Filter monitoring in pneumatic transport systems

Abstract

A pneumatic transport system (10), comprising at least one material transport carrier for transporting a pneumatic transportable material (M) in the pneumatic system (10) by means of a pneumatic device (1a) adapted to operate with negative pressure on the material transport carrier to transport the pneumatic transportable material (M) in the pneumatic system (10) comprising one or more tubes (13) forming a continuous transport path (CL), wherein a pressure-drop monitoring element (3a) is provided and adapted to monitor filter performance of a separating filter (16) provided in the transport path (CL) and adapted to separate the material transport carrier and the transportable material (M) in the transport path (CL).

Claims

1. A pneumatic transport system, comprising: a pneumatic device configured to operate with negative pressure on at least one material transport carrier fluid for transporting a pneumatic transportable material in the pneumatic transport system to transport in turn a pneumatic transportable material in the pneumatic transport system, the pneumatic device including one or more tubes forming a continuous transport path, a separating filter in the continuous transport path, the separating filter being configured to separate the material transport carrier fluid and the transportable material in the transport path, a pressure-drop monitoring element for sensing initial pressure drop on the clean side of the separating filter during a start-up period of the system, and a controller configured to monitor performance of the separating filter by comparing initial pressure drops sensed by the pressure-drop monitoring element over different start-up periods of the system.

2. The pneumatic transport system according to claim 1, wherein the pneumatic device includes an ejector driven by pressurized air and the pneumatic transport system is a conveying system using a material transport carrier fluid having negative pressure.

3. The pneumatic transport system according to claim 1, wherein the pneumatic device includes an ejector driven by pressurized air and the pneumatic transport system is a conveying system using air having vacuum pressure.

4. The pneumatic transport system according to claim 1, wherein the pressure-drop monitoring element is a pressure sensor adapted to measure and capture data of an initial negative pressure behaviour.

5. The pneumatic transport system according to claim 4, wherein the pressure sensor is a vacuum sensor.

6. The pneumatic transport system according to claim 1, wherein the controller is adapted to collect and store data, obtained by the presure-drop monitoring element in a store.

7. The pneumatic transport system according to claim 6, wherein the controller is adapted to effect automated filter cleaning when the initial pressure drop on the clean side of the separating filter during the start-up period of the system increases by a prescribed amount.

8. The pneumatic transport system according to claim 6, wherein the controller is adapted to indicate manual filter cleaning, or change of filter when the initial pressure drop on the clean side of the separating filter during the start-up period of the system increases by a prescribed amount.

9. The pneumatic transport system according to claim 6, wherein the controller is adapted to automatically stop a potential dangerous operation of the transport system when the initial pressure drop on the clean side of the separating filter during the start-up period is less than a prescribed amount.

10. The pneumatic transport system according to claim 9, wherein the controller is adapted to emergency stop a potential dangerous operation of the transport system when the initial pressure drop on the clean side of the separating filter during the start-up period is less than a prescribed amount.

11. The pneumatic transport system according to claim 1, wherein the pneumatic device includes an electric vacuum pump and the pneumatic transport system is a conveying system using a material transport carrier fluid having negative pressure.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure and further advantages thereof, reference is now made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the drawings in which:

(2) FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of a pneumatic transport system according to the invention, comprising a separating filter, a pressure sensor and a controller for filter monitoring;

(3) FIG. 2A illustrates a graph of vacuum system pressure vs. time for different measured pressure drops over a separating filter; and

(4) FIG. 2B is an enlargement of the first part of the graph illustrated in FIG. 2A.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(5) Reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, which are intended to at least assist in illustrating the various pertinent features of the presented inventions. In this regard, the following description is presented for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, the description is not intended to limit the disclosed embodiments of the inventions to the forms disclosed herein. Consequently, variations and modifications commensurate with the following teachings, and skill and knowledge of the relevant art, are within the scope of the presented inventions.

(6) Now is referred to FIG. 1, which illustrates one embodiment of a pneumatic transport system 10 according to the invention. The pneumatic transport system 10 comprises at least one pneumatic device 1a, herein an ejector (but can alternatively be another type of vacuum pump such as an electrical vacuum pump), for transporting a pneumatic transportable material M in the pneumatic system 10 by means of a carrier fluid, such as a fluid having negative pressure P.sup., for instance air of vacuum pressure, for transporting the pneumatic transportable material M. The ejector 1a provides a force (see direction of flow in conveying line CL illustrated by an arrow) affecting the carrier fluid, such as air, flowing in the pipes to transport the pneumatic transportable material within the pipes 13. Thus, the pneumatic transport system 10 transports material under fluid pressure or vacuum. Herein, negative pressure, in particular vacuum is provided by the ejector 1a. The pneumatic transportable material M is shown just before it is transported in the pneumatic transport system 10.

(7) The pneumatic transport system 10 typically comprises a plurality of interconnected pipes 13. The pipes 13 may as an example, but not limited there to, be circular in cross-section. The pipes 13 can be made of stainless-steel for instance, or any other suitable material depending on application, together forming a continuous pneumatic transport path CL, sometimes also referred to as a conveying line, for transporting the pneumatic transportable material M. A pressure-drop monitoring element 3a is provided on a clean side 16a of a separating filter 16 and is adapted to monitor filter performance of the separating filter 16 provided in the continuous transport path CL.

(8) Herein, this disclosure clean side means the side of the separating filter that is not contaminated with the transported material M.

(9) Herein, this disclosure the terms transportable and transported material are both used depending on where the material M is located. The term transported indicates the location of the transported material at the separating filter 16.

(10) The separating filter 16 is provided and adapted to separate the carrier fluid and the transportable material M in the transport path CL at the ejector 1a. One or more (even though only one is shown in FIG. 1) separating filters 16 can be mounted. In operation, the separating filter 16 will be contaminated (typically on the side 16b opposite to the clean side 16a) and over time of operation an undesirable pressure drop over the separating filter 16 will build up over time with a decreasing capacity over time as a result.

(11) Typically, the pressure-drop monitoring element 3a is a vacuum pressure sensor, if the carrier fluid is air of vacuum pressure, which is connected to the conveying line(s) CL and adapted to sense the system pressure P.sup.. Typically, the vacuum pressure sensor 3a generates a sensor signal S.sub.sensor indicative of a particular negative system pressure P.sup. on the clean side 16a of the separating filter 16. The vacuum pressure sensor 3a can be more or less sophisticated able also to capturing data in addition to monitoring data.

(12) In operation, filter performance of the separating filter 16 is monitored, in particular a pressure drop over the separating filter 16 is monitored, and captured, which makes it possible to take actions to reduce this pressure drop to maintain capacity requirement over time. The vacuum pressure P.sup. on the clean side 16a of the separating filter 16 is measured, collected and stored over a time frame.

(13) A controller 4 adapted to control including to monitor and to take actions to reduce pressure-drop of the separating filter 16 is connectable to and adapted to communicate via a communication line 3 with the pressure sensor 3a and is furthermore is adapted to collect and store data in a store 4a, which is typically part of the controller 4 or part of the sensor 3a.

(14) The controller 4 is adapted to take action, such as providing automated filter cleaning, due to a particular measured too high pressure drop over the separating filter 16. An advantage with this is that the controller 4 will monitor and take actions to reduce this too high pressure drop over the separating filter to maintain capacity requirement over time. This can be provided by the controller 4 signaling 5a to a filter cleaner unit 2a to clean the filter 16.

(15) Alternatively, or in addition to the above, the controller 4 is adapted to automatically stop a potential dangerous operation of the transport system 10 due to a particular too low measured pressure drop over the filter 16 possibly indicating hole in filter 16. An advantage with this is that it can be used to stop a potential dangerous operation due to an emergency stop action triggered by the essentially missing pressure drop in the event a filter is being damaged.

(16) Now is referred also to FIGS. 2A and B. FIG. 2A illustrates a whole graph of vacuum system pressure vs. time for different measured pressure drops over a separating filter; and

(17) FIG. 2B is an enlargement of the first part of the graph illustrated in FIG. 2A. Mainly is referred to FIG. 2B, since this figure illustrates the most relevant part of the whole graph for explaining the invention.

(18) According to an example, the vacuum sensor 3a will be used to collect data of an initial vacuum behavior.

(19) The vacuum level P.sup. on the clean side 16a of the filter 16a is measured by means of the pressure sensor 3a and collected over a certain time frame. The data will be stored and an average initial vacuum characteristic (a graph) of the transport system 10 will be created from a defined number of cycles, say 1-5 cycles. The data collected, which is typically collected by the controller 4 and stored in the store 4a into a software, is used to set up a start-up graph, denoted 1 as illustrated in FIG. 2B describing the total initial pressure drop characteristics of the application including the initial pressure drop 1 over the filter 16. This initial pressure drop 1 (see FIG. 2B) will then be used to compare later graphs 2, or 3 to determine the increasing pressure drop over the filter 16. All succeeding cycles, succeeding to the initial pressure drop, as indicated by 1, will be compared to this average start up graph, 1. A limited part of the complete cycle (as illustrated in FIG. 2A) will be used for comparison (as illustrated in FIG. 2A). This limited part as illustrated in FIG. 2A will be defined so that the conveyed material M in the transport system 10 will have no impact.

(20) Based on the information provided from the comparison, a number of measurements can be conducted in order to minimize pressure drop over separating filter 16 by taking an action to reduce pressure drop over the separating filter 16. Example of action taken is a filter cleaning procedure to reduce pressure drop over the separating filter 16.

(21) The filter cleaning process can be repeated at a certain pressure drop level (see 2 in FIG. 2B). For instance, if the pressure drop increases beyond this level (see 2 in FIG. 2B) the filter 16 needs to be automatically cleaned, or alternatively manually disassembled and cleaned, to reduce the filter drop. After a given number of cleaning cycles made, reaching the maximum pressure drop (see 3 in FIG. 2B), used filters need to be replaced with new ones.

(22) If a leakage should occur in the conveyor line CL, the characteristics (graph) will differ from the average characteristics (graph) in an opposite way (see 4 in FIG. 2B) compared to 1, 2 or 3, namely in that the vacuum (or negative pressure) will not build up because of the vacuum flow is directed through an unknown opening towards the ejector 1a. This opening will probably consist of a broken filter 16 or a broken bottom valve (not shown). In this case both deviations are severe and will typically result in an emergency stop operation of the transport system 10. This emergency stop operation can be provided by means of the controller 4.

(23) Moreover, the invention can be used also to stop a potential dangerous operation due to the emergency stop action expedient by the missing pressure drop in the event of a filter being damaged.

(24) With this invention, the user of the vacuum conveying system will gain a number of benefits. The most important one is the safety created from the automated emergency stop operation in the event of a filter being damaged. This can prevent human injury because of the prevention of dust of potential hazardous particles in the ambient air being avoided.

(25) Because of the repeated filter cleaning that automatically, or manually, will be conducted repeatedly, the capacity of the conveyed material M can be maintained for an extended period of time compared to a conventional system without this invention. The event of cleaning or changing filters proposed by the system based on the measures and comparison by the software will save a lot of time that were used before in trouble shooting the root cause of the decreasing capacity.

(26) In all embodiments and examples the pneumatic device 1a can instead of a fluid driven ejector be an electric driven vacuum-pump.

(27) The foregoing description of the presented inventions has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, the description is not intended to limit the inventions to the forms disclosed herein. Consequently, variations and modifications commensurate with the above teachings, and skill and knowledge of the relevant art, are within the scope of the presented inventions. The embodiments described hereinabove are further intended to explain modes known of practicing the inventions and to enable others skilled in the art to utilize the inventions in such or other embodiments and with various modifications required by the particular application(s) or use(s) of the presented inventions.