Abstract
An equalizing beam for receiving formwork elements, in particular formwork panels, having an outer beam having a support surface facing upwards when applied and a base surface facing downwards when applied, and at least one inner beam having an additional support surface facing upwards when applied and an additional base surface facing downwards when applied. The equalizing beam further includes at least one immobilizing element. The outer beam has a recess running in its longitudinal direction for receiving the inner beam and the inner beam is movably mounted in the recess of the outer beam. The immobilizing element is provided to secure the position of the inner beam relative to the outer beam. A ceiling formwork system including at least one equalizing beam and at least two supports which are arranged essentially at a right angle to the equalizing beam.
Claims
1. An equalizing beam for receiving formwork elements, comprising: an outer beam which has a support surface facing upwards when applied and a base surface facing downwards when applied, at least one inner beam which has an additional support surface facing upwards when applied and an additional base surface facing downwards when applied, at least one immobilizing element, wherein the outer beam has a recess running in its longitudinal direction for receiving the inner beam and the inner beam is movably mounted in the recess of the outer beam, and the immobilizing element is provided to immobilize the position of the inner beam relative to the outer beam, wherein said immobilizing is carried out detachably by the immobilizing element and the immobilizing element penetrates the outer beam and the inner beam at least partially during immobilization, and wherein the support surface and the additional support surface are arranged in a common plane which delimits the equalizing beam at the top when applied, and wherein at least two support interfaces for connecting to a support are arranged on the base surface and at least one support interface is arranged on the additional base surface, wherein the outer beam has at least one coupling and a coupling seat, wherein the coupling and the coupling seat are arranged on opposite side surfaces of the outer beam, wherein the side surfaces of the outer beam are surfaces which are arranged at an angle, to the support surface and to the base surface, wherein the outer geometry of the coupling is smaller than or equal to the inner geometry of the coupling seat and thus the coupling of an equalizing beam can be inserted into the coupling seat of a further equalizing beam and thus two equalizing beams can be connected to one another.
2. The equalizing beam according to claim 1, wherein the outer beam is designed to be rod-shaped and comprises two front ends at opposite ends of the outer beam, wherein each of said front ends has an insertion opening which is connected to the recess and the inner beam is insertable into the outer beam through said insertion openings at both front ends.
3. The equalizing beam according to claim 1, wherein the support surface extends over the entire length of the outer beam and the additional support surface extends over the entire length of the inner beam and the support surface and the additional support surface are provided for directly supporting one or more formwork elements.
4. The equalizing beam according to claim 1, wherein the equalizing beam further comprises a fastening strip which at least partially has the same shape in cross-section as the inner beam and the fastening strip can be inserted into the recess of the outer beam, wherein the recess has an undercut on its side facing the support surface, which secures the fastening strip against a movement in the direction of the support surface when applied.
5. The equalizing beam according to claim 4, wherein the fastening strip has a fastening surface facing upwards when applied, wherein the fastening surface is flush with the support surface when inserted into the outer beam or the fastening surface is set back relative to the support surface.
6. The equalizing beam according to claim 1, wherein the inner beam has a plurality of immobilizing openings which are arranged to be spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction on the inner beam and the outer beam has at least one immobilizing guide, wherein the immobilizing element for immobilizing the position of the inner beam in the outer beam is introduced at least partially into the immobilizing guide and one of the immobilizing openings.
7. The equalizing beam according to claim 6, wherein the immobilizing openings and the immobilizing guide are designed as cylindrical openings and the immobilizing element is at least partially designed as a cylindrical pin.
8. The equalizing beam according to claim 6, wherein the immobilizing openings are designed as cylindrical openings and the immobilizing guide is designed as an elongated hole and the immobilizing element is at least partially designed as a cylindrical pin.
9. The equalizing beam according to claim 1, wherein the coupling has a cylindrical outer cross-section and the coupling seat has a rectangular inner cross-section.
10. The equalizing beam according to claim 1, wherein the coupling seat has at least one securing element and the coupling has at least one securing seat, wherein the securing element can be meshed with the securing seat after the coupling of an equalizing beam has been introduced into the coupling seat of a further equalizing beam and in the introduced state, a separation of the coupling and the coupling seat is prevented.
11. The equalizing beam according to claim 1, wherein the coupling and the coupling seat protrude at a right angle over the respective side surfaces of the outer beam.
12. The equalizing beam according to claim 1, wherein a coupling and a coupling seat are arranged on each side surface of the outer beam, wherein the coupling is arranged on the first side surface opposite the coupling seat on the second side surface and the coupling seat is arranged on the first side surface opposite the coupling on the second side surface.
13. The equalizing beam according to claim 1, wherein the outer beam is formed by a profile element, wherein the profile element has at least two chambers which are arranged one above the other when applied.
14. The equalizing beam according to claim 13, wherein the outer beam formed by a profile element has a third chamber which is arranged below the two chambers when applied.
15. The equalizing beam according to claim 13, wherein the support interfaces of the outer beam are arranged on or in the second chamber or on or in the third chamber, in particular wherein the support interfaces have regions which are formed by recesses or projections of the third chamber.
16. The equalizing beam according to claim 1, wherein the inner beam has at least two rods extending in its longitudinal direction, which are spaced apart from one another and which are connected at their ends by end elements.
17. The equalizing beam according to claim 16, wherein the at least one support interface of the inner beam is arranged on one of the end elements.
18. The equalizing beam according to claim 1, wherein at least one transverse connector is provided which has two opposite ends, at each of which a connection is provided and the outer beam has at least one transverse connector interface that can be connected to the connection on the first side of the transverse connector and the connection can be connected on the second side of the transverse connector to the transverse connector interface of a further equalizing beam, resulting in two or more equalizing beams being connectable at a distance from one another.
19. A ceiling formwork system, comprising: at least one equalizing beam according to claim 1, at least two supports which are arranged essentially at a right angle to the equalizing beam, wherein the supports each have a support head and the support head of each support is connected to a support interface of the outer beam.
20. The ceiling formwork system according to claim 19, wherein the support head of the support has at least one head seat which interlockingly receives at least partial regions of the support interface, wherein the at least one head seat receives at least one recess or at least one projection of the support interface in an interlocking manner.
21. The ceiling formwork system according to claim 19, wherein a third support is provided, the support head of which is connected to the support interface of the inner beam.
22. The ceiling formwork system according to claim 19, wherein at least two equalizing beams are provided which are each connected to the support heads of supports at at least two support interfaces, wherein the coupling of one equalizing beam is connected to the coupling seat of the second or further equalizing beam.
23. An equalizing beam for receiving formwork elements, comprising: an outer beam which has a support surface facing upwards when applied and a base surface facing downwards when applied, at least one inner beam which has an additional support surface facing upwards when applied and an additional base surface facing downwards when applied, at least one immobilizing element, wherein the outer beam has a recess running in its longitudinal direction for receiving the inner beam and the inner beam is movably mounted in the recess of the outer beam, and the immobilizing element is provided to immobilize the position of the inner beam relative to the outer beam, wherein said immobilizing is carried out detachably by the immobilizing element and the immobilizing element penetrates the outer beam and the inner beam at least partially during immobilization, and wherein the support surface and the additional support surface are arranged in a common plane which delimits the equalizing beam at the top when applied, and wherein at least two support interfaces for connecting to a support are arranged on the base surface and at least one support interface is arranged on the additional base surface, wherein the outer beam is formed by a profile element, wherein the profile element has at least two chambers which are arranged one above the other when applied, wherein the inner beam has at least two rods extending in its longitudinal direction, which are spaced apart from one another and which are connected at their ends by end elements.
24. An equalizing beam for receiving formwork elements, comprising: an outer beam which has a support surface facing upwards when applied and a base surface facing downwards when applied, at least one inner beam which has an additional support surface facing upwards when applied and an additional base surface facing downwards when applied, at least one immobilizing element, wherein the outer beam has a recess running in its longitudinal direction for receiving the inner beam and the inner beam is movably mounted in the recess of the outer beam, and the immobilizing element is provided to immobilize the position of the inner beam relative to the outer beam, wherein said immobilizing is carried out detachably by the immobilizing element and the immobilizing element penetrates the outer beam and the inner beam at least partially during immobilization, and wherein the support surface and the additional support surface are arranged in a common plane which delimits the equalizing beam at the top when applied, and wherein at least two support interfaces for connecting to a support are arranged on the base surface and at least one support interface is arranged on the additional base surface, wherein the outer beam is formed by a profile element, wherein the profile element has at least two chambers which are arranged one above the other when applied, wherein the outer beam formed by a profile element has a third chamber which is arranged below the two chambers when applied, wherein the outer beam comprises at least one eyelet element which is movably and securably arranged in the base surface, wherein the eyelet element is at least partially arranged in the third chamber.
Description
(1) The figures schematically show embodiments of the invention, in which
(2) FIG. 1 shows a perspective depiction of an embodiment of an equalizing beam according to the invention;
(3) FIG. 2 is a plan view of two embodiments of an equalizing beam according to the invention;
(4) FIG. 3 is a perspective partial view of the outer beam of an embodiment of an equalizing beam according to the invention;
(5) FIG. 4 is a perspective partial view of an embodiment of an equalizing beam according to the invention connected to a support head;
(6) FIG. 5 shows a perspective depiction of an embodiment of a ceiling formwork system according to the invention;
(7) FIG. 6 shows a perspective simplified depiction of an embodiment of a ceiling formwork system according to the invention.
(8) In the figures, the same elements are denoted with the same reference signs. In general, the described properties of an element which are described for one figure also apply to the other figures. Directional information, such as above or below, refers to the figure described and can be transferred analogously to other figures.
(9) FIG. 1 shows a perspective depiction of an embodiment of an equalizing beam 1 according to the invention. The equalizing beam 1 comprises an outer beam 11 which in the drawing faces towards the right rear. An inner beam 12 is movably mounted in the outer beam 11. The outer beam 11 is formed by a profile element made of a metal material. In this case, the profile element which forms the outer beam 11 of the depicted embodiment comprises two chambers which are arranged one above the other. In the depiction in FIG. 1, the equalizing beam 1 is oriented as applied at the construction site or in the installed state in a ceiling formwork system 100. The surface delimiting the outer beam 11 at the top is the support surface 111. Said support surface 111 extends over the entire length of the outer beam 11 on both sides of the recess which receives the inner beam 12. When applied, formwork elements are placed directly on the support surface 111. The surface delimiting the outer beam 11 at the bottom is the base surface 112 which is covered up in the depiction in FIG. 1. The base surface 112 is the surface which is provided for connecting to supports 2 which deflect the load from the equalizing beam 1. A support interface S is arranged on the base surface 112 at the end of the outer beam 11 facing forward towards the observer and at its opposite end. Said support interfaces S are provided for directly or indirectly connecting the equalizing beam to supports which have a support head 21 that matches the support interfaces S. In general, it is possible to introduce loads into supports positioned at any point over the entire base surface 112 which also extends over the entire length of the outer beam 11. The two support interfaces S are provided for an at least partially interlocking connection to special supports of the ceiling formwork system 100. Additionally or alternatively, supports which have a planar surface facing upwards without a special interface can be arranged at all other points on the base surface 112, for example, between the support interfaces S. The equalizing beam 1 can thus also be combined with simple aids for constructing a ceiling formwork. In its interior, the outer beam 11 has a recess oriented in the longitudinal direction. In the depicted case, said recess is formed by two profile chambers. At each of its two end faces, the outer beam has an insertion opening which is connected to the recess. In the depicted case, the inner beam 12 is inserted into the outer beam 11 through the insertion opening facing towards the front left. Alternatively, the inner beam 12 could also be inserted at the opposite end of the outer beam 11. The inner beam 12 is delimited at the top by an additional support surface 121 which extends over the entire length of the inner beam 12. On its downward-facing side, the inner beam is delimited by the additional base surface 122 which also extends over the entire length of the inner beam 12. A further support interface S is arranged on the additional base surface 122 at the front end of the inner beam facing the observer. The inner beam 12 comprises two rods 124a and 124b aligned parallel to and spaced apart from one another. These rods 124a, 124b are connected at their two ends by end elements 124c. The additional support surface 121 is arranged on the upper rod 124a. A plurality of immobilizing openings 123, which herein are designed as round bores, is located in the lower rod 124b. The immobilizing openings 123 are arranged at a regular distance from one another and are used to detachably immobilize the inner beam 12 in the outer beam 11. An immobilizing guide 113 designed as an elongated hole is arranged on the outer beam 11. Said immobilizing guide 113 is located in one of the two side surfaces which are each arranged at a right angle to the support surface 111 and to the base surface 112. The immobilizing element 13 which herein is designed as a cylindrical pin is inserted into the immobilizing guide 113 and one of the immobilizing openings 123. The immobilizing element 13, in combination with the immobilizing opening 123 and the immobilizing guide 113, establishes a connection between the outer beam 11 and the inner beam 12. As a result, the outer beam 11 and the inner beam 12 can be immobilized relative to one another. The immobilizing element 13 is movable in the longitudinal direction of the beams over the length of the immobilizing guide 113 designed as an elongated hole. As a result, a fine adjustment of the length of the equalizing beam 1 is possible when the immobilizing element 13 is introduced. Of course, the immobilizing guide 113 can also be designed as a cylindrical hole, in which case, however, no fine adjustment of the length of the equalizing beam 1 is possible. On the side face facing forward towards the observer, a coupling 114 is arranged at the front end of the outer beam 11, which is formed by a welded-on pipe piece with a circular outer cross-section. At the end of the outer beam facing towards the rear, a coupling seat 115 is attached to the same side surface, which is formed by a welded-on pipe piece with a square internal cross-section. The coupling 114 and the coupling seat 115 are used to connect two or more equalizing beams 1 to one another. A coupling 114 and a coupling seat 115 can also be present on the opposite side surface of the outer beam 12. At the end of the outer beam 12 facing towards the rear, a fastening strip 14 is inserted into the recess. This fastening strip 14 has an upwardly oriented fastening surface 141. In the inserted state of the fastening strip 14, said fastening surface 141 is set back slightly with respect to the support surface 111. The fastening strip 14 is movable within the recess of the outer beam 12 and used to immobilize or fasten formwork elements which are placed on the equalizing beam 1. In this case, the fastening strip 14 is made of plastic. For fastening formwork elements on the equalizing beam 1, nails can be driven through the formwork elements into the fastening strip 14. Alternatively, regions of the support surface 111 can also be designed such that nails for fastening formwork elements can be driven directly into said regions of the support surface 111.
(10) FIG. 2 is a plan view of two embodiments of an equalizing beam 1 according to the invention. The equalizing beam 1 shown above corresponds to the equalizing beam 1 shown in FIG. 1. On the side surface facing downwards in the depiction, a coupling seat 115 is arranged on the left end of the outer beam 11 and a coupling 114 is arranged on the right end of the outer beam 11. The equalizing beam 1 shown at the bottom in FIG. 2 also has a coupling 114 and a coupling seat 115, wherein, however, these two elements are arranged, in terms of the equalizing beam 1 shown above, on the opposite side surface. In contrast to the equalizing beam 1 shown above, the coupling 114 in the equalizing beam 1 shown below is arranged on the left end of the outer beam 11 and the coupling seat 115 is arranged on the right end. Proceeding from the state shown in FIG. 2, the two equalizing beams 1 can be moved towards one another until the two couplings 114 penetrate the two coupling seats 115. In this way, a stable connection between the two equalizing beams 1 can be produced. Said connection is created by a plug connection from the two combinations of coupling 114 and coupling seat 115. In the connected state, the securing elements 1151 of the coupling seats 115 can be meshed with the securing seats 1141 of the couplings 114 in order to secure the connection. In the depicted case, the securing elements 1151 are formed by pivotable brackets which are arranged on the coupling seats 115 in an undetachable manner. In the depicted case, the securing seats 1141 are formed by simple planar key surfaces on the outside of the couplings 114. When the securing elements 1151 are closed, partial regions of said securing elements 1151 engage in the securing seats 1141 and thus immobilize the respective coupling 114 in the respective coupling seat 115. Alternatively to the embodiments shown in FIG. 2, couplings 114 and coupling seats 115 can also be arranged on both side surfaces of the outer beam 11. In this case, a plurality of equalizing beams 1 can be connected in parallel and at a distance from one another when couplings 114 and coupling seats 115 are arranged on both side surfaces. Such a composite of a plurality of equalizing beams 1 has a greater tilt stability than a single equalizing beam 1 when applied.
(11) FIG. 3 is a perspective partial view of the outer beam 11 of an embodiment of an equalizing beam 1 according to the invention. FIG. 3 shows a front end of an embodiment of an outer beam 11. The outer beam 11 is designed as a profile element with a plurality of chambers K1, K2, K3. The first chamber K1 faces upwards when applied and receives a part, in particular the upper rod 124a, of the inner beam. The first chamber K1 has an opening towards the support surface 111. This opening is designed such that any contaminations that have penetrated the chamber K1, for example, concrete residues, sand or the like, can be removed from the chamber with a simple tool. The opening also offers the possibility of reaching the fastening surface 141 of an inserted fastening strip 14. Such a fastening strip 14 is not shown in FIG. 3. A second chamber K2 is arranged below the first chamber K1, which is also used to guide part of the inner beam 11, in particular to guide the second rod 124b. In the depicted embodiment, the two chambers K1 and K2 form the recess which runs through the outer beam 11 in the longitudinal direction. A third chamber K3 is arranged below the second chamber K2. This third chamber K3 is separated from the second chamber K2 by a partition. The base surface 112 is located on the edge of the third chamber K3 facing downwards. A support interface S is arranged at the front end of said base region 112. In this case, said support interface S has a plurality of recesses S1 and a plurality of projections S2. The recesses S1 and the projections S2 together form a geometric shape of the support interface S, which is provided for an interlocking connection to a support head 21. This shape of the support interfaces S with recesses S1 and projections S2 can be produced, for example, in that these elements are created from the profile element which forms the outer beam 11 by laser cutting, milling or similar processing methods. In the depicted embodiment, the profile element which forms the outer beam 11 is made of an iron-based material or an aluminum alloy. The third chamber K3 has an opening towards the base surface 112. Adjacent to said opening, an eyelet recess is located in the interior of the chamber K3, which is provided for receiving one or more eyelet elements 116. Such an eyelet element 116 is shown at the edge of the outer beam 11. In the third chamber K3, the fastening part 1161 of the eye element 116 is located, which is held in place in the third chamber K3 by an undercut formed by the chamber K3 and its opening towards the base surface 112. The actual eyelet 1162 which is firmly or flexibly connected to the fastening part 1161 is located below the base surface 112. Along the third chamber K3, the fastening part 1161 can be moved in different ways and thus to different positions. The fastening part 1161 can be clamped in a force-locking manner at any point in the chamber K3, thus immobilizing the position of the eye element 116. Via the eyelet 1162, the outer beam 11 can be connected or braced with other elements or also with building parts when applied. The load transfer from the outer beam 11 can be further improved by such a bracing. It is also possible to arrange a plurality of eyelet elements 116 on an outer beam 11.
(12) FIG. 4 is a perspective partial view of an embodiment of an equalizing beam 1 according to the invention connected to a support head 21. FIG. 4 shows one end of an equalizing beam 1. The inner beam 12 protrudes over the outer beam 11. FIG. 4 clearly shows that the support surface 111 and the additional support surface 121 form a common plane for supporting formwork elements. Below the left end of the equalizing beam 1, a part of a support head 21 of a support 2 can be seen which is connected to the equalizing beam 1 via two support interfaces S. At the end of the outer beam 11 facing towards the left, a first support interface S is located which is made to form an interlocking connection with part of the head seat 211 of the support head 21. Due to said interlocking connection, the first support interface S cannot be pulled off the support head 21. At the end of the inner beam 1 facing towards the left, the support interfaces S of the inner beam are located. This second support interface S is also in an interlocking connection with elements of the head seat 211 of the support head 21. In the depicted case, a support head 21 is thus connected to two support interfaces S of an equalizing beam 1 in an interlocking manner. Alternatively, it is also possible to establish such a connection only via one support interface S. The required interlocking connection is produced by meshing the projections S2 and the recesses S1 of the support interfaces S with elements of the head seat 211.
(13) FIG. 5 shows a perspective depiction of an embodiment of a ceiling formwork system 100 according to the invention. The depicted ceiling formwork system 100 has a multiplicity of standard elements of a ceiling formwork. A plurality of standardized formwork panels are arranged on standard beams which in turn are held and positioned by supports 2. At the right front edge of the ceiling formwork system 100, a recess can be seen at which an equalizing beam 1 is arranged. At the point where the recess is in the formwork elements, there could be, for example, a geometric irregularity in the building in which a ceiling is to be poured. For this reason, the recess must be individually provided with formwork elements. For this purpose, an equalizing beam 1 is used which herein is already supported on three supports 2. Each of these supports 2 has a support head 21 which is connected to a support interface S of the equalizing beam. In this case, two supports 2 are attached to support interfaces S of the outer beam 11 and one support 2 is attached to the support interfaces S of the partially extended inner beam 11. Formwork elements can be placed directly on the total support surface formed jointly by the support surface 111 and the additional support surface 121. As can be clearly seen, the partially extended equalizing beam 1 has a length that differs from that of the standard beams. The equalizing beam 1 can be set to a wide variety of lengths, which means that edge regions of the ceiling formwork can be supported and positioned flexibly and individually.
(14) FIG. 6 shows a perspective simplified depiction of an embodiment of a ceiling formwork system 100 according to the invention. FIG. 6 shows a ceiling formwork system 100 under construction, which is arranged in the corner of a room in a building. Formwork elements in standard sizes have already been placed on the ceiling formwork system 100 at the lower and right-hand edge of the drawing. In the depicted case, the remaining corner in which no formwork elements have yet been placed has dimensions that cannot be boarded with standard elements. The standard elements cannot be combined to form the remaining shape and size. For accommodating formwork elements in said remaining region, a plurality of equalizing beams 1 has already been installed. In reality, the equalizing beams 1 are each connected to a plurality of supports 2 which, however, are not shown in FIG. 6 for the sake of clarity. In the larger region of the corner in which no formwork elements have yet been placed, a total of seven equalizing beams 1 with mostly extended inner beams 11 are arranged. In this case, six of said equalizing beams 1 are connected to one another in pairs via combinations of coupling 114 and coupling seat 115. There is only a small distance between said equalizing beams 1 thus connected. Said groups or pairs of equalizing beams 1 are arranged at greater distances from one another. For further stabilization, said groups or pairs can be connected to one another via transverse connectors which are attached to the corresponding side surfaces of the equalizing beams 1 via transverse connector interfaces. Such transverse connectors are not shown in FIG. 6. At the left edge of the remaining corner in which no formwork elements have yet been placed, two further equalizing beams 1 can be seen which, in a plan view, are arranged at a right angle to the seven other equalizing beams 1. An equalizing beam 1 can be arranged in a wide variety of spatial directions, so that many different shapes of edge regions or corners of the room can be filled from a combination of differently oriented equalizing beams 1. This is a decisive advantage of an equalizing beam 1 when compared to the prior art in which ceiling formwork systems usually consist of beams that can only be positioned in one spatial direction or in one alignment to one another. The equalizing beams 1 in the depicted ceiling formwork system 100 thus allow for the support and the positioning of formwork elements with a variety of geometries. Proceeding from the state shown in FIG. 6, individually cut formwork elements can subsequently be applied to the already positioned and secured equalizing beams 1. If necessary, said individual formwork elements can also be fastened to the equalizing beams 1, for example, by means of one or more of the fastening strips 14 described for FIG. 1. After the individual formwork elements have been applied to the equalizing beams 1, the ceiling formwork system 100 is completely assembled and the ceiling of the building portion can be poured.
