Steering actuator

Abstract

A steering actuator for rear axle steering of a motor vehicle has a spindle drive (5) which comprises pushrods (9) which are connected to a threaded spindle (16) and which are mounted in a housing (6) by means of plain bearings (18), allowing the passage of air, and are connected at each end thereof to an attachment element (12) provided for coupling to a chassis suspension arm, wherein a gaiter (19, 20) is connected on the one side to the housing (6) and on the other side to one of the attachment elements (12) in each case. Each plain bearing (18) is designed as a bearing allowing one revolution of the threaded spindle (16), wherein at least one longitudinal groove (21) abuts one guide bush (23) of the plain bearing (18).

Claims

1. A steering actuator for rear axle steering of a motor vehicle, having a spindle drive which comprises pushrods which are connected to a threaded spindle and which are mounted in a housing by means of plain bearings, allowing passage of air, and are connected at ends thereof to an attachment element provided for coupling to a chassis suspension arm, a gaiter being connected on one side to the housing and on another side to one of the attachment elements in each case, wherein at least one of the plain bearings allows one revolution of the threaded spindle, and wherein at least one longitudinal groove abuts a guide bush of the at least one of the plain bearings.

2. The steering actuator according to claim 1, wherein the at least one longitudinal groove is arranged on an outer circumferential surface of the guide bush, the at least one longitudinal groove extending continuously from a first axial end of the guide bush to a second axial end of the guide bush.

3. The steering actuator according to claim 2, wherein the outer circumferential surface forms a press fit with the housing.

4. The steering actuator according to claim 3, wherein a second one of the at least one longitudinal groove extends across another one of the at least one of the respective plain bearings.

5. The steering actuator according to claim 1, wherein press fit between the guide bush and the housing is interrupted by the at least one longitudinal groove.

6. The steering actuator according to claim 5, wherein the at least one longitudinal groove extends in a longitudinal direction beyond the guide bush.

7. The steering actuator according to claim 1, wherein the at least one longitudinal groove comprises between three and twelve longitudinal grooves distributed over the circumference of the at least one of the plain bearings.

8. The steering actuator according to claim 7, wherein the at least one longitudinal groove extends over a total angle of at least 30? and at most 150?.

9. The steering actuator according to claim 1, wherein the at least one longitudinal groove has a curved profile.

10. The steering actuator according to claim 1, wherein the at least one longitudinal groove is rectangular in profile.

11. The steering actuator according to claim 1, wherein a depth of each groove of the at least one longitudinal groove in a radial direction of the threaded spindle is less than a width of each groove of the at least one longitudinal groove in a circumferential direction of each groove of the at least one longitudinal groove.

12. The steering actuator according to claim 1, wherein the gaiter has a pressure compensation element.

13. The steering actuator according to claim 1, wherein the guide bush does not have longitudinally extending grooves on either of an inner circumferential surface or an outer circumferential surface.

14. The steering actuator according to claim 1, wherein the at least one longitudinal groove is arranged on an outer circumferential surface of the guide bush, and the outer circumferential surface is press-fit to the housing.

15. The steering actuator according to claim 1, wherein the guide bush is fixed to the housing via a press fit.

16. A steering actuator comprising: a housing; two pushrods connected to a threaded spindle and supported by with respect to the housing by respective plain bearings for axial movement within the housing; two forks each connected to a respective pushrod for axial movement therewith; and two gaiters, each connected to a respective fork and to the housing to define two respective interior spaces which each vary in volume in response to axial movement of the threaded spindle and the pushrods; and an inner surface of the housing comprises at least one longitudinal groove configured to permit air to move past at least one of two respective plain bearings.

17. The steering actuator according to claim 16, wherein a sum of the volumes of the two respective interior spaces does not vary in response to axial movement of the threaded spindle and the pushrods.

18. The steering actuator according to claim 16, wherein the at least one of the respective plain bearings has continuously smooth and uninterrupted inner and outer circumferential surfaces.

19. The steering actuator according to claim 16, wherein a first one of the at least one longitudinal groove extends across the at least one of the respective plain bearings.

20. A Steering actuator comprising, a housing; two pushrods connected to a threaded spindle and supported by with respect to the housing by respective plain bearings for axial movement within the housing, two forks each connected to a respective pushrod for axial movement therewith; and two gaiters, each connected to a respective fork and to the housing to define two respective interior spaces which each vary in volume in response to axial movement of the threaded spindle and the pushrods, and at least one of the two gaiters has a pressure compensation element.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) In the following, several exemplary embodiments are explained in more detail by means of a drawing. In the figures:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of rear axle steering of a motor vehicle in an overview representation,

(3) FIG. 2 shows a detail of further rear axle steering in a sectional view,

(4) FIG. 3 shows a housing of the rear axle steering according to FIG. 1 in a perspective view,

(5) FIG. 4 shows the housing according to FIG. 3 in an end view,

(6) FIG. 5 shows a gaiter for rear axle steering,

(7) FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of a plain bearing component for rear axle steering.

(8) FIG. 7 shows an end view of an example embodiment of a plain bearing component for rear axle steering.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(9) Unless otherwise stated, the following explanations relate to all exemplary embodiments. Parts that correspond to each other or have basically the same effect are marked with the same reference symbols in all figures.

(10) Rear axle steering, identified as a whole by the reference numeral 1, is intended for installation in a chassis of a motor vehicle, which is not shown in any further detail. The rear axle steering 1 comprises a steering actuator 2, which is also referred to for short as an actuator and has an electric motor 3 and two transmissions 4, 5 connected in series. The transmission 4 converts the rotation of the shaft of the electric motor 3 into a rotation of a further element within the actuator 2. In the present cases, the transmission 4, i.e., rotary-rotary transmission, is a continuously variable transmission in the form of a belt drive. The transmission 5 connected downstream of the rotary-rotary transmission 4 is designed as a rotary-linear transmission, namely a screw drive. In the exemplary embodiments, a ball screw drive is used as the spindle drive as the rotary-linear transmission 5.

(11) On the output side of the spindle drive 5 there is a pushrod 9 which is only partially visible in FIG. 2 and which in all the exemplary embodiments is displaceably mounted in a guide section 8. The guide section 8 is part of a housing 6 of the rear axle steering 1. The housing 6 is to be connected to a vehicle body. Fastening contours of the housing 6 provided for this purpose are denoted by 7 in FIG. 1.

(12) The pushrod 9, which in typical applications is suitable both for the transmission of tensile forces and for the transmission of compressive forces, is firmly connected to a fork 12 by means of a screw 10. The fork 12 is generally also referred to as an attachment element and is used for the articulated connection to a chassis suspension arm (not shown). A bolt (also not shown) can be pushed through openings 13 in fork 12.

(13) Each pushrod 9 is fixedly connected to a threaded spindle 16, only indicated in FIG. 1, or made in one piece therewith. A rotation of the threaded spindle 16 in the housing 6 is prevented by a rotational lock 17, which is located inside the housing 6.

(14) Overall, the fork 12 has a shape that tapers towards the pushrod 9. In this case, an annular section 14 is pushed onto the pushrod 9, wherein rotational lock contours that are not shown and which are not identical to the aforementioned rotational lock 17 can be designed on the annular section 14 and on the pushrod 9. A radially inwardly directed flange 15 of the fork 12 abuts the annular section 14 and rests on the front side of the pushrod 9. The head, denoted by 11, of the screw 10 which is screwed into the pushrod 9, rests on the second end face of the flange 15.

(15) The pushrod 9 is mounted at the end of the guide section 8 by means of a plain bearing 18. A gaiter 19, 20 bridges the variable distance between the fork 12 and the housing 6. An interior space IR of variable size is enclosed by each gaiter 19, 20. The total volume of both interior spaces IR is constant. To allow the flow of air between the two interior spaces IR, channels 21 in the form of longitudinal grooves are integrated into each plain bearing 18.

(16) In the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2, as in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 6 and 7, a wall surface designated by 22 is interrupted by the longitudinal grooves 21. In the case of FIG. 6, the wall surface 22 is a sliding surface of a guide bush 23. In the case of FIG. 7, the wall surface 22 is an outer circumferential surface of a guide bush 23. In contrast, in the case of FIG. 1 and in the case of FIG. 2, the wall surface 22 is provided by the housing 6, wherein the guide bush 23 is received in the wall surface 22 by a press fit.

(17) In all of the exemplary embodiments, four longitudinal grooves 21 are uniformly distributed, i.e., at 90-degree intervals, on the circumference of the wall surface 22, in particular the sliding surface. The longitudinal grooves 21 running in the longitudinal direction of the spindle drive 5 protrude beyond the guide bush 23 on both end faces to allow an unimpeded passage of air between the interior spaces IR in the gaiters 19, 20 and the non-variable interior space within the housing 6. In the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 6 and 7, each one of the longitudinal grooves 21 extend continuously from a first axial end 25 to a second axial end 26 so that air can pass through the respective guide bushes 23, 23.

(18) The exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, like the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, differs from the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7 in that the longitudinal grooves 21 are designed on the outer circumferential surface of the guide bush 23 by being molded into an inner circumferential surface of the housing 6. In this case, the guide bush 23 has continuously smooth, uninterrupted inner and outer circumferential surfaces with a circular-cylindrical cross-section.

(19) In the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the longitudinal grooves 21 each describe a curved profile. Here, as can be seen in detail from FIGS. 3 and 4, there is a concave curvature of the surface, i.e., of the press fit for the guide bush 23 (not shown here).

(20) In contrast thereto, the longitudinal grooves 21 in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 6 and 7 describe an angular, approximately rectangular profile. In both cases, the guide bush 23 does not provide any guidance function with respect to the pushrod 9 in the circumferential direction. This means that the pushrod 9 is freely rotatable within the guide bush 23 and is only prevented from a rotation by the rotational lock 17. When assembling the steering actuator 2, the angular relationship between the guide bush 23 and the pushrod 9 is therefore irrelevant.

(21) FIG. 5 shows a further developed gaiter 19, which can be combined with each of the embodiments of the steering actuator 2 explained above. The gaiter 19 according to FIG. 5 comprises a pressure compensation element 24, which allows air to be introduced directly into the interior space IR or air to be discharged from the interior space IR. The function of longitudinal grooves 21 can be replaced or supplemented by the pressure compensation element 24.

LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS

(22) 1 Rear axle steering 2 Steering actuator 3 Electric motor 4 Continuously variable transmission, rotary-rotary transmission 5 Spindle drive, rotary-linear transmission 6 Housing 7 Fixing contour 8 Guide section 9 Pushrod 10 Screw 11 Head 12 Fork, attachment element 13 Opening 14 Annular section 15 Flange 16 Threaded spindle 17 Rotational lock 18 Plain bearing 19 Gaiter 20 Gaiter 21 Channel, longitudinal groove 22 Wall surface, sliding surface, press fit 23 Guide bush 23 Guide bush 24 Pressure compensation element 25 First axial end 26 Second axial end IR Interior space