Environmentally friendly near-azeotropic mixed refrigerant

Abstract

Disclosed is an environmentally friendly near-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, consisting essentially of HFO-1234 yf, HFE-143a and a third component, with the mass percentage of each component being: 70%-98% of HFO-1234yf, 1%-15% of HFE-143a and 1%-15% of the third component. The refrigerant of the present invention is environmentally friendly, excellent in thermodynamic properties, can directly realize drop-in substitution in an original system using HFC-134a without changing any parts, and can be used as a long term alternative to HFC-134a.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly near-azeotropic mixed refrigerant essentially comprises HFO-1234yf, HFE-143a and a third component, wherein the third component is HFE-170, and their mass percentages of all components are as follows: HFO-1234yf: 70%-98%; HFE-143a: 1%-15%; The third component: 1%-15%.

2. The environmentally friendly near-azeotropic mixed refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentages of various components are as follows: HFO-1234yf: 75%-94%; HFE-143a: 5%-15%; The third component: 1%-10%.

3. The environmentally friendly near-azeotropic mixed refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentages of various components are as follows: HFO-1234yf: 85%-94%; HFE-143a: 5%-10%; The third component: 1%-5%.

4. The environmentally friendly near-azeotropic mixed refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the temperature glide of the refrigerant is less than 1° C.

5. The environmentally friendly near-azeotropic mixed refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the GWP value of the refrigerant is less than 150.

6. The environmentally friendly near-azeotropic mixed refrigerant according to claim 5, wherein the refrigerant is used as an alternative of HFC-134a in the automotive air conditioning.

7. The environmentally friendly near-azeotropic mixed refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant is used as an alternative of HFC-134a.

8. The environmentally friendly near-azeotropic mixed refrigerant according to claim 7, wherein the automotive air conditioning system need not change any part and the mixed refrigerant can be directly filled as an alternative of HFC-134a.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

(1) In the present invention, the refrigerant is prepared through physically mixing of 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), trifluoro methyl ether (CF.sub.3OCH.sub.3, HFE-143a) and one, two or three or more from fluoroethane (HFC-161), 1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a), difluoromethane (HFC-32), dimethyl ether (CH.sub.3OCH.sub.3, HFE-170), propane (HC-290), cyclopropane (C270) according to appropriate mixing ratios under the liquid state.

(2) The said 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf) has a molecular formula CH.sub.2CFCF.sub.3, with a molecular weight of 114.04, standard boiling point of −29.35° C., critical temperature of 94.7° C., critical pressure of 3. 38 MPa, and GWP value of 4. The said trifluoro methyl ether (CF.sub.3OCH.sub.3, HFE-143a) has a molecular formula CF.sub.3OCH.sub.3, with a molecular weight of 100.04, standard boiling point of −24.0° C., critical temperature of 104.8° C., critical pressure of 3.59 MPa, and GWP value of 750. The said fluoroethane (HFC-161) has a molecular formula CH.sub.3CH.sub.2F, with a molecular weight of 48.06, standard boiling point of −37.1° C., critical temperature of 102. 2° C., critical pressure of 4. 7 Mpa, and GWP value of 12.

(3) The said difluoromethane (HFC-32) has a molecular formula CH.sub.2F.sub.2, with a molecular weight 52.02, standard boiling point of −51. 7° C., critical temperature of 78.2° C., critical pressure of 5.78 MPa, and GWP value of 675.

(4) The said 1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) has a molecular formula CH.sub.2FCF.sub.3, with a molecular weight of 102.03, standard boiling point of −26.1° C., critical temperature of 101. 1° C., critical pressure of 4.06 MPa, and GWP value of 1430. The said dimethyl ether (HFE-170) has a molecular formula CH.sub.3OCH.sub.3, with a molecular weight of 46.07, standard boiling point of −24. 8° C., critical temperature of 127. 2° C., critical pressure of 5. 34 MPa, and GWP value of about 1. The said propane (HC-290) has a molecular formula CH.sub.3CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, with a molecular weight of 44.10, standard boiling point of −42.1° C., critical temperature of 96.7° C., critical pressure of 4.25 MPa and GWP value of about 20.

(5) The said cyclopropane (C-270) has a molecular formula CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2, with a molecular weight of 42.08, standard boiling point of −31.5° C., critical temperature of 125. 2° C., critical pressure of 5.58 MPa, and GWP value of about 20.

(6) The following examples are illustrative of several embodiments of the present invention, but the invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Technicians skilled in the art should be aware that the present invention encompasses all options, modifications and equivalents as specified in the claims.

Example 1

(7) Physically mix HFO-1234yf, HFE-143a and C270 in the liquid phase according to a ratio of 70:15:15 (by mass percentage).

Example 2

(8) Physically mix HFO-1234yf, HFE-143a and E170 in the liquid phase according to a ratio of 75:15:10 (by mass percentage).

Example 3

(9) Physically mix HFO-1234yf, HFE-143a and R134a in the liquid phase according to a ratio of 80:10:5 (by mass percentage).

Example 4

(10) Physically mix HFO-1234yf, HFE-143a and R290 in the liquid phase according to a ratio of 90:5:5 (by mass percentage).

Example 5

(11) Physically mix HFO-1234yf, HFE-143a and R161 in the liquid phase according to a ratio of 94:1:5 (by mass percentage).

Example 6

(12) Physically mix HFO-1234yf, HFE-143a and R32 in the liquid phase according to a ratio of 98:1:1 (by mass percentage).

(13) The features and effects of the invention are described by comparing the performance of above embodiment with HFC-134a.

(14) 1. Environmental Performance

(15) The environmental performance of above embodiment is compared with that of HFC-134a, as shown in table 1. For the ODP value, the value of CFC-11 is used as the reference value 1. 0, for the GWP value, the value of CO.sub.2 is used as the reference value 1. 0 (100 years).

(16) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Environmental performance Working medium ODP GWP Example 1 0 120 Example 2 0 115 Example 3 0 150 Example 4 0 40 Example 5 0 15 Example 6 0 20 HFC-134a 0 1430

(17) As shown from above table 1, the ODP value of the above embodiments is zero and the value of global warming potential (GWP) is 15˜150, all less than that of HFC-134a and in line with EU MAC Directive (GWP value: no greater than 150). Its impact on the environment is much less than HFC-134a, and the environmental performance is excellent, and it can be used as a long term alternative of HFC-134a.

(18) 2. Temperature Glide

(19) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Temperature glide table Bubble point Dew point Temperature Working medium temperature (° C.) temperature (° C.) glide Example 1 −31.30 −31.04 0.26 Example 2 −29.79 −29.71 0.08 Example 3 −30.53 −30.46 0.07 Example 4 −31.91 −31.08 0.83 Example 5 −31.65 −30.84 0.81 Example 6 −32.28 −30.03 2.25

(20) As shown from above table, except for the Example 6, the temperature glide is less than 1° C., showing it is near-azeotropic mixture, facilitating the stable operation of the system.

(21) 3. Thermal Parameters and Thermodynamic Properties Under the automotive air conditioning conditions (ie, evaporation temperature=−1.0° C., condensing temperature=62. 0° C., intake air temperature=9° C., supercooled temperature=57° C.), the thermal parameters (i.e. evaporation pressure P.sub.0, condensing pressure P.sub.k, pressure ratio P.sub.k/P.sub.0, exhaust temperature t.sub.2) and relative heat capacity (i.e. relative COP, the relative heat capacity per unit mass q.sub.0, relative heating capacity per unit volume q.sub.v, and relative power consumption per unit volume w.sub.v) of above embodiments and HFC-134a are shown in table 3.

(22) The above relative thermodynamic property refers to the ratio of thermodynamic property of various embodiments to that of HFC-134a, and the relative density refers to the relative density of the liquid at 25° C.

(23) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Comparison of thermal parameters and thermodynamic properties Parameters P.sub.0 P.sub.k t.sub.2 Relative Relative Relative Relative Unit MPa MPa P.sub.k/P.sub.0/ ° C. COP/ q.sub.0/ q.sub.k/ density/ Example 1 0.3251 1.7896 5.50 75.3 1.07 1.12 1.07 0.82 Example 2 0.3101 1.7530 5.56 73.1 1.05 1.02 1.01 0.86 Example 3 0.3194 1.7992 5.63 70.2 1.01 0.81 1.02 0.90 Example 4 0.3277 1.8037 5.50 69.4 1.01 0.83 1.04 0.85 Example 5 0.3264 1.8121 5.55 69.4 1.01 0.80 1.04 0.88 Example 6 0.3230 1.7844 5.52 67.9 1.01 0.74 1.01 0.90 HFC-134a 0.2823 1.7628 6.24 77.4 1 1 1 1

(24) As shown from table 3, under the automotive air conditioning conditions, the condensing pressure of above embodiment is equivalent to that of HFC-134a, but the pressure ratio and exhaust temperature are lower than those of HFC-134a, which can be directly filled in the original system using HFC-134a. The density of above embodiment is lower than that of HFC-134a, which can reduce the filing amount of working medium. The volumetric cooling capacity of above embodiment is higher than that of HFC-134a, having the energy-saving effect.