Coanda effect fish pump

Abstract

An improved Coanda effect fish pump that allows for improved pump performance with enhanced and unsymmetrical-irregularities features in circumferential flow gaps and orifice flutes that improve water flow distribution and pump performance. Design features improve fish quality during pumping and can be designed to remove sea ice from salmon. The features reduce spinning in the pump, correct for unsymmetrical input water pressure distribution, and reshape water velocities to more effectively remove sea lice.

Claims

1. An improved Coanda effect fish pump for transporting live fish by induced flow, said pump comprising a housing having a primary intake for primary flow, a secondary intake for induced flow, a collector chamber for intermixing said primary flow and said induced flow, and an outlet for discharge, an orifice forming a primary flow path for said primary flow circumferentially with respect to an induced flow path of said induced flow, said orifice forming a circumferential flow gap having a space between said primary intake and said collector chamber, directing said primary flow at an acute angle to an axis defined by said induced flow, said orifice including flutes defined by spaced apart surface depressions formed in said external surface of said secondary intake; the improvement comprising an unsymmetrical gap or features to adjust water flow for removal of sea lice from fish.

2. The pump according to claim 1 wherein said flutes are constructed and arranged to adjust water flow, said flutes having a width about 0.625 inches, a depth between 0.4 and 0.625 inches, and a radius of about 0.312 inches.

3. The pump according to claim 1 wherein said pump intake diameter is ten inches and at least fifteen (15) said flutes are formed around said orifice.

4. The pump according to claim 1 wherein said pump intake diameter is ten inches and said orifice has between fifteen (15) and twenty-four (24) said flutes.

5. The pump according to claim 1 wherein said flutes are not all the same width and depth.

6. The pump according to claim 1 wherein said space of said circumferential flow gap is an irregular space.

7. The pump according to claim 5 wherein said irregular space is constructed and arranged to reshape said intermixed flow to remove sea lice.

8. The pump according to claim 5 wherein said irregular space is constructed and arranged to reshape said intermixed flow to reduce fish damage.

9. The pump according to claim 1 wherein at least 40% of the primary flow passes through said flutes.

10. The pump according to claim 1 wherein at least 40% of the primary flow passes through said flutes.

11. The pump according to claim 1 wherein said flute depths are positioned about the 18, 172, 198 and 344 degree position to represent the profile of a fish wherein at least 40% of the primary flow passes through said flutes.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the improved pump;

[0038] FIG. 2A illustrates fluid flow through the pump flow;

[0039] FIG. 2B is a cross sectional view of a circumferential gap cut through the flute area of FIG. 2A;

[0040] FIG. 3A is a perspective view of the pump depicted in FIG. 1 with the collector chamber removed;

[0041] FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of a frontal flute section of FIG. 3A;

[0042] FIG. 4A is a perspective view of the pump depicted in FIG. 1 with the collector chamber removed;

[0043] FIG. 4B is an enlarged view of an upper flute section of FIG. 4A;

[0044] FIG. 5 illustrates velocity lines in a pump with twenty (20) identical flutes placed 18 degrees apart;

[0045] FIG. 6 illustrates constant velocity lines in a prior art pump having ten (10) identical flutes;

[0046] FIG. 7 illustrates velocity lines in a pump modified with unsymmetrical flutes at 0 and 180 degrees; and

[0047] FIG. 8 illustrates velocity lines in a pump with flutes at 18, 172, 198, and 344 degrees.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0048] While the present invention is susceptible of embodiment in various forms, there is shown in the drawings and will hereinafter be described a presently preferred, albeit not limiting, embodiment with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered an exemplification of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments illustrated.

[0049] Referring to FIGS. 1-4, illustrated is a ten inch Coanda effect fish pump 10 with desired efficiency and capacity improvements. By way of illustration, a flow of pressurized water enters the pump 10 through tube inlet 12 at a high velocity into a plenum 14, a concentric space formed between an outer wall 18 and an inner wall 22. In particular, the concentric plenum 14 is defined as the chamber formed between first surface 16 and second surface 20. The plenum 14 accepting water flow from the tube inlet 12 and providing a circumferential flow gap 25 that is formed between an end 24 of the inner wall 22 along the second surface 20 and an inner surface 26 of collector chamber 30. The collector chamber 30 is releasably secured to the housing 32 of the pump 10 by fasteners 28. The circumferential flow gap 25 between the collector chamber 30 at the end 24 of the inner wall 22 creates a suction along the fish inlet 40. Fish are pulled through the fish inlet and directed by the pump inner wall 22 which forms an interior water injection flow path. The fish are expelled through the fish outlet 42 along the end of the collector chamber 30.

[0050] For example, a ten inch pump commonly used on salmon fish requires approximately 2,000 GPM for a two meter lift, wherein the water through the fish inlet 40 will be approximately 1,500 GPM, and the pressurized water through the tube inlet 12 will be about 2000 GPM. A water stream, illustrated between numerals 33 and 35, will triple in velocity in less than four (4) inches. The change in velocity causes suction through the fish inlet 40. When salmon are drawn through the fish inlet 40 head first, the change in velocity has been found to be beneficial in the removal of sea lice. There are various ways to cause a fish to enter a suction pump head first, including the system set forth by Lindgren (U.S. Patent Publication No. 2018/0206458), and the use of special pumps like Lemmon, U.S. Pat. No. 4,193,737. A fish entering head first into the pump, as modified and described herein, will have nearly 100% of any sea lice attached to the fish removed.

[0051] The ten inch pump 10 has a primary water inlet 12 that is fluidly coupled to outlet 42 with the end 24 of the inner wall 22 providing a velocity change. The end 24 of the inner wall 22 includes a plurality of flutes 50 in the interior water injection flow path to more efficiently affect the water flow, and therefore improve lift and flow capacity.

[0052] The flutes 50 of the instant invention are positioned every 15 to 24 degrees. If positioned every 15 degrees, there will be twenty four (24) flutes. If positioned every 24 degrees, there will be fifteen (15) flutes. The flutes are constructed and arranged to flow a higher percentage of water through the flutes, allowing the flute modifications to adjust the pump water distribution. The resulting flow pattern is not only capable of removing up to 100% of the sea lice through a velocity change, the resulting flow pattern is less harmful to the fish than all known prior fish pumps.

[0053] Referring to the figures in general, it is known in the art that current fish pumps create undesirable, unsymmetrical pressure distribution at entrance, 0 degrees, and 180 degrees from velocity peak irregularities in the plenum at the respective angles. This is corrected by reducing the flute depth at those angles by 10-20% to balance the flow through adjusted flutes. This change of flute depth reduces irregularities and is less harmful to the fish physically, and reduces stress while the fish is traveling in the pump. It has been discovered that further adjusting the flutes from symmetry can adjust the flow pattern as desired. The increased depth of the flutes balances flow and decreases water from spinning when exiting the pump to minimize stress on the fish.

[0054] The instant invention reduces or eliminates the water entering the pump primary inlet 12 from spinning the fluid flow as it exits the collector chamber 30. The use of the circumferential flow gap allows a velocity change, but results in a fluid flow irregularities. Fish that are stressed after passing through a pump, typically such stress is induced by a spinning of the fish, can cause the fish to refrain from eating for days. For a ten inch pump, the improvement includes between fifteen (15) flutes and twenty-four (24) flutes. Each flute is about 0.625 inches wide w and over 0.5 inches deep d ending with 0.312 radius r and with the circumferential flow gap 25 spacing constructed and arranged to pass 40% or higher flow through the flutes 50. This design stops the spinning and reduces fish stress. The circumferential flow gap in the pump can be reduced to accommodate lift and proper flow. Water speed, rotation, swirl, and pressure changes constantly in a pumped flow system due to changes in flow direction, shape and surface conditions. Fish prefer to be upright and will stress and struggle, and often become damaged doing so trying to right themselves. An induced liquid flow is a reaction flow created by the low pressure area existing in the pump chamber, and is drawn into the pump through the fish inlet 40. The fish inlet 40, for the induced flow, is connected to a conduit (not shown) that can be into a body of liquid containing the fish or product to be transported. This conduit may be flexible for maneuverability. The velocity is directly related to the power of the primary intake and the degree of intermixing with the induced flow. By varying the flow profile around the circumferential flow gap and flutes, disruptions in flow can be corrected and controlled to improve fish condition and sea lice removal.

[0055] Applicant's U.S. Pat. No. 7,462,016, incorporated herein by reference, discloses a fish pump with flutes that were approximately 0.25 inch deep and 0.25 inches in radius. Sea lice can be removed by introducing salmon into the fish pump and providing a shear current past the fish from 2 to 5 meters per second. Variable flutes/scallops in the Coanda area of the pump allow performance that can accommodate shape and performance for different size fish and maximum sea lice removal.

[0056] OpenFoam software can accurately determine flow characteristics in a color format gauging speed, pressure and flow lines. FIGS. 5 to 8 depict water speed lines extracted from models from OpenFoam software ran on an Ohio State super computer to create displays showing how the uniform and unsymmetrical pump flutes modify disruption in flow from uneven pressures, or reshape the flow pattern for improving pump performance to remove sea lice. Laboratory pressures and flows confirm results. The lines represent water velocity flows as follows: Inside line 60 represents five meters per second; Center nine 62 represents nine meters per second; and the Outside line 64 represents twelve meters per second.

[0057] FIG. 5 displays constant velocity lines of a 10 inch pump modified with twenty (20) flutes 0.625 w2 inches wide and 0.625 inches deep d2, with a smaller gap to maintain constant primary pump flow for comparison. This is a more fish friendly pump, and there is still a higher velocity area at the top where the entrance water was introduced.

[0058] FIG. 6 illustrates constant velocity lines in a prior art 10 inch diameter pump having ten identical flutes, each spaced at 36 degrees 0.187 deep and 0.187 radius, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,462,016. This pump was known to remove up to 70% of sea lice from salmon as the fish were pumped through the housing. This pump was also very good at improving lift because of the fast water introduced into the far water field downstream of injection. Velocity lines demonstrate an environment that can allow water spinning, and thus fish stress and damage.

[0059] FIG. 7 displays constant water velocity lines for a modified 10 inch diameter pump with adjustments to 0.4 depth d3 at the top (0 degrees) and bottom (180 degrees) using a 0.5 depth d4 at 18, 172, 198, and 344 degrees further illustrated in FIG. 4B. This configuration more closely represents the profile of a fish passing upright during pumping. Positions that assimilate an adult fish passing help keep the fish in a predetermined position, thereby reducing irregularities and associated stress. There are other ways to adjust the pump flow unsymmetrical to achieve similar results with oval or curved shapes in the gap area.

[0060] FIG. 8 displays constant water velocity lines in a 10 inch diameter pump with the flutes at the top (0 degrees) and the bottom (180 degrees) reduced to 0.5 inches. This modification creates a nearly uniform velocity profile that can be changed with input primary water pressure to adjust for maximum fish output without fish damage.

[0061] The term about means, in general, the stated value plus or minus 5%. The use of the word a or an when used in conjunction with the term comprising in the claims and/or the specification may mean one, but it is also consistent with the meaning of one or more or at least one. The use of the term or in the claims is used to mean and/or unless explicitly indicated to refer to alternatives only or the alternatives are mutually exclusive, although the disclosure supports a definition that refers to only alternatives and and/or. The terms comprise (and any form of comprise, such as comprises and comprising), have (and any form of have, such as has and having), include (and any form of include, such as includes and including) and contain (and any form of contain, such as contains and containing) are open-ended linking verbs. As a result, a device that comprises, has, includes or contains one or more steps or elements, possesses those one or more steps or elements, but is not limited to possessing only those one or more elements.

[0062] It is to be understood that while a certain form of the invention is illustrated, it is not to be limited to the specific form or arrangement herein described and shown. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention and the invention is not to be considered limited to what is shown and described in the specification and any drawings/figures included herein.

[0063] One skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is well adapted to carry out the objectives and obtain the ends and advantages mentioned, as well as those inherent therein. The embodiments, methods, procedures and techniques described herein are presently representative of the preferred embodiments, are intended to be exemplary, and are not intended as limitations on the scope. Changes therein and other uses will occur to those skilled in the art which are encompassed within the spirit of the invention and are defined by the scope of the appended claims. Although the invention has been described in connection with specific preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the invention as claimed should not be unduly limited to such specific embodiments. Indeed, various modifications of the described modes for carrying out the invention which are obvious to those skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope of the following claims.