Abstract
An insulating glazing unit including a first pane and a second pane bonded to a circumferential spacer is presented. The first/second panes are respectively bonded to a first/second pane contact surfaces of the spacer. The first pane, the second pane, and a glazing interior surface of the spacer enclose an inner interpane space of the insulating glazing unit. According to one aspect, the insulating glazing unit includes a pyrotechnic module that contains a pyrotechnic composition and an igniter. The pyrotechnic composition releases an aerosol in the inner interpane space after activation by the igniter. Methods for production and use of the insulating glazing unit are also presented.
Claims
1.-15. (canceled)
16. An insulating glazing unit, comprising: a first pane; a second pane; a circumferential spacer comprising a first pane contact surface, a second pane contact surface that is parallel to the first pane contact surface, a glazing interior surface, and an outer surface; and a pyrotechnic module comprising a pyrotechnic composition and an igniter, wherein the first pane is bonded to the first pane contact surface, and the second pane is bonded to the second pane contact surface, wherein the first pane, the second pane, and the glazing interior surface enclose an inner interpane space, and wherein the pyrotechnic composition is configured to release an aerosol in the inner interpane space after activation by the igniter.
17. The insulating glazing unit according to claim 16, wherein the igniter is electrically conductingly connected to a glass breakage detector configured to ignite the igniter.
18. The insulating glazing unit according to claim 17, wherein: at least one of the first pane and the second pane comprises a single-pane safety glass, and the glass breakage detector detects a breakage of the single-pane safety glass.
19. The insulating glazing unit according to claim 18, wherein the glass breakage detector is implemented as an electrically conducting loop on a surface of the single-pane safety glass.
20. The insulating glazing unit according to claim 16, wherein the igniter is a rip igniter that is connected to a rip cord for ignition.
21. The insulating glazing unit according to claim 20, wherein the rip cord at least partially contacts one of the first pane and the second pane along at least one edge section of said pane.
22. The insulating glazing unit according to claim 16, wherein the pyrotechnic module is attached in the inner interpane space.
23. The insulating glazing unit according to claim 16, wherein: the circumferential spacer has at least one hollow chamber, and the pyrotechnic module is attached in the at least one hollow chamber.
24. The insulating glazing unit according to claim 23, wherein at least one section of the circumferential spacer is implemented as a spacer module within which the pyrotechnic module is integrated.
25. The insulating glazing unit according to claim 16, wherein the pyrotechnic composition comprises potassium chlorate and ammonium chloride.
26. The insulating glazing unit according to claim 16, wherein at least one of the first pane and the second pane is a composite.
27. The insulating glazing unit according to claim 16, wherein at least one of the first pane and the second pane includes at least one thermoplastic polymeric pane.
28. The insulating glazing unit according to claim 16, wherein the insulating glazing is at least a triple glazing unit that further comprises at least a third pane.
29. A method for producing an insulating glazing unit, comprising: a) bonding a first pane to a first pane contact surface of a spacer via a sealant; b) bonding a second pane to a second pane contact surface of the spacer via a sealant, thereby providing a pane arrangement comprising the first and second panes and the spacer; and c) pressing the pane arrangement together, wherein prior to step a), a pyrotechnic module is introduced into at least one hollow chamber of the spacer, or wherein in step a), a pyrotechnic module is arranged in an inner interpane space between the first pane and the second pane.
30. A method, comprising: providing an insulating glazing unit according to claim 16; and using the insulating glazing unit as a bullet-resistant glazing.
31. The method according to claim 30, wherein using the insulating glazing unit comprises using the insulating glazing unit in one or more of building interiors, building exteriors, and faades.
Description
[0088] In the following, the invention is explained in detail with reference to drawings. The drawings are purely schematic representations and not true to scale. They in no way restrict the invention. They depict:
[0089] FIG. 1a, 1b a cross-section of an embodiment of the insulating glazing unit according to the invention having a hollow profile spacer, a glass breakage detector, and a pyrotechnic module in the inner interpane space, before and after activation of the pyrotechnic module, respectively,
[0090] FIG. 2a, 2b a cross-section of another embodiment of the insulating glazing unit according to the invention having a hollow profile spacer and a pyrotechnic module in the inner interpane space, which is activated by a rip cord, before and after activation of the pyrotechnic module, respectively,
[0091] FIG. 3a, 3b a cross-section of another possible embodiment of the insulating glazing unit according to the invention having a hollow profile spacer, a glass breakage detector, and a pyrotechnic module in the hollow chamber of the spacer, before and after activation of the pyrotechnic module, respectively,
[0092] FIG. 4 a preassembled spacer frame having a spacer module with an integrated pyrotechnic module,
[0093] FIG. 5 a flowchart of a possible embodiment of the method according to the invention.
[0094] FIGS. 1a and 1b depict a cross-section through an insulating glazing unit I having a hollow profile spacer 1, a glass breakage detector 10, and a pyrotechnic module 9 in the inner interpane space 15, before (cf. FIG. 1a) and after (cf. FIG. 1b) activation of the pyrotechnic module, respectively. The spacer 1 comprises a main body having a first pane contact surface 2.1, a second pane contact surface 2.2 running parallel thereto, a glazing interior surface 3, and an outer surface 4. The outer surface 4 runs perpendicular to the pane contact surfaces 2.1, 2.2 and connects the pane contact surfaces 2.1 and 2.2. The sections of the outer surface 4 adjacent the pane contact surfaces 2.1 and 2.2 are inclined at an angle of approx. 45 relative to the outer surface 4 in the direction of the pane contact surfaces 2.1 and 2.2. A hollow chamber 5 is situated between the outer surface 4 and the glazing interior surface 3. The first pane 12 of the insulating glazing unit I is bonded via a sealant 7 to the first pane contact surface 2.1 of the spacer 1, whereas the second pane 13 is bonded via a sealant 7 to the second pane contact surface 2.2. The space between the first pane 12 and the second pane 13, delimited by the glazing interior surface 3, is defined as the inner interpane space 15. The inner interpane space 15 is connected to the hollow chamber 5 lying thereunder via the openings 6 in the glazing interior surface. A desiccant 11 that draws the moisture out of the inner interpane space 15 is situated in the hollow chamber 5. The outer interpane space 16, which is delimited by the outer surface 4 and the first pane 12 and the second pane 13, is completely filled with the outer seal 14. The first pane 12, which forms the attack side of the glazing, is made of a composite pane comprising a glass pane 18 made of soda lime glass and a pane of a single-pane safety glass 19. The second pane 13, which is positioned on the protected side of the glazing, is made of a composite pane comprising three glass panes 18 made of soda lime glass as well as one thermoplastic polymeric pane 20 made of polycarbonate. The individual panes of the first pane 12 and of the second pane 13 are bonded to one another in each case via laminating films 17. The pyrotechnic module 9 comprises a casing 22 that contains an igniter 23 and a pyrotechnic composition 24. The pyrotechnic composition 24 consists of potassium chlorate and ammonium chloride. The glass breakage detector 10 is mounted on the inner side of the single-pane safety glass 19 facing the inner interpane space 15. The glass breakage detector 10 and the pyrotechnic module 9 are mounted in the immediate vicinity of each other such that they can be contacted in a simple manner via an electric conductor (not shown). Alternatively, the pyrotechnic module can also be mounted adjacent the second pane 13 or at any other point of the insulating glazing unit so long as an aerosol-permeable connection to the inner interpane space exists. An arrangement of the components in the immediate vicinity has the advantage that there is only a short transmission path. An arrangement of the components that yields a longer transmission path can also be reasonable in terms of visual concealment of the pyrotechnic module 9 or in terms of better protection of the module against gunfire. Particularly in the case of longer transmission paths, wireless signal transmission is preferable instead of the electrical conductor. The glass breakage detector 10 is an electric conductor loop (alarm net). When a projectile 27 reaches the first pane 12 of FIG. 1b, the single-pane safety glass 19 splinters with the pattern characteristic for this type of glass. This interrupts the electric conductor loop used as a glass breakage detector 10 and triggers the ignition of the pyrotechnic composition 24 via the igniter 23 of the pyrotechnic module 9. As a result, an aerosol 26, smoke in the present case, develops in the inner interpane space 15. This aerosol 26 obstructs the view through the insulating glazing unit I in accordance with the invention.
[0095] FIGS. 2a and 2b depict a cross-section of another embodiment of the insulating glazing unit according to the invention having a hollow profile spacer and a pyrotechnic module in the inner interpane space that is activated by a rip cord, before (cf. FIG. 2a) and after (cf. FIG. 2b) activation of the pyrotechnic module, respectively. The basic structure corresponds to that described in FIGS. 1a and 1b. In contrast, the igniter 23 is a rip igniter that is activated via a rip cord 28. The rip cord 28 surrounds a section of the single-pane safety glass 19 of the first pane 12. In this case as well, activation occurs upon breakage of the single-pane safety glass 19.
[0096] FIGS. 3a and 3b depict a cross-section of another possible embodiment of the insulating glazing unit I according to the invention having a hollow profile spacer 1, a glass breakage detector 10, and a pyrotechnic module 9 in the hollow chamber 5 of the spacer 1, before (cf. FIG. 3a) and after (cf. FIG. 3b) activation of the pyrotechnic module 9, respectively. The basic structure corresponds to that described in FIGS. 1a and 1b. In contrast, the pyrotechnic module 9 is introduced into the hollow chamber 5 of the spacer 1. The number and size of the openings 6 was increased, compared to the embodiments with a pyrotechnic module in the intermediate space, in order to ensure unobstructed escape of the aerosol 26 from the hollow chamber 5 into the inner interpane space 15. The spacer 1 can have a wire passage (not shown) for an electric conductor (likewise not shown) for connecting a glass breakage detector 10 and a pyrotechnic module 9.
[0097] FIG. 4 depicts a preassembled spacer frame 8 having a spacer module 25 with an integrated pyrotechnic module 9. The spacer 1 of the spacer frame 8 corresponds to that described in FIGS. 3a and 3b. In contrast, the pyrotechnic module 9 is not inserted directly into a section of the spacer frame but is integrated as a prefabricated component, as spacer module 25, into the spacer frame 8. The connection of the spacer module 25 to an integrated pyrotechnic module 9 is done via a plug-in connector 21. The corners of the spacer frame 8 are also connected by plug-in connectors 21. The spacer module 25 can be installed at any position along the edges of the spacer frame 8. In the case of very large dimensions of the insulating glazing unit, central placement in the center of one edge of the spacer frame 25 can be advantageous to ensure uniform distribution of the aerosol. To the extent possible from this perspective, the module is, however, preferably positioned adjacent a corner plug-in connector 21 (corner connector). Since each plug-in connection represents a potential defect site of the insulating glazing unit, the number of possible defect sites can thus be reduced. Furthermore, a corner placement is advantageous when an external power supply is provided. A wire necessary for this can be routed through a corner plug-in connector into the outer interpane space in a simple manner.
[0098] FIG. 5 depicts a flowchart of a possible embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing an insulating glazing unit comprising the steps: [0099] I optionally: the first pane 12 and the second pane 13 are introduced as a composite pane made up of at least two individual panes with interposition of at least one laminating film 17 [0100] IIa the pyrotechnic module 9 is introduced into the hollow chamber 5 of a spacer 1 [0101] or [0102] IIb the pyrotechnic module 9 is arranged in the inner interpane space 15 between the first pane 12 and the second pane 13 [0103] III the first pane 12 is bonded to the first pane contact surface 2.1 of the spacer 1 via a sealant 7 [0104] IV the second pane 13 is bonded to the second pane contact surface 2.2 of the spacer 1 via a sealant 7 [0105] V the pane arrangement made up of the panes 12 and 13 and the spacer 1 is pressed together [0106] VI the outer interpane space 18 is completely filled with an outer seal 16.
LIST OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS
[0107] I insulating glazing unit [0108] 1 spacer [0109] 2 pane contact surfaces [0110] 2.1 first pane contact surface [0111] 2.2 second pane contact surface [0112] 3 glazing interior surface [0113] 4 outer surface [0114] 5 hollow chamber [0115] 6 openings [0116] 7 sealant [0117] 8 spacer frame [0118] 9 pyrotechnic module [0119] 10 glass breakage detector [0120] 11 desiccant [0121] 12 first pane [0122] 13 second pane [0123] 14 outer seal [0124] 15 inner interpane space [0125] 16 outer interpane space [0126] 17 laminating film [0127] 18 glass pane [0128] 19 single-pane safety glass [0129] 20 thermoplastic polymeric pane [0130] 21 plug-in connector [0131] 22 casing [0132] 23 igniter [0133] 24 pyrotechnic composition [0134] 25 spacer module with an integrated pyrotechnic module 9 [0135] 26 aerosol [0136] 27 projectile [0137] 28 rip cord
