METHOD FOR PRODUCING A DIFFERENTIAL HOUSING AND DIFFERENTIAL HOUSING

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a differential housing having at least one machined bearing body and a machined gearing. In order to improve the differential housing in terms of production technology and/or function, the differential housing which has the bearing body is cast from a nodular cast iron material before the differential housing which has the bearing body and the gearing is machined.

Claims

1. A method for producing a differential housing having at least one machined bearing body and a machined gearing, wherein the differential housing which has the bearing body and the gearing is cast from a nodular cast iron material before the differential housing having the bearing body and the gearing is machined.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cast differential housing is soft-turned and washed.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein a root region and a flank region of the gearing are pre-machined in a pre-machining process.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the root region of the gearing is completed in the pre-machining process.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein in the pre-machining process the root region and the flank region of the gearing are pre-machined with an oversize.

6. The method according to claims 3, wherein the gearing is inductively hardened.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the hardened gearing is subjected to a blasting operation.

8. The method according to claim 3, wherein the gearing is post-machined in the flank region but not in the root region.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the post-machined gearing is subjected to a blasting operation.

10. A differential housing having at least one machined bearing body and a machined gearing and which is produced according to the method of claim 1.

11. The differential housing according to claim 10, wherein the cast differential housing is soft-turned and washed.

12. The differential housing according to claim 10, wherein a root region and a flank region of the gearing are pre-machined in a pre-machining process.

13. The differential housing according to claim 12, wherein the root region of the gearing is completed in the pre-machining process.

14. The differential housing according to claim 12, wherein the root region and the flank region of the gearing are pre-machined with an oversize.

15. The differential housing according to claim 10, wherein the gearing is inductively hardened.

16. The differential housing according to claim 15, wherein the hardened gearing is subjected to a blasting operation.

17. The differential housing according to claim 12, wherein the gearing is post-machined in the flank region but not in the root region.

18. The differential housing according to claim 17, wherein the post-machined gearing is subjected to a blasting operation.

Description

DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawing described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a differential housing which is made from a nodular cast iron material and which has two machined bearing bodies and a machined gearing;

[0020] FIG. 2 shows the differential housing of FIG. 1 in a plan view;

[0021] FIG. 3 shows a schematic sectional view of a tooth of the gearing of the differential housing with an oversize in a tooth flank region;

[0022] FIG. 4 shows a similar view to FIG. 3 with an oversize both in the tooth flank region and in a tooth root region;

[0023] FIG. 5 shows a flow diagram of a method for producing the differential housing of FIGS. 1 and 2 according to a first variant; and

[0024] FIG. 6 shows a similar view to FIG. 5 for illustrating three further variants of the method for producing the differential housing.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0025] A differential housing 1 which has a bell body 2, a wheel body 3 and two bearing bodies 4, 5 is shown in different views in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. The differential housing 1 is designed as a cast part from a nodular cast iron material. Preferably, the casting material used is a nodular cast iron material which has the abbreviation GJS 700 or GJS 800.

[0026] A gearing 6, which is designed as a spur gearing and is machined, is configured to extend radially outwardly on the wheel body 3. The bell body comprises a recesses 7 for passing through shafts, not shown. The bell body 2 also comprises a plurality of balancing bores 8.

[0027] The production costs can be reduced by designing the differential housing 1 as a cast part. By combining a green machining of the gearing, a dual frequency hardening and a blasting treatment, which can be carried out optionally before or after a gear grinding, the casting material which is more cost-effective but inferior regarding the operational stability can be used as a material for running gears subjected to high stress. Moreover, the noise damping can be effectively improved by the nodular cast iron material, during the operation of the differential housing 1.

[0028] By the variants described hereinafter, relative to service life or fatigue, the differential housing 1 which is made of the nodular cast iron material can replace a conventional differential housing which has a gearwheel made of a case-hardened steel or heat-treated steel. In addition to cost savings and NVH optimization, the weight of the differential housing 1 can be reduced. In this case, a high requirement for the casting quality, a more elaborate green machining before the hardening, in particular before a surface hardening, are taken into account. Moreover, additional measures for increasing strength, such as for example shot peening, are carried out for increasing the flank load-bearing capacity or the tooth root load-bearing capacity.

[0029] A tooth 10 of the gearing 6 of the differential housing of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is shown schematically in section in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4. The tooth 10 has a tip region 11, a flank region 12 and a root region 13. An oversize, which is removed during the machining of the tooth 10, is indicated by dotted lines in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4. In the tooth 10 shown in FIG. 3, the oversize is only provided in the flank region 12. In the tooth 10 shown in FIG. 4, the oversize is provided both in the flank region 12 and in the root region 13.

[0030] The tooth 10 in FIG. 3 relates to a first, a second and a third variant of the claimed method. The tooth 10 in FIG. 4 relates to a fourth variant of the claimed method.

[0031] In FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, two flow charts of a total of the four variants of the claimed method are shown. FIG. 5 comprises a total of nine method steps 21 to 29. FIG. 6 comprises a total of ten method steps 31 to 40.

[0032] The method steps 21; 31 represent casting an unmachined part of the differential housing from the nodular cast iron material. The method steps 22; 32 represent soft turning the cast unmachined part. The method steps 23; 33 represent washing the soft-turned cast part. The method steps 24; 34 represent gear milling the gearing. The method steps 25; 35 represent dual frequency hardening.

[0033] The method steps 27; 38 represent balancing the differential housing. The method steps 28; 39 represent washing the differential housing. The method steps 29; 40 represent mounting the differential housing.

[0034] FIG. 5 relates to the first variant of the claimed method. The gearing is already completed in the tooth root region in a pre-machining process during the gear milling 34. After the inductive hardening 26, in the method step 27 in a post-machining process the oversize in the flank region of the gearing is removed by gear grinding or honing.

[0035] By producing the tooth root region to the finished size in the soft machining process, the inductively hardened layer in the tooth root region is advantageously not reduced by the hard finishing, in particular, by gear grinding and/or honing, in the method step 26.

[0036] In variants two and three of the claimed method, a root region which has a tooth root radius is also already completed in the pre-machining process in step 34 by gear milling. In variants two and three, the gearing is subsequently hardened, and namely inductively, primarily by dual frequency hardening in the method step 35.

[0037] In the second variant of the method, a blasting operation is carried out by shot peening in the method step 36. During the blasting of the gearing, the focus is directed toward the tooth root region. Subsequently in the method step 37 only the tooth flank region is post-machined. The post-machining is also denoted as hard finishing. In this case, the tooth flank region of the gearing is machined by gear grinding or honing. The tooth root region is not machined during the post-machining process.

[0038] By producing the tooth root region to the finished size in the soft machining process, the inductively hardened edge layer in the tooth root is not reduced by the hard finishing. Due to the shot peening after hardening and before the hard finishing, such as grinding or honing, in combination with a tooth root which has already been machined to the finished size in the soft machining process, the end result is a fine-machined flank and a tooth root which has been blasted in order to increase the operational stability.

[0039] In the third variant of the method, the hard finishing or post-machining of the tooth flank region is carried out in the method step 36 without the tooth root after the hardening in step 35. The tooth root region in this case is not post-machined. After the post-machining in step 36 the gearing is subjected to a blasting operation in step 37, in particular by shot peening of the gearing, wherein the focus is directed both toward the flank region and toward the tooth root region.

[0040] By producing the tooth root in the soft machining process to the finished size, the inductively hardened layer in the tooth root is not reduced by the hard finishing. The load-bearing capacity of the tooth flank and tooth root is correspondingly increased by the shot peening after the hardening and the hard finishing, by grinding or honing.

[0041] In the fourth variant of the claimed method, the tooth root region of the gearing is produced with an oversize for a subsequent gear grinding/gear honing, as indicated in FIG. 4. In the method step 35 the gearing is inductively hardened, in particular by dual frequency hardening. In the method step 36, the hard finishing of the gearing is carried out by gear grinding or honing, wherein both the tooth flank region and the tooth root region are hard-finished. In the method step 37 the gearing is blasted in the finished state.

[0042] The flank load-bearing capacity and the tooth root strength are increased by the shot peening after the hardening and the hard finishing by grinding or honing. The tooth root, which has been ground, exhibits advantages by the reduced roughness and surface oxidation.