Magnetic bearing and method for mounting a ferromagnetic structure around a core of a magnetic bearing

Abstract

Magnetic bearing that is provided with a radial actuator part and an axial actuator part, whereby the aforementioned radial actuator part comprises a laminated stator stack that is provided with a stator yoke, wherein the stator yoke is linked to a closed ferromagnetic structure that surrounds the stator yoke.

Claims

1. A magnetic bearing comprising a radial actuator part configured to create radial magnetic forces and an axial actuator part configured to create axial magnetic forces, wherein the aforementioned radial actuator part comprises a laminated stator stack that is provided with a stator yoke, wherein the magnetic bearing comprises at least one closed ferromagnetic structure that surrounds a part of the stator yoke, wherein the axial actuator part comprises at least one axial control coil that surrounds the laminated stator stack, and further comprises a pole yoke and two axial poles; wherein permanent magnets are provided between the stator yoke and both axial poles; the permanent magnets are magnetised in an axial direction; and the magnetisation direction of the permanent magnets is opposite at both axial sides of the stator yoke, and wherein a path of an axial control flux crosses a central hole of a stack of laminated ferromagnetic material.

2. The magnetic bearing according to claim 1, wherein the closed ferromagnetic structure comprises wound flat ribbon.

3. The magnetic bearing according to claim 1, wherein the closed ferromagnetic structure comprises a ferrite.

4. The magnetic bearing according to claim 1, wherein the closed ferromagnetic structure comprises a soft magnetic composite powder.

5. The magnetic bearing according to claim 1, wherein the closed ferromagnetic structure comprises an amorphous or nanocrystalline material.

6. The magnetic bearing according to claim 1, wherein the closed ferromagnetic structure comprises a number of interconnected parts.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) With the intention of better showing the characteristics of the invention, some preferred embodiments of a magnetic bearing according to the invention are described hereinafter by way of an example, without any limiting nature, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

(2) FIGS. 1 to 3 show longitudinal cross-sections of known combo bearings;

(3) FIGS. 4 and 5 show a radial cross-section of known combo bearings;

(4) FIG. 6 schematically shows a perspective view of the part of a magnetic bearing according to the invention, that is responsible for generating radial forces;

(5) FIG. 7 shows a cross-section according to line VII-VII in FIG. 6;

(6) FIGS. 10, 13 and 14 show various embodiments of the yoke of the stack of laminated material according to FIG. 7;

(7) FIGS. 8 and 9 show successive steps of the assembly of a ferromagnetic structure according to FIG. 7;

(8) FIG. 11 shows a part of the ferromagnetic structure according to FIG. 10;

(9) FIG. 12 shows an exploded view of the ferromagnetic structure according to FIG. 14;

(10) FIG. 15 shows the resulting hollow ferromagnetic structures can be divided into parts; and

(11) FIG. 16 shows an exploded view of the ferromagnetic structure according to FIG. 14.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(12) Some longitudinal cross-sections of state-of-the-art combo bearing types are shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3. Two possible radial cross-sections of state-of-the-art combo bearing types are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

(13) The alternative designs that are shown, are all composed of a laminated rotor stack 1, a laminated stator stack 2, a stator yoke 3, a pole yoke 12, two axial poles 4a and 4b and at least three radial poles 5.

(14) Axial forces are controlled by an axial control coil 6, whose construction is rotationally symmetrical.

(15) Radial forces are controlled by radial control coils 7 that are wound around the radial poles 5.

(16) If the bias field is not generated by permanent magnets 8, it can be generated by adding a bias current to the axial control current in a certain way or by guiding a bias current through a separate bias coil, which also presents a rotationally symmetrical form and is localised close to the axial control coil 6. The aforementioned bias coil has the same construction as the axial control coil 6, is physically separated from this axial control coil 6, and is in the immediate vicinity of it.

(17) When a current is supplied to the radial control coil 7, a flux begins to flow in the plane of the lamellae of the stator stack 2.

(18) The flux that is generated by a current supplied to the axial control coil 6, flows through the pole yoke 12, then goes into an axial pole 4a, crosses the split to the rotor stack 1, crosses the split to the opposite axial pole 4b and finally returns in the pole yoke 12.

(19) As a result of the foregoing, a time-variable flux crosses the central hole of the stator stack 2, as the axial control current varies over time.

(20) According to the laws of Faraday-Lenz and Ohm, circulation currents are generated in the lamellae of the stator stack 2. Hence, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a damping device for these induced circulation currents.

(21) The impedance that the circulation currents are subject to are primarily determined by the tangential resistance of the lamella stack.

(22) There can be a small inductive contribution, but it is relatively limited. The present invention concerns the mounting of an additional device around the laminated stack, so that the inductive contribution to the impedance is substantially increased.

(23) According to the invention this is done in a practical way by the stator yoke being linked to a closed, ferromagnetic structure 9 that surrounds the stator yoke 3, as shown in FIG. 6.

(24) In practice, this being linked means that the aforementioned ferromagnetic structure 9 in fact surrounds a part of the stator yoke 3, while the stator yoke 3 also surrounds a part of the aforementioned ferromagnetic structure 9, like two links of a chain that are linked together.

(25) Axial cross-sections of the stator yoke 3 of the stack of laminated material with a few typical variants of surrounding hollow ferromagnetic structures 9, are shown in FIGS. 7, 10, 13 and 14.

(26) In order to maximise the performance of this method, ideally additional measures are taken to limit or prevent the eddy currents generated in the hollow ferromagnetic structure.

(27) This can be realised for example by assembling the hollow ferromagnetic structure 9, making use of parts 10 such as ferrite parts, soft magnetic composite parts or parts of stacked thin ferromagnetic lamellae.

(28) In order to minimise the magnetic reluctance of the ferromagnetic structure 9 and the costs, the aforementioned parts 10 are preferably U shaped, as shown in FIG. 8.

(29) FIG. 9 shows the way in which such U shaped parts could be mounted around the stator yoke 3. Instead of using U shaped parts 10, straight parts 11 can also be used, as shown in FIG. 11.

(30) FIG. 12 shows the way in which these straight parts 11 of FIG. 11 could be mounted around the stator yoke 3. In order to minimise the magnetic reluctance, it is necessary for the parts to be pressed together.

(31) However, such a hollow ferromagnetic structure 9 could also be made by winding amorphous ribbons or nanocrystalline ribbons around the stator yoke 3 of the stack of laminated material, as shown in FIG. 13.

(32) Instead of winding these materials directly, these materials can also be wound on a separate structure, the resulting hollow ferromagnetic structures can be divided into parts, as shown in FIG. 15, these parts can be joined together again around the stator yoke 3 of the stack of laminated material, as shown in FIG. 16, and these parts are pressed together in order to minimise the magnetic reluctance.

(33) The invention is by no means limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the drawings, but a magnetic bearing according to the invention can be realised in all kinds of variants, without departing from the scope of the invention.