Device for preventing inadvertent selection of a parking lock function in a transmission

Abstract

A device and method for preventing inadvertent selection of a parking lock function in a 2-ratio transmission. Here, the shift positions of the transmission and the parking lock function thereof can be selected by way of a shift drum. A mechanically acting apparatus is provided which, in the event of rotation of the shift drum in a first direction of rotation, blocks the selection of a parking lock position of the shift drum, subsequently, in the event of rotation of the shift drum in a second direction of rotation opposite to the first direction of rotation, releases the blocking, and subsequently, in the first direction of rotation opposite to the second direction of rotation, permits selection of the parking lock position. The device does not require a separate parking lock wheel.

Claims

1. A device for preventing inadvertent selection of a parking lock function in a 2-ratio transmission, wherein shift positions of the transmission and the parking lock function of said transmission are configured to be selected by way of a shift drum, wherein a mechanically acting apparatus which, in the event of rotation of the shift drum in a first direction of rotation, blocks the selection of a parking lock position of the shift drum, subsequently, in the event of rotation of the shift drum in a second direction of rotation opposite to the first direction of rotation, the mechanically acting apparatus releases the blocking, and subsequently, in the first direction of rotation opposite to the second direction of rotation, permits selection of the parking lock position.

2. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mechanically acting apparatus blocks the selection of the parking lock position of the shift drum in a positively locking fashion.

3. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shift drum is rotated backward in the second direction of rotation by an angle of rotation which is smaller than an angle of rotation for attaining a shift position of the transmission.

4. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mechanically acting apparatus has a first base part and a second base part which are movable relative to one another, a flexible first stop which is mounted in the first base part, and second and third stops which are mounted in the second base part, wherein the second stop is mounted in the second base part so as to be displaceable to a limited extent in the directions of relative movement of the base parts, and the third stop is displaceable, perpendicularly to the directions of relative movement of the base parts, in the direction of the first base part and oppositely thereto, wherein, in the event of relative movement of the two base parts, the second stop is moved to a limited extent by way of by the first stop, and in the process, the third stop is deployed in the direction of the first base part, in such a way that, after limited movement of the second stop in the direction of the third stop, in the event of a further relative movement of the two base parts, the second stop is passed over by the first stop, and the third stop cannot be passed over by the first stop.

5. The device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the second stop has a projection which, during the movement of the second stop in the direction of the third stop, deploys the third stop in the direction of the first base part.

6. The device as claimed in claim 4, wherein a spring is configured to preload the third stop into a retracted position.

7. The device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first stop, when arranged between the second stop and third stop and in the event of a movement of the first stop and the second stop toward one another, pushes the second stop back to a limited extent, and the second stop releases the third stop, whereby the third stop retracts.

8. The device as claimed in claim 7, wherein, when the second stop has been pushed back and the third stop is retracted, the third stop is configured to be passed over by the first stop for the purposes of attaining the parking lock position of the shift drum.

9. The device as claimed in claim 7, wherein, proceeding from the parking lock position of the shift drum, the retracted third stop and the second stop are configured to be passed over by the first stop for the purposes of attaining a shift position of the transmission.

10. The device as claimed in claim 7, wherein, proceeding from the parking lock position of the shift drum, the retracted third stop and the second stop are configured to be passed over by the first stop for the purposes of attaining a shift position of a first transmission ratio of the transmission.

11. The device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first base part is a constituent part of the shift drum or is connected rotationally conjointly to the shift drum, and the second base part is static.

12. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two transmission ratios are configured to be shifted by way of one clutch and one shift claw.

13. The device as claimed in claim 12, wherein, in a first transmission ratio of the transmission, the clutch is open and the shift claw is closed, in a second transmission ratio of the transmission, the clutch is closed and the shift claw is open, and in the parking lock function of the transmission, the clutch and the shift claw are closed.

14. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shift drum is rotated backward in the second direction of rotation by an angle of rotation which is smaller than an angle of rotation for attaining a shift position of the first transmission ratio.

15. A method for preventing inadvertent selection of a parking lock function in a 2-ratio transmission, wherein shift positions of the transmission and the parking lock function of said transmission are configured to be selected by way of a shift drum, the method comprising the steps of: blocking a selection of a parking lock position of the shift drum in the event of rotation of the shift drum in a first direction of rotation, subsequently releasing the blocking in the event of rotation of the shift drum in a second direction of rotation opposite to the first direction of rotation, and subsequently permitting the selection of the parking lock position in the event of rotation of the shift drum in the first direction of rotation opposite to the second direction of rotation.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 shows, in a three-dimensional illustration, a shift drum, which forms a constituent part of the device according to aspects of the invention, for use with a 2-ratio transmission.

(2) FIG. 2 shows a diagram illustrating the developed view of the slotted guide arrangements of the shift drum for the shifting of the transmission ratios and of the parking lock function.

(3) FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the mechanically acting apparatus provided in the device for the purposes of limiting the shift drum travel, illustrated in an initial position of the shift drum corresponding to the engaged first transmission ratio,

(4) FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 show function sequences for the selection of the parking lock position of the shift drum proceeding from the state as per FIG. 3.

(5) FIG. 9 shows the initial position of the shift drum as per FIG. 3 proceeding from the parking lock position of the shift drum as per FIG. 8, thus with the first transmission ratio engaged.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(6) FIG. 1 shows a shift drum 2 which is rotatable about an axis 1 and which serves for the actuation of a 2-ratio transmission as part of an electrically driveable axle of a motor vehicle, in particular of a passenger motor vehicle. Said shift drum 2 has two slotted guides 3, 4, wherein in each case one shift pin 5 and 6 respectively engages into the associated slotted guide 3 and 4. The shift pin 5 serves for the actuation of a clutch, for example of a frictionally acting clutch. The shift pin 6 serves for the actuation of a further clutch, which is in the form of a shift claw. The frictionally acting clutch serves as a shift element for the second transmission ratio. The shift claw, which interacts with a freewheel, serves as shift element for the first transmission ratio. The freewheel acts only in one direction of rotation.

(7) FIG. 2 shows the shift states of frictionally acting clutch and shift claw. In the second transmission ratio, the frictionally acting clutch is situated in its closed position, and the shift claw is situated in its opened position. During traction operation in the first ratio, and when the transmission is in the neutral position, both the frictionally acting clutch and the shift claw are situated in their opened positions. In the first ratio, and thus also taking into consideration overrun operation, the frictionally acting clutch is situated in its opened position, and the shift claw is situated in its closed position. When the parking lock is engaged, and thus in the parking lock position of the shift drum, both the frictionally acting clutch and the shift claw are situated in their closed position. Said parking lock position of the shift drum 2 must not be inadvertently selected under any circumstances, in particular while the vehicle is in motion, because, in said position, the transmission as a whole is locked up. From this aspect, the apparatus for limiting the travel of the shift drum 2 will be described below, proceeding from the first ratio into the parking lock position of the shift drum 2.

(8) FIG. 3 shows, in greatly simplified form, a subregion of the shift drum 2, wherein the rotational movement of the shift drum 2 is indicated by a rectilinear movement as per arrow 8. A static part 7, for example a housing part, is arranged so as to be situated opposite the shift drum 2. The shift drum 2 can thus be moved relative to the static part 7 in the direction of the arrow 8 and oppositely, as per the arrow 9. A flexible first stop 10 is mounted in the shift drum 2. Said first stop is in the form of a spring pin, which has a spiral spring 11 mounted in the shift drum 2 and a stop ball 12 connected to said spiral spring. The spiral spring 11 is directed toward the static part 7, and the stop ball 12 connected to the spiral spring 11 is arranged with a small spacing to the static part 7. A second stop 13 and a third stop 14 are mounted in the static part 7. The second stop 13 extends through a guide slot 15 in the static part 7, wherein said guide slot 15 is oriented in the direction of the arrows 8, 9. The second stop 13 can thus be displaced in the direction of the arrows 8, 9 to a limited extent owing to the length of the guide slot 15. The third stop 14 is mounted in the static part 7 so as to be displaceable exclusively perpendicular to the direction of the arrows 8, 9, toward and away from the shift drum 2. The second stop 13 is equipped with a projection 16 which, proceeding from that region of the second stop 13 which is mounted in the static part 7, narrows conically toward the third stop 14. That surface 17 of the projection 16 which faces toward the static part 7 therefore does not run parallel to the static part 7. The illustration does not show spring means which act on the third stop 14 such that the third stop 14 is pressed against the surface 17 of the projection 16. The apparatus 18 described thus far and shown in FIG. 3 serves for limiting the travel of the shift drum 2 when the transmission is to be transferred into its parking lock function.

(9) FIG. 3 shows that, when the first transmission ratio is engaged, the first stop 10 is arranged on that side of the second stop 13 which is averted from the third stop 14. In the position shown, the second stop 13 and the third stop 14 do not extend over the spacing dimension 19 between shift drum 2 and static part 7, but only over a part of said spacing dimension. If, in order to attain the parking lock function of the transmission, the mechanically acting apparatus 18 is to be activated, the shift drum 2 is rotated out of the shift position of the first transmission ratio in the direction of the parking lock position of the shift drum 2, whereby, with regard to the illustrated drawing, the first stop 10 moves against the second stop 13 and pushes the latter forward in the direction of the third stop to the end of the guide slot 15. Here, the inclined surface 17 causes the third stop 14 to be pushed out until it makes contact with the shift drum 2 (FIG. 4).

(10) As the second stop 13 is pushed forward further, the spiral spring 11 is compressed, such that the stop ball 12 of the first stop 10 makes contact with the second stop on its side facing toward the shift drum 2 (FIG. 5).

(11) During the further movement of the shift drum 2 in the direction of the arrow 8, the flexible first stop 10 is moved past the second stop, and the first stop 10 relaxes into the space between the second stop 13 and the third stop 14. Owing to the third stop 14 being deployed under the action of the projection 16 of the second stop 13, the first stop 10 cannot pass the third stop 14 (FIG. 6).

(12) Therefore, the shift drum 2 is rotated backwards slightly in the opposite direction as per arrow 9, wherein the first stop moves the second stop backward until the latter assumes a position at the end of the guide slot 15. Since, in said position, the relatively thin end of the projection 16 is arranged in the region of the third stop 14, said third stop is moved backward into the retracted position under the action of the spring that is not shown (FIG. 7).

(13) In order to attain the parking lock position of the shift drum 2, said shift drum is moved in the opposite direction again, that is to say in the direction of the arrow 8, wherein the first stop 10 that is situated between the second stop 13 and the third stop 14 can then be moved over the retracted third stop correspondingly to the movement over the third stop 13 as per FIG. 3. FIG. 8 shows the parking lock position of the shift drum 2, in which the first stop 10 assumes a position far behind the third stop 14 in relation to the direction of the arrow 8.

(14) The shift drum 2 can be easily returned from its parking lock position into the position of the first transmission ratio. It is merely necessary, proceeding from the parking lock position of the shift drum 2 as per FIG. 8, for the shift drum 2 to be moved backward in the direction of the arrow 9, wherein the flexible first stop 10 can however be moved past the third stop 14 and then past the second stop 13 as illustrated in FIG. 3, but in the opposite direction.

(15) Thus, a mechanical apparatus 18 is proposed which, in a manner dependent on the movement direction or direction of rotation of the shift drum 2, initially prevents the selection of a certain shift drum position by way of a positively locking blockage, which can be activated by virtue of a certain position being passed over. A release of the shift drum 2 for the purposes of attaining the initially blocked position is realized in that the shift drum 2 must initially be moved backward from the blocked position through a certain travel or angle, and in the process, releases the locking action again by way of a passing-over action.

(16) The apparatus 18 that serves for limiting the travel of the shift drum 2 permits an activation of the parking lock only after enablement. Here, engagement is performed in particular into an additional shift drum track.

LIST OF REFERENCE DESIGNATIONS

(17) 1 Axis 2 Shift drum 3 Slotted guide 4 Slotted guide 5 Shift pin 6 Shift pin 7 Static part 8 Arrow 9 Arrow 10 First stop 11 Spiral spring 12 Stop ball 13 Second stop 14 Third stop 15 Guide slot 16 Projection 17 Surface 18 Apparatus 19 Spacing dimension