 1 above.

[0086] FIG. 5b shows several elements inside the outer cap 12, the function of which will be detailed in the following. Firstly, there are blade-like interacting elements 64 which are formed starting from the inner wall surface of the first sidewall 16.

[0087] Secondly, there are driving members 62 on that side of the first top wall 18 which, in the mounted state, faces the wall 44 of the inner cap 14. Finally, on the side of the first top wall 18 facing the inner cap 14, a plurality of elastic members 60 are provided which are formed integrally with the first top 18.

[0088] The inner cap 14 is provided with elements cooperating with the interacting elements 64 and the driving members 62. FIG. 4a shows the protrusion 46 on the second top wall 44. Further, the second top wall 44 is provided with serrations 66 which, in the mounted state, cooperate with the driving members 62 on the outer cap 12, whereby the first engagement means is formed. Extending from the second side wall 42 inclined surfaces 68 are provided which, in the mounted state, cooperate with the blade like interacting elements 64 forming the second engagement means.

[0089] In operation, the outer cap 12 and the inner cap 14 nested therein can be rotated together for screwing the closure 10 onto the container 20. The clockwise rotation direction for screwing the closure 10 onto the container brings the blade-like interacting elements 64 in engagement with the beveled or inclined surfaces 68. The beveled or inclined surfaces 68 provide an abutment which interacts with the blade-like interacting elements 64 provided on the internal side of the outer cap 12. This interaction is only possible when closing the closure 10 on the container 20 which is usually in a clockwise direction. When a user rotates the outer cap 12 in a counterclockwise direction in an attempt to open the closure 10, the blade-like interacting elements 64 slip over the beveled inclined surfaces 68. As a result, the rotation of the outer cap 12 will not lead to a corresponding rotation of the inner cap 14. However, it should be apparent that the same basic construction and functionalities can be provided in case that the rotational direction for closing and opening the container should be reversed.

[0090] An opening of the closure 10 requires that the driving members 62 of the outer cap 12 are brought in engagement with the serrations 66 of the inner cap 14. This is only possible after the outer cap 12 has been axially displaced towards the inner cap 14 against the retaining force of the elastic members 60. Only after the application of a pushing force onto the top surface of the outer cap 12, the driving members 62 can interact with the serrations 66 so that rotation of the outer cap 12 in a counterclockwise direction will also rotate the inner cap 14 in the same direction.

[0091] The elastic members 60 allow the disengagement of the driving members 62 and serrations 66 once the axial pressure on the outer cap 12 is released so that the elastic members 60 return to their relaxed position and displace the outer cap 12 in an axial direction away from the inner cap 14.

[0092] As a result, the closing of the closure 10 onto a container is easy to achieve and only requires a simple rotational movement of the outer cap 12, whereas the opening of the closure 10 requires a complex operation starting with an axial displacement of the outer cap 12 towards the inner cap 14 under axial pressure, followed by a rotational movement while maintaining the axial pressure. Such complex operation establishes a highly effective child resistance.

[0093] When first using the closure 10, the axial displacement of the outer cap 12 towards the inner cap 14 is used to break the frangible means 30 between the tamper-evident member 24 and the surrounding region 26 of the first top wall 18 of the outer cap 12. Thus, when first pushing down the closure 10, the frangible connections of the tamper-evident member 24 are broken and the tamper-evident member 24 separates from the surrounding region 26 of the first top wall 18.

[0094] Alternatively, the tamper-evident member 24 may completely manually be removed including breaking the frangible means. For this purpose, a tongue or latch or an opening in the tamper-evident member 24 may be provided. According to a preferred embodiment, however, the protruding element is used to break the frangible means.

[0095] The tamper-evident member 24 can be integrally formed with the first top wall 18 of the outer cap 12. It can be of a different colour and/or material than the surrounding region 26 of the first top wall 18. This can be realized by means of a bi-injection moulding process. It is either possible to first mould the tamper-evident means and then, moulding from the existing mould the surrounding region 26 of the first top wall 18 and the first sidewall 16 of the outer cap 12, or to first mould the outer cap 12 with a hollow space on its top wall and then to mould from the existing mould the tamper-evident member. By using a colour for the tamper-evident member that is different from the colour of the remaining part of the outer cap 12, the tampering becomes more evident.

[0096] A preferred solution uses a different colour at least in part for the protrusion 46 of the inner cap 14. After the tamper-evident member 24 has been removed, the different colour of the protrusion 46 can be seen and serves as a clear indication for the tampering.

[0097] Preferably, the tamper-evident member 24 is removed after the frangible means has been broken. It can comprise a window allowing the passing of a finger of the user for its easy removal. It can further comprise a seizure member that extends outwardly from the top surface of the tamper-evident member for facilitating its removal before the closure is first opened by the above-described complex operation starting with pushing down the outer cap 12 towards the inner cap 14. In other words, independent of the specific embodiment as described here, the provision of a window for the removal of the tamper-evident member 24 after the frangible means have been broken, or the removal of the tamper-evident member 24 before pushing down the outer cap 12 by means of a seizure member are possible.

[0098] In the embodiment as described with reference to FIGS. 3, 4a, 4b, 5a and 5b, the protrusion 46 is shaped to correspond to the shape of the tamper-evident member 24. However, this is not a requirement and instead of the protrusion 46, one or a plurality of smaller protrusions can be provided while maintaining the same function.

[0099] Nevertheless, it can be advantageous to select the shape of the protrusion 46 such that it corresponds to the geometry of the tamper-evident member 24.

[0100] FIGS. 7a, 7b and 7c schematically describe a further embodiment of the closure 10 in which the cooperating engagement means are provided by the interaction between the protrusion 46 and the surrounding region 26. In such a case, the driving members 62 and the serrations 66 are no longer required because their function as an engagement means is incorporated in the interaction between the protrusion 46 and the surrounding region 26 around the tamper-evident member 24.

[0101] Turning now to FIGS. 7a and 7b, different geometries of the surrounding regions 26 of the first top wall 18 after removal of the tamper-evident member 24, and of the protrusions 46 are shown. It can be seen that the protrusions 46 will provide a form lock interaction with the surrounding region 26 once the outer cap 12 has been axially displaced towards the inner cap 14 so that the protrusion 46 extends through the opening in the surrounding region 26. The form lock interaction between the outer cap 12 and the inner cap 14 allows the unscrewing of the closure 10 from the container 20.

[0102] The embodiment according to FIG. 7c does not use a mutual geometry of the protrusion 46 and the opening in the surrounding region 26 which automatically generates a form lock interaction, but places the protrusion 46 and the opening in the surrounding region 26 in an off-center position on the first top wall 18 such that a rotation R of the outer cap 12 will also rotate the inner cap 14 if the protrusion 46 extends into the opening in the surrounding region 26.

[0103] Throughout the embodiments as described above, the inner cap 14 is provided with the protrusion 46 which can be used to break the frangible means 30 around the tamper-evident member 24 in the first top wall 18 of the outer cap 12. However, it is also possible to provide a protrusion on that side of the tamper-evident member 24 which, before the frangible means 30 has been broken, faces towards the second top wall 44 of the inner cap 14.

[0104] FIG. 6 shows a partial cross section of the closure 10 according to a further embodiment of the invention. As can be seen in FIG. 6, the basic elements of the closure 10 are identical or at least very similar to those as described in the context of the embodiment of FIG. 3. The basic difference is the provision of one or a plurality of protruding elements 70 on the tamper-evident member 24. The operation of the closure 10 according to FIG. 6 is the same as that as explained in detail above. An axial displacement of the outer cap 12 towards the inner cap 14 brings the protruding element 70 in abutting contact with the second top wall 44 of the inner cap 14 and breaks the frangible bridges 30 around the tamper-evident member 24.

[0105] FIG. 8 shows an even further embodiment of the invention. The outer cap 12 shown in FIG. 8a omits the elastic members 60 described previously. Hence, in this embodiment, the outer cap 12 is not biased away from the inner cap 14 shown in FIG. 8b.

[0106] Further, the tamper-evident member 24 has already been removed in FIG. 8a for clarity reasons leaving an opening 96 in the top wall 18 of the outer cap 12. The opening 96 is defined or limited by diametrically opposite straight edge portions 90 (substantially parallel to a rotation axis or axial direction of the closure) and diametrically opposite beveled edge portions 92 (slanted relative to the rotation axis of the closure). In other words, the beveled edge portions 92 have slanted surfaces starting at an edge of the opening 96 (or the tamper-evident member 24) and slanting away from the opening (or the tamper-evident member 24) towards the inner cap 14.

[0107] The shape of the opening 96 and, hence, the tamper-evident member 24 and of the protruding element 46 shown in FIG. 8b match each other (both are oval in this embodiment).

[0108] Further, two protrusions 80 as first landmark element and a protrusion 82 as second landmark element are provided at the facing sides of the first top wall 18 and the second top wall 44, respectively.

[0109] The remainder of the configuration is similar to the previous embodiments and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0110] Before use of the closure 10, the tamper-evident member 24 is fixed via the frangible means 30 to the surrounding region 26 of the outer cap 12 as shown in FIG. 8c. As with the other embodiments, application of an axial force on the outer cap 12 presses the tamper-evident member 24 against the protruding element 46, whereby the frangible means 30 is broken and the tamper-evident member 24 can be removed. As the shape of the protrusion 46 and the tamper-evident member 24 is oval in this embodiment, the protrusion 46 and the tamper-evident member 24 will have to be aligned in order to separate the tamper-evident member 24 from the outer cap 12. For this purpose, the outer cap 12 is rotated until the protrusion 82 engages with or contacts one of the protrusions 80, whereby the user obtains a sensible feedback and may, thus, conclude that the protrusion 46 and the tamper-evident member 24 are aligned. Subsequently, the axial force is applied onto the outer cap 12 as previously described.

[0111] In this alignment position as shown in FIG. 8d a force-fit will be established between the straight edge portion 90 of the opening 96 and the facing outer edge (sidewall) of the protruding element 46 (see FIG. 8d on the left-hand side). As the protruding element 46 and the opening 96 are oval, the force fit is active in the clockwise direction (direction of closing the closure). Hence, the inner cap 14 is rotated together with the outer cap 12 even without an axial force being applied when rotating the outer cap 12 in the second rotational direction (closing the closure).

[0112] According to FIGS. 8d and 8e, an outer edge is formed at an end of the beveled edge portions 92 at the opening. This outer edge also extends substantially parallel to the axial direction and has a lower corner 94. This lower corner 94 of the outer edge is located higher than the top surface or top corner 98 of the protruding element 46 when the outer cap 12 rests on the inner cap 14 even without any forces being applied. To put it differently, there is a distance between the lower corner 94 and the top corner 98 of the protruding element 46. Accordingly, when the outer cap 12 is rotated in the first rotational direction (opening the closure), the outer cap 12 rotates above the top corner of the protruding element 46 which slides along the beveled edge portions 92. As only a line contact is established between the top corner 98 of the protruding element 46 and the surface of the beveled edge portions 92, the rotation of the outer cap 12 is not transferred to the inner cap 14. In order to transfer the mechanical torque, an axial force has to be applied to the outer cap 12, whereby the beveled edge portions 92 are firmly pressed against the top corner 98 of the protruding element 46 and the rotation can be transferred from the outer cap 12 to the inner cap 14. Accordingly, the rotational force in the first rotational direction is transferred upon application of the axial force plus a turning mechanical torque on the outer cap 12 in order to also rotate the inner cap 14 and thereby open the closure. The engagement between the beveled edge portions 92 and the top corner 98 of the protruding element 46 forming the engagement means is in this case a frictional engagement.

[0113] A further embodiment not shown in the drawings combines the general principles laid down in FIGS. 3 and 6. The provision of a protrusion 46 as shown in FIG. 3 can be combined with the provision of a protruding element 70 as shown in FIG. 6.

[0114] FIGS. 9 to 20 show a further embodiment and a variant thereof of the child-resistant and tamper-evident closure according to the invention.

[0115] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the inner cap. Due to the high similarities to the inner cap as shown e.g. in FIGS. 3, 4a and 4b, in the following reference will be made to the specific differences over the inner cap of the closure according to FIGS. 3, 4a and 4b. Firstly, the inner cap 14 is shown as it is molded. The desiccant chamber 48 has not yet been filled with sorbent material, closed with a permeable material, and the closing means 52, which are extensions of the annular wall 50 with reduced wall thickness have not been crimped to close the container. The same inner cap mounted within the closure, wherein the desiccant chamber 48 is filled with sorbent material and closed can be seen in FIG. 20.

[0116] A first difference over the geometry of the inner cap as shown e.g. in FIG. 3 is the size of the desiccant chamber which can be freely adapted to the specific needs and, in the example of FIG. 9, is smaller than that as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4b. The vertical ribs 51 as shown in FIG. 11 are provided in order to improve the support of the closing means 54 (see FIG. 20), which is often made of cardboard, once the desiccant chamber has been filled with sorbent material.

[0117] A second difference is the shape of the sealing skirt 38 which distinguishes from the sealing skirt 38 as shown in FIG. 3 in that it has an inwardly slanted external sealing surface. The inwardly slanted external sealing surface promotes the tightness of the inner cap when used on standardized bottles or containers. This is based on the fact that the inwardly slanted external sealing surface can be more easily adapted to different dimensional variations of the inner side of the neck of the bottle or container on which the inventive closure is used. Because of the slanted sealing surface, the sealing contact is likely to be a line contact only so that tolerances and even small irregularities of the dimensional variations of the neck of the bottle or container can be accounted for. As can be seen in the mounted state on an example container as shown in FIG. 20, there is a line contact between the sealing surface and the inner edge of the neck of the container which provides a better sealing contact due to the deformation of the sealing surface along the contact line. Further, dimensional variations in the thickness of the mouth of the container can easily be adapted.

[0118] A further difference which is independent of the inwardly slanted external sealing surface is a small step in the outer diameter of the inner cap. In other words, the outer surface of the second sidewall 42 comprises a region 42a with a slightly lager outer diameter and a second region 42b in which the outer diameter of the inner cap is slightly smaller. This difference of the outer diameter of the inner cap allows an easy and quick assembly of the inner cap into the outer cap and reduces the reject rate. Since the region 42b with the smaller diameter is closer to the top of the inner cap as compared to the region 42a with a larger diameter, it is easier to center the inner cap for the assembly within the outer cap. If the orientation of the inner cap relative to the outer cap is not perfectly centered, the inner cap will still enter the outer cap and is self-centered therein during assembly. This simplifies a high-speed process of assembly.

[0119] A further difference as compared to the previous embodiments is the position of the inclined surfaces 68 which, in the embodiment according to FIGS. 3, 4a are positioned at the sidewall of the inner cap. In the present embodiment, the inclined surfaces 68 are on the top wall 44 of the inner cap. The advantage of such position of the inclined surfaces 68 is that the inner diameter of the outer cap can be designed to be close to the outer diameter of the inner cap so that the inventive closure can be designed with a smaller outer diameter of the outer cap and becomes more compact.

[0120] Preferably, there are at least 10 inclined surfaces 68 distributed over the second top wall 44. The advantage of a higher number of inclined surfaces 68 is that the angle between the step portions of consecutive, wedge-shaped elements with the inclined surfaces 68 is less than 20. During the opening and without applying downward pressure on the outer cap, the inclined surfaces cooperate with the elastic members 60 of the outer cap as shown in FIG. 12. Preferably, the number of the inclined surfaces 68 is twice the number of the elastic members 60. Therefore, during opening and without applying a downward pressure, the elastic members 60 slide over the inclined surfaces 68 and give an audible indication as soon as the outer cap 12 has been rotated by around 20 or less relative to the inner cap 14. Preferably, there are at least 10 audible indications per revolution.

[0121] During the closing operation, the free end of the elastic members 60 move down the inclined surfaces 68 and will be stopped at the step portions 69. In this way, the closing can be carried out by a simple rotation of the outer cap without requiring a downward pressure. The height of the step portions 69 is preferably at least 0.8 mm.

[0122] Further, in the embodiment according to FIG. 10, a higher number of serrations 66 have been provided. The increase of the number of serrations 66 as compared to the embodiment of FIGS. 3, 4a and 4b also contributes to a more efficient opening of the closure once the driving members 62 (see FIGS. 13 and 14) of the outer cap were brought in engagement with the serrations 66 of the inner cap 14. Preferably, the number of the serrations 66 should be at least 10. Preferably, the angle between the same point of two consecutive serrations 66 should be less than 40.

[0123] Turning now to FIG. 12, a cross-section of the outer cap suitable for the inner cap as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 is shown. Like in the embodiment as shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b, the outer cap 12 is provided with a first sidewall 16, a first top wall 18 and a tamper-evident member 24. There are driving members 62 for cooperating with the serrations 66 in the process of opening the closure.

[0124] In addition to the embodiment as shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b, the outer cap is provided with centering ribs 74, which can also be seen in FIGS. 13 and 14. Due to the difference of the outer diameter of the inner cap along the height of the inner cap, the ribs 74 are provided to re-center the inner cap inside the outer cap after it has been assembled. Thus, the gap between the inner diameter of the sidewall of the outer cap and the outer diameter of the inner cap in the region 42b, in which the outer diameter of the inner cap is slightly decreased, is compensated by the centering ribs 74 whose length is also adapted to extend over at least a major part of the height of the region 42b.

[0125] The major difference between the outer cap as shown in FIG. 12 and that as shown in FIG. 5b is the provision of one single set of elastic members 60 and the omission of the blade-like interacting elements 64 as shown in FIG. 5b. The elastic members 60 have a basis 60a at which they are attached to the top wall of the outer cap. The basis 60a extends substantially perpendicularly from the top wall followed by a transitional section in which the elastic member 60 changes its direction into the angular position as shown. In order to impart a sufficient strength to the elastic members 60, a reinforcing rib 61 is provided which extends between the lower surface of the top wall 18 and the elastic member 60 close to its starting end of the basis 60a where it is attached to the top wall 18. The reinforcing rib 61 preferably does not extend over the whole width of each elastic member 60.

[0126] The elastic member 60 according to the present embodiment has an increased robustness and stiffness as compared to the embodiment as shown in FIG. 5b. It has been found that the specific design of the elastic means as described in this application, allows for maintaining the child resistant properties of the stopper, even if the elastic means have been forced by application of an excessive torque when closing the cap. In such case, the elastic means will be returned, but will maintain their function to space away the outer cap from the inner cap. In their original configuration, the inclined portion of the elastic means is extending in screwing direction when starting from the base portion. Once the inner cap has been fully screwed on the container neck, a possible misuse of the cap consists in turning the outer cap into screwing direction, without simultaneous application of a vertical force. In such a case, the elastic means will abut the locking surface of the wedge-shaped element and under application of an excessive torque, the elastic means can be forced. As a result, the inclined portion of the elastic means will then extend in the opposed direction (unscrewing direction) when starting from the base portion, in a substantially symmetrical geometry when compared to their original configuration. This result is obtained from the provision of the substantially perpendicular portion 60a attaching the elastic means to the top surface of the inner cap and of the curved transition portion between the perpendicular portion and the inclined portion of the elastic means.

[0127] In FIG. 13, a cross-sectional view of the outer cap is shown which has a high similarity to that as shown in FIG. 12. What is different is the geometry of the elastic members 60 close to their basis where they are attached to the lower side of the top wall 18. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view along the line A-A of FIG. 14. In the embodiment of FIGS. 13 to 19, the basis 60a of the elastic means 60 also extends substantially perpendicularly from the lower surface of the top wall 18. This can be best seen in FIGS. 17 and 18. In FIG. 14, the basis 60a of the elastic members 60 can be seen. In addition to this, a reinforcing rib 61 is provided which, as can be best seen from the top view as shown in FIG. 19 has a width which is smaller than that of the basis 60a and is arranged next to the basis 60a in a width direction of the elastic member 60.

[0128] As can be seen from FIG. 14, there are only 5 elastic members 60 provided on the lower surface of the top wall 18, whereas in FIG. 10 there are 10 inclined surfaces. The total numbers are of minor importance but it is preferred that the number of inclined surfaces is twice the number of the elastic members.

[0129] Preferably, the space between two consecutive elastic means is substantially the same as an elastic means.

[0130] FIGS. 17 and 18 are a view in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 16, and in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 16, respectively. As can be seen, the elastic member 60 generally has an angular orientation relative to the top wall 18, wherein the angle is 20<<45, preferably 2540. Most preferably, the angle is about 30. Further, it should be noted that it is preferred that the thickness of the elastic means increases from the basis 60a to the free end 60b of the elastic member 60. At least, the thickness t.sub.2 at the free end 60b should not be smaller than the thickness t.sub.1 at the basis 60a of the elastic member 60. However, it is preferred that the thickness t.sub.2 at the free end 60b is about 25% higher than the thickness t.sub.1 at the basis 60a of the elastic member. As regards the total thicknesses, the thickness t.sub.1 at the basis 60a of the elastic member 60 should satisfy the equation:

t.sub.1T

[0131] wherein T is the thickness of the top wall 18 of the outer cap. As a specific example, the wall thickness T of the top wall 18 could be 1.2 mm, the thickness t.sub.1 at the basis 60a could be 0.8 mm and the thickness t.sub.2 at the front end 60b could be 1.2 mm. In general, the thickness t.sub.2 of the elastic member 60 at the free end 60b should be about 1 mm.

[0132] Further preferred dimensions follow from FIG. 19 which shows a top view of the elastic member according to the embodiment of FIGS. 13 to 18. The width W.sub.0 of the reinforcing rib 61 should satisfy the equation:

W.sub.0T

[0133] with the thickness T of the top wall 18 of the outer cap (see FIG. 18). For example, for a thickness of the top wall T of about 1.2 mm, the width W.sub.0 of the reinforcing rib 61 could be selected to be about 0.6 mm.

[0134] Finally, it was found to be advantageous to set the relative dimensions of the width W.sub.0 of the reinforcing rib 61 and the width W.sub.1 at the basis 60a of the elastic member 60 so that W.sub.1<W.sub.0.

[0135] The above-discussed preferred geometries, and especially [0136] the angular orientation of the elastic member, [0137] the increasing thickness of the elastic member from the basis 60a to the free end 60b, [0138] the preferred thickness of the elastic member 60 in relation to the thickness of the top wall, [0139] the width of the reinforcing rib, and [0140] the relationship between the width of the reinforcing rib 61 and the width at the basis 60a of the elastic member

[0141] can be independently realized or be realized in any combinations thereof. The positions of the elastic members 60 and the wedge-shaped elements with the inclined surfaces 68 can be exchanged so that the elastic members are attached to the upper surface of the top wall 44 of the inner cap 14.

[0142] No matter how the reinforcing rib 61 is shaped, the outer cap 12 with the elastic members 60 can be demolded without requiring a sliding mold. Nevertheless, due to the change of direction of the elastic members 60, which start from the top wall in a vertical direction and then run in an oblique direction, it is preferable to have a core of the mold that is in two parts for molding the internal surface of the cap. A mould 100 with a first part of the core 110 and a second part of the core 120 is shown in FIG. 24c, and FIGS. 24a and 24b show the first part 110 of the core and the second part 120 of the core, respectively. The first part 110 of the core of the mold 100 is on the center and includes the surface of the elastic members facing the top wall. The second part 120 of the core is an annular part which includes the cavity for the opposed surface of the elastic members. In such a way, the elastic members 60 with the curved shape as shown can be molded by first separating the outer cap 12 from the second part 120, which allows the elastic members to flex for being released from the first part 110 of the mould.

[0143] The outer cap as shown in FIG. 15 can represent the perspective top view both for the embodiment as shown in FIG. 16 and the embodiment as shown in FIG. 12 with their different shapes of the reinforcing ribs 61.

[0144] FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view which shows the final assembly of the inner cap and outer cap on the neck of a container. The desiccant chamber 48 of the inner cap 14 is filled with sorbent material. The gas permeable cover 54 closes the desiccant chamber 48 and is held by the closing means 52 which are the ends of the annular sidewall 50 of the desiccant chamber and which are crimped to hold the cover 54. The inner cap 14 is nested within the outer cap 12 such that the elastic members 60 abut against the inclined surfaces 68. The inner cap and outer cap are screwed onto the neck portion 34 of the container. The dispensing opening of the container is sealed by the contact of the neck portion 34 of the container with the sealing skirt 38 of the inner cap 14.

[0145] In operation, if a user turns the outer cap relative to the inner cap in an opening rotational direction without pushing down the outer cap, there will be an audible indication of the elastic members 60 which ride up the beveled surfaces 68 and then elastically snap down the step portions 69 of the wedge-shaped elements with the beveled surfaces 68.

[0146] Once the outer cap 12 is sufficiently depressed relative to the inner cap 14, the tamper-evident member 24 will be removed from the outer cap by breaking the frangible means 30 between the top wall 18 of the outer cap 12 and the tamper-evident member 24. When further pushing down the outer cap 12 relative to the inner cap 14, the driving members 62 of the outer cap come into engagement with the serrations 66 of the inner cap so that the closure can be opened.

[0147] When closing the closure again, a user turns the outer cap in the opposite direction. The elastic members 60 abut against the step portions 69 of the wedge-shaped elements with the beveled surfaces 68 so that the inner cap 14 will be rotated together with the outer cap 12. No depression of the outer cap 12 relative to the inner cap 14 is required.

[0148] The elastic members 60 have the further function to bias the inner cap 14 and outer cap 12 away from each other in an axial direction so that the tamper-evident member 24 will not be broken without the specific application of a downward pushing force on the outer cap 12 during the first use of the closure.

[0149] The embodiments as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 are only examples of possible designs of the top wall 18 of the outer cap 12. The closure is provided with an indication 72 which is both on the outwardly facing surface 72a of the tamper-evident member 24 and the outwardly facing surface 72b of the surrounding region 26 which is part of the top wall 18 of the outer cap 12. The indication on the surfaces 72a and 72b supplement each other in such a way that, once the tamper-evident member 24 is no more present, it becomes evident that a part of the top wall is missing and that the closure is no more tamper proof.

[0150] FIG. 22 shows a different design of the indication 72 and distinguishes from the embodiment according to FIG. 21 by the shape of the frangible means 30. In the embodiment according to FIG. 21, the frangible means 30 will break close to the surrounding region 26 which are part of the top wall 18 of the outer cap 12, whereas the substantially triangular shape of the frangible means 30 in the embodiment of FIG. 22 will lead to a breaking of the frangible means 30 at a position where the frangible means are linked to the tamper-evident member 24. Therefore, once the tamper-evident member 24 has been removed, the frangible bridges 30 still protrude out of the surrounding region 26 so that it becomes even more visible that a part of the outer cap 12 has been removed and that the container is no more tamper proof. In order to increase the visibility, it is preferable that the remaining frangible means 30 protrude at least 0.5 mm out of the surrounding region 26 and into the opening left once the tamper-evident member 24 has been removed.

[0151] The embodiment according to FIG. 23 shows a cross-sectional view which is similar to that as shown in FIG. 20. It shows the closure in the state in which the tamper-evident member has already been removed by pushing down the outer cap 12 in an axial direction towards the inner cap 14. In the following, the specific differences between FIG. 20 and FIG. 23 will be addressed so that no detailed explanation of the other elements is required.

[0152] FIG. 23 lacks the provision of elastic members 60 so that there is no elastic biasing force which, once the outer cap 12 has been axially pushed towards the inner cap 14, lifts up the outer cap 14 into its initial position. Instead, a blocking means 57 is provided which, in the embodiment according to FIG. 23, is a radially inwardly directed bead on the outer cap 12 which, as shown in FIG. 23, forms a form-fit connection with the inner cap 14 and fixes the relative position of the outer cap and the inner cap such that the serrations 62 and 66 remain engaged without requiring the downward pressure. The closure can be simply unscrewed without requiring a complex movement. Accordingly, there is no continued child-resistance except for the container before its first use.

[0153] Both the inner cap 14 and outer cap 12 can be manufactured by means of injection moulding from a suitable plastic material. Examples of polymers usable are polyolefin-based polymers, in particular polyethylene and especially high density polyethylene, as well as polypropylene.

[0154] The material of the closure 10 as well as the material of the corresponding container has to be selected according to the specific field of application. The same applies for the use of an active agent for either trapping or releasing a gaseous component. These materials have to be selected according to the use of the container and its closure. Because of their high safety as being childproof combined with a very clear indication which makes any tampering highly evident, the container and closure are advantageously used for storing medical compositions, like tablets or capsules.

[0155] The major advantage of the inventive closure is its high versatility. It can be used for all screw-necked bottles or containers. Without any modification to a conventional screw necked bottle or container, it is possible to combine the three functions of being child resistant, tamper-evident and providing active control of the atmosphere in the container.