HALF-TIMBERED HOUSE IN TIMBER-FRAME CONSTRUCTION

Abstract

A half-timbered house having a multi-shell wall structure including a rafter roof having a plurality of rafters and side walls, which in turn each comprise at least one sill resting on a substrate and a plurality of posts. The multi-shell wall structure has two structural frameworks, wherein the first structural framework faces the interior and the second structural framework faces the surroundings.

Claims

1. Half-timbered house of timber-frame construction having a multi-shell wall structure, comprising: a rafter roof having a plurality of rafters; and walls, which each comprise: at least one sill resting on a substrate; and a plurality of posts extending vertically from the sill to the rafter roof; wherein for at least one wall part, a first number of posts are designed as inner posts and a second number of posts are designed as outer posts, wherein the inner posts are arranged offset from the outer posts in a wall orthogonal direction relative to a respective wall and are positioned in this case closer in the wall orthogonal direction to an interior enclosed by the walls than the outer posts; for at least one roof side, a first number of rafters are designed as lower rafters and a second number of rafters are designed as upper rafters, wherein the lower rafters are arranged offset from the upper rafters in a roof orthogonal direction to a respective roof side and are positioned in this case closer to the interior in the roof orthogonal direction than the upper rafters; a respective lower rafter is supported with a section directly on an inner post and a respective upper rafter is supported with a section directly on an outer post, so that the respective pairings of lower rafters with inner posts form a first structural framework and the respective pairings of upper rafters with outer posts form a second structural framework, wherein the multi-shell wall structure comprises exactly two structural frameworks, wherein the first structural framework faces the interior and the second structural framework faces the surroundings; and the respective pairings of lower rafters with inner posts with the respective pairings of upper rafters with outer posts in a wall plane, as viewed in a horizontal direction, have a lateral offset relative to one another, so that at no point, as viewed in the wall orthogonal direction, the posts of all structural frameworks and the rafters of all structural frameworks are aligned relative to one another.

2. Half-timbered house according to claim 1, wherein an area extending horizontally in a wall plane between two adjacent upper rafters is filled with an insulating material, wherein the insulating material extends vertically at least as far as the contact surface of the upper rafters on the outer posts.

3. Half-timbered house according to claim 2, wherein the insulating material is formed by at least one insulating block in which recesses are made for the passage of posts, rafters and/or spanning members.

4. Half-timbered house according to claim 1, wherein the lower rafters have a larger area moment of inertia about an axis lying in a cross-section of a lower rafter and extending horizontally than the upper rafters.

5. Half-timbered house according to claim 4, wherein the lower rafters have a rectangular cross-section, wherein the long side of the cross-section is oriented vertically.

6. Half-timbered house according to claim 1, wherein as viewed into the wall plane, the pairings of lower rafter with inner post and upper rafter with outer post alternate.

7. Half-timbered house according to claim 1, wherein the house has a ground plan deviating from the rectangular shape, in particular a circular or oval ground plan.

8. Half-timbered house according to claim 2, wherein the lower rafters have a larger area moment of inertia about an axis lying in a cross-section of a lower rafter and extending horizontally than the upper rafters.

9. Half-timbered house according to one of claim 3, wherein the lower rafters have a larger area moment of inertia about an axis lying in a cross-section of a lower rafter and extending horizontally than the upper rafters.

10. Half-timbered house according to claim 2, wherein as viewed into the wall plane, the pairings of lower rafter with inner post and upper rafter with outer post alternate.

11. Half-timbered house according to claim 3, wherein as viewed into the wall plane, the pairings of lower rafter with inner post and upper rafter with outer post alternate.

12. Half-timbered house according to claim 4, wherein as viewed into the wall plane, the pairings of lower rafter with inner post and upper rafter with outer post alternate.

13. Half-timbered house according to claim 5, wherein as viewed into the wall plane, the pairings of lower rafter with inner post and upper rafter with outer post alternate.

14. Half-timbered house according to claim 2, wherein the house has a ground plan deviating from the rectangular shape, in particular a circular or oval ground plan.

15. Half-timbered house according to claim 3, wherein the house has a ground plan deviating from the rectangular shape, in particular a circular or oval ground plan.

16. Half-timbered house according to claim 4, wherein the house has a ground plan deviating from the rectangular shape, in particular a circular or oval ground plan.

17. Half-timbered house according to claim 5, wherein the house has a ground plan deviating from the rectangular shape, in particular a circular or oval ground plan.

18. Half-timbered house according to claim 6, wherein the house has a ground plan deviating from the rectangular shape, in particular a circular or oval ground plan.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Further advantageous designs of the half-timbered house according to the disclosure also result from the exemplary embodiments, which are described in more detail below with reference to the figures, wherein:

[0027] FIG. 1 shows a frontal view of the framework of a half-timbered house according to the disclosure;

[0028] FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the framework of the half-timbered house according to the disclosure;

[0029] FIG. 3 shows a detailed perspective view of an area between two adjacent upper rafters prior to installation of an insulation block;

[0030] FIG. 4 shows the detailed perspective view from FIG. 3 after installation of the insulation block and before installation of a further upper rafter;

[0031] FIG. 5 shows the detailed perspective view from FIG. 4 after installation of the upper rafter; and

[0032] FIG. 6 shows a schematic perspective view of a half-timbered house according to the disclosure with a circular ground plan.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] FIG. 1 shows a frontal view of a framework 1.1 of a half-timbered house 1 according to the disclosure. The half-timbered house 1 comprises a rafter roof 2 having a left and a right roof side 2R, 2L. The rafter roof 2 in turn comprises lower rafters 8.U and upper rafters 8.O arranged offset to each other in a roof orthogonal direction DOR extending orthogonally to a respective roof side 2R, 2L. In this case, the lower rafters 8.U face an interior 7 of the half-timbered house 1 and the upper rafters 8.O face the exterior of the half-timbered house 1.

[0034] Further, the half-timbered house 1 comprises four side walls 3, a respective side wall 3 having a plurality of posts extending from a sill 5 resting on a substrate 4 to the rafter roof 2. The sill 5 may also be supported on the substrate 4 by a foundation. In this case, the posts of at least one side wall 3, in the shown exemplary embodiments of two opposing side walls 3 of the half-timbered house 1, are arranged offset from one another in a wall orthogonal direction WOR extending orthogonally to a side wall plane SE. The side walls 3 enclose the interior 7, with the outer posts 6.A facing the outside of the half-timbered house 1 and inner posts 6.I facing the interior 7.

[0035] In this case, a respective lower rafter 8.U is supported with a section directly on an inner post 6.I and a respective upper rafter 8.O is supported with a section directly on an outer post 6.A. Accordingly, the number of lower rafters 8.U is equal to the number of inner posts 6.I and the number of upper rafters 8.O is equal to the number of outer posts 6.A. The respective rafters may simply rest on the respective posts or may also be firmly connected thereto. Directly in this context means that there is no other (wooden) beam between a respective rafter and post. However, there may, for example, be fasteners such as connecting plates, nails, washers, angles or the like between them.

[0036] FIG. 2 shows the pairing of lower rafter 8.U with inner posts 6.I and upper rafter 8.O with outer posts 6.A in perspective. One pairing is highlighted by hatching in each case.

[0037] The lateral offset of the said pairings from each other in a horizontal direction lying in the wall plane SE can be clearly seen.

[0038] This construction method has several advantages. The fact that the rafters rest directly on the posts makes it possible to dispense with the usual wall plate in such a framework construction. The wall plate usually rests on the posts and extends horizontally on them in the side wall plane SE. The rafters then rest on the wall plates. By eliminating the wall plate, the cost of the half-timbered house 1 can be reduced because less construction material is required and fewer steps are needed to raise the building. Furthermore, this eliminates thermal bridges.

[0039] The upper rafters 8.O and the outer posts 6.A are located closer to the outside of the half-timbered house 1 as viewed through the building envelope, which means that they have a comparatively low temperature in winter. The lower rafters 8.U and the inner posts 6.I are located closer to the interior 7, and thus have a comparatively higher temperature in winter. The pairing of the lower rafters 8.U on the inner posts 6.I prevents heat from flowing out of the comparatively warmer building structure into comparatively colder structural parts, i.e. the upper rafters 8.O or the outer posts 6.A. The lower rafters 8.U and the inner posts 6.I are arranged closer to the interior 7, and thus have a comparatively higher temperature in winter.

[0040] In addition, the lower rafters 8.U are designed stronger than the upper rafters 8.O, which means that more thermal mass is shifted to the inner side of the building, i.e. the side of the building that is warmer in winter.

[0041] FIGS. 3 to 5 show the installation of an insulation material 10 in an area 9 between adjacent upper rafters 8.O. The construction method of the half-timbered house 1 according to the disclosure enables continuous insulation in the area 9 extending in the side wall plane SE between adjacent upper rafters 8.O. In this case, a corresponding insulating material 10 extends vertically at least as far as a contact surface 11 of the upper rafters 8.O on the outer posts 6.A. This ensures particularly efficient thermal insulation. Most preferably, the respective insulating material 10 extends down to the sill 5. According to one embodiment, the insulating material 10 is formed by a plurality of insulating blocks, which makes it particularly easy and safe to install the insulating material 10.

[0042] The simple construction method of the half-timbered house 1 according to the disclosure is further supported in that recesses 12 in the form of grooves are made in the insulating material 10 or the insulating blocks, respectively, into which posts, rafters and/or spanning members of the half-timbered house 1.1 are inserted. In this way, the corresponding insulation blocks can simply be fitted onto each other or onto the framework 1.1.

[0043] In FIG. 4, the view from FIG. 3 is shown again, wherein a gaping hole in the insulation has now been filled by a missing insulation block. FIG. 4 shows a recess 12 extending through the insulation material 10, through which the contact surface 11 of an outer stand 6.A extends.

[0044] FIG. 5 now shows an upper rafter 8.O set into the corresponding recess 12, which is then supported on the corresponding contact surface 11.

[0045] In general, it is possible that the half-timbered house 1 according to the disclosure does not have a square or rectangular ground plan, but any ground plan, for example an oval ground plan, or as indicated in the schematized FIG. 6, a circular ground plan. Accordingly, a side wall 3 also runs circularly. Also in the case of such a side wall 3, the posts can be designed offset from one another in the radial direction to the shell surface in the direction of the interior 7 or in the direction of the exterior of the half-timbered house 1 in the wall orthogonal direction WOR, with corresponding pairings of matching upper and lower rafters 8.O, 8.U of the rafter roof 2. The respective pairings then have a horizontal offset along the circumference of the half-timbered house 1.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0046] 1 Half-timbered house [0047] 1.1 Framework [0048] 2 Rafter roof [0049] 2L Roof side [0050] 2R Roof side [0051] 3 Side wall [0052] 4 Substrate [0053] 5 Sill [0054] 6.A Outer post [0055] 6.I Inner post [0056] 7 Interior [0057] 8.U Lower rafter [0058] 8.O Upper rafter [0059] 9 Area [0060] 10 Insulation material [0061] 11 Contact surface [0062] 12 Recess [0063] DOR Roof orthogonal direction [0064] SE Side wall plane [0065] WOR Wall orthogonal direction