Binder of vegetable origin, compositions comprising same and method for reducing the amount of petroleum-based bitumen

Abstract

Disclosed is a binder of vegetable origin based on oil, modified vegetable resin and optionally a heat stabilizer. Also disclosed are leakproofing membrane compositions, soundproofing membrane compositions, liquid sealing system compositions, asphalt mix coating compositions, asphalt coating compositions, primer compositions, varnish compositions, mastic compositions, adhesive compositions or binder emulsion compositions which comprise said binder. In addition, a method is disclosed for reducing the amount of bitumen of petroleum origin in said compositions.

Claims

1. A binder of vegetable origin comprising: 30% to 50% of a plasticizing fraction comprising an oil; 50% to 70% of a structuring fraction comprising a modified vegetable resin; the % being % by weight relative to the weight of the binder; in which the modified vegetable resin is a phenolic terpene resin that has a softening point above 120 C. and a residual acidity of less than 50 milligrams of KOH per gram of phenolic terpene resin.

2. A binder according to claim 1, wherein the plasticizing fraction of the binder further comprises a heat stabilizer selected from phenolic antioxidants, aromatic amines, phosphites, thioesters, epoxidized soybean oil, tall-oil pitch, modified tall-oil pitch, and mixtures thereof.

3. A binder according to claim 1, wherein the oil of the plasticizing fraction of the binder is an unsaturated polyester oil.

4. A binder according to claim 1, wherein the modified vegetable resin has a softening point above 130 C.

5. A binder according to claim 1, wherein the modified vegetable resin has a residual acidity of less than 25 milligrams of KOH per gram of modified vegetable resin.

6. A binder according to claim 1, wherein said binder has a ring-and-ball temperature of from 30 to 40 C.

7. A binder according to claim 1, wherein said binder has a needle penetrability at 25 C. of from 170 to 300 tenths of one mm.

8. A leakproofing membrane composition comprising: the binder of vegetable origin according to claim 1; a polymer; a filler; optionally an additive.

9. A method for reducing the amount of bitumen of petroleum origin in a leakproofing membrane composition as described in claim 8, said method comprising the addition of a binder of vegetable origin to said composition as a replacement for a part or all of the bitumen of petroleum origin, wherein the binder of vegetable origin comprises: 30 to 50% of a plasticizing fraction comprising an oil; 50 to 70% of a structuring fraction comprising a modified vegetable resin; the % being % by weight relative to the weight of the binder; in which the modified vegetable resin is a phenolic terpene resin that has a softening point above 120 C. and a residual acidity of less than 50 milligrams of KOH per gram of phenolic terpene resin.

10. A soundproofing membrane composition comprising: the binder of vegetable origin according to claim 1; a filler; optionally a polymer; optionally an additive.

11. A method for reducing the amount of bitumen of petroleum origin in a soundproofing membrane composition as described in claim 10, said method comprising the addition of a binder of vegetable origin to said composition as a replacement for a part or all of the bitumen of petroleum origin, wherein the binder of vegetable origin comprises: 30 to 50% of a plasticizing fraction comprising an oil; 50 to 70% of a structuring fraction comprising a modified vegetable resin; the % being % by weight relative to the weight of the binder; in which the modified vegetable resin is a phenolic terpene resin that has a softening point above 120 C. and a residual acidity of less than 50 milligrams of KOH per gram of phenolic terpene resin.

12. A liquid sealing system composition comprising: the binder of vegetable origin according to claim 1; a solvent or polymerizable plasticizer; an additive; a prepolymer; optionally a filler.

13. A method for reducing the amount of bitumen of petroleum origin in a liquid sealing system composition as described in claim 12, said method comprising the addition of a binder of vegetable origin to said composition as a replacement for a part or all of the bitumen of petroleum origin, wherein the binder of vegetable origin comprises: 30 to 50% of a plasticizing fraction comprising an oil; 50 to 70% of a structuring fraction comprising a modified vegetable resin; the % being % by weight relative to the weight of the binder; in which the modified vegetable resin is a phenolic terpene resin that has a softening point above 120 C. and a residual acidity of less than 50 milligrams of KOH per gram of phenolic terpene resin.

14. An asphalt mix coating composition or asphalt coating composition comprising: the binder of vegetable origin according to claim 1; a polymer; a filler and/or aggregates; optionally an additive.

15. A method for reducing the amount of bitumen of petroleum origin in an asphalt mix coating composition as described in claim 14, said method comprising the addition of a binder of vegetable origin to said composition as a replacement for a part or all of the bitumen of petroleum origin, wherein the binder of vegetable origin comprises: 30 to 50% of a plasticizing fraction comprising an oil; 50 to 70% of a structuring fraction comprising a modified vegetable resin; the % being % by weight relative to the weight of the binder; in which the modified vegetable resin is a phenolic terpene resin that has a softening point above 120 C. and a residual acidity of less than 50 milligrams of KOH per gram of phenolic terpene resin.

16. A primer, varnish, mastic or adhesive composition comprising: the binder of vegetable origin according to claim 1; solvent; an additive; optionally a polymer; optionally a filler.

17. A method for reducing the amount of bitumen of petroleum origin in a primer, varnish, mastic, or adhesive composition as described in claim 16, said method comprising the addition of a binder of vegetable origin to said composition as a replacement for a part or all of the bitumen of petroleum origin, wherein the binder of vegetable origin comprises: 30 to 50% of a plasticizing fraction comprising an oil; 50 to 70% of a structuring fraction comprising a modified vegetable resin; the % being % by weight relative to the weight of the binder; in which the modified vegetable resin is a phenolic terpene resin that has a softening point above 120 C. and a residual acidity of less than 50 milligrams of KOH per gram of phenolic terpene resin.

18. A binder emulsion composition comprising: the binder of vegetable origin according to claim 1; a surfactant; a polymer; water; optionally an additive.

19. A method for reducing the amount of bitumen of petroleum origin in a binder emulsion composition as described in claim 18, said method comprising the addition of a binder of vegetable origin to said composition as a replacement for a part or all of the bitumen of petroleum origin, wherein the binder of vegetable origin comprises: 30 to 50% of a plasticizing fraction comprising an oil; 50 to 70% of a structuring fraction comprising a modified vegetable resin; the % being % by weight relative to the weight of the binder; in which the modified vegetable resin is a phenolic terpene resin that has a softening point above 120 C. and a residual acidity of less than 50 milligrams of KOH per gram of phenolic terpene resin.

Description

EXAMPLES

(1) In the description and the examples below, the following methods were used.

(2) Ring-and-Ball Temperature (RBT) or Softening Point

(3) The RBT (or softening point) is measured according to standard NF EN 1427, June 2007. The test material is placed in copper rings. The rings are placed in an RBTmeter. A metal ball is placed at the surface of the rings which are heated until the ball passes through the ring. The temperature at which the ball passes through is the RBT.

(4) Needle Penetrability at 25 C. (Penetrability)

(5) The penetrability is measured according to standard NF EN 1426, December 1999. The test material is stored at 25 C. and the penetration into the sample, after a period of 5 seconds, of a needle with a diameter at the tip of 0.14 to 0.16 mm, the weight of which with its support is 100 g, is measured with a needle penetrometer. The penetrability is expressed in tenths of one millimeter.

(6) Cold Pliability or Flexibility

(7) The pliability is measured according to standard NF EN 1109, 1999. A test specimen having a thickness of 2 mm is formed with a film drawer. The susceptibility of the test specimen to cracking under the effect of folding at low temperatures is determined. The lowest temperature at which the test specimen can be folded around a mandrel of 30 mm in diameter is thus sought.

(8) Elastic Extension or Set

(9) This is the ability of a material to return to its initial size after having undergone an elongation followed by a relaxation. The set is the residual deformation after relaxation. A test specimen having a thickness of 2 mm is formed with a film drawer. Said test specimen is subjected to a given elongation over 24 h. The test specimen is then placed on a non-stick support for 24 h.

(10) For a mixture having undergone no aging step, the elongation is fixed at 200% for 24 h. For a mixture having undergone accelerated aging for 6 months at 70 C., the elongation is fixed at 25% for 24 h.

(11) Water Uptake

(12) The water uptake is measured in the following way. A test specimen having a thickness of 2 mm is formed with a film drawer. Said test specimen is immersed in water. The test specimen is removed from the water regularly, for example every 2 weeks, dried and weighed. The initial weight before immersion and the weight after immersion are compared. The difference in mass is attributed to a water uptake by the test specimen. The test specimen is placed in the water again and this test is reproduced until the mass of the immersed test specimen stabilizes. This test is carried out at ambient temperature.

(13) In the examples below, the following commercial products and acronyms were used:

(14) Dertophene DP1104: modified vegetable resin of phenolic terpene type, said resin having a softening point of 140 C., and a residual acidity corresponding to an acid number of less than 1 mg of KOH per gram of product, and being available from the company DRT.

(15) Radia 7171: pentaerythritol tetraoleate-based unsaturated polyester oil sold by the company OLEON.

(16) TPU: thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer as described in patent EP 1 398 409 in the name of SOPREMA, said TPU being obtained by reaction between: a polyester polyol having a molar mass of 3000 g/mol and a functionality of 2; an MD1 having a functionality of 2; 1,4-butanediol.

(17) BL200: calcium carbonate having a particle size of between 8 and 200 micrometers.

Example 1: Binder of Vegetable Origin According to the Invention

(18) Oil and modified vegetable resin are introduced into a mixer in the proportions indicated as percentage by weight relative to the weight of the binder in table 1 below. The mixture is heated at 170 C. for 30 minutes.

(19) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Oil Modified vegetable resin (%) (%) Binder 1 Radia 7171 Dertophene DP1104 (65%) (35%) Binder 2 Radia 7171 Granolite DP1105 (50%) (50%) Binder 3 Radia 7171 Dertophene DP1104 (40%) (60%)

(20) Table 2 below gives the ring-and-ball temperature (RBT) and the needle penetrability at 25 C. (penetrability) of binder 3 according to the invention and of a bitumen of petroleum origin of grade 160-220.

(21) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Bitumen of petroleum origin of grade 160-220 Binder 3 (comparative) RBT 34 35-43 ( C.) Penetrability 178 160-220 at 25 C. ( 1/10 mm)

(22) Binder 3 exhibits a behavior similar to a bitumen of petroleum origin having a grade between 70-100 and 160-220. Indeed, these two compositions have a similar RBT and a similar needle penetrability at 25 C. The viscosity of binder 3 is satisfactory for the applications envisaged.

Example 2 (Comparative): Influence of the Softening Point and the Acid Number of the Modified Vegetable Resin on the Properties of the Binder

(23) The softening point and the acid number of the vegetable resins used in this example are collated in table 3 below.

(24) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Softening point Acid number Resin Type ( C.) (mg KOH/g) Dertophene Phenolic terpene resin 140-150 1 DP1104 Resigral 52 Disproportionated rosin* 75-90 140-170 Colophane Rosin fortified with fumaric 150 300 25 AF acid Dertophene Phenolic terpene resin 105 1 T 105 *rosin modified by chemical reagents to improve its thermal stability by modifying the proportion of its different isomers

(25) Oil and modified vegetable resin are introduced into a mixer in the proportions indicated as percentage by weight relative to the weight of the binder in table 4 below. The mixture is heated at 170 C. for 30 minutes.

(26) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Oil Modified vegetable resin (%) (%) Binder 3 Radia 7171 Dertophene DP1104 (according to (40%) (60%) the invention) Binder 4 Radia 7171 Resigral 52 (comparative) (40%) (60%) Binder 5 Radia 7171 Colophane 25 AF (comparative) (40%) (60%) Binder 6 Radia 7171 Dertophene T 105 (comparative) (40%) (60%)

(27) Table 5 below gives the ring-and-ball temperature (RBT) and the needle penetrability at 25 C. (penetrability) of binders 3 to 6 and of a bitumen of petroleum origin of grade 160-220.

(28) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 RBT Penetrability at 25 C. ( C.) ( 1/10 mm) Binder 3 34 178 (according to the invention) Binder 4 not characterizable-very soft mixture (comparative) Binder 5 85 6 (comparative) Binder 6 not characterizable-very soft mixture (comparative) Bitumen of 35-43 160-220 petroleum origin of grade 160-220 (comparative)

(29) Only binder 3 comprising a modified vegetable resin having a softening point above 120 C. and an acid number of less than 50 mg KOH/g exhibits a behavior similar to a bitumen of petroleum origin having a grade between 70-100 and 160-220. Indeed, if the resin has a softening point below 120 C., the binder is too soft and cannot be characterized. Furthermore, if the resin has a softening point below 120 C. but an acid number of greater than 50 mg KOH/g, the resulting binder has an RBT which is too high and a penetrability which is too low compared with a bitumen of petroleum origin of grade 160-220.

Example 3: Leakproofing Membrane Composition Comprising the Binder of Vegetable Origin According to the Invention

(30) A binder prepared in example 1, a polymer and a filler are introduced into a mixer in the proportions indicated as percentage by weight relative to the weight of the composition in table 6 below. The mixture is heated at 170 C. for 60 minutes.

(31) TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Composition 1 Binder Binder 3 (%) (33.7%) Polymer TPU (%) (22.1%) Filler BL200 (%) (44.2%)

(32) Table 7 below gives the measurements of RBT, penetrability, pliability and water uptake of composition 1.

(33) TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Composition 1 Specifications RBT 120 120 ( C.) Penetrability 25 C. 47 20-60 ( 1/10 mm) Pliability 30 <20 ( C.) Water uptake 35 days after immersion 0.6 <2 (%)

(34) According to table 8 below, this composition also has very good performance levels after aging (24 weeks at 70 C.) according to standard NF EN 1296.

(35) TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Composition 1 after aging Specifications RBT 101 100 ( C.) Pliability 10 <5 ( C.)

(36) It is understood that the examples and embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only. Unless clearly excluded by the context, all embodiments disclosed for one aspect of the invention can be combined with embodiments disclosed for other aspects of the invention, in any suitable combination. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.