FLAME RETARDANT MIXTURES, THE PRODUCTION AND THE USE THEREOF

Abstract

The invention relates to a flame retardant mixture comprising

99.9999% to 87% by weight of diorganylphosphinic acid salts as component A) and
0.0001% to 13% by weight of iron as component B),
where the sum total of A) and B) is 100% by weight.

The invention likewise relates to processes for producing the aforementioned flame retardant mixture and to the use thereof.

Claims

1. A flame retardant mixture comprising: 99.9999% to 0.0001% by weight of dialkylphosphinic salts as component A); and 0.0001% to 13% by weight of iron as component B), where the sum total of A) and B) is 100% by weight.

2. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 1, comprising: 99.9999% to 75% by weight of diorganylphosphinic acid salts as component A); and 0.0001% to 13% by weight of iron in the form of an iron-containing substance B1) as component B), where the amount of B1) is 0.0001% to 25% by weight, where the sum total of A) and B1) is 100% by weight.

3. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dialkylphosphinic acid salts conform to the formula (II) ##STR00003## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and are C.sub.1-C.sub.18-alkyl in linear, branched or cyclic form, C.sub.6-C.sub.18-aryl, C.sub.7-C.sub.18-arylalkyl and/or C.sub.7-C.sub.18-alkylaryl, m is 1 to 4, and M is Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Zr, Zn, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na and/or K.

4. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 3, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 in formula (II) are the same or different and are independently methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, 2-pentyl, 3-pentyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl (isopentyl), 3-methylbut-2-yl, 2-methylbut-2-yl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl (neopentyl), hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentylethyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylethyl, phenyl, phenylethyl, methylphenyl and/or methylphenylethyl.

5. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 1, which comprises 99.9995% to 95% by weight of component A) and 0.0005% to 5% by weight of component B).

6. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 2, wherein component B1) comprises iron(II) dialkylphosphinates, iron(III) dialkylphosphinates, iron(II) monoalkylphosphinates, iron(III) monoalkylphosphinates, iron(II) alkylphosphonates, iron(III) alkylphosphonates, iron(II) phosphite, iron(III) phosphite, iron(II) phosphate and/or iron(III) phosphate.

7. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 2, wherein component B1) is present in the form of iron(II) bis- and/or iron(III) tris(diethylphosphinate), -(dipropylphosphinate), -(butylethylphosphinate), -(n-butylethylphosphinate), -(sec-butylethylphosphinate), -(hexylethylphosphinate), -(dibutylphosphinate), -(hexylbutylphosphinate), -(octylethylphosphinate), -(ethyl(cyclopentylethyl)phosphinate), -(butyl(cyclopentylethyl)phosphinate), -(ethyl(cyclohexylethyl)phosphinate), -(butyl(cyclohexylethyl)phosphinate), -(ethyl(phenylethyl)phosphinate), -(butyl(phenylethyl)phosphinate), -(ethyl(4-methylphenylethyl)phosphinate), -(butyl(4-methylphenylethyl)phosphinate), -(butylcyclopentylphosphinate), -(butylcyclohexylethylphosphinate), -(butylphenylphosphinate), -(ethyl(4-methylphenyl)phosphinate) and/or -(butyl(4-methylphenyl)phosphinate); iron(II) mono- and/or iron(III) mono(ethylphosphinate), -(propylphosphinate), -(butylphosphinate), -(n-butylphosphinate), -(sec-butylphosphinate), -(hexylphosphinate) and/or -(octylphosphinate); or of iron(II) and/or iron(III) ethylphosphonate, propylphosphonate, butylphosphonate, n-butylphosphonate, sec-butylphosphonate, hexylphosphonate, octylphosphonate, iron(II) and/or iron(III) salts of ethyl(cyclopentylethyl)phosphinic acid, butyl(cyclopentylethyl)phosphinic acid, ethyl(cyclohexylethyl)phosphinic acid, butyl(cyclohexylethyl)phosphinic acid, ethyl(phenylethyl)phosphinic acid, butyl(phenylethyl)phosphinic acid, ethyl(4-methylphenylethyl)phosphinic acid, ethylphenylphosphinic acid, butyl(4-methylphenylethyl)phosphinic acid, butylcyclopentylphosphinic acid, butylcyclohexylethylphosphinic acid, butylphenylphosphinic acid, ethyl(4-methylphenyl)phosphinic acid, butyl(4-methylphenyl)phosphinic acid, ethylphosphinylacetic acid and/or ethylphosphinylbutyric acid, of hydroxymethyl(ethyl)ethylphosphinic acid, 1-hydroxy-1-methylpropylethylphosphinic acid, butyl ethylphosphonate, acylethylphosphonic anhydride, butylethylphosphonic acid, butylethylphosphinic acid, ethylphosphinylisobutyronitrile (1-cyano-1-methylethylethylphosphinic acid), propylethylphosphinic acid, t-butyl ethylphosphonate, t-butylethylphosphinic acid, hydroxymethyl(butyl)ethylphosphinic acid, 3-hydroxy-3-methylpentylethylphosphinic acid, propoxyethylethylphosphinic acid, phenylethylethylphosphinic acid, 2-ethylphosphinylethyl laurate, ethylpentylphosphinic acid, t-butoxyethylethylphosphinic acid, ethylphosphinylisohexanonitrile, hexylethylphosphinic acid and/or ethylphosphinylethyl sulfate.

8. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 2, wherein components A) and B1) are in the form of a physical mixture.

9. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 2, which comprises: 60% to 99.8999% by weight of component A), 0.0001% to 20% by weight of component B1), and 0.1% to 40% by weight of a further component C), where the sum total of components A), B1) and C) is 100% by weight, with the proviso that components A), B1) and C) are each different compounds.

10. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 9, wherein components A), B) and C) are in the form of a physical mixture with one another.

11. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 9, wherein components A) and C) form a homogeneous chemical compound with one another and they are in the form of a physical mixture with component B).

12. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 9, wherein component C) comprises telomers of the formula (III)
H(C.sub.wH.sub.2w).sub.kP(O)(OM)(C.sub.xH.sub.2x).sub.lH(III) where, in formula (III), independently of one another, k is 1 to 9, l is 1 to 9, w is 2 to 9, x is 2 to 9, and M is Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Fe, Zr, Zn, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na, K and/or a protonated nitrogen base, and the (C.sub.wH.sub.2w).sub.k, (C.sub.xH.sub.2x).sub.l groups may be linear or branched; and/or the telomers are those of the formula (I) ##STR00004## where R.sup.3, R.sup.4 are the same or different and are C.sub.6-C.sub.10-arylene, C.sub.7-C.sub.20-alkylarylene, C.sub.7-C.sub.20-arylalkylene and/or C.sub.3-C.sub.16-cycloalkyl or -bicycloalkyl, M is Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Fe, Zr, Zn, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na, K and/or a protonated nitrogen base; and components A), B1) and C) are different compounds.

13. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 12, wherein, in formula (III), w and x are each 2 or 3 and k and l are each 1 to 3 and M is Al, Ti, Fe or Zn.

14. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 12, wherein the telomers are metal salts of ethylbutylphosphinic acid, dibutylphosphinic acid, ethylhexylphosphinic acid, butylhexylphosphinic acid, ethyloctylphosphinic acid, sec-butylethylphosphinic acid, 1-ethylbutyl(butyl)phosphinic acid, ethyl(1-methylpentyl)phosphinic acid, di-sec-butylphosphinic acid (di-1-methylpropylphosphinic acid), propyl(hexyl)phosphinic acid, dihexylphosphinic acid, hexyl(nonyl)phosphinic acid, propyl(nonyl)phosphinic acid, dinonylphosphinic acid, dipropylphosphinic acid, butyl(octyl)phosphinic acid, hexyl(octyl)phosphinic acid, dioctylphosphinic acid, ethyl(cyclopentylethyl)phosphinic acid, butyl(cyclopentylethyl)phosphinic acid, ethyl(cyclohexylethyl)phosphinic acid, butyl(cyclohexylethyl)phosphinic acid, ethyl(phenylethyl)phosphinic acid, butyl(phenylethyl)phosphinic acid, ethyl(4-methylphenylethyl)phosphinic acid, butyl(4-methylphenylethyl)phosphinic acid, butylcyclopentylphosphinic acid, butylcyclohexylethylphosphinic acid, butylphenylphosphinic acid, ethyl(4-methylphenyl)phosphinic acid and/or butyl(4-methylphenyl)phosphinic acid, ethylphosphinylisobutyronitrile (1-cyano-1-methylethylethylphosphinic acid), propylethylphosphinic acid, hydroxymethyl(butyl)ethylphosphinic acid, 3-hydroxy-3-methylpentylethylphosphinic acid, propoxyethylethylphosphinic acid, phenylethylethylphosphinic acid, ethylpentylphosphinic acid, t-butoxyethylethylphosphinic acid, ethylphosphinylisohexanonitrile, hexylethylphosphinic acid and/or ethylphosphinylethyl sulfate, where the metal of the metal salt comes from the group of Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Fe, Zr, Zn, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na and/or K.

15. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 9, which further comprises synergists as component D), where the synergists are melamine phosphate, dimelamine phosphate, pentamelamine triphosphate, trimelamine diphosphate, tetrakismelamine triphosphate, hexakismelamine pentaphosphate, melamine diphosphate, melamine tetraphosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, melamine polyphosphates, melam polyphosphates, melem polyphosphates and/or melon polyphosphates; or melamine condensation products such as melam, melem and/or melon; or oligomeric esters of tris(hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate with aromatic polycarboxylic acids, benzoguanamine, tris(hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, allantoin, glycoluril, melamine, melamine cyanurate, urea cyanurate, dicyandiamide and/or guanidine; or nitrogen-containing phosphates of the formula (NH.sub.4).sub.yH.sub.3-yPO.sub.4 or (NH.sub.4PO.sub.3).sub.z with y=1 to 3 and z=1 to 10 000; or aluminum phosphites, aluminum pyrophosphites, aluminum phosphonates, aluminum pyrophosphonates; or silicates, zeolites, silicas, ceramic powder, zinc compounds, e.g. zinc borate, zinc carbonate, zinc stannate, zinc hydroxystannate, zinc phosphate, zinc sulfide, zinc oxide, zinc hydroxide, tin oxide hydrate, basic zinc silicate, zinc molybdate, magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, magnesium carbonate and/or calcium magnesium carbonate.

16. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 15, which comprises: a) 0.0001% to 74.8% by weight of component A), b) 0.0001% to 25% by weight of component B1), c) 0.1% to 40% by weight of component C), and d) 0.1% to 40% by weight of component D), where the sum total of A), B1), C) and D) is 100% by weight, with the proviso that A), B1) and C) are different compounds.

17. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 1, which comprises: a particle size of 0.01 to 1000 m, a bulk density of 50 to 1500 g/L, a tamped density of 100 g/L to 1100 g/L, an angle of repose of 5 to 45 degrees, a BET surface area of 1 to 40 m.sup.2/g, L color values of 85 to 99.9, a color values of 4 to +9, and b color values of 2 to +6.

18. The flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 1, which comprises: a particle size of 0.5 to 800 m, a bulk density of 80 to 800 g/L, a tamped density of 600 g/L to 800 g/L, and an angle of repose of 10 to 40 degrees.

19. A process for producing flame retardant mixtures as claimed in claim 1, which comprises: a) in a process stage 1 adding 0.9 to 1.1 molecules of olefin per P onto a water-soluble salt of the hypophosphorous acid or the acid itself, b) in a process stage 2 adding 0.9 to 1.1 additional molecules of olefin per P onto the intermediate from a) to give dialkylphosphinic acid or salt thereof, c) in a process stage 3 adding 1 to 9 further olefin molecules onto 0% to 20% of the dialkylphosphinate molecules from process stage 1, so as to form telomers, with conversion of dialkylphosphinic acid, if it is formed, to a corresponding salt, d) in a process stage 4 conducting a crystallization of the intermediate from b) and/or c) and a metal salt, and e) in a process stage 5 mixing in an iron compound/component B.

20. A process for producing flame retardant mixtures as claimed in claim 1, which comprises: a) in a process stage 1 adding 0.9 to 1.1 molecules of olefin per P onto a water-soluble salt of the hypophosphorous acid or the acid itself, b) in a process stage 2 adding 0.9 to 1.1 additional molecules of olefin per P onto the intermediate from a) to give dialkylphosphinic acid or salt thereof, c) in a process stage 3 adding 1 to 9 further olefin molecules onto 0.1% to 20% of the dialkylphosphinate molecules from process stage 1, so as to form telomers, with conversion of dialkylphosphinic acid, if it is formed, to a corresponding salt, d) in a process stage 4 conducting a coprecipitation of the intermediate from c) and a metal salt, and e) in a process stage 5 mixing in an iron compound/component B.

21. A process for producing flame retardant mixtures as claimed in claim 1, which comprises: a) in a process stage 1 adding 0.9 to 1.1 molecules of olefin per P onto a water-soluble salt of the hypophosphorous acid or the acid itself, b) in a process stage 2 adding 0.9 to 1.1 additional molecules of olefin per P onto the intermediate from a) to give dialkylphosphinic acid or salt thereof, with conversion of dialkylphosphinic acid, if it is formed, to a corresponding salt, c) in a process stage 3 conducting a coprecipitation of the intermediate from b) and an iron salt, and d) in a process stage 4 mixing in the telomers/component C.

22. A process for producing flame retardant mixtures as claimed in claim 1, which comprises: a) in a process stage 1 adding 0.9 to 1.1 molecules of olefin per P onto a water-soluble salt of the hypophosphorous acid or the acid itself, b) in a process stage 2 adding 0.9 to 1.1 additional molecules of olefin per P onto the intermediate from a) to give dialkylphosphinic acid or salt thereof, with conversion of dialkylphosphinic acid, if it is formed, to a corresponding salt, c) in a process stage 3 conducting a crystallization of the intermediate from b) and a metal salt, e) in a process stage 4 optionally mixing in telomers, and f) in a process stage 5 mixing in an iron compound/component B.

23. The process as claimed in claim 19, wherein the iron compounds and/or iron salts used are those with anions of the seventh main group; with anions of the oxo acids of the seventh main group; with anions of the sixth main group; with anions of the oxo acids of the sixth main group; with anions of the fifth main group; with anions of the oxo acids of the fifth main group; with anions of the oxo acids of the fourth main group; with anions of the oxo acids of the third main group; with anions of the pseudohalides; with anions of the oxo acids of the transition metals; with organic anions from the group of the mono-, di-, oligo- and polycarboxylic acids, of acetic acid, of trifluoroacetic acid, propionates, butyrates, valerates, caprylates, oleates, stearates, of oxalic acid, of tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, salicylates, lactic acid, acrylic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, of amino acids, of acidic hydroxo functions, para-phenolsulfonates, para-phenolsulfonate hydrates, acetylacetonate hydrates, tannates, dimethyldithiocarbamates, trifluoromethanesulfonate, alkylsulfonates and/or aralkylsulfonates; as elemental iron; as iron compound in the form of the fluorides, chlorides, bromides, iodides, iodate, perchlorate, oxides, hydroxides, peroxides, superoxides, sulfates, hydrogensulfates, sulfate hydrates, sulfites, peroxosulfates, nitrides, phosphides, nitrates, nitrate hydrates, nitrites, phosphates, peroxophosphates, phosphites, hypophosphites, pyrophosphates, carbonates, hydrogencarbonates, hydroxidecarbonates, carbonate hydrates, silicates, hexafluorosilicates, hexafluorosilicate hydrates, stannates, borates, polyborates, peroxoborates, thiocyanates, cyanates, cyanides, chromates, chromites, molybdates, permanganates, formates, acetates, acetate hydrates, trifluoroacetate hydrates, propionates, butyrates, valerates, caprylates, oleates, stearates, oxalates, tartrates, citrates, basic citrates, citrate hydrates, benzoates, salicylates, lactates, lactate hydrates, acrylic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, glycine, phenoxides, para-phenolsulfonates, para-phenolsulfonate hydrates, acetylacetonate hydrates, tannates, dimethyldithiocarbamates, trifluoromethanesulfonate, alkylsulfonates and/or aralkylsulfonates; and/or in the form of alloys of iron with copper, tin, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium.

24. The process as claimed in claim 19, wherein the following are added in the process stages: initiators, free-radical initiators, photoinitiators, inhibitors, free-radical control auxiliaries, nucleating agents, cocrystallization auxiliaries, crystallization auxiliaries, strong electrolytes, wetting agents, solvents, acids, alkalis, alkaline compounds, strongly alkaline solutions, flow auxiliaries, bleaches, coupling reagents, adhesion promoters, separating agents, plastics additives, coatings additives, and flame retardants ensheathed by the flame retardant mixture as claimed in claim 1.

25. The use of flame retardant mixtures as claimed in claim 1 as an intermediate for further syntheses, as a binder, as a crosslinker or accelerator in the curing of epoxy resins, polyurethanes and unsaturated polyester resins, as polymer stabilizers, as crop protection compositions, as sequestrants, as a mineral oil additive, as an anticorrosive, in washing and cleaning composition applications, and in electronics applications; as flame retardants, as flame retardants for clearcoats and intumescent coatings, as flame retardants for wood and other cellulosic products, as reactive and/or nonreactive flame retardant for polymers, for production of flame-retardant polymer molding compounds, for production of flame-retardant polymer moldings and/or for rendering polyester and pure and blended cellulose fabrics flame-retardant by impregnation.

26. A flame-retardant thermoplastic or thermoset polymer molding composition or polymer molding, film, filament or fiber comprising 0.5% to 50% by weight of flame retardant mixtures as claimed in claim 1, 0.5% to 95% by weight of thermoplastic or thermoset polymer or mixtures thereof, 0% to 55% by weight of additives and 0% to 70% by weight of filler or reinforcing materials, where the sum of the components is 100% by weight; and where the polymer comprises thermoplastic polymers of the HI (high-impact) polystyrene, polyphenylene ether, polyamide, polyester or polycarbonate type, and blends or polymer blends of the ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) or PC/ABS (polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) or PPE/HIPS (polyphenylene ether/HI polystyrene) polymer type, and/or thermoset polymers of the formaldehyde-, epoxide- or melamine-phenolic resin polymer, unsaturated polyester, epoxy resin and/or polyurethane type.

27. The thermoplastic or thermoset polymer molding composition, molding, film, filament or fiber as claimed in claim 26, which comprises further additives, which are antioxidants, UV stabilizers, gamma ray stabilizers, hydrolysis stabilizers, antistats, emulsifiers, nucleating agents, plasticizers, processing auxiliaries, impact modifiers, dyes, pigments and others.

Description

EXAMPLE 1 (COMPARATIVE)

[0208] Aluminum diethylphosphinate with no telomer or iron shows the thermal stability and processing window listed in table 2.

EXAMPLES 2 AND 4

[0209] Aluminum diethylphosphinates with no telomer are mixed with iron tris(diethylphosphinate) in a Ldige plowshare mixer to give physical mixtures, by mixing for about 15 min until homogeneity is attained. The flame retardant mixtures of the invention contain 20 or 1000 ppm of iron.

[0210] The thermal stability and the processing window (see table 2 for both) are superior to pure aluminum diethylphosphinate (table 2, comparative example 1). The thermal stability is determined using the flame retardant mixtures of the invention, and the processing window using the flame-retardant polymeric molding compounds.

EXAMPLES 3 AND 5

[0211] Aluminum diethylphosphinate with no telomer is mixed with iron tris(dipropylphosphinate) in a Ldige plowshare mixer to give physical mixtures, by mixing for about 15 min until homogeneity is attained. The flame retardant mixtures of the invention contain 50 or 13 413 ppm of iron.

[0212] The thermal stability and the processing window (see table 2 for both) are superior to pure aluminum diethylphosphinate (table 2, comparative example 1). The thermal stability is determined using the flame retardant mixtures of the invention, and the processing window using the flame-retardant polymeric molding compounds.

EXAMPLES 6 TO 17

[0213] Aluminum diethylphosphinate containing n-butyl ethylphosphinate or sec-butyl ethylphosphinate or ethyl hexyl phosphinate in ionically bound form is mixed with iron tris(diethylphosphinate) in a Ldige plowshare mixer for about 15 min until homogeneity is attained. The amounts used are described in table 3, and the composition of the flame retardant mixtures of the invention in table 4. The thermal stability and the processing window (see table 4 for both) are superior to pure aluminum diethylphosphinate (table 2, comparative example 1). The thermal stability is determined using the flame retardant mixtures of the invention, and the processing window using the flame-retardant polymeric molding compound.

EXAMPLES 18 TO 19

[0214] Aluminum diethylphosphinate containing n-butyl ethylphosphinate in ionically bound form is mixed with iron tris(dipropylphosphinate) in a Ldige plowshare mixer for about 15 min until homogeneity is attained. The amounts used are described in table 3, and the composition of the flame retardant mixtures of the invention in table 4.

[0215] The thermal stability and the processing window (see table 4 for both) are superior to pure aluminum diethylphosphinate (table 2, comparative example 1). The thermal stability is determined using the flame retardant mixtures of the invention, and the processing window using the flame-retardant polymeric molding compound.

EXAMPLES 20 TO 35

[0216] Aluminum diethylphosphinates containing n-butyl ethylphosphinate, sec-butyl ethylphosphinate or ethyl n-hexyl phosphinate in ionically bound form are mixed with iron additions in the amounts specified in tables 5 and 7 in a Ldige plowshare mixer for about 15 min until homogeneity is attained. The flame retardant mixtures of the invention contain the amounts of n-butyl ethylphosphinate, sec-butyl ethylphosphinate or ethyl n-hexylphosphinate and iron specified in tables 6 and 8.

[0217] The thermal stability and the processing window (see tables 6 and 8 for both) are superior to pure aluminum diethylphosphinate (table 2, comparative example 1). The thermal stability is determined using the flame retardant mixtures of the invention, and the processing window using the flame-retardant polymeric molding compound.

EXAMPLES 36 AND 37

[0218] Aluminum diethylphosphinate containing n-butyl ethylphosphinate in coprecipitated form is mixed with iron tris(diethylphosphinate) in a Ldige plowshare mixer for about 15 min until homogeneity is attained. The amounts used are described in table 7, and the composition of the flame retardant mixtures of the invention in table 8.

[0219] The thermal stability and the processing window (see table 8 for both) are superior to pure aluminum diethylphosphinate (table 2, comparative example 1). The thermal stability is determined using the flame retardant mixtures of the invention, and the processing window using the flame-retardant polymeric molding compound.

EXAMPLE 38

[0220] Aluminum diethylphosphinate containing sec-butyl ethylphosphinate in ionically bound form is mixed first with aluminum tris(n-butylethylphosphinate) and then with iron tris(diethylphosphinate) in a Ldige plowshare mixer to give a physical mixture by mixing for about 15 min until homogeneity is attained. The flame retardant mixture of the invention contains 52 ppm of iron.

[0221] The thermal stability and the processing window (see table 8 for both) are superior to pure aluminum diethylphosphinate (table 2, comparative example 1). The thermal stability is determined using the flame retardant mixture of the invention, and the processing window using the flame-retardant polymeric molding compound.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Amounts used in the flame retardant mixtures [g] Example 1 comp. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Aluminum diethylphosphinate [g] 1000.00 999.85 999.55 992.5 879.0 999.85 899.0 999.75 992.5 999.75 Inventive Iron tris(diethylphosphinate) 0.15 7.5 0.15 101 0.25 7.5 0.25 iron Iron tris(dipropylphosphinate) 0.45 121 additions Iron di(dibutylphosphinate) [g] Iron tris(ethylphosphinate) Iron tris(hexylphosphinate)/ Fe((C.sub.6H.sub.13)PO.sub.2H).sub.3 Diiron tris(ethylphosphonate)/ Fe.sub.2(C.sub.2H.sub.5PO.sub.3).sub.3 Iron tris(n-butylethylphosphinate) Iron phosphite/Fe.sub.2(HPO.sub.3).sub.3 Iron(III) phosphate/FePO.sub.4 Iron(II) phosphate/Fe.sub.3(PO.sub.4).sub.2 Telomers [g] Aluminum n-butylethylphosphinate

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Analysis of the flame retardant mixtures, thermal stability and processing window Example 1 comp. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Additions [% by wt.] 0 0.02 0.05 0.76 14 0.02 11 0.03 0.76 0.03 Telomer n-Butyl ethylphosphinate 0.05 0.05 0.5 0.5 10 content (as Al salt) [P %] sec-Butyl ethylphosphinate (as Al salt) Ethyl n-hexylphosphinate (as Al salt) Fe content [ppm] 0 20 50 1000 13 413 20 13 413 33 1000 33 Therm. stability [ C.] 325 335 366 376 359 337 350 356 375 375 Processing window [%] 8 5 4.3 4.2 5.5 5 5.4 3.7 3.5 5.1

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Amounts used in the flame retardant mixtures [g] Example 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Aluminum diethylphosphinate [g] 992.5 999.85 899.0 999.85 992.5 999.85 992.5 999.7 991.0 999.85 Inventive Iron tris(diethylphosphinate) 7.5 0.15 101 0.15 7.5 0.15 7.5 iron Iron tris(dipropylphosphinate) 0.3 9 additions Iron di(dibutylphosphinate) 0.15 [g] Iron tris(ethylphosphinate) Iron tris(hexylphosphinate)/ Fe((C.sub.6H.sub.13)PO.sub.2H).sub.3 Diiron tris(ethylphosphonate)/ Fe(C.sub.2H.sub.5PO.sub.3).sub.3 Iron tris(n-butylethylphosphinate) Iron phosphite/Fe.sub.2(HPO.sub.3).sub.3 Iron(III) phosphate/FePO.sub.4 Iron(II) phosphate/Fe.sub.3(PO.sub.4).sub.2 Telomers [g] Aluminum n-butylethylphosphinate

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Analysis of the flame retardant mixtures, thermal stability and processing window Example 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Additions [% by wt.] 0.76 0.02 11 0.02 0.76 0.06 0.76 0.03 0.91 0.02 Telomer n-Butyl ethylphosphinate 10 20 20 0.05 10 content (as Al salt) [P %] sec-Butyl ethylphosphinate 0.1 5 0.05 (as Al salt) Ethyl n-hexylphosphinate 0.1 10 (as Al salt) Fe content [ppm] 1000 20 13 413 20 1000 20 1000 33 1000 20 Therm. stability [ C.] 375 334 359 339 369 336 368 344 374 338 Processing window [%] 4.9 5.1 5.5 5.1 4.3 5.6 4.4 5.3 4.5 5.6

TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Amounts used in the flame retardant mixtures [g] Example 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Aluminum diethylphosphinate [g] 992.5 999.85 994 999.7 995.5 999.84 992.2 999.8 991 999.87 Inventive Iron tris(diethylphosphinate) iron Iron tris(dipropylphosphinate) additions Iron di(dibutylphosphinate) 7.5 [g] Iron tris(ethylphosphinate) 0.15 6 Iron tris(hexylphosphinate)/ 0.3 4.5 Fe((C.sub.6H.sub.13)PO.sub.2H).sub.3 Diiron tris(ethylphosphonate)/ 0.16 7.8 Fe.sub.2(C.sub.2H.sub.5PO.sub.3).sub.3 Iron tris(n-butylethylphosphinate) 0.2 9 Iron phosphite/Fe.sub.2(HPO.sub.3).sub.3 0.13 Iron(III) phosphate/FePO.sub.4 Iron(II) phosphate/Fe.sub.3(PO.sub.4).sub.2 Telomers [g] Aluminum n-butylethylphosphinate

TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Analysis of the flame retardant mixtures, thermal stability and processing window Example 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Additions [% by wt.] 0.76 0.02 0.60 0.03 0.45 0.02 0.79 0.02 0.91 0.01 Telomer n-Butyl ethylphosphinate 0.05 10 0.05 content (as Al salt) [P %] sec-Butyl ethylphosphinate 10 0.05 10 0.05 10 (as Al salt) Ethyl n-hexylphosphinate 0.05 5 (as Al salt) Fe content [ppm] 1021 25 1000 33 499 21 1000 22 999 21 Therm. stability [ C.] 372 338 368 346 373 338 373 335 370 337 Processing window [%] 4.7 5.9 6.1 5.6 4.2 6 4.1 4.9 4.3 5.5

TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Amounts used in the flame retardant mixtures [g] Example 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Aluminum diethylphosphinate [g] 993.7 999.94 997.3 999.85 993.6 999.85 992.5 981.61 Inventive Iron tris(diethylphosphinate) 0.15 7.5 0.39 iron Iron tris(dipropylphosphinate) additives Iron di(dibutylphosphinate) [g] Iron tris(ethylphosphinate) Iron tris(hexylphosphinate)/ Fe((C.sub.6H.sub.13)PO.sub.2H).sub.3 Diiron tris(ethylphosphonate)/ Fe.sub.2(C.sub.2H.sub.5PO.sub.3).sub.3 Iron tris(n-butylethylphosphinate) Iron phosphite/Fe.sub.2(HPO.sub.3).sub.3 6.3 Iron(III) phosphate/FePO.sub.4 0.06 2.7 Iron(II) phosphate/Fe.sub.3(PO.sub.4).sub.2 0.15 6.4 Telomers [g] Aluminum n-butylethylphosphinate 18

TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Analysis of the flame retardant mixtures, thermal stability and processing window Example 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Additions [% by wt.] 0.63 0.01 0.27 0.02 0.64 0.02 0.76 Telomer n-Butyl ethylphosphinate 10 0.05 10 1.5 content (as Al salt) [P %] sec-Butyl ethylphosphinate 0.05 10 1.8 (as Al salt) Ethyl n-hexylphosphinate 0.05 5 (as Al salt) Fe content [ppm] 1000 22 1000 23 1000 20 1000 52 Therm. stability [ C.] 373 339 371 334 369 351 353 365 Processing window [%] 4.1 5 4.5 7 4.2 4.5 4.8 4.3

[0222] In the above tables, thermal stability was measured with the aid of thermogravimetry (TGA). The temperature reported is that at which there is 2% by weight of weight loss.

[0223] The processing window of the polymer molding compound was likewise determined by TGA. The weight loss is measured in percent by weight at 330 C. after 1 h. TGA is conducted under an air atmosphere.

[0224] In the case of the polymer molding compound, the maximum scope of the flame retardant composition of the invention is polyamide, MPP (melamine polyphosphate), glass fibers, zinc borate and wax.