Pretreatment method for producing lycopene raw material

Abstract

A pretreatment method for producing a raw material of lycopene, comprising: uniformly mixing tomato peel residue with a fermenting agent, an antioxidant and an enzyme preparation, and subjecting the resultant to light-proof anaerobic fermentation. The present invention employs bacteria-enzyme-combined fermentation technology, which prolongs the storage period of wet tomato peel residue, and also destroys the cell wall of tomato peels, thus facilitating exaction of lycopene and improving the purity of lycopene extracted in the later stage.

Claims

1. A pretreatment method for tomato peel residue, comprising the following steps: uniformly mixing tomato peel residue with a fermenting agent, an antioxidant, and an enzyme preparation, and subjecting the resultant to light-proof anaerobic fermentation, wherein the fermenting agent is a mixture of Lactobacillus and Bacillus subtilis with a ratio of the number of effective viable bacteria of (2-4):1; a total number of effective viable bacteria in the fermenting agent is 1×10.sup.10 cfu/g or more, and the additive amount of the fermenting agent is 10 to 20 g/t tomato peel residue; the enzyme preparation is a mixture of at least cellulase and pectinase; and a water content of the tomato peel residue is 45% to 65%.

2. The pretreatment method according to claim 1, wherein the enzyme preparation is a mixture of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase; the total usage amount of the enzyme preparation is 0.5% to 2% of the weight of tomato peel residue.

3. The pretreatment method according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is selected from one or a mixture of sodium ascorbate, tea polyphenols, and vitamin E, the additive amount of the antioxidant is 1‰ to 5‰ of the weight of tomato peel residue.

4. The pretreatment method according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation temperature is 25° C. to 35° C. and the fermentation time is 5 to 10 days.

5. The pretreatment method according to claim 1, wherein the water content of the tomato peel residue is 55% to 65%.

6. The pretreatment method according to claim 1, comprising the following specific steps: (1) squeezing and dehydrating the tomato peel residue; (2) adding the fermenting agent, the antioxidant and the enzyme preparation to the dehydrated tomato peel residue, mixing homogenously, and subjecting the resultant to light-proof anaerobic fermentation; (3) drying the product of fermentation to obtain dried tomato peel residue; (4) separating the peel and the seeds in the dried tomato peel residue to obtain dried tomato peel; (5) crushing the dried tomato peel; (6) mixing the crushed dried tomato peel with an antioxidant, and granulizing to obtain tomato peel granules as the raw material for producing lycopene.

7. The pretreatment method according to claim 1, wherein the enzyme preparation mixture further contains hemicellulase; the weight ratio of the additive amount of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase is (2-4):(2-4):1; the total usage amount of the enzyme preparation is 0.5‰ to 2‰ of the weight of tomato peel residue.

8. The pretreatment method according to claim 2, wherein the antioxidant is selected from one or a mixture of sodium ascorbate, tea polyphenols, and vitamin E, the additive amount of the antioxidant is 1‰ to 5‰ of the weight of tomato peel residue.

9. The pretreatment method according to claim 2, wherein the fermentation temperature is 25° C. to 35° C. and the fermentation time is 5 to 10 days.

10. The pretreatment method according to claim 3, wherein the fermentation temperature is 25° C. to 35° C. and the fermentation time is 5 to 10 days.

11. The pretreatment method according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the additive amount of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase is (2-4):(2-4):1.

Description

SPECIFIC MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE EMBODIMENTS

(1) The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail in combination with figures and Examples. The following Examples are intended to illustrate the present invention, but not intended to limit to the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

(2) The present Example provides a pretreatment method for producing a raw material of lycopene, specifically comprising the following steps:

(3) (1) 20 tons of tomato peel residue was squeezed and dehydrated to a water content of 55%;

(4) (2) A composite fermenting agent (in the fermenting agent, the number of effective viable bacteria of Lactobacillus was 1×10.sup.10 cfu/g, and the number of effective viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis was 5×10.sup.9 cfu/g) was added in an amount of 10 g/t of tomato peel residue to the dehydrated tomato peel residue, a mixed enzyme preparation (in the enzyme preparation, the additive amount of cellulase was 0.2‰, the additive amount of hemicellulase was 0.2‰, and the additive amount of pectinase was 0.1‰) was added in an amount of 0.5‰ of the weight of the peel residue, and a mixture of antioxidants (composed of sodium ascorbate, tea polyphenols, and VE in a weight ratio of 1:1:1) was added in an amount of 1‰ of the weight of the peel residue. After mixing homogenously, the resultant was subpackaged and subjected to anaerobic fermentation in dark at 25° C. for 5 days.

(5) (3) The product obtained in step (2) was dried to obtain dried tomato peel residue.

(6) (4) The peel and the seeds in the dried tomato peel residue were separated to obtain dried tomato peel.

(7) (5) The dried tomato peel was crushed.

(8) (6) The crushed dried tomato peel was added with the mixture of antioxidants used in step (2) in an amount of 0.3‰, the resultant was granulized to obtain tomato peel granules as a raw material for producing lycopene.

Example 2

(9) The present Example provides a pretreatment method for producing a raw material of lycopene, specifically comprising the following steps:

(10) (1) 40 tons of tomato peel residue was squeezed and dehydrated to a water content of 60%.

(11) (2) A composite fermenting agent (in the fermenting agent, the number of effective viable bacteria of Lactobacillus was 3×10.sup.10 cfu/g, and the number of effective viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis was 1×10.sup.10 cfu/g) was added in an amount of 15 g/t of tomato peel residue with the dehydrated tomato peel residue, a mixed enzyme preparation (in the enzyme preparation, the additive amount of cellulase was 0.6‰, the additive amount of hemicellulase was 0.4‰, and the additive amount of pectinase was 0.2‰) was added in an amount of 1.2‰ of the weight of the peel residue, and tea polyphenol as an antioxidant was added in an amount of 3‰ of the weight of the peel residue. After mixing homogenously, the resultant was subpackaged and subjected to anaerobic fermentation in the dark at 30° C. for 7 days.

(12) (3) The product obtained in step (2) was dried to obtain dried tomato peel residue.

(13) (4) The peel and the seeds in the dried tomato peel residue were separated to obtain dried tomato peel.

(14) (5) The dried tomato peel was crushed.

(15) (6) The crushed dried tomato peel was added with the mixture of antioxidants used in step (2) in an amount of 0.7‰, the resultant was granulized to obtain tomato peel granules as a raw material for producing lycopene.

Example 3

(16) The present Example provides a pretreatment method for producing a raw material of lycopene, specifically comprising the following steps:

(17) (1) 20 tons of tomato peel residue was squeezed and dehydrated to a water content of 65%.

(18) (2) A composite fermenting agent (in the fermenting agent, the number of effective viable bacteria of Lactobacillus was 4×10.sup.10 cfu/g, and the number of effective viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis was 1×10.sup.10 cfu/g) was mixed in an amount of 20 g/t of tomato peel residue with the dehydrated tomato peel residue, a mixed enzyme preparation (in the enzyme preparation, the additive amount of cellulase was 0.8‰, the additive amount of hemicellulase was 0.8‰, and the additive amount of pectinase was 0.2‰) was added in an amount of 1.8‰ of the weight of the peel residue, and a mixture of antioxidants (the composition of the antioxidants was the same as that in Example 1) was added in an amount of 5‰ of the weight of the peel residue. After mixing homogenously, the resultant was subpackaged and subjected to anaerobic fermentation in the dark at 35° C. for 10 days.

(19) (3) The product obtained in step (2) was dried to obtain dried tomato peel residue.

(20) (4) The peel and the seeds in the dried tomato peel residue were separated to obtain dried tomato peel.

(21) (5) The dried tomato peel was crushed.

(22) (6) The crushed dried tomato peel was added with the mixture of antioxidants used in step (2) in an amount of 1‰, the resultant was granulized to obtain tomato peel granules as a raw material for producing lycopene.

Example 4

(23) The present Example provides a pretreatment method for producing a raw material of lycopene, which is the same as that of Example 3 except that the fermenting agent was formed by mixing Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces.

Example 5

(24) The present Example provides a pretreatment method for producing a raw material of lycopene, which is the same as that of Example 3 except that the enzyme preparation did not contain hemicellulase, that is, the enzyme preparation was a mixture of cellulase and pectinase with the same enzyme activity as in Example 3.

Comparative Example 1

(25) A pretreatment method for producing a raw material of lycopene was the same as that of Example 3 except that no enzyme preparation was used in step (2).

Comparative Example 2

(26) A pretreatment method for producing a raw material of lycopene was the same as that of Example 3 except that no fermenting agent was used in step (2).

Experimental Example 1

(27) A raw material obtained by the pretreatment methods provided in the Examples and Comparative Examples were allowed to stand under the condition of a temperature of 35° C. and a humidity of 50% for 2 days, and the detection results of the content of aflatoxin were shown in Table 1.

(28) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 the content of aflatoxin in a raw material Content of aflatoxin (ppb) Example 1 not detected Example 2 8 Example 3 5 Example 4 120 Comparative Example 2 500

(29) It can be seen from the results in Table 1 that a raw material obtained by the pretreatment method provided in the present invention in which fermentation with mixed Lactobacillus and Bacillus subtilis is used have stable properties, and they are not prone to be rotten and spoiled, and suitable for large-scale industrial production. A raw material obtained by the pretreatment methods described in Examples 1 to 3 have the best properties.

Experimental Example 2

(30) A raw material obtained by the pretreatment methods provided in the Examples and Comparative Examples were used to produce lycopene. The production method specifically includes the following steps: the tomato peel residue granules were extracted with acetone 3 times of the volume of the tomato peel residue granules at 40° C. for three times, and the solvent was recovered to obtain lycopene oleoresin.

(31) After calculation, the yield and purity of the lycopene obtained from a raw material provided in the Examples and Comparative Examples were shown in Table 2.

(32) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 yields and color values of lycopene Yield (%) Color value (%) Example 1 85 150 Example 2 89 138 Example 3 92 162 Example 4 74 85 Example 5 69 69 Comparative Example 1 67 75 Comparative Example 2 61 58

(33) It can be seen from the results in Table 2 that a raw material obtained by the pretreatment method provided in the present invention could produce lycopene in high yield, and the resulting lycopene has low content of impurities and high purity. The lycopene produced from a raw material provided by the pretreatment methods described in Examples 1 to 3 has the best quality.

(34) The above contents are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made according to the spirit and principle of the present invention should be regarded as within the protection scope of the invention.