One-part tooth implant, device for bending an implant, and method for bending an implant

Abstract

The invention relates to an implant (10) for anchoring in the human or animal maxilla or mandible, a device (100) (an instrument) for bending an implant, a system, which includes an implant (10) and a device (100) for bending an implant, and a method for bending an implant. As a result of the bending geometry, an implant (10) is provided which is bendable in a simple and materially-careful manner, in particular after implantation, i.e., already anchored in the jaw bone. The device (100) for bending the implant (10) enables, due to the pliers-shaped design having corresponding holding (113) and support (123) units, the bending of the implant in a simple manner, in particular the bending after implantation thereof, so that a treatment which protects the implantation region is ensured, in particular, no damage of the bone bed is induced. In addition, a method for bending the implant (10) is provided.

Claims

1. A device for bending an implant anchored in a maxilla or a mandible, comprising: a first leg and a second leg articulately jointed with each other and actuatable corresponding to a scissors tool, a holding unit disposed at a distal end of the first leg for fixing of at least a portion of an abutment region of the implant, wherein the holding unit has a sleeve arranged such that the implant, when anchored in the maxilla or the mandible, is receivable in the sleeve via an opening of the sleeve, such that the implant is held in the holding unit in a formfitting manner, and a support unit disposed at a distal end of the second leg for introducing a force into a bearing region of the implant, wherein the support unit is designed such that a portion of the bearing region of the implant is graspable without jamming.

2. The device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the holding unit and the support unit are movable in an arc shape in relation to one another by means of the first leg and the second leg.

3. The device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the holding unit is capable of fixing the at least a portion of the abutment region of the implant in a bending-torque-stable manner.

4. The device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the sleeve is replaceable.

5. The device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the support unit is designed either: as a one-part element; (ii) as a hooked element; (iii) such that the force can be introduced into the bearing region on one side, (iv) such that the force can be introduced into the bearing region in the bending direction; or (v) such that it can be applied to a single portion of the bearing region.

6. The device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a pointer unit is arranged on the holding unit, such that an orientation of the implant in relation to a row of teeth of a patient is displayable.

7. A device for bending an implant anchored in a maxilla or a mandible, comprising: a first leg and a second leg articulately jointed with each other and actuatable corresponding to a scissors tool, a holding unit disposed at a distal end of the first leg for fixing of at least a portion of an abutment region of the implant, a support unit disposed at a distal end of the second leg for introducing a force into a bearing region of the implant, and a guide unit comprising at least one slotted guide path for articulately joining the legs with one another and for moving the legs in relation to one another, wherein the slotted guide path defines a bending line of the implant.

8. The device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the at least one slotted guide path of the guide unit is arranged on the distal end of the second leg, and the guide unit further comprises at least one guide element, which is arranged on the distal end of the first leg, wherein the guide element can be guided in the slotted guide path.

9. The device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that a scale is arranged along the slotted guide path, and a marking is arranged on the distal end of the first leg such that a bending angle of the implant between the abutment region and an anchoring region is displayable.

10. The device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the slotted guide path has an enlarged region at an end of the slotted guide path such that a guide element facing toward the enlarged region is receivable therein upon maximum opening of the legs.

11. A device for bending an implant anchored in a maxilla or a mandible, comprising: a first leg and a second leg articulately jointed with each other and actuatable corresponding to a scissors tool, a holding unit disposed at a distal end of the first leg for fixing of at least a portion of an abutment region of the implant, wherein the holding unit has a sleeve arranged such that the implant, when anchored in the maxilla or the mandible, is receivable in the sleeve via an opening of the sleeve, such that the implant is held in the holding unit in a formfitting manner, and a support unit disposed at a distal end of the second leg for introducing a force into a bearing region of the implant, wherein the support unit is designed such that the bearing region of the implant is graspable only on a portion which is arranged on a side of the implant which is to be elongated.

12. The device as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the holding unit and the support unit are movable in an arc shape in relation to one another by means of the first leg and the second leg.

13. The device as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the holding unit is capable of fixing the at least a portion of the abutment region of the implant in a bending-torque-stable manner.

14. The device as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the sleeve is replaceable.

15. The device as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the support unit is a one-part element.

16. The device as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the support unit is a hooked element.

17. The device as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the support unit is designed such that the force can be introduced into the bearing region on one side.

18. The device as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the support unit is designed such that the force can be introduced into the bearing region in the bending direction.

19. The device as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the support unit is designed such that it can be applied to a single portion of the bearing region.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in greater detail hereafter on the basis of figures. In the figures:

(2) FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an implant according to the invention,

(3) FIG. 2A shows a portion of the implant from FIG. 1,

(4) FIG. 2B shows a graph: curve of the bending torque,

(5) FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of an implant according to the invention,

(6) FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of an implant according to the invention,

(7) FIG. 5A shows an embodiment of a device according to the invention for bending an implant in a sectional illustration,

(8) FIG. 5B shows a further embodiment of a device according to the invention for bending an implant in a sectional illustration,

(9) FIG. 6A shows the embodiment according to FIG. 5A in a perspective view,

(10) FIG. 6B shows the embodiment according to FIG. 5B in a perspective view,

(11) FIG. 7A shows the embodiment according to FIG. 5A in a side view,

(12) FIG. 7B shows the embodiment according to FIG. 5B in a side view,

(13) FIG. 8 shows a portion of the support unit, in section, in a side view,

(14) FIG. 9 shows a portion of the support unit and a cross-section of a portion of the implant taken along a line 9-9 of FIG. 8, in a view from below,

(15) FIG. 10 shows a comparison: prior artdevice according to the invention for bending an implant.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(16) In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for identical and identically acting parts.

(17) FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an implant 10 according to the invention having an abutment region 20, also referred to as an abutment, which is designed such that a dental-prosthesis construction (not shown) is fastenable thereon. In addition, the geometry of an artificial tooth root or an anchoring region 30 is shown. An end 31 of the anchoring region 30 facing toward the abutment region will be located, for example, at or (slightly) below a bone level 80 after the implantation. Furthermore a bending region 40, also referred to as a bending zone, is provided, a collar-shaped element 50, and a bearing region 60.

(18) The abutment region 20 has an end 21 facing toward the anchoring region and a free end or coronal end 22. The anchoring region 30 has the end 31 facing toward the abutment region and a free end or enossal end 32.

(19) The bending region 40 is arranged between the abutment region 20 and the anchoring region 30, more precisely between the abutment region 20 and the collar-shaped element 50. The bending region 40 has an end 41 facing toward the abutment region and an end 42 facing toward the anchoring region. The collar-shaped element 50 adjoins the bending region 40, on the end 42 thereof facing toward the anchoring region. The bearing region 60 in turn adjoins the collar-shaped element 50, and is therefore arranged between the collar-shaped element 50 and the anchoring region 30.

(20) In the design of the implant 10 shown in FIG. 1, the abutment region 20 is designed as an abutment cone or conical part or element, which tapers toward the free or coronal end 22 of the abutment region 20. Conical elements enable a stable connection, of abutment region 20 and prosthetic construction (not shown) here.

(21) The anchoring region 30 has a first threaded portion 33 and a second threaded portion 35, wherein the first threaded portion 33 is arranged between the bearing region 60 and the second threaded portion 35. The first threaded portion 33 is designed in this embodiment as a double-start thread having a lesser flank depth (in comparison to a flank depth of the second threaded portion) for the anchoring in the more solid, cortical component of the jaw bone, while the second threaded portion 35 is designed as a single-start thread having greater flank depth for the anchoring in the spongy region of the jaw bone. Both threaded portions have the same pitch here, so that no conflicts occur during the insertion of the screw profile.

(22) Each of the threaded portions can have a cutting edge, the first threaded portion 33 has the cutting edge 34 and the second threaded portion 35 has the cutting edge 36. The cutting edges are arranged on the respective ends of the threaded portions facing away from the abutment region (apical ends). The threaded portions 33, 35 are thus provided as a self-tapping thread.

(23) As already described above, the cutting edges 34, 36 on the thread flanks (and possible chip flutes) are designed so that the implant forms a thread structure itself with increasing screwing-in depth into the jaw bone. The screwing in is made easier by a preformed cavity. The bone thread thus resulting results by cutting or by displacement, whereby the screwing-in characteristic and the clamping properties, i.e., the primary stability, are determined.

(24) In addition to the thread-shaped macrostructure, the region of the artificial tooth root is preferably provided with a roughened microstructure in particular, produced by application or targeted ablation. These rough structures are used, on the one hand, for exciting the bone accretion, on the other hand, for the permanent fixed interlocking with the bone after the healing phase. Such microstructures are created, for example, by blasting methods, by etching methods, or by a combination of these two ablation methods, or by an application method, for example, coating with a titanium plasma spray layer.

(25) The thread (threaded portions) shown here is a so-called expansion thread, which clamps itself in the bone bed with increasing screwing-in depth, and which has a flank geometry varying over the thread length in addition to the conical thread base. In addition to threads having cylindrical outer shape and conical thread base, threads having conical outer geometry and cylindrical or conical thread base are possible. Alternatively to these thread shapes, other thread shapes are also conceivable, thus, for example, thread shapes which are well suitable for self-tapping threads.

(26) The bending region 40 has a constricted geometry, having a smallest cross section 43, which is arranged in a half of the bending region 40 facing toward the anchoring region 30. The cross section of the bending region is designed as continuously enlarging in this embodiment, originating from the smallest cross section 43 toward the end 41 of the bending region facing toward the abutment region. The bending region 40 is designed as conical here (in each case conically widening, originating from the smallest cross section). A concave or convex enlargement or expansion of the cross section is also possible. The end 41 of the bending region which faces toward the abutment region 20 has a radius or a radius-shaped geometry 46, to avoid notches. The continuous enlargement is also continued over the radius-shaped geometry.

(27) Because of the special design of the bending region 40, the bending region 40 experiences a targeted distributed plastic deformation, which is non-materially-damaging, in the event of corresponding bending stress.

(28) The cross section of the bending region is also designed as continuously enlarging in this embodiment, originating from the smallest cross section 43 toward the end 42 of the bending region facing toward the anchoring region. A radius-shaped geometry, a second radius-shaped geometry 47, which causes the continuous enlargement of the cross section of the bending region, is also arranged between the smallest cross section 43 and the end 42 of the bending region 40 which faces toward the anchoring region 30. A soft transition is therefore ensured in the direction of the anchoring region and the bending region has a sufficiently high stability on its end 42 facing toward the anchoring region.

(29) That is to say, to avoid notches, the end zone of the bending region is also designed here having a radius or the radius-shaped geometry 47, which causes the enlargement of the cross section, originating from the smallest cross section 43 toward the end of the bending region in the direction of the anchoring region. The smallest cross section 43 is therefore arranged on the radius-shaped geometry on the end 42 of the bending region 40 facing toward the anchoring region.

(30) The collar-shaped element 50 adjoins the bending region 40. The bending region 40 is also used for the accumulation of the oral mucosa as a result of its design, in addition to the design as a bending zone. Due to the tapered geometry and the adjoining collar (collar-shaped element) 50, a barrier results against the penetration of microbes from the oral cavity into the region of the bony anchoring in the form of a labyrinth. In addition, the collar-shaped element 50 is used as a reinforcement. That is to say, in the region of the collar-shaped element 50 of the implant 10, the achieved deformation during bending of the bending region 40 is equal to zero because of the reinforcing effect.

(31) Finally, the implant 10 has the bearing region 60. In this embodiment, the bearing region 60 is designed as a groove-shaped region or also as a groove-shaped element, for example, a channel, and is therefore provided depressed in relation to the surroundings. The bearing region 60 is provided for the purpose of receiving a device for bending the implant via this zone (bearing region). The groove-shaped region therefore forms a mounting region (bearing region) in which the device can engage.

(32) In addition, for bending the implant, a further mounting region (torque-stable mounting region) is provided, on which the device for bending can engage, here, for example, on the free end 22 of the abutment region 20. In practice, it is expedient for the entire abutment region to be used as the mounting region. The implant may therefore be grasped or positioned in the device via the two mounting regions in a suitable manner and subsequently brought into the desired shape.

(33) The implant extends in an extension direction or longitudinal direction 70. The respective cross section of the implant (essentially of the bending region here) extends transversely to the extension direction 70.

(34) FIG. 2A shows a portion of the implant from FIG. 1, in particular abutment region 20, bending region 40, collar-shaped element 50, and bearing region 60. More specific details in this regard are described with the following statements.

(35) FIGS. 3 and 4 show alternative embodiments of the implant. FIG. 3 shows implant 10 having abutment region 20, anchoring region 30, and bending region 40. The remaining components of the implant correspond to those from FIG. 1 and are therefore not explicitly described once again. A bearing region 60 is designed here as an enlarged region in relation to the bending region 40, which corresponds, for example, in this embodiment to the shape and the diameter of a first threaded portion 33 of the anchoring region 30 and is designed as disk-shaped, for example. The edge region of the bearing region 60 is designed as linear here in the extension direction 70 of the implant 10. Larger or smaller designs, both in the extension direction 70 and also transversely thereto, would also be possible. It is to be focussed on the implantation region in the jaw.

(36) FIG. 4 shows an implant 10 having abutment region 20, anchoring region 30, and bending region 40. The remaining components of the implant correspond to those from FIG. 1 and are therefore not explicitly described once again. A bearing region 60 is also designed as disk-shaped here, however, the edge region is designed as rounded, i.e., it bulges outward. In this embodiment, the bearing region 60 protrudes beyond the anchoring region 30 transversely to an extension direction 70 of the implant 10.

(37) In both cases, no explicit collar-shaped element is provided as a result of the design of the bearing regions. In particular due to the design of the bearing region 60 according to FIG. 4, an obstruction is nonetheless provided (but also by the bearing region 60), which can prevent the penetration of microbes into the jaw region. Both the bearing region 60 and also the bearing region 60 can also be viewed as a type of collar-shaped element.

(38) As can be inferred from FIG. 1, a smallest cross section of the bearing region 60 is designed as larger than the smallest cross section 43 of the bending region 40. This promotes the defined bending operation. The smallest cross sections of the bearing regions 60, 60 are also designed to be larger than the smallest cross section of the bending region in the case of the implants 10 and 10 according to FIGS. 3 and 4.

(39) FIG. 5A shows an embodiment of a device 100 according to the invention for bending an implant, FIG. 5B shows a further embodiment 100 of a device according to the invention for bending an implant. The embodiment according to FIG. 5A shows a device for bending an implant as described above, for example, wherein the device is designed such that the bending of the implant, i.e., of the abutment region in relation to the anchoring region via the bending region, takes place in the direction of the oral opening (toward the operator). The arrangement according to FIG. 5B enables bending in the direction of the oral cavity (away from the operator).

(40) A differentiation is made hereafter between the embodiments according to FIGS. 5A, 6A, and 7A, on the one hand, and according to FIGS. 5B, 6B, and 7B, on the other hand, so that for the device for bending in the direction of the oral opening (FIGS. 5A, 6A, and 7A), the reference sign 100 is used, while for the device for bending in the direction of the oral cavity (FIGS. 5B, 6B, and 7B), the reference sign 100 is used. This applies accordingly to the individual components, although they are not completely specified under certain circumstances in FIGS. 5B, 6B, and 7B (since they are already illustrated in FIGS. 5A, 6A, and 7A).

(41) FIGS. 6A and 6B show the embodiments according to FIGS. 5A and 5B in a perspective view.

(42) The device for bending the implant, which is also referred to as a bending device, bending instrument, or bending pliers, will be described in detail hereafter on the basis of FIGS. 5A and 6A. As can be inferred from FIG. 5A, the device has a first branch or a first leg 110 and a second branch or a second leg 120. A holding unit 113 is provided on a distal end 111 of the first leg 110 for receiving the abutment region 20, for example, of the implant 10, 10, 10, as described above with FIGS. 1 to 4. Implant 10 is shown here as an example. The holding unit has a sleeve 114 in this embodiment, in which the implant 10 is receivable via an opening 115 of the sleeve (sleeve opening). The opening is arranged and designed such that it can face toward the implant, in particular also when the implant is already anchored in the jaw bone.

(43) The sleeve 114 is, for example, fixedly connected via a mechanical connection to the first leg 110. The abutment region 20 of the implant 10 is received in a bending-torque-stable manner in the holding unit 113, i.e., in the sleeve 114. The implant 10 is positioned in the device by being received in the sleeve 114. The holding unit 113 or at least the sleeve-shaped part is replaceable for different abutment geometries, i.e., geometries of the abutment region.

(44) A support unit 123, which is held via plate elements 124 and 125 (see FIG. 6A), is provided on a distal end 121 of the second leg 120. Only plate element 124 is visible in FIG. 5A. FIG. 6A shows the first plate element 124 and the second plate element 125, which are spaced apart opposite to one another and form a cavity 126 in between. The holding unit 113 extends in this cavity on the distal end 111 of the first leg 110. The support unit 123 is designed in this embodiment as a hooked element connecting the plate elements.

(45) The plate elements 124, 125 are part of a guide unit 130, which articulately joins the legs 110, 120 with one another, so that the legs and therefore the holding unit and the support unit are movable in relation to one another on a defined path, preferably in an arc shape. The guide unit 130 is thus designed such that the legs and therefore the holding unit and the support unit are movable in relation to one another in a defined manner.

(46) Both the first plate element 124 and also the second plate element 125 each have a guide path 131, 132 (first guide path 131, second guide path 132). Pin elements are inserted therein as guide elements 133, 134 of the guide unit 130 (a guided connection may also be implemented via other elements). The pin elements 133, 134 are arranged or fastened in this embodiment on the distal end 111 of the first leg 110 and establish a connection between the legs 110 and 120 by engaging in the guide paths. The guide unit is designed here as a slotted guide and enables the pivoting of the legs, i.e., the relative movement of the branches or legs toward one another.

(47) The guide paths are designed here as slots and therefore as openings. The guide paths could also be designed as grooves.

(48) As can be inferred from the figures, the two pin elements 133, 134 (guide elements) are arranged on the distal end 111 of the first leg 110 such that the holding unit is arranged between the pin elements. Each of the pins engages with one end in the first guide slot 131 on the first plate element 124 and with the other end in the second guide slot 132 on the second plate element 125.

(49) Because of the slotted guide, the movement possibility is predefined, i.e., only a defined movement of the legs is possible. The slotted guide is thus designed so that the relative movement of the two pliers legs and therefore of the holding unit and the support unit is performed on a defined path. That is to say, a reference to the bending line of the bending region is produced, the movement follows or essentially follows the bending line of the bending region or defines the bending line of the bending region. A bending angle is therefore also predefined, i.e., the maximum angle which is achievable between the abutment region and the anchoring region of the implant by means of the device 100.

(50) The first pliers leg 110 is thus guided in relation to the second pliers leg 120 in the slotted guide. According to the mechanical chucking conditions, the center point 135 of the slotted guide, which is designed as circular here, lies close to or in the plane of the fixed chucking, i.e., in the boundary plane between abutment region (abutment cone) and bending region (bending zone). Alternatively to the circular slotted guides, depending on the requirements for the bending line, other geometries/curve shapes, for example, ellipses, can be provided.

(51) The relative movement of the legs in relation to one another and therefore a closing movement of the legs enables the bending of the implant, so that a defined bending angle can be generated between abutment region and anchoring region of the implant.

(52) The guide paths 131, 132 each have delimitations 136, which delimit the maximum settable bending angle. This maximum bending angle is dimensioned so that no damage to the material microstructure and therefore no reduction of the mechanical properties of the implant can occur during bending of the tooth implant.

(53) The guide unit 130 is designed such that the guide elements 133, 134 can be guided without play.

(54) In order that, for the intraoral bending procedure, the implant already implanted in the jaw bone can be simply positioned in the sleeve 114 of the bending device 100, the guide paths 131, 132 each have a widening region 137. The guide element, which faces toward the widening region, can be introduced into this widening region with maximum opening of the pliers legs in the end position, so that the pliers legs may be opened still further. This enables simpler positioning of the device on the abutment region protruding out of the jaw bone, abutment cone 20 here, of the implant. Due to the closing movement, the guide element slides back into the actual guide paths.

(55) The holding unit 113 has a further opening, which is opposite to the opening 115. A pointer unit 142 is arranged in this opening, which enables the monitoring of the bending procedure. Via the pointer unit 142, the orientation of the bent implant, i.e., of the abutment region, in relation to the row of teeth of a patient is displayable (in relation to the adjacent implants or to the natural dentition). That is to say, the present bending angle can be judged by means of the pointer unit 142, which indicates the present alignment of the abutment region 20.

(56) The relative position of the branches or pliers legs 110, 120 and therefore the present bending angle can be read off on a scale 140 (see FIG. 7A). For this purpose, a corresponding marking 141 is provided on the distal end 111 or on the holding unit 113. The over-bending angle required for lasting deformation can also be read off by means of the scale.

(57) FIGS. 5B and 6B show, as already mentioned above, a further embodiment of a device 100 according to the invention for bending an implant. In principle, this embodiment has the same elements as already described with the embodiment according to FIGS. 5A and 6A, except the device is designed such that the implant 10, in particular the abutment region, is bendable in the direction of the oral cavity (in contrast to the direction of the oral opening). The monitored bending procedure is thus carried out by a closing movement of the pliers legs either in the direction of the oral opening (embodiment of the device according to FIGS. 5A, 6A, 7A) or in the direction of the oral cavity (embodiment of the bending pliers according to FIGS. 5B, 6B, 7B), since it is necessary for the use of the bending device on the patient that implants can be bent both in the direction of the oral opening and also in the opposite direction, i.e., in the direction of the oral cavity.

(58) In the embodiment according to FIGS. 5B, 6B (see also FIG. 7B), the support unit 123 is thus arranged such that it faces in the direction of the distal end 150 of the device 100, in the embodiment according to FIGS. 5A, 6A (see also FIG. 7A), the support unit 123 is arranged such that it faces in the direction of the proximal end 160 of the device 100. The embodiment in which the support unit 123 faces in the direction of the distal end 150 of the device enables bending of the implant in the direction of the oral cavity, while the embodiment in which the support unit 123 faces in the direction of the proximal end 160 of the device enables bending of the implant in the direction of the oral opening. The monitored bending procedure is thus carried out either in the direction of the oral opening or in the direction of the oral cavity by a closing movement of the pliers legs. However, the support unit is always arranged on the distal end of the second leg.

(59) The support unit is in particular designed and/or arranged such that it is applicable to the bearing region of the implant during a closing movement of the legs and/or the force can be introduced into the bearing region of the implant during a closing movement of the legs.

(60) Alternatively to the use of two devices for bending an implant for both bending directions, a pliers having two support units can also be provided, wherein these support units then have to be able to be advanced and/or adjusted. The support units are then to be, for example, replaceable or separately positionable.

(61) It is to be noted in this case that the support unit which is not in action (i.e., the support unit which is not required), can be placed on the device such that it does not interfere during the treatment in the jaw region of a patient. As already stated above, the support unit is designed such that only a small region of the gum and of the bone tissue in the surroundings of the implant bearing is to be surgically exposed to carry out the bending procedure on the alveolar ridge. A possible second unit therefore has to be placed on the device so that it does not impair the working region and above all does not damage the implantation region, i.e., the tissue.

(62) FIGS. 7A and 7B show the embodiments according to FIGS. 5A and 5B in a side view. In this case, the bending devices 100, 100 are each shown completely. The proximal ends of the legs are now visible, the proximal end 112, 112 of the first leg 110, 110 and the proximal end 122, 122 of the second leg 120, 120. The pointer unit 142, 142 is also arranged on each of the bending devices 100, 100. The scale 140, 140 is provided in each case on one of the plate elements, but can also be arranged on each of the plate elements. The marking 141, 141 is applied or arranged, for example, between the respective pin elements.

(63) The distal end 150 and the proximal end 160 of the device 100 and the distal end 150 and the proximal end 160 of the device 100 are also shown.

(64) Moreover, FIGS. 5B, 6B, 7B also show the distal ends 111, 121 of the first leg 110 or of the second leg 120, respectively, the holding unit 113, the support unit 123, the guide unit 130 having the first plate element 124, the second plate element 125, and the cavity 126 provided between the plate elements. The plate elements have the guide paths 131 and 132. In FIG. 5B, the center point 135 of the slotted guide, which is designed as circular here, is indicated, as well as the delimitation 136 and the widening 137 of the visible guide path. Sleeve, opening, and pin elements are not explicitly identified, but correspond to those from FIGS. 5A, 6A, and 7A.

(65) FIG. 8 shows a detail from the implant 10 (from FIG. 1) having bending region 40, collar-shaped element 50, bearing region 60, and partially anchoring region 30. The support unit 123 (or 123) engages in a formfitting manner in the bearing region 60 of the implant or thereon and is used as a counter bearing (bearing) during the bending procedure.

(66) FIG. 9 shows a portion of the support unit 123 and a cross-section of a portion of the implant 10 taken along a line 9-9 of FIG. 8, in a view from below, as the support unit 123 engages in the groove-shaped bearing region 60 of the implant 10 or approaches it. The support unit is designed as arc-shaped in this embodiment at one end, the engagement end 123a, which is provided for engaging on the bearing region, and can thus cling to the bearing region. The bulge of the end extends in the direction of the support unit. The implant 10 is shown in section here, wherein the section is provided transversely to the extension direction 70 of the implant, in the bearing region 60.

(67) If implants are to be bent using the bending device, as are shown, for example, in FIGS. 3 and 4, bending would thus also be executable using the support unit 123 or 123. In both cases, clinging of the support unit 123 via the engagement end 123a on the bearing region 60 or 60 is also possible.

(68) In the case of, for example, polygonal or square bearing region (flattened sides), lateral tips of the engagement end can come to rest on the bearing region, i.e., can engage thereon. The engagement end 123a could also have a different shaping.

(69) The device 100, 100 for bending the implant, i.e., the bending device, is actuatable and usable as follows:

(70) The abutment region 20 of the tooth implant 10 is inserted into the holding unit 113, 113, i.e., into the sleeve 114 here, and thus held in a formfitting manner in the holding unit 113, 113. Because of the form fit of sleeve and abutment region of the implant, the device thus centers itself on the implant. The form fit does not preclude a ring gap from being provided between chucked implant 10 and sleeve 114, to avoid jamming of the abutment region 20 in the holding unit 113, 113. The holding in the holding unit is combinable with the mounting of the implant via the only locally touching support unit, which can be placed or positioned on the bearing region 60, more precisely on a portion 61 of the bearing region 60 of the implant 10 (or also another object) without jamming. The implant 10 is therefore positionable in the bending device 100, 100 and thus prepared for the subsequent bending procedure. Alternatively to the bearing region 60 shown here, of the groove-shaped region, other locations on the implant can be used for the force introduction.

(71) The legs 110, 110 and 120, 120 can be actuated corresponding to a pliers, scissors, or clamping tool, wherein the guide elements, the pin elements 133, 134 here, can be guided without play in the guide slots 131, 131, 132, 132. The bending angle is predefined by the design of the guide slots 131, 131, 132, 132. Handling of the legs is possible via the proximal ends 112, 112 or 122, 122 thereof. These ends are graspable by the operator and can have corresponding handle elements.

(72) A bending force F (see, for example, FIG. 2A) is introduced by the closing of the legs into the geometry of the bearing region 60, in particular in a portion 61 of the bearing region 60, by means of the support unit 123, 123 (which is arranged accordingly). The geometry of the bending region is designed between the bearing region 60 and the formfitting or bending-torque-stable holding of the abutment region 20 so that in the event of bending stress, a controlled deformation takes place in the material volume of the bending region 40.

(73) As can be inferred from the graph in FIG. 2B, an increasing bending torque Mb (increasing over the length 1 of the bending region) is generated, originating from the engagement location of the support unit in the bearing region of the implant (force F) toward to the chucking at the abutment region. Since the device for bending (bending instrument) neutralizes the forces and torques between bearing region and abutment region, the enossal region and therefore the bone surrounding the anchoring region do not experience forces or torques from the bending process.

(74) The implantation is performed so that the end of the first threaded portion 33 facing toward the abutment region 20 lies at or slightly below the bone level 80. As a result of the anatomical conditions, i.e., the curvature of the alveolar ridge, the bearing region 60 then lies either above the bone level or partially also at or slightly below the bone level.

(75) FIG. 10 shows a comparison in the use of a bending device from the prior art (EP 2 438 885 A1, spindle pliers, see under A) and the use of the bending device according to the invention (see under B). The known device requires fixed chucking on both sides of the bending region of the implant, once in a formfitting manner on the bending collar (collar-shaped region) and once in a formfitting manner on the abutment cone, so that a bending torque is introduced on both sides. Due to this chucking and load introduction, a stress in the form of a constant bending torque Mb is generated over the length 1 of the bending region in the bending region. In contrast to the torque-stable chucking on both sides, the bending method according to the invention using one-sided chucking generates an increasing bending torque Mb, originating from the engagement location of the support unit in the bearing region of the implant toward the chucking in the abutment region (see also FIG. 2B).

(76) Fundamentally, using the device for bending, any other object may also be bent, which is positionable in the device. In this case, bending is also possible in the anchor-free state. However, the goal in particular is to deform an already implanted, i.e., anchored tooth implant so that damage to the bone bed is avoided, wherein the region on the alveolar ridge is to be treated as carefully as possible.

(77) Studies on the Bending Region According to the Invention of the Implant

(78) The implant according to the invention has the special design of the bending region. If a bending region having constant cross section or a cross section tapering from apical to cervical is used in the one-sided chucking, it would thus bend in a buckled manner close to the chucking at the abutment region. This arrangement would already result in damage to the microstructure at small bending angles, because of the stress concentration close to the chucking at the abutment region. That is to say, greater bending angles without microstructure damage could not thus be generated.

(79) A method for judging the deformability of a material, in the present case bending multiple times, is numeric analysis using the method of finite elements. In addition to the consideration of the elastoplastic behavior, experimentally ascertained fracture limit curves (achievable plastic elongation as a function of the stress state) are specified for these simulations. A failure can take place in this case due to ductile normal fracture (DNF) or due to ductile shear fracture (DSF). The occurrence of fracture is assessed by the corresponding fracture risks (fracture risk>1.0 means failure). The difference of the ascertained value DNF or DSF to 1.0 is a measure of the security or the reserve until the occurrence of a fracture in the material.

(80) If a geometry, as is provided in a bending region according to FIG. 2A, 3, or 4, is studied with respect to the possible damage of the material in the case of maximum practically-relevant bending (worst-case stress) of the implant of 20, followed by bending back by 10, followed by a further bending of 5, it has been shown that for a suitable (see above) material to be used here (the proposed material group), the damage-describing values DNF=0.42 and DSF=0.29 result. Therefore, in each case a safety factor 2 is provided against fracture in the case of the worst case stress.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

(81) 10, 10, 10 implant 20, 20, 20 abutment region 21 end facing toward the anchoring region 22 free end, coronal end 30, 30, 30 anchoring region 31 end facing toward the abutment region 32 free end, enossal end 33, 33 first threaded portion 34 cutting edge of first threaded portion 35 second threaded portion 36 cutting edge of second threaded portion 40, 40, 40 bending region 41 end facing toward the abutment region 42 end facing toward the anchoring region 43 smallest cross section 44 cross section on the end facing toward the abutment region, cervical cross section 45 cross section on the end facing toward the anchoring region, apical cross section 46 first radius-shaped geometry 47 second radius-shaped geometry 50 collar-shaped element 60, 60, 60 bearing region 61 portion of bearing region 70, 70, 70 extension direction, longitudinal direction of implant 80 bone level 100, 100 device for bending (instrument) 110, 110 first leg, first branch 111, 111 distal end of first leg 112, 112 proximal end of first leg 113, 113 holding unit 114 sleeve 115 opening 120, 120 second leg, second branch 121, 121 distal end of second leg 122, 122 proximal end of second leg 123, 123 support unit 123a engagement end 124, 124 first plate element 125, 125 second plate element 126, 126 cavity 130, 130 guide unit 131, 131 first guide path 132, 132 second guide path 133 guide element, pin element 134 guide element, pin element 135, 135 center point 136, 136 delimitation 137, 137 widening region 140, 140 scale 141, 141 marking 142, 142 pointer unit 150, 150 distal end of device 160, 160 proximal end of device Mb bending torque F force l length of bending region