CREAMER COMPRISING VEGETABLE LIPIDS AND ALLULOSE

Abstract

The present application relates to creamer comprising vegetable lipids, casein, maltose, phosphates, and allulose.

Claims

1. Creamer comprising vegetable lipid, casein, maltose, phosphate, and allulose.

2. The creamer of claim 1, wherein the allulose is crystal allulose.

3. The creamer of claim 1, wherein the creamer is in a powder state.

4. The creamer of claim 1, wherein the creamer has a water content of 0.5% to 5%.

5. The creamer of claim 1, wherein the creamer is a coffee creamer or a tea creamer.

6. The creamer of claim 1, wherein the vegetable lipid is at least one selected from coconut oil, palm oil, hydrogenated coconut oil, and hydrogenated palm oil.

7. The creamer of claim 1, wherein the allulose is contained such that a dry solid content thereof is in an amount of 20-150 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the vegetable lipid.

8. The creamer of claim 1, wherein the vegetable lipid is contained in an amount of 20-50 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the creamer.

9. The creamer of claim 1, wherein the allulose promotes the excretion of the vegetable lipid as feces.

10. The creamer of claim 9, wherein the excretion is an excretion of triglycerides, free fatty acids, or a combination thereof.

11. A method comprising: a step of administering creamer comprising vegetable lipid, casein, maltose, and phosphate to a subject; and a step of administering allulose to the subject, before, after, or simultaneously with the administration of the step of administering the creamer to the subject, wherein the method promotes the excretion of the vegetable lipid administered to the subject as feces.

12. A use of allulose for promoting the excretion of vegetable lipid contained in creamer comprising vegetable lipid, casein, maltose, and phosphate, as feces.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating the changes in body weight in C57BL/6J mice fed with creamer-containing high fat diet (HFD) together with allulose for 8 weeks, in which PR of the control group represents the provision of HFD together with creamer, and PRA represents the provision of HFD+creamer+5% allulose (w/w).

[0030] FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating the changes in the amount of fecal lipid excretion in C57BL/6J mice fed with creamer containing HFD together with allulose after 8 weeks, in which data represents meanSE. The effective values between the group with no allulose and the group with allulose are as follows: *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001. In FIG. 2, PRA represents HFD+creamer+5% allulose (w/w) and PR represents creamer+HFD.

MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0031] Hereinafter, the present application will be described in more detail to allow for a clearer understanding of the present application. However, the following examples are provided for easier understanding of the present application, and the present application is not limited to the following examples.

Experimental Methods

[0032] 1. Breeding of Experimental Animals

[0033] 16 C57BL/6J mice (male, 4-week-old) were purchased from the Jackson Laboratory (USA) and used. The mice were allowed to adapt to the breeding environment with the lab-chow diet (Purina Co., USA) for 4 weeks. Then, the mice were divided, by using the randomized block design, into a negative control group (PR: 8 mice), in which allulose was not fed, and an experimental group (PRA: 8 mice), in which allulose was fed, and the mice were fed with diet for 8 weeks.

[0034] For the diet of the negative control group, AIN-76 diet and HFD were applied, in which creamer [Prima, Dongsuh Foods Corporation, Korea; raw materials: 30-38 wt % of hydrogenated vegetable lipid (hydrogenated coconut oil, hydrogenated palm oil), starch syrup (including maltose), sodium caseinate, potassium phosphate dibasic, calcium phosphate tribasic] was used as the vegetable lipid. For the diet of the experimental group, 5 wt % of sugar among the components of the diet of the negative control group were replaced with allulose (crystal allulose, 98 wt % or higher of allulose based on dry solid content, CJ Cheiljedang) and used (Table 1). All animal experiments were conducted with the approval of the Ethical Commission for Animal Experimentation, Kyungpook National University (Approval No.: KNU-2013-18).

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Composition of experimental feeds (% of diet, w/w) Negative Control Experimental Groups Group (PR) Group (PRA) Casein 20 20 DL-Methionine 0.3 0.3 Corn starch 11.1 11.1 Sucrose 37 32 Cellulose 5 5 Creamer(Prima) 14.6 14.6 Lard 5.4 5.4 Mineral mix.sup.1) 4.2 4.2 Vitamin mix.sup.2) 1.2 1.2 Choline bitartrate 0.2 0.2 Cholesterol 1 1 tert- 0.004 0.004 Butylhydroquinone Allulose 5 Total (%) 100 100 kcal/g diet 4.047 4.847 Note .sup.1)Mineral mix: AIN-76 mineral mixture (gram/kg): calcium phosphate, 500; sodium chloride, 74; potassium citrate, 2220; potassium sulfate, 52; magnesium oxide, 24; manganous carbonate, 3.5; ferric citrate, 6; zinc carbonate, 1.6; cupric carbonate, 0.3; potassium iodate, 0.01; sodium celenite, 0.01; chromium potassium sulfate, 0.55; sucrose 118.03 Note .sup.2)Vitamin mix: AIN-76 vitamin mixture (gram/kg): thiamin HCL, 0.6; riboflavin, 0.6; pyridoxine HCL, 0.7; nicotinic acid, 0.003; D-calcium pantothenate, 0.0016; folate, 0.2; D-biotin, 0.02; cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12), 0.001; retinyl palmitate premix, 0.8; DL-alpha tocopheryl acetate, premix, 20; cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), 0.0025; menaquinone (vitamin K), 0.05; antioxidant, 0.01; sucrose, finely powdered, 972.8

[0035] Pair feeding was performed based on the experimental group so as to feed the same level of iso-energetic diet, and thereby the effect of calorie reduction by allulose was excluded. The diet was refrigerated at 4 C. during the breeding period. The mice were bred in individual cages under constant temperature (252 C.), constant humidity (505%), and dark-light cycles at 12 hour intervals.

[0036] 2. Measurement of Dietary Intake and Body Weight

[0037] Dietary intake was measured at constant time every day, and body weight was measured at constant time every week.

[0038] 3. Collection and Analysis of Fecal Samples

[0039] 3-1. Collection of Fecal Samples

[0040] The feces were collected for 84 hours (3.5 days) after termination of the breeding, dried, and stored frozen.

[0041] 3-2. Extraction of Fecal Lipid

[0042] The neutral lipid, cholesterol, and free fatty acids in the feces were extracted by modifying/remedying the method of Folch et al. (1957). Specifically, the dried feces were ground in a mortar and 0.5 g was collected therefrom. 5 mL of a chloroform:methanol (2:1, v/v) solution was then added thereto and lipid were extracted at 4 C. for 24 hours. The extract was centrifuged at 3000g at 4 C. for 10 minutes, and then 3 mL of the supernatant was collected, dried under nitrogen gas at 37 C., and dissolved again in 1 mL of the same extraction solvent.

[0043] Among them, 200 L each were collected for the measurement of cholesterol and free fatty acids and dried again under nitrogen gas, and those for the measurement of neutral lipid and total cholesterol were dissolved in 500 L of ethanol. Those for the measurement of free fatty acids were dissolved in 2.25 mL NaOH and the pH was adjusted to pH 2 to pH 3 by adding 1 M HCl solution thereto. At the time of quantification of total cholesterol and neutral lipid, 3 mM cholic acid (sodium salt) as an emulsifier and 0.5% Triton X-100 (for removal of turbidity that occurs at the time of color development) were mixed and used.

[0044] 3-3. Quantification of Total Cholesterol in Feces

[0045] For the measurement of total cholesterol, 10 L of the solution dissolved in ethanol (500 L) and the emulsifier (690 L) were mixed, and then 800 L of a test solution (Asan Pharmaceutical kit) for measurement applying the enzyme method of Allain et al. (1974) was mixed. For quantification of both in forms of free cholesterol (FC) and cholesterol ester (CE), CE was converted to FC and fatty acid by cholesterol esterase. Among them, FC was reacted with cholesterol oxidase and converted to A.sup.4-cholestenone. The obtained product and H.sub.2O.sub.2 as a substrate were reacted with peroxidase, phenol, and 4-amino-antipyrine to obtain a red coloring material, and then the absorbance was measured at 500 nm. The measured value was quantified by comparing with the cholesterol standard curve.

[0046] 3-4. Quantification of Neutral Lipid in Feces

[0047] For the measurement of neutral lipid, 10 L of the solution dissolved in ethanol (500 L) and the emulsifier (690 L) were mixed, and then 800 L of the test solution (Asan pharmaceutical kit) applying the enzyme method of McGowan et al. (1983) was mixed. Neutral lipid were decomposed by lipoprotein lipase (LPL) into glycerol and fatty acid. Among the decomposed products, glycerol forms L--glycerol phosphate by the action of ATP and glycerol kinase (GK), and this reacted with O.sub.2 and glycerophosphate oxidase (GPO) to generate H.sub.2O.sub.2. Then, peroxidase and 4-amino-antipyran were treated thereto so as to develop a red color, and the absorbance was measured at 550 nm and the measured value was quantified by comparing with the standard curve of glycerol.

[0048] 3-5. Quantification of Free Fatty Acids in Feces

[0049] The concentration of free fatty acids was measured using a test solution for the measurement of free fatty acids (non-esterified fatty acid; NEFA kit, Wako, Japan) according to the principle of color development using the enzyme method. First, acyl coenzyme A synthase was acted on plasma free fatty acids and thereby producing acyl-CoA, AMP, and pyrophosphoric acid. Then, acyl coenzyme A oxidase was added thereto and thereby producing 2,3-trans-enolyl-CoA and H.sub.2O.sub.2. This was treated with peroxidase, 4-aminoantipyrine, and 1V-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-m-toluidine to develop a red color, and then the absorbance was measured at 546 nm and the measured value was quantified by comparing with the standard curve of free fatty acids.

Results of Experiments

[0050] 1. Confirmation of Inhibitory Effect Against Weight Gain by Allulose

[0051] At the time point of 0 week of the diet, the body weight of the negative control group (PR) and the experimental group (PRA) were at a similar level (Table 2). However, after 8 weeks of the diet, the body weight of the negative control group was significantly increased from week 1, whereas the body weight of the experimental group was significantly inhibited from the 1st week of the diet, and the significant inhibitory effect against weight gain in the experimental group was confirmed (Table 2 and FIG. 1).

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Without allulose With allulose p-value** (PR) (PRA) (t-test) Body 0 week 21.93 0.46 21.47 0.50 0.517 weight 8th week 33.50 0.69 27.41 0.48 0.000 Data represents mean SE. **t-test represents the comparison of values between PR without allulose and PRA with 5 wt % allulose in each group.

[0052] 2. Confirmation of Excretion Effect of Lipid in Creamer by Allulose

[0053] The effect of excretion of the lipid in creamer by allulose was confirmed by the amount of lipid excretion in the feces.

[0054] As a result, it was confirmed that the amounts of triglycerides and free fatty acids in the feces significantly increased in the experimental group compared to the negative control group. In particular, it was confirmed that the amount of free fatty acids was significantly higher than that of the negative control group (Table 3 and FIG. 2).

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 PRA PR Triglycerides 0.44 0.053* 0.26 0.032 (mmol/day) cholesterol (mmol/day) 18.28 0.97 16.81 0.52 Free Fatty Acids 8.39 0.75*** 2.78 0.30 (mmol/day) Data represents mean SE. A significant difference was shown between PR and PRA: *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001. PRA, HFD + creamer + 5% allulose; PR, HFD + creamer

[0055] Accordingly, it was confirmed that when allulose was ingested along with the vegetable lipid in creamer, the excretion of lipid as feces was promoted.

[0056] It should be understood that the foregoing description of the present application is for illustrative purposes only and that those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application pertains will be able to understand that the present application can easily be modified into other specific forms without altering the technical idea or essential features of the present application. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive.