Pitch system locking arrangement

Abstract

A rotor of a wind turbine is disclosed with a pitch system locking arrangement to lock the position of a wind turbine rotor blade. A rotor comprises a rotor hub and a rotor blade, whereby the rotor blade is connected to the hub via a bearing, to be rotatable in respect to the hub in a pitch movement. The rotor blade comprises a root section, and the root section comprises a plate, that at least partially covers the cross section of the rotor blade. A certain predetermined rotational position of the rotor blade with respect to the hub is a locked position. The hub includes a locking pawl. The plate comprises an opening, and the locking pawl is at least partially located in the opening of the plate, when the rotor blade is in the locked position.

Claims

1. A rotor of a wind turbine with a pitch system locking arrangement to lock the position of a wind turbine rotor blade, comprising: a rotor having a rotor hub and a rotor blade, wherein the rotor blade is connected to the hub via a bearing, to be rotatable with respect to the hub in a pitch movement, wherein the rotor blade includes a root section, and the root section includes a plate, that at least partially covers the cross section of the rotor blade, whereby a predetermined rotational position of the rotor blade with respect to the hub is a locked position, wherein the hub comprises a locking pawl, wherein the plate has an opening and the locking pawl is at least partially located in the opening of the plate, when the rotor blade is in the locked position, wherein the opening further comprises a ramp for the locking pawl to slide along, so that the locking pawl can slide out of the opening in one rotational direction of the rotor blade with respect to the hub, and wherein the plate directly abuts on the surface of the locking pawl such that forces from the locking pawl are applied directly to a side wall of the opening in the plate, the direction of application of the forces from the locking pawl being only in a plane defined by the plate such that the forces from the locking pawl applied to the plate do not cause any out-of-plane bending moments to occur in the plate.

2. The rotor of a wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the plate at the root section is a reinforcement plate, to reinforce the bearing.

3. The rotor of a wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the locking pawl further comprises a longitudinal axis that is arranged vertical with respect to the plate, and that the locking pawl is movable along the longitudinal axis, to be moved into and be retracted from the opening in the plate.

4. The rotor of a wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the locking pawl further comprises a spring, to push the locking pawl in the direction of the plate along a longitudinal axis of the locking pawl.

5. The rotor of a wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the locking pawl further comprises an actuator to move the locking pawl along a longitudinal axis of the locking pawl.

6. The rotor of a wind turbine according to claim 5, wherein the actuator is a hydraulic actuator.

7. The rotor of a wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the locking pawl acts as a lock, to arrest the position of the locking pawl in the opening in the plate.

8. The rotor of a wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the plate comprises at least a second opening to achieve a plurality of locked positions of the rotor blade.

9. The rotor of a wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the opening in the plate is closed by a cover, whereby the cover is displaced in a direction vertical to the plate, to allow the locking pawl to be present in the opening of the plate.

10. The rotor of a wind turbine according to claim 9, wherein the cover further comprises the ramp for the locking pawl to slide along.

11. The rotor of a wind turbine according to claim 10, wherein the opening in the plate is a first opening; wherein the plate further comprises at least a second opening, and wherein only the first opening comprises the cover with the ramp.

12. The rotor of a wind turbine according to claim 11, wherein the cover further comprises a sensor to sense the presence of the locking pawl in the first opening of the plate.

13. The rotor of a wind turbine according to claim 12, wherein the sensor is an electric sensor.

14. A method to lock the pitch position of a rotor blade at a rotor, whereby the method comprises the steps of: providing a rotor having a hub; rotating the rotor blade with respect to the hub in pitch movement; providing a locking pawl and a plate having an opening; introducing the locking pawl into the opening in the plate of the rotor blade to lock the rotational position of the rotor blade with respect to the hub such that the locking pawl applies forces to a side wall of the plate only in a direction along a plane defined by the plate such that the forces from the locking pawl applied to the plate do not cause any out-of-plane bending moments to occur in the plate; and providing a ramp in the opening for the locking pawl to slide along, so that the locking pawl can slide out of the opening in one rotational direction of the rotor blade with respect to the hub.

15. The method to lock the pitch position of a rotor blade at a rotor according claim 14, whereby the locking pawl comprises a spring to move the locking pawl along its longitudinal axis into the opening in the plate, and the method comprises the additional step of: pushing the locking pawl into the opening in the plate by using the force of the spring.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION

(1) Some of the embodiments will be described in detail, with reference to the following figures, wherein like designations denote like members, wherein:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a pitch drive of a rotor blade;

(3) FIG. 2 shows a crosscut through the pitch lock system;

(4) FIG. 3 shows a crosscut through the pitch lock system; and

(5) FIG. 4 shows the pitch lock of the state of the art.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(6) FIG. 1 shows a pitch drive system for a rotor blade. The pitch drive system comprises a hydraulic cylinder 3 that is at its one end connected to the hub 1 and at its other end connected to the reinforcement plate 2 by a connection point 4.

(7) The reinforcement plate 2 is connected to the rotor blade and is rotatable together with the rotor blade with respect to the hub 1. When the hydraulic cylinder 3 expands, it implies a force into the connection point 4 between the hydraulic cylinder 3 and the reinforcement plate 2, and rotates the reinforcement plate 2 in respect to the hub 1.

(8) To arrest the pitch of the rotor blade in a certain position in the case of an emergency, a locking system for the pitch has to be provided.

(9) The locking system for the pitch comprises a pitch lock 5 that is connected to a support 6 to the hub 1 of the wind turbine. The pitch lock 5 comprises a drive and a locking pawl.

(10) To secure a position of the rotor blade at a certain pitch angle, the locking pawl is moved into an opening in the reinforcement plate by the drive of the pitch lock system.

(11) The reinforcement plate 2 of the pitch system comprises an opening 7, 9 to interact with the locking pawl of the pitch lock 5. The openings 7, 9 in the reinforcement plate 2 are through-going openings that allow the locking pawl of the pitch lock 5 to be at least partially moved through the reinforcement plate 2.

(12) When the locking pawl of the pitch lock 5 is moved through the first opening 7 and/or a second opening 9 of the reinforcement plate 2, a further rotational movement of the reinforcement plate 2 in respect to the hub 1 is prevented.

(13) The opening 7 in the reinforcement plate 2 is a longish opening that comprises a ramp 8. The locking pawl of the pitch lock 5 is spring loaded and the ramp 8 of the opening 7 allows the locking pawl to move out of the opening 7 in one direction.

(14) The opening 9 and the reinforcement plate 2 is not equipped with a ramp, thus once the locking pawl of the pitch lock 5 is arrested in the opening 9, the locking pawl has to be actively removed from the opening 9 to allow a further rotational movement of the reinforcement plate 2 in respect to the hub 1.

(15) FIG. 2 shows a crosscut through the pitch lock 5, the reinforcement plate 2 and the opening 7 for the pitch lock 5.

(16) The reinforcement plate 2 is connected to the inner ring of the pitch bearing 10 of the rotor blade. Thus, the reinforcement plate 2 is rotatable together with the rotor blade.

(17) The outer ring of the pitch bearing 10 is connected to the hub 1 of the wind turbine. Thus, the reinforcement plate 2 is rotatable in respect to the hub 1 of the wind turbine.

(18) To secure the rotor blade in a stop position in the case of an emergency, a further rotational movement of the reinforcement plate 2 in respect to the hub 1 is prevented by introducing the locking pawl 20 of the pitch lock 5 into the opening 7 in the reinforcement plate 2.

(19) The pitch lock 5 is connected by a support structure 6 to the hub 1. The pitch lock 5 comprises a drive and a locking pawl 20. The drive is used to move the locking pawl 20 in the direction of its longitudinal axis into the opening 7 of the reinforcement plate 2.

(20) The opening 7 in the reinforcement plate 2 comprises a ramp 8 to allow the locking pawl 20 of the pitch lock system to move out of the opening 7 in one direction only.

(21) The opening 7 in the reinforcement plate 2 is covered by a cover plate 11. The cover plate 11 closes the space of the rotor blade in respect to the hub 1 to prevent oil, grease or loose objects from the hub to enter the rotor blade, or vice versa.

(22) The cover plate 11 can be a sealed plate.

(23) FIG. 3 shows a crosscut through the pitch lock system 5.

(24) The pitch lock system 5 comprises a locking pawl 20 that interacts with the opening 9 in the reinforcement plate 2. The locking pawl 20 within the pitch lock system 5 is actively moved by a drive and in addition, passively moved by a spring 19.

(25) In the case of an emergency, the spring 19 pushes the locking pawl 20 into the opening 9 to lock the pitch position of the rotor blade in a stopped position.

(26) The locking pawl 20 of the pitch lock system interacts with the opening 9 in the reinforcement plate 2. It prevents a further rotational movement of the rotor blade by inducing a force into the reinforcement plate 2. The force is induced into the reinforcement plate 2 in the plane of the reinforcement plate 2.

(27) Thus, no lever force is present between the locking pawl 20 of the pitch lock 5 and the reinforcement plate 2. Thus, no bending moments are induced into the reinforcement plate 2 by the pitch lock 5.

(28) The opening 9 in the reinforcement plate 2 is covered by a cover plate 11. The cover plate 11 seals the space within the rotor blade and thus prevents the movement of spill oil, grease or loose objects from the rotor blade into the hub of the wind turbine, or vice versa. In addition, the cover plate 11 limits the movement of the locking pawl 20 of the pitch lock 5.

(29) The cover plate 11 can also be equipped with a sensor, such as sensor 30 shown in FIG. 3, to detect that the locking pawl 20 of the pitch lock 5 is present in the opening 9 of the reinforcement plate 2. The sensor 30 may be an electric sensor.

(30) FIG. 4 shows a pitch lock system of the state of the art. The pitch lock 15 interacts with two blocks 18 that are connected to the reinforcement plate 12.

(31) In the case of an emergency, thus in the case when the angular position of the rotor blade needs to be arrested in a stop position, a locking pawl is extended from the pitch lock 15. The locking pawl is spring loaded and can move up the ramps 18 and lock itself into the gap between the blocks 18 to lock the position of the rotor blade.

(32) The locking pawl interacts with the sides of the block 18 that are connected to the reinforcement plate 12. Thus, the force induced by the locking pawl of the pitch lock 15 into the reinforcement plate 12 is induced over a lever that is made up by the sides of the blocks 18.

(33) The lever at the sides of the block 18 leads to a bending moment that is induced into the reinforcement plate 12. The reinforcement 12 has to be planned to be ridged enough to withstand the bending moments induced by the lever of the sides of the block 18.

(34) The illustration in the drawings is in schematic form. It is noted that in different figures, similar or identical elements are provided with the same reference signs.

(35) Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited by the disclosed examples, and that numerous additional modifications and variations could be made thereto by a person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

(36) It should be noted that the use of a or an throughout this application does not exclude a plurality, and comprising does not exclude other steps or elements. Also elements described in association with different embodiments may be combined. It should also be noted that reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.