Steel fuel conveying pipe

Abstract

Provided is a steel fuel conveying pipe with high quality which has high resistance to corrosive fuel and followability, and allows working after plating. The steel fuel conveying pipe is characterized in that a Ni-plate layer is formed on an inner surface of a steel pipe of base material, the Ni-plated layer is wholly composed of a mutual diffusion layer including the base material and Ni and a non-mutual diffusion layer including only Ni formed on an outermost surface of the diffusion layer, a layer thickness of the non-mutual diffusion layer is 3 m or more, and a total layer thickness of the mutual diffusion layer and the non-mutual diffusion layer is 10 m or more and 25 m or less.

Claims

1. A steel fuel conveying pipe comprising a Ni-plated layer formed by electroplating on an inner surface of a steel pipe of a base material, wherein the Ni-plated layer is composed of a mutual diffusion layer including the base material and Ni and a non-mutual diffusion layer including only Ni provided on an outermost surface of the mutual diffusion layer, and a layer thickness of the non-mutual diffusion layer is 3 m or more, and a total layer thickness of the mutual diffusion layer and the non-mutual diffusion layer is 10 m to 25 m, and wherein the Ni-plated layer composed of the mutual diffusion layer and the non-mutual diffusion layer is applied up to a seal area at a terminal end of a connection head portion.

2. A steel fuel conveying pipe having opposite inner and outer surfaces and a terminal end extending between the inner and outer surfaces, a connection head being formed adjacent the terminal end, the outer surface of the pipe at the connection head having a convex tapered seal area adjacent the terminal end, the fuel conveying pipe comprising: a steel base material; and an electroplated Ni layer formed on the steel base material at the inner surface of the pipe, the terminal end of the pipe and the convex tapered seal area, the Ni-plated layer being composed of a mutual diffusion layer that includes the base material and Ni and a non-mutual diffusion layer including only Ni provided on an outermost surface of the mutual diffusion layer, a layer thickness of the non-mutual diffusion layer being 3 m or more, and a total layer thickness of the Ni-plated layer being 10 m to 25 m.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main section showing an embodiment of a fuel conveying pipe of the present invention.

(2) FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the main section of the fuel conveying pipe shown in FIG. 1 in an enlarged manner.

(3) FIG. 3 is an illustrative sectional view showing a Ni-plated layer of the fuel conveying pipe shown in FIG. 1 in an enlarged manner.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(4) FIG. 1 exemplifies a connection structure of a fuel conveying pipe of the present invention, in which a fuel conveying pipe 1 that has a flow passage 1-2 at an axial center of the pipe and a connection head portion 1-1 formed with a pressing seat face 1-3 having a tapered, approximately conical and arc-shaped seat face 1-4 at a distal end thereof, contacts with a pressure-receiving face 2-2, that is opened outward in a conical shape, of a cylindrical mating part 2 having a through-hole 2-1 formed with the pressure-receiving face 2-2 and formed with a male screw 2-3 on an outer circumferential face thereof, and a male screw provided on the mating part 2 is screwed with a cap nut 3 assembled to the fuel conveying pipe 1 in advance, so that fastening is performed by pressing below a neck of the connection head portion 1-1 of the fuel conveying pipe 1.

(5) For a steel pipe used as a base material of the fuel conveying pipe 1 of the present invention, it is preferable to employ a seamless pipe which can be expected to have proper high durability achieving further effective function and effect to corrosive fuel. Further, since the connection head portion 1-1 at an end of the fuel conveying pipe 1 is formed, for example, by buckling working, a welding step for joining working may be excluded. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a stress corrosion crack (SCC) during plastic working appearing in a conventional stainless pipe, and to prevent intercrystalline corrosion or sensitization due to thermal influence during joining working (rising the degree of risk of occurrence of SCC), and reduction of lowering of mechanical property (strength).

(6) A Ni-plated layer 4 is provided on an inner surface of the above-described fuel conveying pipe 1, namely, in a fuel flow passage region including a seal region (such as a seat face 1-4) at a terminal end of the pipe, is composed of a diffusion layer (FeNi) 4a formed of a pipe base material (Fe) 11 and Ni and a non-diffusion layer 4b formed of only Ni that is provided on an outermost surface of the diffusion layer 4a, as showing a section of the Ni-plated layer 4. A layer thickness of the non-diffusion layer is 3 m or more, and a total layer thickness of the diffusion layer 4a and the non-diffusion layer 4b is 10 m or more and 25 m or less. Here, the reason why the layer thickness of the non-diffusion layer 4b of only Ni formed on the outermost surface of the diffusion layer 4a is limited to 3 m or more and the total layer thickness of the diffusion layer 4a and the non-diffusion layer 4b is limited to 10 m or more and 25 m or less, is that stress of the Ni plating is removed by thermal treatment so that followability to a worked portion is provided and a burrier function to corrosion attack to the pipe base material from corrosive fuel is maintained sufficiently. When the total layer thickness of the diffusion layer 4a and the non-diffusion layer 4b exceeds 25 m, an effect meeting rising of a manufacturing cost cannot be obtained and there is further a possibility that since an inner diameter size of the pipe material is contracted, deviation from a size tolerance of the high-pressure fuel pipe occurs.

(7) According to the present invention, even if the Zn plating of a fuel pipe obtained by applying the Zn plating applied to an outer surface of a pipe to a portion of an inner surface of the pipe is whole eluted by corrosive fuel, corrosion resistance is maintained by providing, on the inner surface of the pipe of the fuel conveying pipe 1, the Ni-plated layer composed of the diffusion layer 4a having the pipe base material 11 and Ni and the non-diffusion layer 4b having Ni only formed on the outermost surface of the diffusion layer 4a, the layer thickness of the non-diffusion layer 4b being 3 m or more and the total layer thickness of the diffusion layer 4a and the non-diffusion layer 4b being 10 m or more and 25 m or less, as described above. In addition, while the diffusion layer 4a formed of the pipe base material and Ni has firm anchor effect owing to mutual diffusion between the pipe base material and Ni, the non-diffusion layer 4b is improved regarding its malleability and has followability because stress is removed by thermal treatment, so that film crack does not occur even in a worked portion of terminal end working, bending working or the like. Further, by applying the Ni-plated layer having a predetermined layer thickness and composed of the diffusion layer 4a and the non-diffusion layer 4b to a portion including the seal area at the terminal end of the pipe, the fuel conveying pipe can hold corrosion resistance to corrosive fuel without applying Zn plating.

EXAMPLE

(8) The present invention will be explained below more specifically based upon examples. However, the present invention is not limited by the examples described below, and all of modifications and implementations of the invention in the scope which does not deviate from the gist of the present invention are involved in the technical scope of the present invention.

(9) In the examples, an effect of the Ni-plated layer (an anti-rust film layer) which was applied to an inner face of the pipe was determined by performing corrosion test to corrosive fuel and observing a corrosion situation (corrosion resistance) visually and using a microscope.

Examples 1 to 9

(10) Steel pipe materials having an outer diameter of 8 mm and an inner diameter of 5 mm (Test material Nos. 1 to 9) were used as pipe base materials, and a Ni-plated layer (a layer thickness was 10 m or more and 25 m or less) composed of a diffusion layer having a layer thickness of 0.6 to 19.6 m and a non-diffusion layer having a layer thickness of 3.1 to 20.6 m was formed on an inner surface of each pipe by conventional electroplating and thermal treatment.

(11) A result obtained by performing measurement of layer thicknesses of the Ni-plated layers composed of the diffusion layer and the non-diffusion layer and formed on steel pipe materials in the examples, corrosiveness test and followability test (bending working test) thereof in the following procedure is shown in Table 1.

(12) Measurement of Layer Thickness of Ni-Plated Layer:

(13) The layer thickness of the Ni-plated layer composed of the diffusion layer and the non-diffusion layer was measured by linear analysis using a scanning electron microscope (Model 6510LA manufactured by JEOL) and an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (Model JED-2300 manufactured by JEOL).

(14) Corrosiveness Test:

(15) Corroded conditions inside the pipe obtained by sealing corrosive fuel (20% of mixed with alcohol (gasoline) containing 500 ppm of organic acid (formic acid and acetic acid), 5% of water, and 10 ppm of chloride) into each of the steel pipe material having a whole inner face which was applied with Ni plating, and leaving the pipe at a temperature of 120 C. for 1000 hours were confirmed. Corrosion evaluation was determined by confirming presence/absence of red rust visually and a stereoscopic microscope.

(16) Followability Test:

(17) After bending working toward a U shape with R15 was applied to each steal pipe material having a whole inner face which was applied with Ni plating, crack situation of a film of a plated film at the bending-worked portion was observed using a scanning microscope.

Comparative Examples 1 to 4

(18) Steel pipe materials having an outer diameter of 8 mm and an inner diameter of 5 mm similarly to those of examples 1 to 9 were used, and a Ni-plated layer composed of a diffusion layer having a layer thickness of 1.0 to 22.0 m and a non-diffusion layer having a layer thickness of 1.9 to 6.0 m was formed on an inner surface of each pipe by conventional electroplating and thermal treatment. Measurement of the layer thickness of the Ni-plated layers was performed by the same method as those of the above-described examples 1 to 9.

(19) A result obtained by performing corrosiveness test and followability test (bending working test) of the Ni-plated layers composed of the diffusion layer and the non-diffusion layer and formed on steel pipe materials in the comparative examples in the same method as that of the above-described examples is also shown in Table 1.

Conventional Example 1

(20) A result obtained by using a steel pipe material having an outer diameter of 8 mm and an inner diameter of 5 mm similarly to those of examples 1 to 9, forming only a non-diffusion layer having layer thickness of 7.0 m on an inner surface of the pipe by conventional electroplating (without a non-diffusion layer), and performing a corrosiveness test and followability test (bending working test) in the same method as those of the above-described examples is also shown in Table 1. Measurement of the layer thickness of the Ni-plated layer was performed by the same method as those of the above-described examples 1 to 9.

Conventional Example 2

(21) A result obtained by using a steel pipe material having an outer diameter of 8 mm and an inner diameter of 5 mm similarly to those of examples 1 to 9, forming only a non-diffusion layer having layer thickness of 7.5 m on an inner surface of the pipe by conventional electroplating and thermal treatment (without a non-diffusion layer), and performing a corrosiveness test and followability test (bending work test) in the same method as that of the above-described examples is also shown in Table 1. Measurement of the layer thickness of the Ni-plated layer was performed by the same method as those of the above-described examples 1 to 9.

Conventional Example 3

(22) A result of corrosiveness test and followability test (bending work test) of a stainless pipe material (made of SUS304) having an outer diameter of 8 mm and an inner diameter of 5 mm similarly to those of examples 1 to 9 is also shown in Table 1.

Conventional Example 4

(23) A result obtained by using a steel pipe material having an outer diameter of 8 mm and an inner diameter of 5 mm similarly to those of examples 1 to 9, forming a non-diffusion layer having a layer thickness of 4.6 m on an inner surface of the pipe by electroplating of NiP, and performing corrosiveness test and followability test (bending working test) of the pipe material where a portion of a terminal end inside the pipe was coated with Zn plating is also shown in Table 1.

(24) From the result shown in Table 1, the following consideration can be performed.

(25) (1) In the case of each of the steel pipe materials of the present invention of examples 1 to 9 formed on an inner surface of a pipe with the Ni-plated layer composed of the diffusion layer formed on the base material and Ni, and the non-diffusion layer formed on only Ni provided on the outermost surface of the diffusion layer, the layer thickness of the non-diffusion layer being 3 m or more and the total layer thickness of the non-diffusion layer and the diffusion layer being 10 m or more and 25 m or less, followability appeared even in a worked portion since stress of the Ni plating could be removed by thermal treatment, and anti-rusty performance to corrosive fuel was maintained sufficiently thanks to the non-diffusion layer having a thickness of 3.0 m or more and the total of the non-diffusion layer and the diffusion layer having a thickness of 10 m or more, so that occurrence of rust in both the non-worked portion and the worked portion cannot appear and the steel pipe material is apparently excellent in followability and corrosion resistance.

(26) (2) In the case of the pipe material (having the layer thickness of 2.1 m) of the comparative example 1 where the layer thickness of the non-diffusion layer deviated from the specified value of the present invention, the corrosion resistance is poorer than those of examples 1 to 9 of the present invention since the layer film was a thin film as apparent from the result of the corrosiveness test, although the followability was not problematic. Thus, adoption as the fuel conveying pipe is difficult.

(27) (3) In the case of the pipe material (having the total layer thickness of 28.0 m) of the comparative example 2 where the total layer thickness of the non-diffusion layer of Ni and the diffusion layer deviated from the specified value of the present invention, an inner diameter of the pipe material is reduced when the total layer thickness of the non-diffusion layer of Ni and the diffusion layer exceeds 25 m as described above, although the followability appeared even in the worked portion, and anti-rusty performance to corrosive fuel was maintained sufficiently, so that occurrence of red rust does not appear in the non-worked portion and the worked portion. Thus adoption as the fuel conveying pipe is also difficult.

(28) (4) In the case of the pipe material (having the layer thickness of 1.9 m) of the comparative example 3 where the layer thickness of the non-diffusion layer deviated from the specified value of the present invention, the corrosion resistance is poorer than those of examples 1 to 9 of the present invention since the layer film is a thin film as apparent from the result of the corrosiveness test, although the followability is not problematic, similarly to the comparative example 1. Thus adoption as the fuel conveying pipe is difficult.

(29) (5) In the case of the pipe material (having the total layer thickness of 5.5 m) of the comparative example 4 where the total layer thickness of the non-diffusion layer of Ni and the diffusion layer thereof deviated from the specified value of the present invention, the corrosion resistance is poorer than those of examples 1 to 9 of the present invention since the layer film is a thin film as apparent from the result of the corrosiveness test, although the followability is not problematic. Thus adoption as the fuel conveying pipe is difficult.

(30) (6) In the case of the conventional example 1, since the thermal treatment was not performed, a diffusion layer appeared, and since stress of Ni plating could not be removed, a crack of the layer film was confirmed in the followability test, and further occurrence of rust was confirmed in the worked portion where the crack of the layer film was confirmed in the corrosiveness test. It is thus apparent that the conventional example 1 is poorer in quality than the surface-treated pipe material of the present invention.

(31) (7) In the case of the conventional example 2, occurrence of rust appeared on the surface layer beginning at Fe since Fe was diffused up to a surface layer so that the no diffusion layer was present, although stress of the Ni plating could be removed by thermal treatment and therefore no cracking of the layer film appeared in the working which was performed after plating. It is thus apparent that the conventional example 2 is poorer in quality than the surface-treated pipe material of the present invention.

(32) (8) In the case of the conventional example 3 where the stainless steel was used in the base material pipe material, occurrence of rust appeared in both the worked portion and the non-worked portion in the corrosiveness test, so that it cannot be said that the conventional example 3 is sufficient regarding quality as the fuel conveying pipe.

(33) (9) In the case of the conventional example 4, since it is known that a non-electroplating of NiP does not have followability generally, corrosiveness test was performed to the pipe material which was applied with non-electroplating of NiP after the pipe material was worked. Therefore, a crack of the plating due to the working did not appear and occurrence of rust was not confirmed even in the corrosiveness test. However, occurrence of white rust (corrosion of Zn plating) appeared significantly. It is thought that in the case of the non-electroplating of NiP, a layer thickness (a film thickness) of the level of several tens m is required to completely exclude a defect such as a pinhole, but though a thin film having a layer thickness of 4.6 m is present in the conventional example 4, the corrosion resistance within the pipe was supplemented by the sacrifice anticorrosion of the Zn plating by applying the Zn plating to a portion of an inner surface of the pipe. Incidentally, in this example 4, since after bending working, plating treatment was performed to the bent portion, the followability test and the corrosiveness test of the bent portion were not implemented.

(34) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Result of corrosiveness test Layer thickness (m) straight Non- pipe diffusion portion Bent Film on Non- layer + Result of (non- portion Test material inner diffusion Diffusion diffusion followability worked (worked No. Material surface layer layer layer test portion) portion) Present 1 Steel Electro 4.6 8.0 12.6 Invention plating of Ni 2 Steel Electro 5.0 12.5 17.5 plating of Ni 3 Steel Electro 3.1 7.4 10.5 plating of Ni 4 Steel Electro 3.6 10.3 13.9 plating of Ni 5 Steel Electro 7.0 7.9 14.9 plating of Ni 6 Steel Electro 9.6 0.6 10.2 plating of Ni 7 Steel Electro 20.6 2.5 23.1 plating of Ni 8 Steel Electro 16.3 8.5 24.8 plating of Ni 9 Steel Electro 4.6 19.6 24.2 plating of Ni Comparative 1 Steel Electro 2.1 2.0 4.1 Example plating of Ni 2 Steel Electro 6.0 22.0 28.0 plating of Ni 3 Steel Electro 1.9 15.8 17.7 plating of Ni 4 Steel Electro 4.5 1.0 5.5 plating of Ni Conventional 1 Steel Electro 7.0 0.0 7.0 X X Example plating of Ni 2 Steel Electro 0.0 7.5 7.5 plating of Ni 3 SUS304 4 Steel Non- 4.6 0.0 4.6 electro plating of NiP + Terminal End of Zn Result of followability test, : absence of film crack, X: presence of film crack Result of corrosiveness test, : absence of red rust occurrence, : slight presence of red rust occurrence, X: presence of red rust occurrence

Example 10

(35) For the purpose of examining an effect of anti-rust film layer which was applied to an inner surface, in particular, to a seal portion at a terminal end of the pipe, the fuel conveying pipe shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a steel pipe material having an outer diameter of 8 mm and an inner diameter of 5 mm and having a connection head portion similar to one shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 was used, and a Ni-plated layer (having a total layer thickness of 14.8 m composed of a non-diffusion layer having a layer thickness of 7.3 m and a diffusion layer having a layer thickness of 7.5 m was formed by conventional electroplating and thermal treatment. At this time, the whole fuel flow passage region was covered with the Ni plating by applying the Ni-plated layer where the non-diffusion layer having a layer thickness of 7.3 m and a diffusion layer having a layer thickness of 7.5 m were present to the seal portion. Regarding the steel pipe material, a result of corrosiveness test which was performed in a procedure similar to those of the above-described examples 1 to 9 is shown in Table 2.

(36) As apparent from the result of the corrosiveness test shown in Table 2, occurrence of red rust did not appear even in this example.

Comparative Example 5

(37) A steel pipe material similarly to that of example 10 was used, and regarding the steel pipe covered with a Ni-plated layer (having a total layer thickness of 14.5 m) composed of a non-diffusion layer having a layer thickness of 6.9 m and a diffusion layer having a layer thickness of 7.6 m up to an end portion of an inner surface thereof except for a seal area at the terminal end of the pipe, a result of corrosiveness test which was performed according to a procedure similar to those in the above-described examples 1 to 9 is also shown in Table 2.

(38) In this comparative example, since the Ni-plated layer composed of the non-diffusion layer having a layer thickness of 6.9 m and the diffusion layer having a layer thickness of 7.6 m was not applied up to the seal area at the terminal end of the pipe so that the steel pipe was only covered with the Ni-plated layer up to the end portion of the inner surface of the steel pipe, occurrence of red rust did not appear on a portion which was applied with the Ni-plated layer but occurrence of red rust was confirmed on the seal area at the terminal end of the pipe in the corrosiveness test.

(39) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Result of corrosiveness Layer thickness (m) test Non- (terminal Coating diffusion end of film on Covering Non- layer + inner Test material inner range of Ni diffusion Diffusion diffusion surface~seal No. Material surface layer layer layer layer area) Present 10 Steel Electroplating Up to seal 7.3 7.5 14.8 Invention of Ni area of connection head portion Comparative 5 Steel Electroplating Up to end 6.9 7.6 14.5 X Example of Ni portion of inner surface of connection head portion : Absence of red rust occurrence, X: presence of red rust occurrence

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

(40) 1 . . . fuel conveying pipe

(41) 1-1 . . . connection head portion

(42) 1-2 . . . flow passage

(43) 1-3 . . . pressing seat face

(44) 1-4 . . . seat face

(45) 2 . . . mating part

(46) 2-1 . . . through-hole

(47) 2-2 . . . pressure-receiving seat face

(48) 2-3 . . . male screw

(49) 3 . . . cap nut

(50) 4 . . . Ni-plated layer

(51) 4a . . . diffusion layer

(52) 4b . . . non-diffusion layer

(53) 11 . . . pipe base material