Fault current limiting control and protection coordination method for converter of flexible direct current power transmission system operating in islanding state

Abstract

A fault current limiting control and protection coordination method for a converter of a flexible direct current transmission system operating in an islanding state is provided. The current output command limit Imax is used to limit the current commands of inner loop currents, and in the event of a fault, Imax is set equal to or slightly larger than a value for an AC line overcurrent protection section.

Claims

1. A fault current limiting control and protection coordination method for a converter of a flexible direct current transmission system operating in an islanding state, characterized in that: coordinating a value of an output current of the converter with a set operating value for an AC line overcurrent protection, wherein: once a fault of a connected AC system is detected, a current output command limit Imax for the converter is set equal to or not more than 1.5 times a value for an AC line overcurrent protection section III; a set value for an AC line overcurrent protection section I is set smaller than a set value for a converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section I; the converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section I is set considering an instantaneous overload capability of the converter; a set value for a proximal AC line overcurrent protection section II is set larger than a set value for a converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section II, and a delay for the proximal AC line overcurrent protection section II is shorter than a delay for the converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section II and the converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section II works as a backup; a set value for a distal AC line overcurrent protection section II is set smaller than the set value for the converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section II, and the converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section II is used as a remote backup.

2. The fault current limiting control and protection coordination method for the converter of the flexible direct current transmission system operating in the islanding state according to claim 1, characterized in that: a set value for an AC line overcurrent protection section III is set to the output command limit Imax for the converter in the event of a fault; Imax is also a current limit value at which the converter is capable of operating for a long time in the event of the fault; a delay for the AC line overcurrent protection section III is shorter than a delay for a converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section III, and the converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section III is used as a remote backup for a distal AC line.

3. The fault current limiting control and protection coordination method for the converter of the flexible direct current transmission system operating in the islanding state according to claim 1, characterized in that: a magnitude of a grid-side voltage is detected in real time, and once a low voltage state is detected, it is determined that a AC line fault occurs, and Imax is changed from an allowable multiple of output current of the converter under normal condition to the value for the AC line overcurrent protection section III in the event of the fault.

4. The fault current limiting control and protection coordination method for the converter of the flexible direct current transmission system operating in the islanding state according to claim 1, characterized in that: due to an outer loop integration control of a grid-side voltage, when a grid side fault of the converter disappears, the current command limit Imax is restored to the allowable multiple of output current of the converter under normal condition, and a criterion for determining that the grid side fault disappears is U.sub.L>Uset, wherein Uset is a preset voltage threshold.

5. The fault current limiting control and protection coordination method for the converter of the flexible direct current transmission system operating in the islanding state according to claim 1, characterized in that: due to an outer loop integration control of a grid-side voltage, a current command is quickly brought to the current output command limit Imax under low voltage conditions, facilitating a rapid increase of the output current of the converter to the values of the AC line overcurrent protection section II or section III in the event of the fault.

6. The fault current limiting control and protection coordination method for the converter of the flexible direct current transmission system operating in the islanding state according to claim 1, characterized in that: the Imax ranges from 0.0 to 1.5 pu under normal condition and fault condition, and the Imax under fault condition is generally smaller than the Imax under normal condition.

7. The fault current limiting control and protection coordination method for the converter of the flexible direct current transmission system operating in the islanding state according to claim 3, characterized in that: a series or curve of n groups of two-dimensional numerical values (U.sub.Lj, Imaxj) (j=1, 2, . . . n) is pre-set, wherein U.sub.L is the grid-side voltage; and changing Imax from the allowable multiple of output current of the converter under normal condition to the value for the AC line overcurrent protection section III or a value for the AC line overcurrent protection section II in the event of the fault comprises obtaining the limit Imax using interpolation or lookup table method according to the detected U.sub.Lj.

8. The fault current limiting control and protection coordination method for the converter of the flexible direct current transmission system operating in the islanding state according to claim 1, characterized in that: a current limit command i*.sub.Ldq_LIM is used as an input current command of an inner loop current controller.

9. The fault current limiting control and protection coordination method for the converter of the flexible direct current transmission system operating in the islanding state according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the event of an AC line fault, the current command limit Imax is applied, if an actual output current is smaller than Imax, the system continues to operate; if {square root over (I*.sub.Ld_LIM.sup.2+I*.sub.Lq_LIM.sup.2)}=I.sub.max is satisfied, after using the external AC line overcurrent protection section II or section III to remove the AC line fault, Imax is restored to an allowable multiple of output current of the converter under normal condition.

10. The fault current limiting control and protection coordination method for the converter of the flexible direct current transmission system operating in the islanding state according to claim 1, characterized in that: the current output command limit Imax is used to limit the current commands I*.sub.Ldq of inner loop dq currents, if current commands are detected as {square root over (I*.sub.Ld_.sup.2+I*.sub.Lq.sup.2)}>I.sub.max, the current inner loop output current commands i*.sub.Ld and i*.sub.Lq are changed in an equal proportion to obtain i*.sub.Ldq_LIM, wherein {square root over (I*.sub.Ld_LIM.sup.2+I*.sub.Lq_LIM.sup.2)}=I.sub.max is satisfied, while the angle between current commands of dq currents is unchanged.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a converter current limiting control scheme for passive operation of the converter.

(2) FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship of the inner loop current limit Imax of the converter according to AC voltage U.sub.L.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

(3) The object of the present invention is to provide a fault current limiting control and protection coordination method for a converter of a flexible direct current transmission system operating in islanding state. When the converter is connected to an AC system working in islanding state, in the event of an AC system fault, partial short circuit current is provided by limiting the output current of the converter, and the corresponding output of converter is switched according to the detected current AC voltage amplitude, and the AC line fault is removed by AC protection without affecting the normal operation of the converter. After the AC side fault is removed, Imax is restored to an allowable multiple of output current of the converter under normal condition.

(4) In order to achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention is:

(5) A value of an output current of the converter coordinates with set values of the AC line overcurrent protection action. The coordination mode is that, once the fault of the connected AC system is detected, the current output command limit Imax for the converter is set equal to or slightly larger than a value for an AC line overcurrent protection section III. The set value for the AC line overcurrent protection section I is smaller than the set value for the converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section I. The converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section I is set considering an instantaneous overload capability of the converter.

(6) The set value for the proximal AC line overcurrent protection section II is larger than the set value for the converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section II, and the delay is shorter than the converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section II. The converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section II works as backup, the set value for the distal AC line overcurrent protection is smaller than the set value for the converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section II, and the converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section II is used as remote backup.

(7) The set value for the AC line overcurrent protection section III is set to the output command limit Imax for the converter in the event of a fault. Imax is also the current limit value at which the converter is capable of operating for a long time in the event of the fault. The delay for the AC line overcurrent protection section III is shorter than that of the converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section III, and the converter bridge arm overcurrent protection section III is used as a remote backup for distal AC line.

(8) The control system detects the magnitude of the voltage on grid side in real time. Once a low voltage state is detected, it is considered that the AC line is faulty. Imax is changed from the allowable multiple of output current of the converter under normal condition to the value for the AC line protection section III in the event of fault. When a grid side fault of the converter disappears, the current command limit Imax is restored to the allowable multiple of output current of the converter under normal condition, and a criterion for determining that the grid side fault disappears is U.sub.L>Uset, wherein Uset is a preset AC voltage threshold.

(9) Imax is used to limit the current commands I*.sub.Ldq of inner loop dq currents. If current limit commands are detected as {square root over (I*.sub.Ld_.sup.2+I*.sub.Lq.sup.2)}>I.sub.max, the current inner loop output current commands i*.sub.Ld and i*.sub.Lq are changed in an equal proportion to obtain i*.sub.Ldq_LIM, wherein {square root over (I*.sub.Ld_LIM.sup.2+I*.sub.Lq_LIM.sup.2)}=I.sub.max is satisfied, while the angle between current commands of dq currents is unchanged, and the above obtained current limit command i*.sub.Ldq_LIM acts as an input current command of inner loop current controller.

(10) The AC voltage is used as a control input of outer loop PI. As shown in FIG. 1, due to an outer loop integration control of the grid-side voltage, the current command is quickly brought to the limit Imax under low voltage conditions, which is beneficial to the output current of converter rapidly reaching the value for AC line protection section II or section III in the event of the fault. The Imax ranges from 0.0 to 1.5 under normal condition and fault condition, and the Imax under fault condition is generally smaller than that under normal condition.

(11) The method of switching from Imax under normal condition to Imax under fault condition is shown in FIG. 2: pre-setting a series or curve of n groups of two-dimensional numerical values (U.sub.Lj, Imaxj) (j=1, 2, . . . n), U.sub.L is the grid side voltage, the method of switching Imax from the allowable current multiple of the converter under normal condition to the value for AC line protection section III under fault condition is to obtain the limit value Imax using interpolation or lookup table method according to the current detected value of U.sub.Lj.

(12) In the event of AC line fault, the Imax current command is used, if the actual output current is smaller than Imax, the system continues to operate. If {square root over (I*.sub.Ld_LIM.sup.2+I*.sub.Lq_LIM.sup.2)}=I.sub.max is satisfied, after using the external AC protection section II or section III to remove the AC fault, Imax is restored to an allowable multiple of output current of the converter under normal condition.