Blockage-free water overflow from the water jacket of a quencher into the quenching chamber

Abstract

A quenching chamber of an entrained-flow gasifier that gasifies fuels at temperatures of up to 1,800 C. and pressures of up to 10 MPa, wherein an annular chamber through which cooling water flows is formed between the pressure-bearing tank and the inner jacket. The overflow water is discharged from the annular chamber (skirt water) into the quenching chamber via the sleeve of a quenching lance, wherein blocking by the spray cone of the spray nozzle is prevented. The cooling water from the annular chamber is used in addition to the quenching water from the spray nozzle to cool and clean the raw gas in the quenching chamber.

Claims

1. A device for cooling hot raw gas and slag from the entrained-flow gasification of liquid and solid fuels at temperatures of the raw gas of from 1200 to 1800 C. and pressures of up to 10 MPa, comprising: a quenching chamber arranged below a gasification reactor, an inner jacket which delimits the quenching chamber arranged in a pressure-bearing container wall in such a way that an annular gap is formed between the container wall and the inner jacket, a feed of cooling water provided via a connection piece at a lower end of the annular gap in such a way that said cooling water rises upward in the annular gap, and at least one quenching lance which has a quenching nozzle, which is encased by a sleeve, for injecting cooling water into the quenching chamber and which is arranged in such a way that it penetrates through the container wall and the inner jacket, wherein the sleeve has an opening for discharge of the cooling water from the annular gap into the quenching chamber at a point where it extends in the annular gap.

2. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a nozzle head of the quenching nozzle is set back from an open end of the sleeve by from 1 to 4 times the nozzle diameter.

3. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sleeve projects beyond the inner jacket into the quenching chamber.

4. The device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the annular gap is connected to the sleeve via a pipeline.

5. The device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the pipeline has a compensator for length compensation.

6. The device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of annular gaps which are separated from one another are arranged at different levels of the quenching chamber, and wherein the sleeve is connected via a pipeline to an outlet of an annular gap which is not identical to the annular gap in which the quenching nozzle together with sleeve is arranged.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The invention will be explained in more detail below as an exemplary embodiment with reference to figures in a scope required for understanding. In the figures:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a quenching device with inner jacket and separate skirt flushing,

(3) FIG. 2 shows details of a first quenching lance according to the invention,

(4) FIG. 3 shows details of a second quenching lance according to the invention, and

(5) FIG. 4 shows details of a third quenching lance according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION

(6) Identical designations designate identical elements in the figures.

(7) The quenching device illustrated in FIG. 1 for an entrained-flow gasifier which gasifies fuels, in particular coal dust, under pressures of up to 10 MPa is designed as a free-space quencher. An inner jacket 2 which delimits the quenching chamber is arranged in the pressure-bearing container 4. Cooling water which is fed via a connection 8 rises in the annular chamber 13 between the pressure-bearing container and inner jacket. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, two separate annular chambers arranged above one another are provided. A quenching lance 7 is arranged so as to be inclined downward at a small angle in such a way that it penetrates through the container wall and the inner jacket.

(8) In the case of the quenching device illustrated in FIG. 2, the quenching lance protrudes into the quenching chamber by way of its sleeve, wherein the pipe 10 which channels the overflow water from the annular chamber is connected to the sleeve 12 from below.

(9) In the case of the quenching device illustrated in FIG. 3, the quenching lance protrudes into the quenching chamber by way of its sleeve, wherein the pipe 10 which channels the overflow water from the annular chamber is connected to the sleeve 12 from above.

(10) In the case of the quenching device illustrated in FIG. 4, the quenching lance protrudes into the quenching chamber by way of its sleeve, wherein, at the point where it extends in the annular gap, the sleeve has one or more openings 18 for forwarding the cooling water from the annular gap.

(11) The invention is also provided by a device for discharging cooling water from the water-filled interspace (13) into a quenching chamber (1) which is charged with hot dust- and slag-carrying gasification gas at pressures of up to 10 MPa and temperatures of up to 1800 C., wherein the cooling water is discharged from the water-filled annular chamber into the quenching chamber by means of pipes or half-pipes via a sleeve (12) sprayed by means of a quenching nozzle (9).

(12) In one particular embodiment of the invention, the overflow water is fed to a sleeve (12) via one or more pipes or half-pipes.

(13) In one particular embodiment of the invention, the sleeve (12) terminates with the inner jacket and the nozzle head (9) is set back from the open end of the sleeve (12) by from 1 to 4 times the nozzle diameter.

(14) In one particular embodiment of the invention, a compensator is used for compensating thermal stresses of the inner jacket.

(15) In one particular embodiment of the invention, part of the cooling water introduced into the quenching chamber is fed via the nozzles in such a way that it is finely distributed in the quenching chamber designed as a free space.

(16) The present invention has been explained in detail for illustrative purposes with reference to specific exemplary embodiments. In this regard, elements of the individual exemplary embodiments can also be combined with one another. The invention is therefore not intended to be limited to individual exemplary embodiments, but merely to be limited by the appended claims.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

(17) 1 Quenching chamber 2 Jacket apron, inner jacket, skirt 3 Raw gas outlet 4 Pressure jacket 5 Filling level indication connection, water level of water bath 6 Raw gas and slag inlet 7 Quenching lance 8 Connection for skirt flushing 9 Nozzle head 10 Water discharge from water-filled interspace 11 Compensator 12 Sleeve 13 Water-filled interspace, annular gap, annular chamber, water jacket 14 Quencher sump, water bath 15 Spray nozzle 16 Spray cone 17 Flange connection for feeding quenching water for spray nozzle 18 Aperture in sleeve