Abstract
Disconnecting device for a power line, having at least one disconnecting means which is spatially arranged between a first and a second connector when the disconnecting device is in a closed state, the disconnecting means having at least one connecting element forming an electrical connection between the connectors when the disconnecting device is in the closed state, wherein the connecting element is electrically connected to the first connector via a first contact point and to the second connector via a second contact point when the disconnecting device is in the closed state, and wherein the disconnecting means is arranged in such a way that a breakdown voltage between the first and the second connector when the disconnecting device is in an open state is greater than between the first connector and the first contact point of the connecting element and/or between the second connector and the second contact point of the connecting element.
Claims
1. A disconnecting device for a power line, the disconnecting device comprising: at least one disconnecting means which is spatially arranged between a first connector and a second connector when the disconnecting device is in a closed state, the at least one disconnecting means being movable between a closed position and an open position, and having at least one connecting element forming an electrical connection between the first and second connectors when the disconnecting device is in the closed state, wherein the at least one connecting element is electrically connected to the first connector via a first contact point and to the second connector via a second contact point when the disconnecting device is in the closed state, wherein the at least one disconnecting means is arranged in such a way that a breakdown voltage between the first connector and the second connector when the disconnecting device is in an open state is greater than the breakdown voltage between at least one of the first connector and the first contact point of the at least one connecting element and the second connector and the second contact point of the at least one connecting element, wherein the at least one disconnecting means is coated with at least two resistor elements which have different specific conductivities and form a resistance gradient, and wherein the at least two resistor elements, immediately after disconnection, are arranged between the first and second connectors, thereby electrically connecting the first and second connectors.
2. The disconnecting device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one connecting element is arranged on the at least one disconnecting means in such a way that a disconnection takes place at at least two contact points at substantially the same time.
3. The disconnecting device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one disconnecting means is movable between an open state and the closed state of the disconnecting device in at least one of a translational manner and a rotational manner.
4. The disconnecting device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one disconnecting means comprises a catch tab which holds the at least one disconnecting means in position when the disconnecting device is in the closed state.
5. The disconnecting device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one disconnecting means is controlled by compressed air.
6. The disconnecting device according to claim 1, wherein, in a final state of the disconnecting device, the at least one disconnecting means is arranged in such a way that the breakdown voltage between the first connector and the second connector is the same as or less than the breakdown voltage between at least one of the first connector and the first contact point of the at least one connecting element and the second connector and the second contact point of the at least one connecting element.
7. The disconnecting device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one disconnecting means comprises at least one isolation element which is spatially arranged between the first connector and the second connector when the disconnecting device is in an open state.
8. The disconnecting device according to claim 7, wherein the at least one isolation element is formed from an isolation material having a dielectric strength of more than 5 kV/mm.
9. The disconnecting device according to claim 7, wherein the at least one isolation element is formed from an isolation material having a specific electric conductivity of less than 10.sup.5 S.Math.cm.sup.1.
10. The disconnecting device according to claim 1, wherein the at least two resistor elements are formed from a material having a specific electric conductivity of less than 10.sup.2 S.Math.cm.sup.1.
11. The disconnecting device according to claim 1, wherein the disconnecting device comprises at least two disconnecting means electrically connected in series, and wherein the at least two disconnecting means are spatially separated from one another.
12. A method for disconnecting a power line, the method comprising: receiving at least one disconnecting signal, triggering at least one control signal in such a way that an electrical connection between a connecting element arranged on a disconnecting means and a first connector at a first contact point and an electrical connection between the connecting element and a second connector at a second contact point is disconnected by the movement of the disconnecting means from a closed position to an open position in such a way that a breakdown voltage between the first connector and the second connector when the disconnecting device is in a disconnected state is greater than the breakdown voltage between at least one of the first connector and the first contact point of the connecting element and the second connector and the second contact point of the connecting element, wherein the disconnecting means is coated with at least two resistor elements, wherein the at least two resistor elements have different specific conductivities and form a resistance gradient, and wherein the at least two resistor elements are arranged between the first connector and the second connector immediately after disconnection.
13. The method for disconnecting a power line according to claim 12, wherein, in addition to a disconnection of the electrical connection, at substantially the same time as the disconnection of the electrical connection, a second electrical connection is produced to discharge stored electrical energy.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(1) The subject matter is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing showing embodiments, in which:
(2) FIG. 1a shows a disconnecting device for a power line according to a first embodiment in a closed state;
(3) FIG. 1b shows the disconnecting device according to FIG. 1a in an open state;
(4) FIG. 1c shows a disconnecting device for a power line according to a first embodiment having a two-part disconnecting means in a closed state;
(5) FIG. 1d shows the disconnecting device according to FIG. 1c in an open state;
(6) FIG. 2a shows a disconnecting device for a power line according to a second embodiment in a closed state;
(7) FIG. 2b shows the disconnecting device according to FIG. 2a in an open state;
(8) FIG. 3a shows a disconnecting device for a power line in a two-stage configuration according to a first embodiment in a closed state;
(9) FIG. 3b shows the disconnecting device according to FIG. 3a in a state immediately after the disconnection;
(10) FIG. 3c shows the disconnecting device according to FIG. 3a, b in an open state;
(11) FIG. 4a shows a disconnecting device for a power line in a two-stage configuration according to a second embodiment in a closed state;
(12) FIG. 4b shows the disconnecting device according to FIG. 4a in a state immediately after the disconnection;
(13) FIG. 4c shows the disconnecting device according to FIG. 4a, b in an open state;
(14) FIG. 5a shows a disconnecting device for a power line in a parallel arrangement according to a first embodiment in a closed state;
(15) FIG. 5b shows the disconnecting device according to FIG. 5a in an open state;
(16) FIG. 6a shows a disconnecting device for a power line in a parallel arrangement according to a second embodiment in a closed state;
(17) FIG. 6b shows the disconnecting device according to FIG. 6a in an open state;
(18) FIG. 7a shows a disconnecting device for a power line in a parallel arrangement and a two-stage configuration according to a first embodiment in a closed state;
(19) FIG. 7b shows the disconnecting device according to FIG. 7a in a state immediately after the disconnection;
(20) FIG. 7c shows the disconnecting device according to FIG. 7a, b in an open state;
(21) FIG. 8a shows a disconnecting device for a power line in a parallel arrangement and a two-stage configuration according to a second embodiment in a closed state;
(22) FIG. 8b shows the disconnecting device according to FIG. 8a in a state immediately after the disconnection;
(23) FIG. 8c shows the disconnecting device according to FIG. 8a, b in an open state;
(24) FIG. 9a shows a disconnecting device for a power line for the simultaneous disconnection and production of an electrical connection according to a first embodiment in an initial state;
(25) FIG. 9b shows the disconnecting device according to FIG. 9a in a final state;
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(26) Wherever possible, the same reference signs have been used for like elements in the drawings.
(27) FIG. 1a shows a disconnecting device for a power line 1 in a closed state. In this state, a first connector 2 and a second connector 4 are electrically interconnected by means of a connecting element 8 at a first and a second contact point 10a, 10b. The connecting element 8 is arranged on or at a disconnecting means 6. A connection lug 12 is fastened to the disconnecting means 6, which lug is arranged on an ignition channel 12 comprising an ignition squib 14.
(28) The connecting element 8 and the connectors 2, 4 can be formed preferably from an electrically conductive material, such as a copper material or an aluminium material. In this case, the connectors 2, 4 and the connecting element 8 can also be formed from different materials.
(29) The connecting element 8 can preferably be in the form of a flat cable. It is understood that, according to another variant, round cables can equally be used instead of flat cables. At the same time, a combination of round and flat cables can also be provided. The connecting element 8 can preferably be arranged on the disconnecting means 6. The connecting element 8 is preferably a metal conducting path which is preferably arranged in a groove or recess in the disconnecting means 6.
(30) As shown in FIG. 1a, the disconnecting means 6 is a circular component which can preferably be rotatably mounted. Advantageously, the disconnecting means 6 can be formed from an electrical isolator, preferably a plastics material or a ceramic. In this case, the disconnecting means 6 can comprise in particular groove-shaped or partly circular recesses into which the connecting element 8 can be inserted. Thus, in a closed state of the disconnecting device 1, for example an electrical connection between a first and a second connector 2, 4 can be produced by means of the connecting element 8.
(31) The contact points 10a, 10b can advantageously be in the form of predetermined breaking points comprising taperings of material. For this purpose, in the closed state of the disconnecting device 1, for example the material cross sections in the corresponding contact regions 10a, 10b between the connectors 2, 4 and the connecting element can be smaller than at the connectors 2, 4 and/or the connecting element 8. Preferably, the contact regions 10a, 10b can also be formed from a material which firstly has a low material strength, and secondly has a high current load capacity.
(32) The connection lug 12 attached to the ignition channel 12 can also comprise a predetermined breaking point which can preferably be arranged at the contact point between the connection lug 12 and ignition channel 12.
(33) FIG. 1b shows the disconnecting device for a power line 1 from FIG. 1a in an open state. In this case, the two connectors 2, 4 are now no longer interconnected by means of the connecting element 8, but rather are electrically disconnected from one another as a result of a rotation of the disconnecting means 6. From FIG. 1b, it can be seen that the connection lug 12 was disconnected from the ignition channel 12 by the triggering of the ignition squib 14, and the disconnecting means 6 could thus no longer be held in the original position thereof. By means of the rotation shown of the disconnecting means 6 by an angle of approx. 20-25 anticlockwise, the connecting element 8 was disconnected from the first and second connectors 2, 4 at the first and second contact points 10a, 10b. It is understood that, according to another variant, instead of an anticlockwise rotation, a rotation can also take place clockwise.
(34) By means of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1a, b, it is possible to disconnect, substantially simultaneously, the current path at two different contact points 10a, 10b which are arranged at a distance from one another, as a result of which the induced voltage is divided between both disconnecting points. Consequently, the probability of electric arcs being formed is considerably reduced.
(35) FIG. 1c shows a disconnecting device for a power line 1 having a two-part disconnecting means 6 in a closed state. In this state, a first connector 2 and a second connector 4 are electrically interconnected by means of a connecting element 8 and two other connecting pieces 10c, 10c. The connecting pieces 10c, 10c are arranged in each case on the first disconnecting means portion 6a of the disconnecting means 6 and are electrically connected to the first and the second connector 2, 4 respectively at a first contact point 10a and 10b respectively. Furthermore, the connecting pieces 10c, 10c are electrically connected to the connecting element 8 at a second contact point 10a and 10b respectively, which connecting element is arranged on the second disconnecting means portion 6b of the disconnecting means 6. According to the arrangement of the disconnecting device according to FIG. 1a, b, in the configuration having two-part disconnecting means, a connection lug 12 is additionally provided, which lug is fastened firstly to an ignition channel 12 comprising an ignition squib 14 and secondly to the disconnecting means portion 6a of the disconnecting means 6.
(36) FIG. 1d shows the disconnecting device for a power line 1 from FIG. 1c in an open state. In this case, the two connectors 2, 4 are now no longer electrically interconnected by means of the connecting element 8 and the two connecting pieces 10c, 10c, but rather are electrically disconnected from one another as a result of a rotation of the first disconnecting means portion 6a. From FIG. 1d, it can be seen that the connection lug 12 was also disconnected from the ignition channel 12 in the configuration having two-part disconnecting means by the triggering of the ignition squib 14. In contrast with the disconnecting device comprising one-piece disconnecting means according to FIG. 1a, b, however, in this case, only the position of the first disconnecting means portion 6a, and not the position of the entire disconnecting means 6 changes. As a result of the triggering of the ignition squib, the rotation shown of the first disconnecting means 6a by an angle of approx. 20-25 is caused, by means of which the connecting pieces 10c, 10c are disconnected between the first connector 2 and the connecting element 8 at the contact points 10a and 10a, and the second connector and the connecting element 8 at the contact points 10b and 10b.
(37) By means of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1c, d, it is possible to disconnect, substantially simultaneously, the current path not only at two, but at four different contact points 10a, 10a, 10b, 10W which are arranged at a distance from one another, as a result of which the induced voltage is divided between not only two, but four disconnecting points. Consequently, the probability of electric arcs being formed is further reduced in comparison with the disconnecting device comprising one-piece disconnecting means according to FIG. 1a, b. FIG. 2a shows a disconnecting device for a power line 1 according to a second embodiment in a closed state. In this case as well, a first connector 2 and a second connector 4 are electrically interconnected by means of a connecting element 8 at a first and a second contact point 10a, 10b. In contrast with the embodiment according to FIG. 1a, b, the disconnecting means 6 on which the connecting element 8 is arranged is formed to be rectangular. Also according to the embodiment from FIG. 2a, b, an ignition squib 14 is arranged in an ignition channel 12, but, unlike as proposed in FIG. 1a, b, a connection lug is not fastened to the ignition channel 12, but rather a pin 16 is arranged on the ignition channel 12.
(38) As shown in FIG. 2, the disconnecting means 6 and the pin 16 can be held in the position thereof by a lateral delimitation 16 in order to prevent movement of the pin 16 and the disconnecting means 6 substantially perpendicularly to the main direction of movement.
(39) The main direction of movement of the pin 16 can be seen from FIG. 2b, which shows the disconnecting device for a power line 1 from FIG. 2a in an open state. In this case, the two connectors 2, 4 are now no longer interconnected by means of the connecting element 8, but rather are disconnected from one another as a result of a movement of the disconnecting means 6 in an angular manner, preferably perpendicularly to the connection axis of the connectors and the connecting element 8. From FIG. 2b, it can be seen that the pin 16 is accelerated away from the ignition channel 12 by the triggering of the ignition squib 14 and displaces the disconnecting means 6 out of the original position thereof. By means of the translational movement shown of the disconnecting means 6, the connecting element 8 was disconnected from the first and second connectors 2, 4 at the first and second contact points 10a, 10b. Also in this case, the disconnection of the current path takes place at substantially the same time.
(40) FIG. 3a-c show another embodiment of a disconnecting device for a power line 1 comprising a two-stage switching mechanism.
(41) In this case, FIG. 3a shows the structure already shown in FIG. 1a having a rotatable disconnecting element 6, in which a first and second connector 2, 4 are electrically interconnected by means of a connecting element 8. However, one difference is that the disconnecting means 6 according to the configuration from FIG. 3a comprises at least two resistor elements 18a, b which are arranged in a partly circular shape on the disconnecting means 6.
(42) The resistor elements can preferably be formed from a material having a low specific electric conductivity of less than 10.sup.2 S.Math.cm.sup.1, preferably less than 10.sup.1 S.Math.cm.sup.1, particularly preferably less than 10.sup.4 S.Math.cm.sup.1. The resistor elements can be connected to the disconnecting means 6, in particular soldered, bonded or welded. Likewise, the resistor elements can also be connected to the disconnecting means 6 in an interlocking manner, in particular as a tongue-and-groove or dovetail connection. More than only two resistor elements can also be arranged on the disconnecting means 6, which elements can preferably be formed from different materials having different specific electric conductivity in each case.
(43) FIG. 3b shows an intermediate form between a closed state of the disconnecting device 1 according to FIG. 3a and an open state according to FIG. 3c immediately after the disconnection of the connectors 2, 4 from the connecting element 8. In this case, the two connectors 2, 4 are now no longer electrically interconnected by means of the connecting element 8, but rather are now electrically interconnected at least in part by means of the resistor elements 18a, b as a result of a rotation of the disconnecting means 6. The rotation of the disconnecting means 6 takes placeas can be seen from FIG. 3bas a result of the triggering of an ignition squib 14 and the related disconnection of the connection lug 12 from the ignition channel 12. As a result of the rotation shown of the disconnecting means 6 by an angle of approx. 10-15 anticlockwise, the connecting element 8 was disconnected from the first and second connectors 2, 4 at the first and second contact points 10a, 10b, wherein in this case, however, an electrical connection is further formed between the first and second connectors at least in part by means of the resistor elements 18a, b.
(44) As already mentioned, more than only two resistor elements 18a, b can also be arranged on the disconnecting means 6 which can preferably be formed from different materials having different specific electric conductivities in each case. It has been recognised that the formation of an electric arc during the disconnection of a current-carrying line can be prevented as efficiently as possible in that resistor elements are arranged on the disconnecting means 6 forming a resistance gradient in the direction of movement. By means of this type of the arrangement, instead of an abrupt disconnection of a power line, a more gentle disconnection of a power line can be achieved in which there is a lower current gradient, which counteracts the formation of electric arcs.
(45) In this case, the two partly circular regions from FIG. 3a-c can be formed for example in each case from three different resistor elements which are arranged in such a way that the two resistor elements with the highest specific electric conductivity of all the six resistor elements in each case are arranged first of all at least in part between the two connectors as a result of a rotation of the disconnecting means 6 immediately after a disconnection of the disconnecting device 1. In the case of a further rotation or the continuation of a rotation, for example the two resistor elements having the next greatest specific electric conductivity in each case can subsequently be arranged at least in part between the two connectors. Lastly, during a last rotation or the further continuation of a rotation, for example in each case the two resistor elements having the lowest specific electric conductivity can lastly be arranged at least in part between the two connectors.
(46) FIG. 3c shows the disconnecting device for a power line 1 according to FIG. 3a, b according to a further or the continuation of a rotation by an angle of a further approx. 10-15 in an open state in which the two connectors 2, 4 are now not electrically interconnected either by means of the connecting element 8 or at least in part by means of the resistor elements 18a, b.
(47) By means of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3a-c, by generating a lower current gradient by using resistor elements, it is possible to further reduce the probability of electric arcs being formed by comparison with the embodiment according to FIG. 1a, b.
(48) FIG. 4a-c show a second embodiment of a disconnecting device for a power line 1 having an at least two-stage switching mechanism. In this case, FIG. 4a shows the structure already shown in FIG. 2a having a rectangular disconnecting means 6, in which a first and second connector 2, 4 are electrically interconnected by means of a connecting element 8. However, one difference is that the disconnecting means 6 according to the configuration from FIG. 4a comprises a resistor element 18 which is arranged on or at the disconnecting means 6.
(49) FIG. 4b shows a state between a closed state of the disconnecting device 1 according to FIG. 4a and an open state according to FIG. 4c immediately after the disconnection of the connectors 2, 4 from the connecting element 8. In this case, the two connectors 2, 4 are now no longer electrically interconnected by means of the connecting element 8, but rather are electrically interconnected by means of the resistor element 18 as a result of a translational movement of the disconnecting means 6. The translational movement of the disconnecting means 6 perpendicularly to the connection axis of the connectors and the connecting element takes placeas can be seen from FIG. 4bby the triggering of an ignition squib 14 and the related acceleration of the pin 16 away from the ignition channel 12.
(50) It is understood that in the embodiment according to FIG. 4a-c, more than only one resistor element can also be arranged on the disconnecting means 6, which elements can preferably formed from different materials having a different specific electric conductivity in each case. Thus, in this embodiment, an arrangement is also possible which further reduces the probability of electric arcs being formed by a reduction of the current gradient.
(51) FIG. 4c shows the disconnecting device for a power line 1 according to FIG. 4a, b in an open state. In this case, the two connectors 2, 4 are not electrically interconnected either by means of the connecting element 8 or by means of the resistor element 18.
(52) FIG. 5a, b show a disconnecting device for a power line 1 in a parallel arrangement according to a first embodiment.
(53) FIG. 5a shows a structure having a rotatable, circular disconnecting means 6 in a closed state. According to this embodiment, a first and a second connector 2, 4 are electrically interconnected by means of two connecting elements 8a, b at a first and second contact point 10a, 10a and a third and fourth contact point 10b, 10b. The connecting elements 8a, b are arranged on the disconnecting means 6. Similarly to the embodiment according to FIG. 1a, b, a connection lug 12 is fastened to the disconnecting means 6, which lug is arranged at an ignition channel 12 comprising an ignition squib 14.
(54) The connecting elements 8a, b can preferably be in the form of flat conductors. However, it is understood that the connecting elements 8a, b can also be in the form of round conductors. Preferably, the connecting elements 8a, b can be oriented substantially parallel to one another and have substantially the same length and the same cross section. In addition, the two connecting elements 8a, b can advantageously be formed from the same material.
(55) FIG. 5b shows a disconnecting device for a power line 1 according to FIG. 5a in an open state. In this case, the two connectors 2, 4 are no longer interconnected by means of the connecting elements 8a, b, but rather are disconnected from one another as a result of a rotation of the disconnecting means 6. According to the embodiments from FIG. 1a, b, in this case as well, the connection lug 12 was disconnected from the ignition channel 12 by the triggering of the ignition squib 14, as a result of which the disconnecting means 6 can no longer be held in the original position thereof. By means of the rotation shown of the disconnecting means 6 by an angle of approx. 20-25 anticlockwise, the connecting elements 8a, b are disconnected substantially simultaneously from the first and second connectors 2, 4 at the first and second contact points 10a, 10a and the third and fourth contact points 10b, 10b.
(56) With the embodiment shown in FIG. 5a, b, it is not only possible to disconnect, substantially simultaneously, the current path at two different contact points 10a, 10b which are arranged at a distance from one another, but by means of the parallel arrangement of the connecting elements 8a, b it is additionally made possible to disconnect, substantially simultaneously, at two further disconnecting points which are each arranged parallel to the first two disconnecting points. Thus, not only can the induced voltage be divided between two disconnecting points, but the current that flows through the disconnecting points can also additionally be halved. Consequently, the current to be switched is only half as great as in the series arrangement from FIG. 1a, b or 2a, b, which further reduces the probability of electric arcs being formed during the disconnection of a current-carrying line. The parallel arrangement having circular disconnecting means according to FIG. 5a, b can additionally be configured according to the configuration comprising two-part disconnecting means according to FIG. 1c, d, as a result of which the probability of electric arcs being formed during the disconnection of a current-carrying line can be further reduced.
(57) FIG. 6a shows a structure of a disconnecting device for a power line 1 in a parallel arrangement and a rectangular disconnecting means 6 in a closed state. According to this embodiment, a first and a second connector 2, 4 are electrically interconnected by means of two connecting elements 8a, b at a first and second contact point 10a, 10a and a third and fourth contact point 10b, 10b. The connecting elements 8a, b are arranged on the disconnecting means 6.
(58) FIG. 6b shows the arrangement from FIG. 6a in an open state. In this case, the two connectors 2, 4 are now no longer interconnected by means of the connecting elements 8a, b, but rather are disconnected from one another as a result of a translational movement of the disconnecting means 6 substantially perpendicularly to the connection axis of the connectors and the connecting element. In this case as well, the translational movement of the disconnecting means 6 takes place by means of an acceleration of the pin 16 as a result of a triggering of the ignition squib 14. By means of the translational movement shown of the disconnecting means 6, the connecting element is disconnected substantially simultaneously from the first and second connectors 2, 4 at the first and second contact points 10a, 10b and a third and fourth contact points 10b, 10b.
(59) FIG. 7a-c show a disconnecting device for a power line 1 in a parallel arrangement and a two-stage configuration according to a first embodiment.
(60) FIG. 7a shows a closed state in which a first and second connector 2, 4 are electrically interconnected by means of two connecting elements 8a, b at a first and second contact point 10a, 10a and at a third and fourth contact point 10b, 10b. The connecting elements are arranged on a rotatable, circular disconnecting means 6. In addition, the disconnecting device 1 comprises the resistor elements 18a, b which are arranged in a partly circular shape on the disconnecting means 6. In addition to the resistor elements which are arranged in a partly circular shape on the disconnecting means, in this embodiment, the disconnecting device also comprises a third resistor element 18c which is arranged between the two connecting elements 8a, b.
(61) FIG. 7b shows a state between a closed state of the disconnecting device 1 according to FIG. 7a and an open state according to FIG. 7c immediately after the disconnection of the connectors 2, 4 from the connecting elements 8a, b. In this case, the two connectors 2, 4 are now no longer electrically interconnected by means of the connecting elements 8a, b, but rather are now electrically interconnected at least in part by means of the resistor elements 18a, b, c as a result of a rotation of the disconnecting means 6. The rotation of the disconnecting means 6 takes placeas can be seen from FIG. 7bby the triggering of an ignition squib 14 and the related disconnection of the connection lug 12 from the ignition channel 12. As a result of the rotation shown of the disconnecting means 6 by an angle of approx. 10-15 anticlockwise, the connecting elements 8a, b were disconnected from the first and second connectors 2, 4 at the first and second contact points 10a, 10b and at a third and fourth contact point 10b, 10b, wherein an electrical connection is formed between the first and second connectors at least in part by means of the resistor elements 18a, b, c.
(62) FIG. 7c shows the disconnecting device for a power line 1 according to FIG. 7b after a further or the continuation of a rotation by an angle of a further approx. 10-15 in an open state. In this case, the two connectors 2, 4 are now not electrically connected either by means of the connecting elements 8a, b, or at least in part by means of the resistor elements 18a, b, c.
(63) By means of the combination shown in FIG. 7a-c of a series disconnection, a parallel disconnection and a reduction in the current gradient, the probability of electric arcs being formed can be further reduced by comparison with the previous embodiments. The combination of a series and a parallel disconnection according to FIG. 7a-c can also be further developed according to the configuration with two-part disconnecting means according to FIG. 1c, d, by means of which the probability of electric arcs being formed during the disconnection of a current-carrying line can be further reduced.
(64) FIG. 8a-c show a disconnecting device for a power line 1 in a parallel arrangement and a multi-stage disconnection according to a second embodiment.
(65) FIG. 8a shows a closed state in which a first and second connector 2, 4 are electrically connected by means of two connecting elements 8a, b at a first and second contact point 10a, 10a and at a third and fourth contact point 10b, 10b. The connecting elements are arranged on a preferably rectangular disconnecting means 6. In addition, the disconnecting device 1 comprises at least two resistor elements 18a, b which, in addition to the connecting elements 8a, b, are arranged on the disconnecting means 6.
(66) FIG. 8b shows a state between a closed state of the disconnecting device 1 according to FIG. 8a and an open state according to FIG. 8c immediately after the disconnection of the connectors 2, 4 from the connecting elements 8a, b. In this case, the two connectors 2, 4 are now no longer electrically interconnected by means of the connecting elements 8a, b, but rather are now electrically interconnected at least in part by means of the resistor elements 18a, b as a result of a translational movement of the disconnecting means 6. The translational movement of the disconnecting means 6 takes placeas can be seen from FIG. 8bby the triggering of an ignition squib 14 and the related acceleration of a pin 16 away from the ignition channel 12. As a result of the translational movement shown of the disconnecting means 6, the connecting elements 8a, b are disconnected from the first and second connectors 2, 4 at the first and second contact points 10a, 10b and at a third and fourth contact point 10b, 10b, an electrical connection being formed between the first and second connectors at least in part by means of the resistor elements 18a, b.
(67) FIG. 8c shows the disconnecting device for a power line 1 according to FIGS. 8a and b in an open state. In this case, the translational movement of the disconnecting means 6 is further advanced so that the two connectors 2, 4 are now not electrically connected either by means of the connecting elements 8a, b or by means of the resistor elements 18a, b.
(68) Furthermore, FIG. 9a, b show a disconnecting device for a power line 1 for simultaneously disconnecting and producing an electrical connection according to another embodiment.
(69) FIG. 9a shows the disconnecting device 1 in an initial state in which a first electric circuit is closed and a second electric circuit is open. The first electric circuit is shown by way of example in the form of a parallel arrangement having a disconnecting means 6. According to this embodiment, in the first electric circuit, a first and a second connector 2, 4 are electrically interconnected by means of two connecting elements 8a, b at a first and second contact point 10a, 10a and a third and fourth contact point 10b, 10b. In addition to the connecting elements 8a, b, a third connecting element 8c is also arranged on the disconnecting means 6, which element is not electrically connected to either of the two electric circuits. By contrast, the first and second electric circuits are electrically connected by means of a capacitor 20. Furthermore, the disconnecting device 1 comprises a pin 16 which is arranged between a disconnecting means 6 and an ignition channel 12 comprising an ignition squib 14.
(70) FIG. 9b lastly shows the disconnecting device 1 according to FIG. 9a in a final state. In this case, a first electric circuit is now in an open state, and a second electric circuit is in a closed state. Accordingly, the two connectors 2, 4 in the first electric circuit are now no longer interconnected by means of the connecting elements 8a, b, but rather are disconnected from one another as a result of a translational movement of the disconnecting means 6, preferably perpendicularly to the connection axis of the connectors and the connecting elements 8a, b. In this case as well, the translational movement of the disconnecting means 6 takes place by means of an acceleration of the pin 16 as a result of a triggering of the ignition squib 14. By means of the translational movement shown of the disconnecting means 6, the connecting elements 8a, b are disconnected substantially simultaneously from the first and second connectors 2, 4 at the first and second contact points 10a, 10b and a third and fourth contact point 10b, 10b.
(71) In addition, to disconnect the connecting elements from the first and second connectors in the first electric circuit, the third connecting element 8c is shifted by the movement in such a way that it produces an electrical connection between the second connector and the second electric circuit at substantially the same time. Thus, according to the final stateas can be seen from FIG. 9bthe first electric circuit is in an open state, and the second electric circuit is in a closed state.
(72) By means of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9a and b, it can be possible for example, in addition to disconnecting a current-carrying line, to also safely discharge the electrical energy stored in an intermediate electric circuit in order to prevent people being at risk as a result of high voltage. Intermediate electric circuits operated under high voltage are frequently used in high-voltage applications such as electric or hybrid vehicles.
(73) It is understood that a disconnecting device for a power line 1 for simultaneously disconnecting and producing an electrical connection can likewise be formed by means of a combination of a second electric current with any other embodiment of one of the disconnecting devices presented here, provided that, in an initial state, one of the two electric circuits is closed, whereas the other electric circuit is open, and in a subsequent final state, the previously open electric circuit is closed, whereas the previously closed electric circuit is now in an open state.
