Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine

Abstract

The invention relates to a cylinder head (1) for an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder, having at least one valve seat ring (3) for a lifting valve, wherein the valve seat ring (3) is surrounded by an annular cooling channel (4) for a coolant which is formed at least partially into the cylinder head (1), wherein the cooling channel (4) surrounds the valve seat ring at least partially and extends between at least one inlet (5, 15, 25) and at least one outlet (6). In order to reduce the valve wear, it is provided that, as viewed in a section perpendicularly with respect to the axis (3a) of the valve seat ring (3), the cooling channel (4) has at least one preferably substantially crescent-shaped bulge (10) in the region of the inlet (5, 55, 25) and/or the outlet (6).

Claims

1. A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder, comprising: a valve seat ring for a lifting valve, an annular cooling channel for a coolant formed at least partially into the cylinder head and at least partially surrounding the valve seat ring and extending between at least one inlet and at least one outlet, wherein the cooling channel, when as viewed in a section perpendicularly to an axis of the valve seat ring, has at least one substantially crescent-shaped bulge only in a region of at least one of the inlet and the outlet, and wherein 0.2.Math.Rr0.8.Math.R, r being a radius of the bulge and R being a radius of the cooling channel.

2. The cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein the bulge has an at least partially substantially circular segment shape.

3. The cylinder head according to claim 2, wherein the bulge is produced by a turning tool.

4. The cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein the bulge is disposed asymmetrically in relation to a meridian plane (, ) running through a centre of the inlet or outlet.

5. The cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein said at least one inlet opens at an angle into the cooling channel, wherein the angle between a central line of an inlet channel leading to said at least one inlet and a tangent (t) to the cooling channel in a region of said at least one inlet is spanned, and wherein 090.

6. The cylinder head according to claim 5, wherein said at least one inlet opens radially into the cooling channel so that =90.

7. The cylinder head according to claim 5, wherein said at least one inlet opens tangentially into the cooling channel and =0.

8. The cylinder head according to claim 5, wherein said at least one inlet opens obliquely into the cooling channel and 090.

9. The cylinder head according to claim 8, wherein a central line of the inlet opening obliquely into the cooling channel is disposed tangentially to a circle of curvature of a bulge of a further inlet.

10. The cylinder head according to claim 9, wherein the further inlet opens radially into the cooling channel.

11. The cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein the inlet is disposed diametrically to the outlet in relation to the axis of the valve seat ring.

12. The cylinder head according to claim 11, wherein the inlet is a radial inlet which opens radially into the cooling channel.

13. The cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein said at least one inlet is disposed on a first side of a meridian plane () of the valve seat ring through the outlet facing an outlet valve bridge.

14. The cylinder head according to claim 13, wherein the inlet opens tangentially into the cooling channel and/or the inlet opens obliquely into the cooling channel.

15. The cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of inlets open into the cooling channel.

16. The cylinder head according to claim 15, wherein the inlets are arranged asymmetrically in relation to a meridian plane of the valve seat ring through the outlet.

17. The cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein at least two inlet channels are positioned so that central lines thereof extending through the respective inlets intersect at a point on a meridian plane () of the valve seat ring through the outlet and/or at a point in the region of a cooling jacket of a component, which opens into a combustion chamber.

18. The cylinder head according to claim 17, wherein the component is an injection device.

19. The cylinder head according to claim 17, wherein the component opens centrally into a combustion chamber.

20. The cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein the cooling channel of the valve seat ring is separate from a cooling system of the cylinder head.

21. The cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein 0.4.Math.Rr0.6.Math.R.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The invention is explained in detail hereinafter with reference to the figures. In the figures:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a cylinder head according to the invention in a first embodiment in a section according to the line I-I in FIG. 3;

(3) FIG. 2 shows a cylinder head according to the invention in a second embodiment in a section similar to FIG. 1;

(4) FIG. 3 shows the cylinder head in a section according to the line III-III in FIG. 1;

(5) FIG. 4 shows the detail IV from FIG. 3;

(6) FIG. 5 shows a cylinder head according to the invention in a third embodiment in a section similar to FIG. 1;

(7) FIG. 6 shows a cylinder head according to the invention in a fourth embodiment in a section similar to FIG. 1;

(8) FIG. 7 shows a cylinder head according to the invention in a fifth embodiment in a section similar to FIG. 1; and

(9) FIG. 8 shows the cylinder head according to the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 7.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DEPICTED EMBODIMENTS

(10) Parts having the same function are provided with the same reference numbers in the explanations.

(11) The figures show a cylinder head 1 for at least one cylinder 11 of an internal combustion engine having at least one outlet valve 2 formed by a lifting valve not shown further (of which only the outlet valve opening is shown), wherein at least one valve seat ring 3 is disposed in the cylinder head 1, for example, pressed in, per outlet valve 2. The axis of the valve seat ring 3 is provided with reference number 3a. The valve seat ring 3 pressed in or glued in the cylinder head 1 is surrounded by an annular cooling channel 4 for a coolant which is formed, for example, milled into the cylinder head 1, which cooling channel extends between at least one inlet 5 and an outlet 6 over an angular region of at least 180 around the valve seat ring 3. In the exemplary embodiments, the cooling channel 4 is executed circumferentially around the valve seat ring 3.

(12) However, an interrupted design is also feasible. In this case, the inlet 5 is in communication with an inlet channel 5a, the outlet 6 is in communication with an outlet channel 6a, wherein inlet channel 5a and outlet channel 6a can be formed by bores. The inlet channel 5a starts from a side surfaces 1a of the cylinder head 1 and is directed radially towards the cylinder centre 11a. A component 7 opening centrally into the combustion chamber 14 of the cylinder 11for example a spark plug or an injection deviceis disposed in the region of the cylinder centre 11a, where the component 7 is at least partially surrounded by a cooling chamber 8. The outlet channel 6a opens into the cooling chamber 8.

(13) FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a cylinder head 1, where the cooling channel 4 has a substantially crescent-shaped bulge 10 in the opening region of the inlet channel 5a into the cooling channel 4i.e. in the region of the inlet 5. The bulge 10 can substantially have a circular segment shape and can be produced, for example, by a cutting turning tool, possibly a milling cutter. However a non-cutting manufacture, possibly by an electric erosion method, is also feasible. The radius r of the bulge is advantageously selected from the range 0.2.Math.Rr0.8.Math.R wherein preferably the radius r of the bulge 10 lies between preferably 0.4.Math.R and 0.6.Math.R, By means of a bulge 10 configured in such a manner, flow losses in the region of the inlet 5 can be substantially reduced. A similar bulge can be provided in similar manner also in the region of the outlet 6 (not shown further). In FIG. 1 the bulge 10 is disposed symmetrically with respect to a plane running through the central line 5.

(14) FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment which differs from FIG. 1 in that the bulge 10 is disposed asymmetrically in relation to a meridian plane running through the centre 5 of the inlet 5 and/or a meridian plane of the valve seat ring 3 running through the outlet 6. As a result, on the one hand the flow losses during flow of the coolant into the cooling channel 4 are reduced and on the other hand an asymmetrical quantitative division of the coolant into the two annular subregions 4a, 4b of the cooling channel 4 is achieved. As a result, a higher heat removal can be achieved on one side of the meridian plane or than on the other side. In particular, the heat removal is increased on that side of the meridian plane , in which most of the crescent-shaped bulge 10 is disposed. FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show the arrangement in a section in the meridian plane , , where the inlet 5 is shown in detail in FIG. 4.

(15) FIG. 5 shows the cylinder head 1 in a third embodiment where, in addition to a radial inlet 5 having a radial inlet channel 5a, a tangential inlet 15 having a tangential inlet channel 15a is provided. The tangential inlet channel 15a opens tangentially into the annular cooling channel 4. As a result, a highly asymmetrically defined coolant flow is obtained in the cooling channel 4, where in accordance with the arrows S.sub.A, S.sub.B a higher quantity of coolant flows through the subregion 4a of the cooling channel 4 facing the outlet valve bridge 12 than through the other away-facing subregion 4b so that the cylinder head 1 is cooled more strongly on the side A of the meridian plane or of the valve seat ring 3 than on the side B.

(16) FIG. 6 shows a fourth exemplary embodiment of the cylinder head 1, where similarly to FIG. 5, in addition to the radial inlet 5, a further inlet 25 with a further inlet channel 25a is provided. The furtherslopinginlet channel 25a opens on a side A of the plane or at an acute angle into the annular cooling channel 4, where the angle between a tangent t on the annular cooling channel 4 in the region of the furtherslopinginlet 25 and the central line 25 of the second inlet channel 25 is spanned. The angle is selected between 0 and 90. In the exemplary embodiment the central line 25 of the sloping inlet channel 25a is disposed tangentially on a circle of curvature k having the radius of curvature r of a bulge 10 of the first inlet 5. As a result, a defined asymmetric coolant flow according to the arrows S.sub.A, S.sub.B is obtained in the cooling channel 4, where a higher quantity of coolant flows through the subregion 4a of the cooling channel 4 facing the outlet valve bridge 12 than through the other away-facing subregion 4b. The cylinder head 1 is also cooled more strongly on the side A of the meridian plane or than on the side B.

(17) FIG. 7 shows a fifth embodiment of the cylinder head 1 with a combination of the measures shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6. In addition to the radial inlet 5, two further inletsnamely a tangential inlet 15 and a sloping inlet 25 are provided, where the tangential inlet 15 comprises a tangential inlet channel 15a opening tangentially into the cooling channel 4 and the sloping inlet 25 has a sloping inlet channel 25a opening at an acute angle into the cooling channel 4. The sloping inlet channel 25a opens on a side A of the plane or at an acute angle into the annular cooling channel 4, where the angle between a tangent t on the annular cooling channel 4 in the region of the sloping inlet 25 and the central line 25 of the sloping inlet channel 25 is spanned. The angle is selected between 0 and 90. Both second inlet channels 15a, 25a open on a side A of the plane or into the annular cooling channel 4 which is facing the outlet valve bridge 12. As a result, a particularly strongly defined asymmetric coolant flow according to the arrows S.sub.A, S.sub.B is obtained in the cooling channel 4, where a substantially higher quantity of coolant flows through the subregion 4a of the cooling channel 4 facing the outlet valve bridge 12 than through the other away-facing subregion 4b. The cylinder head 1 is thus cooled more strongly on the side A of the meridian plane than on the side B.

(18) As is deduced from FIG. 5, FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the inlet channels 5, 15, 25 are configured so that the central lines thereof 5, 15, 25 running through the respective inlets 5, 15, 25 intersect at a point P on a meridian plane of the valve seat ring 3 through the outlet 6. The point P is in this case favourably located in the region of the cooling jacket 8 of the component 7 which opens centrally into the combustion chamber 14. This enables simple manufacture with at the same time very effective heat removal from the region of the outlet valve bridge 12.

(19) The bores for the first and second inlet channels 5a, 15a, 25a are closed subsequently in the region of the side surface 1a of the cylinder head 1 by stoppers 9, 19, 29.

(20) The exemplary embodiments are shown in exemplary form with a single outlet 6 each. It is obvious that configurations with a plurality of outlets also lie within the scope of the invention.

(21) The inlet channels 5a, 15a, 25a of the inlets 5, 15, 25 can be connected to a pressure source in the cylinder block 13 flange-mounted to the cylinder head 1 (indicated in FIG. 3 and FIG. 8) by means of vertical bores 5b, 15b, 25b so that the coolant flow takes place from the inlets 5, 15, 25 to the outlets 6. The outlet channel 6a of the outlet 6 can be fluidically connected via the cooling jacket 8 of the central component 7 to the cooling jacket 8 of the cylinder head 1. Alternatively to this, designs with inverse coolant flow from the outlets 6 to the inlets 5, 15, 25 are also feasible in which the outlets 6 are therefore connected to a pressure source and the inlets 5, 15, 25 are connected to a pressure sink. The range of protection of the present application covers all possible coolant flow directions.

(22) Furthermore feasible within the framework of the present application are variants in which the cooling circuit for the cooling channels 4 for cooling the valve seat rings 3 is separate from the cooling circuit of the cylinder head 1. Consequently, different cooling media can be used for cooling the cylinder head 1 and for cooling the valve seat rings 3, for example, cooling water on the one hand and lubricating oil on the other hand.