Mobile Shredder for Metal Materials with Improved Safety Features

Abstract

A mobile shredder for metal materials comprising a feeding device, a shredding mill with a plurality of hammers associated with a rotor, and a removal device and an actuating device are provided, wherein: the feeding device comprises a hopper and a shredder with a first toothed roller and a second toothed roller that rotates in the opposite direction to that of the first roller and at a greater speed. The actuating device comprises a single motor. A control system is also provided with a plurality of hydraulic pumps for moving the rollers and a hydraulic clutch with a variable flow for moving the rotor, the plurality of hydraulic pumps and the hydraulic clutch being joined to the motor. The control system is configured to modify the rotational speed of the toothed rollers based on the motor load associated with the shredding mill; and the devices are mounted on a frame.

Claims

1. A mobile shredder for metal materials with improved safety features comprising a feeding device configured to receive a material to be shredded and shred it, a shredding mill configured to shred the material received by the feeding device by an arrangement of a plurality of hammers and a rotor, a removal device configured to remove a shredded material and an actuating device configured to provide energy to the feeding device, the shredding mill and the removal device, wherein: the feeding device comprises a hopper and a shredder, the shredder comprising a first toothed roller and a second toothed roller that rotates in the opposite direction to that of the first toothed roller and at a greater speed; the actuating device comprises a single motor; and the mobile metal shredder further comprises a control system which comprises a plurality of hydraulic pumps configured to move the toothed rollers, and a hydraulic clutch with variable flow configured to move the rotor, the plurality of hydraulic pumps and the hydraulic clutch with variable flow being joined to the motor; wherein the control system is configured to modify the rotational speed of the first toothed roller and/or the second toothed roller based on a motor load associated with the shredding mill and wherein the feeding device, the shredding mill, the removal device and the actuating device are mounted on a frame.

2. The mobile shredder with improved safety features, according to claim 1, wherein at least one tooth of the first toothed roller is interspersed between at least two teeth of the second toothed roller.

3. The mobile shredder with improved safety features according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of pulleys and belts joined to the motor and rotor of the shredding mill by means of the hydraulic clutch with variable flow.

4. The mobile shredder with improved safety features, according to claim 1, further comprising: at least one pressure transducer configured to detect the working pressures in the shafts of the first and second toothed roller of the shredder; at least one speed sensor or at least one flow meter configured to detect the speed of the first and second toothed rollers of the shredder; a control unit of the motor configured to detect a speed of the motor and a torque of the motor to determine the power delivered by the motor; a rotor speed sensor; and a temperature sensor of a hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic clutch with variable flow, wherein the at least one pressure transducer, the at least one speed sensor or the at least one flow meter, the control unit, the rotor speed sensor, and the temperature sensor are configured to control a workload of the motor.

5. The mobile shredder with improved safety features, according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of systems configured to regulate the operation of the shredder, the plurality of systems comprising: a first system configured to modify the flow of the plurality of hydraulic pumps which power the toothed rollers of the shredder; a second system configured to modify a speed of the motor; and a supply system for the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic clutch with variable flow configured to transmit a greater or lesser degree of torque to the rotor of the shredding mill.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] For the purpose of helping to make this specification more readily understandable, a set of drawings constituting an integral part of the same has been included below, wherein by way of illustration and not limitation represent the following:

[0048] FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional side view of the mobile metal shredder object of the invention.

[0049] FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the actuating device with the motor, the hydraulic pumps and the hydraulic clutch with a variable flow of the mobile metal shredder object of the invention.

[0050] The various numerical references found in the figures correspond to the following elements: [0051] 1. Feeding device; [0052] 2. Shredding mill; [0053] 3. Removal device; [0054] 4. Actuating device; [0055] 5. Motor; [0056] 6. Hammers; [0057] 7. Rotor; [0058] 8. Shredding chamber; [0059] 9. Shredder; [0060] 10. First toothed roller; [0061] 11. Second toothed roller; [0062] 12. Hopper; [0063] 13. Hydraulic clutch with variable flow; [0064] 14. Hydraulic pumps; [0065] 15. Frame; and [0066] 16. Control systems.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0067] Considering the numbering used in the figures, the mobile metal shredder object of the disclosure comprises a feeding device (1) that receives the material to be shredded and moves it towards a shredding mill (2) where the shredding of the material received through the feeding device (1) is carried out, and then to a removal device (3) for removing the material that has now been shredded by the shredding mill.

[0068] Furthermore, the mobile metal shredder object of the disclosure comprises an actuating device (4) that comprises a single motor (5) which provides the necessary power for all of the components of the shredder to function properly, in other words, the motor (5) provides energy to the feeding device (1), to the shredding mill (2) and to the removal device (3).

[0069] The shredding mill (2) in the preferred embodiment of the disclosure comprises a plurality of hammers (6) associated with a rotor (7) inside the shredding chamber (8) such that the impact against the metal material causes the shredding of the metal material.

[0070] The feeding device (1) of the mobile metal shredder object of the disclosure incorporates a hopper (12) in which the material to be shredded is placed, and a shredder (9), which performs a first shredding of the metal material at a low speed, so that when the metal material reaches the shredding mill (2), where hammers (6) associated with the rotor (7) rotate at a very high speed and produce sparks and heat inside the shredding chamber (8), possible traces of flammable materials present in the material to be shredded are prevented from producing explosions, which are dangerous for the operation of the shredder.

[0071] In the preferred embodiment of the disclosure of the mobile metal shredder, the shredder (9) comprises a first toothed roller (10) and a second toothed roller (11) that rotates in the opposite direction to that of the first toothed roller (10). The first toothed roller (10) in the preferred embodiment of the disclosure rotates at a slow speed (approximately 2-3 r/min) while the second toothed roller (11) rotates at a greater speed than the speed of the first toothed roller (10), at approximately 8-11 r/min).

[0072] The toothed rollers (10, 11) have teeth interspersed throughout the width of the same, such that the material to be shredded is trapped by the teeth of the two toothed rollers (10, 11) and once it is shredded, it is then moved to the shredding mill (2).

[0073] The feeding of the shredding mill (2) is regulated by regulating the rotational speed of the toothed rollers (10, 11) of the shredder (9), since the shredding mill is fed (2) from the production of the shredder (9).

[0074] The mobile metal shredder object of the disclosure moves the rotor (7) of the shredding mill (2) with a series of pulleys and belts joined to the motor (5) with the interposition of a hydraulic clutch with variable flow (13), while the two toothed rollers (10, 11) of the shredder (9) are associated with a plurality of hydraulic pumps (14) that can make them rotate at a higher or lower speed.

[0075] The plurality of hydraulic pumps (14) and the hydraulic clutch with variable flow (13) that are joined to the motor (5) make up a control system (16) which ensures maximum efficiency of the single motor (5) of the mobile shredder object of the disclosure.

[0076] The operation of the control system (16) is simple, given that, assuming a state of equilibrium between the shredder (9) and the shredding mill (2), the hydraulic pumps (14) which move the toothed rollers (10, 11) of the shredder (9) operate a full capacity, feeding the shredding mill (2) with an amount of the product that the shredding mill (2) is capable of shredding. Now, at the moment when material that has come out of the shredder (9) accumulates in the shredding mill (2), the rotor (7) of the shredding mill (2) will require additional power from the motor (5), and this additional power comes from reducing the output of the hydraulic pumps (14) that move the toothed rollers (10, 11) of the shredder (9), and as such, an automatic regulation of the material that comes out of the shredder (9) and which has to be absorbed by the shredding mill (2) is carried out.

[0077] The mobile metal shredder object of the disclosure further has a plurality of measuring systems for controlling the workload of the motor (5) and of the hydraulic pumps (14) of the shredder (9).

[0078] The measuring systems that are incorporated in the shredder are: [0079] Pressure transducers, in order to know the working pressures in the shafts of the rollers (10, 11) of the shredder (9). [0080] Speed sensors in order to know the speed of the rollers (10, 11) of the shredder (9) or flow meters for the same purpose. [0081] A control unit of the motor that measures the speed of the motor (5), which is the same as the input speed of the hydraulic clutch of variable flow (13), and the torque of the motor; with this datum and the datum of the speed of the motor, the power delivered by the motor (5) is determined. [0082] Speed sensor of the rotor (7). [0083] Temperature sensor for the oil of the hydraulic circuit of the clutch with variable flow. [0084] The datum of the speed of the rollers (10, 11) of the shredder (9), along with the datum of the pressure transducers, allows the motor power (5) sent to the part of the shredder (9) to be known.

[0085] Furthermore, mobile metal shredder object of the disclosure has a series of systems for regulating the operation of the shredder. These systems for regulating the operation of the shredder are: [0086] A system for modifying the flow of the hydraulic pumps (14) which power the toothed rollers (10, 11) of the shredder (9). [0087] A system for modifying the speed of the motor (5). [0088] An all or nothing supply system for the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic clutch with variable flow (13) such that it transmits a greater or lesser degree of torque to the rotor (7) of the shredding mill (2).

[0089] By modifying the flow of the hydraulic pumps (14) which power the toothed rollers (10, 11), the speed of the toothed rollers (10, 11) themselves is modified and the power sent the shredder (9) is modified as well. The pressure of the hydraulic pumps (14) is limited to a maximum value.

[0090] The all or nothing supply system for the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic clutch with variable flow (13) is used to prevent overloading of the motor (5) of the mobile metal shredder object of the disclosure.

[0091] With these systems for controlling and regulating the operation, it is known at all times what percentage of the motor (5) power is being sent to each part of the shredder itself, in other words to the shredder (9) or to the shredding mill (2).

[0092] This way, if it is detected that the motor (5) is operating above the pre-established values and it is in the part of the shredding mill (2), more power can be sent to the shredding mill (2), reducing the flow of the hydraulic pumps (14) of the shredder, thereby regulating the feeding (9) and vice versa.

[0093] All of the components of the mobile metal shredder object of the disclosure are incorporated on a frame (15), said frame (15) in turn resting on the ground by means of a drive system, which in the preferred embodiment of the disclosure are caterpillar tracks but could also be a plurality of wheels or any other means that make the shredder object of the disclosure mobile.

[0094] The present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments described herein. Those skilled in the art may develop other embodiments in light of the description made herein. As such, the scope of the disclosure is defined by the following claims.