METHOD FOR MEASURING CONDENSABLE PARTICULATE MATTERS FORMED FROM EXHAUST GAS

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for measuring condensable particulate matters formed from exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, including the steps of sucking exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine; diluting the sucked exhaust gas to simulate it to atmospheric condition; a first measurement step of branching some of the exhaust gas of the atmospheric condition and measuring particulate matters including condensable particulate matters and filterable particulate matters; a second measurement step of branching the rest of the exhaust gas of the atmospheric condition to remove the condensable particulate matters and measuring the particulate matters including only the filterable particulate matters; and comparing the first measurement step and the second measurement step to calculate an amount of the condensable particulate matters in the exhaust gas of the atmospheric condition.

Claims

1. A method for measuring condensable particulate matter formed from exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, comprising the steps of: sucking exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine; diluting the sucked exhaust gas to simulate it to atmospheric condition; a first measurement step of branching some of the exhaust gas of the atmospheric condition and measuring particulate matter including condensable particulate matter and filterable particulate matter; a second measurement step of branching the rest of the exhaust gas of the atmospheric condition to remove the condensable particulate matter and measuring the particulate matter including only the filterable particulate matter; and comparing the first measurement step and the second measurement step to calculate an amount of the condensable particulate matter in the exhaust gas of the atmospheric condition.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of filtering fine particulate matter from the exhaust gas, after the step of sucking exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step of filtering fine particulate matter is implemented using a cyclone.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of diluting the sucked exhaust gas to simulate it to atmospheric condition is performed by injecting air into the exhaust gas in a dilution chamber.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the exhaust gas is transferred to the cyclone or the dilution chamber via a conduit, and the conduit maintains a temperature range of 200° C. to 300° C.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the conduit is wound with a heating tape so that it is able to be heated.

7. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step of diluting the sucked exhaust gas to simulate it to atmospheric condition, a ratio of the air to a volume of the exhaust gas is made in a dilution ration of 1:9 to 1:29.

8. The method according to claim 4, wherein the step of diluting the sucked exhaust gas to simulate it to atmospheric condition is performed in a range of −10° C. to 50° C. through a cooler and a heater.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein some of the exhaust gas in the atmospheric condition is branched to a bypass pipe, and the first measurement step is performed.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein rest of the exhaust gas in the atmospheric condition is branched to a thermodenuder and the second measurement step is performed.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the thermodenuder is heated in a range of 25° C. to 300° C.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the condensable particulate matter is removed by being adsorbed on a carbon cloth inside the thermodenuder.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating an amount of the condensable particulate matter comprises measuring number density size distribution of the particulate matter including the condensable particulate matter and the filterable particulate matter in the first measurement step, measuring the number density size distribution of the particulate matter including only the filterable particulate matter in the second measurement step, and subtracting the concentration particle size distribution of the second measurement step from the concentration particle size distribution of the first measurement step.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a method for measuring condensable particulate matter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] FIG. 2 schematically shows a system for measuring an amount of condensable particulate matter from exhaust gas emitted from a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of part A of FIG. 2, schematically showing a system for maintaining a temperature of a conduit.

[0034] FIG. 4 schematically shows a system in which exhaust gas is diluted in a dilution chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] FIG. 5 schematically shows that condensable particulate matter is adsorbed in a thermodenuder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] FIG. 6 schematically shows that condensable particulate matter is calculated by a calculator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] FIGS. 7A to 7F show graphs of measurement of condensable particulate matter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] FIG. 8 schematically shows a system for measuring an amount of particulate matter emitted from a chimney according to the prior art.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0039] Hereinafter, a method for measuring condensable particulate matter according to the present invention will be described through a preferred embodiment of the present invention based on the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Prior to the description, in various embodiments, the same reference numerals are used to represent components having the same configuration in one embodiment, and only other components will be described in other embodiments.

[0041] FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a method of measuring condensable particulate matter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 1, in a method for measuring particulate matter according to an embodiment of the present invention, some of exhaust gas may be sucked from an internal combustion engine, the particle size of fine particulate matter to be measured may be classified, the exhaust gas with the particle size classified may be diluted and simulated to atmospheric condition, and then, the data of a first measurement step of measuring particulate matter including condensable particulate matter and filterable particulate matter and the data of a second measurement step of measuring particulate matter including only the filterable particulate matter from which the condensable particulate matter is removed may be compared to each other to calculate an amount of condensable particulate matter in the exhaust gas.

[0043] FIG. 2 schematically shows a system 1 for measuring an amount of condensable particulate matter from the exhaust gas emitted from a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 schematically shows a system in which a temperature of a conduit 50 in part A of FIG. 2 is maintained.

[0044] As shown in FIG. 2, the system 1 for measuring condensable particulate matter according to an embodiment of the present invention is directly installed at the exhaust port of a vehicle to measure condensable particulate matter contained in exhaust gas.

[0045] Specifically, the sampling conduit 50 for sucking the exhaust gas of the vehicle is installed directly at the exhaust port of the vehicle. As shown in FIG. 3, since it is possible to heat the inside of the conduit by winding around the conduit with a heating tape 51, the temperature of the exhaust gas can be maintained in the range of 200° C. to 300° C.

[0046] Through this, the temperature of the sucked exhaust gas is maintained, so that it is possible to prevent unintended generation of condensable particulate matter 102 due to the occurrence of exhaust gas condensation in the conduit 50 or loss of the generation source of condensable particulate matter.

[0047] The particles larger than the fine particulate matter included in the sucked exhaust gas is preferentially removed by using a cyclone 10, and only the fine particulate matter can be passed therethrough. Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, a PM2.5 cyclone 10 is used, and through this, the matter larger than 2.5 μm can be preferentially filtered. Accordingly, unnecessary errors can be prevented by removing the particles having a particle size not considered in the exhaust gas of a vehicle.

[0048] FIG. 4 schematically shows a system in which the exhaust gas is diluted in a dilution chamber 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] As shown in FIG. 4, a phenomenon in which the exhaust gas from which the fine particulate matter has been removed in the cyclone 10 is injected into a dilution chamber 20 and is diluted while being discharged to atmospheric conditions is simulated.

[0050] Specifically, the dilution chamber 20 can completely mix dilution air and the exhaust gas sample in a short time while controlling the temperature and a dilution ratio. The dilution ratio can be controlled by using a flow controller and a vacuum pump (not shown) to maintain a predetermined dilution ratio. In the dilution chamber 20, the dilution air is injected to generate turbulence, so that the exhaust gas sample can be mixed with the dilution air, and complete mixing can be performed in a short time.

[0051] The dilution ratio can be set to 2 to 50 times in a range that simulates the dilution ratio when the exhaust gas is exposed to the atmosphere, depending on the density of vehicles on a road, but preferably, the ratio of air to exhaust gas is 1:9 to 1:29. When the dilution ratio is greater than 1:9, it is difficult to obtain accurate data because the concentration of exhaust gas is set high and dilution is hardly performed, and when the dilution ratio is lower than 1:29, excessive dilution may occur.

[0052] On the other hand, the dilution chamber 20 can perform temperature control in the range of −10° C. to 50° C. Through this, by installing a cooler and a heater in the dilution chamber 20, it is possible to accurately simulate the atmospheric temperature according to the season, and it is possible to measure while changing the temperature conditions that contribute to the growth of condensable particulate matter.

[0053] FIG. 5 schematically shows that the condensable particulate matter is adsorbed and removed after volatilization in a gaseous phase in a thermodenuder 31 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Specifically, some of the exhaust gas simulated to the atmospheric condition in the above-described dilution chamber 20 is branched to a bypass pipe 32. The exhaust gas particle 100 passing through the bypass pipe 32 contain both filterable particulate matter 101 and condensable particulate matter 102 as in the simulated atmospheric condition.

[0055] In addition, the remaining exhaust gas other than the exhaust gas branched to the bypass pipe 32 is branched to the thermodenuder 32. The condensable particulate matter 102 is volatilized by being heated to a range of 25° C. to 300° C. in the heating section inside the thermodenuder 31, and the volatilized condensable particulate matter 102 is absorbed on a carbon cloth of an adsorption section and then removed from the exhaust gas.

[0056] FIG. 6 schematically shows that the condensable particulate matter is measured by a calculator 40 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] As described above, the exhaust gas particle 100 including both the condensable particulate matter 102 and the filterable particulate matter 101 in the bypass pipe 32 passes through the thermodenuder 31, and the exhaust gas from which the condensable particulate matter 102 is removed is compared to calculate the proportion of the condensable particulate matter 102.

[0058] As another embodiment of the present invention, it is also possible to measure the condensable particulate matter 102 formed when the exhaust gas is discharged to room temperature condition using only the thermodenuder 31. For example, when the temperature of the thermodenuder 31 is set to 25° C., since the condensable particulate matter 102 is not removed, it can be assumed that this is in the same conditions as the exhaust gas that has passed through the bypass pipe 31 in the above-described embodiment. Accordingly, the amount of condensable particulate matter 102 in the exhaust gas can be measured by comparing the data measured at 25° C. with the data measured by setting the thermodenuder 31 to 300° C.

[0059] On the other hand, as a device usable for number density size distribution measuring unit, for example, a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), a fast mobility particle sizer (FMPS), or an optical particle sizer (OPS) may be used. With this device, it is possible to measure from a minimum of 3 nm to a maximum of 10 μm.

[0060] FIGS. 7A to 7F show the graphs of measurement of condensable particulate matter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] As shown in FIGS. 7A to 7F, when comparing the real-time change in number density using the system for measuring condensable particulate matter according to an embodiment of the present invention and the conventional vehicle exhaust gas measurement device, it can be seen that the system of the present invention and the conventional vehicle exhaust gas measurement device show very similar results.

[0062] Specifically, in the measurement of high-concentration exhaust gas emitted from diesel grade 4 and grade 5 vehicles, it was confirmed that the system of the present invention could measure even more than the limit value that the conventional measurement device could measure. In addition, in the measurement of vehicles (LPG, CNG) using gas fuel, it was confirmed that unlike the conventional exhaust gas measurement device in which particles of small particle size are mostly lost, the system of the present invention directly sampled the exhaust gas of the vehicle, and could precisely measure the condensable particulate matter.

[0063] With reference to the above descriptions, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to understand that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential characteristics thereof.

[0064] Therefore, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all respects and are not intended to limit the present invention to the above-described embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is in the claims described later rather than the detailed description described above. All changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and equivalent concepts should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.